Intro to Web Development
Which file extension is recommended for webpages?
.html
Which file extension is not recognized as a web file by browsers?
.txt
The Safari browser's viewport in portrait view on the iPad is:
768 pixels wide
By default, the Mobile Safari viewport is:
980 pixels wide
The practice of making content available to all users, regardless of their
Accessibility
Use _____ letters for URLs.
All lowercase
Any element that contains the desired element, regardless of the number of generations that separate them.
Ancestor
What element display type starts on a new line like a new paragraph?
Block-level
An immediate descendant of a parent element.
Child
CSS3 changed the descendant selector to the _________.
Descendant combinator
What is a name associated with a site?
Domain name
What is a breakpoint?
Each width at which content would benefit from adjustment.
It is the most powerful element in all of HTML because it links pages and parts of pages together, forming the a) web.
Em
Web font file format used by IE8 and earlier with @font-face.
Embedded OpenType (.eot)
A method of applying CSS to an HTML page that sets the styles directly in the HTML document, typically in the page's head.
Embedded style sheet
_______ is the preferred method of applying CSS to HTML pages.
External style sheet
This version of text shows in absence of a designed font version of slanted text.
Faux italic
Groups related elements in a form, making it easier to follow.
Fieldset element
A self-contained piece of content referred to by the main content of your document.
Figure element
Which property is used to make text wrap around images or other elements?
Float
Which of these is a self-hosting web font service?
FontSquirrel
Self-hosting web fonts are:
Fonts that are served up from own server More traditional approach One-time purchase Up to you to upload font files and include code on site
Where visitor enters information. Includes fields, checkboxes, drop-down menus, and radio buttons.
Form elements
Includes the URL of the script that will process the form and its method.
Form tag
Creates transitions from one color to another without using images.
Gradient backgrounds
______ add a link to one or more regions of a single image.
Image maps
Specify ______ to stabilize a page's layout while it loads.
Image size
HTML semantics matter because they:
Improve accessibility and interoperability. Improve search engine optimization (SEO). Make for lighter code and faster pages. Make code maintenance and styling easier.
What element display type doesn't generate a new line?
In-line
Markup is the:
Information about the content.
The most general style rule that can be applied to an element is a(n):
Inherited rule
_______ is the least desirable method of applying CSS to HTML because it mixes content (HTML) and presentation (CSS).
Inline style
What element display type is a hybrid of the other display types?
Inline-block
Which browser has spotty support for new color options in CSS3?
Internet Explorer
Using text attribute to open links in new tabs or windows is considered bad practice because:
It should be the user's decision, not HTML developers. Some users may be confused. Some users don't know that more than one page can be open at a time. It is inconvenient for users of screen readers.
Designed version of font used to set off quotes, emphasized text, foreign words, scientific names, and movie titles with appropriate differences that is not slanted normal text.
Italic
A link has two parts: a destination and a(n) _____.
Label
Amount of space between each line in a paragraph.
Leading
What does the @font-face rule do?
Link to a web font on a server
What doesn't subsetting do?
Link to a web font on a server
What is a sign that images aren't loading properly?
Little red x's Broken image icons Alternate text Nothing appearing at all
How do you override or complement default browser styles?
Load one or more from an external file. Insert them at the top of an HTML document. Apply them to a specific HTML element right in the code.
With all else equal, the later the style appears, the greater its precedence or importance.
Location
ID selectors:
Make CSS longer and more complicated than necessary.
Invisible space around the border that separates one element from the next.
Margin
Acts as semantic highlighter.
Mark element
Designates a style sheet for a particular output.
Media-specific style sheets
___________ are the two media features used over and over for responsive pages.
Min-width and max-width
In the hierarchy of selectors the ______, the stronger the rule.
More specific the selector
Specifies more than one background on a single HTML element