Intro To info. Tech. Midterm guide

Identify chips, adapter cards, and other components of a motherboard

(Photo gallery)

Identify and briefly describe the steps required for Web publishing

1. Planning a Web Site 2. Analyzing and Designing a Web Site 3. Creating a Web Site 4. Deploying a Web Site 5. Maintaining a Web Site

Define the term, computer, and describe the relationship between data and information

A computer is a device that can be instructed to carry out an arbitrary set of arithmetic or logical operations automatically. Data (Input) is a collection of unprocessed items, which can include text, numbers, images, audio, and video which are later processed into information. Relationship between Data & Information. In, essence, data is raw. ... Briefly explain various input options, output options, and storage options.

Differentiate among various styles of system units on desktop computers, notebook computers, and mobile devices

A desktop computer is designed to sit on a desk. i.e. it's too large to be considered portable, so you wouldn't be moving it around a lot. Notebook/laptop computers are smaller than their desktop counterparts, and are made small enough for them to be transported easily. This could mean moving them around the house, or from place to place, such as school, library, cafe, etc. Mobile devices are generally the smallest of the lot. A mobile device would be easily transportable, and may even fit into a pocket. Cellphones are one type of mobile device, as are some handheld games devices.

Explain how Web pages use graphics, animation, audio, video, virtual reality, and plug-ins

A plug-in is a program that extends a browser's capability to display multimedia elements. Some Web pages use multimedia, which combines text with graphics, animation, audio, video, and virtual reality. A graphic is a digital representation of non-text information such as a drawing, chart, or photo. Animation is the appearance of motion created by displaying series of still images in sequence. Audio is music, speech, or any other sound. Video consists of full-motion images. Virtual reality is the use of computers to simulate an environment that appears as a three-dimensional space.

Distinguish between system software and application software

Applications software (also called end-user programs) include such things as database programs, word processors, Web browsers and spreadsheet System software is a type of computer program that is designed to run a computer's hardware and application programs. If we think of the computer system as a layered model, the system software is the interface between the hardware and user applications.

Describe the types of e-commerce: business-to-consumer, consumer-to-consumer, and business-to-business

Business-to-consumer (B2C) is an Internet and electronic commerce (e-commerce) model that denotes a financial transaction or online sale between a business and consumer Business-to-business (B2B) is an Internet business model that involves businesses that perform services or provide products for other businesses. Business information may also be shared C2C, or customer-to-customer, or consumer-to-consumer, is a business model that facilitates the transaction of products or services between customers.

Explain why computer literacy is vital to success in today's world

Computer literacy is vital to success because almost every field depends on some kind of technology

Explain how e-mail, mailing lists, instant messaging, chat rooms, VoIP, newsgroups and message boards, and FTP work

E-mail: it works like the post office. You write your letter and stamped it (compose your email), drop it at the post office (send it from your computer using your email hosting). Your post office sends the letter to the recipient's post office (to person to whom you're sending the email hosting), the other post office delivers your letter (the email being received) Mailing list: creating a group of email address and send the email one time. the email gets dispatched by looking up the addresses within the group. Instant messaging: it's like talking to someone over the phone by in this case using you keyboard. It happens between 2 people. Chat rooms: works like instant messaging. But here there are more than 2 people. It's like conferencing VoiP: V=Voice, o=over, IP=IP address. It's talking to someone by using Internet line Newgroups: it's like a forum where instead of asking question, you post news. message board: it's a page of news paper where you get message that is addresses to you or people that are concerned. FTP: works like transfering files between 2 computers. But in this case you send the file onto a web serve.

Identify the rules of netiquette

Identify yourself: ... Include a subject line. ... Avoid sarcasm. ... Respect others' privacy. ... Acknowledge and return messages promptly. Copy with caution. ... No spam (a.k.a. junk mail). ... Be concise.

Describe the types of Internet access providers: Internet service providers, online service providers, wireless Internet service providers

Internet service provider (ISP) is an organization that provides services for accessing and using the Internet. Internet service providers may be organized in various forms, such as commercial, community-owned, non-profit, or otherwise privately owned

Explain how program instructions transfer in and out of memory

Memory is needed because the CPU is very fast when compared with Storage (harddisk), thus it takes the data the you request from the storage in memory in order to let your CPU make processes on it.

Define a bit and describe how a series of bits represents data

Most computers are digital, meaning they understand only two discrete states: on and off. ... Each on or off value is called a bit (short for binary digit), the smallest unit of data a computer can handle. Eight bits grouped together as a unit form a byte. Eight bits grouped together as a unit are called a byte. A byte represents a single character in the computer

Differentiate among the various types of memory: RAM, cache, ROM, flash memory, and CMOS

RAM mean Random Access Memory, basically Chips in the computer used for temporary storage of data like parts of windows, websites, game textures, all sorts of things, it only holds data when it has power, as soon as the power is cut it looses all the data it is holding. ROM means Read only Memory, this is like a RAM chip but can only be read from, not written to like RAM, also ROM chips do not loose their data if the power is switched off. CMOS Originally an abbreviation for Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor, the CMOS is the chip on the motherboard that contains the PCs BIOS information and its hardware clock, it needs power, normally a battery, to run. A Cache is a tempory file that internet browsers typically use to store information that they download. When you visit a website it gets cached which stores the information so that were you to visit that page again you wouldnt have to download the whole page again, it would load from the cache. Virtual memory is what happens when windows runs out of RAM and starts writing tempory information onto the hard drive instead, this is of course much slower and can cause alot of lag.

Discuss the uses of the Internet and World Wide Web

The Internet has many uses including sending and receiving emails, online chatting, video conferencing, and the transferring various files and documents. The Internet is also an open communication channel that allows individuals the option to apply for jobs, or shop for essential items. (WWW) an information space where documents and other web resources are identified by Uniform Resource Locators (URLs), interlinked by hypertext links, and can be accessed via the Internet.

Identify and describe broadband Internet connections and state differences between broadband Internet connections and dial-up connections

The fundamental difference between dialup and broadband connections is the manner in which the connection is made from PC to the Internet. Dial up service connects to the Internet through a phone line with a maximum speed of 56kbps. A Broadband is where you get the service from the same ISP but where your connection to the ISP stays connected forever. Here, you are charged a fixed fee per month.

Identify characteristics of various personal computer processors on the market today, and describe the ways processors are cooled

The leading manufacturers of personal computer processor chips are Intel and AMD •A processor chip generates heat that could cause the chip to burn up Determine how you plan to use a new computer before selecting a processor •Require additional cooling -Heat sinks -Liquid cooling technology

Describe the purpose of an IP address and its relationship to a domain name

The main purpose of IP address is to provide a identity to a network device. ip address assosited with a domain name so you can find a domain name assosiated with ip address and vice versa.

Explain the purpose of a Web browser and identify the components of a Web address

The purpose of a web browser a display of a neat and organized way of finding things The Pupose of the Web Browser is to render Web Pages. Web Browser is a client which Queries the Web Server when a page is requested and displays the result inside the browser The purpose of a web page browser is to read HTML documents and display them as web page. The browser does not display HTML tags but uses the tags to interpret the content of the page. The web broswer displays videos, music and other things that are stored in your computer or websites.

Define the term, network, and identify benefits of sharing resources on a network

a group or system of interconnected people or things fast&easy access for multiple devices possible to share internet connection scalability and reduced costs

Describe the control unit and arithmetic logic unit components of a processor, and explain the four steps in a machine cycle

central processing unit (CPU), also called a processor, significantly impacts overall computing power and manages most of a computer's operations. The CPU contains the control unit and the arithmetic/logic unit. The control unit directs and coordinates most of the operations in the computer. For every instruction, the control unit repeats a set of four basic operations called the machine cycle: (1) fetching the instruction or data item from memory, (2) decoding the instruction into commands the computer understands, (3) executing the commands, and, if necessary, (4) storing, or writing the result to memory. The arithmetic/logic unit (ALU) performs the execution part of the machine cycle

Discuss how society uses computers in education, finance, government, health care, science, publishing, travel, and manufacturing

home: people use computer to manage schedules,pay bill and transfer funds.Banks also use computer to customer deposit and withdraws fund at anytime Education: is the process of acquiring knowledge. In tradisional method,they use model such as people to learn something.They also learn from parents,teachers and employers. finance.Many companies use computer to help manage their finance publishing: is the process of making works available to the public travel: societies also use computer navigation system to arrive safely

Describe the five components of a computer:

input devices, output devices, system unit, storage devices, and communications devices

Discuss the advantages and disadvantages that users experience when working with computers

save time and energy

Describe the purpose and types of expansion slots and adapter cards, and differentiate among slots for various removable flash memory devices

•An expansion slot is a socket on the motherboard that can hold an adapter card •An adapter card enhances functions of a component of the system unit and/or provides connections to peripherals •Removable flash memory includes: -Memory cards, USB flash drives, and PC Cards/ExpressCard modules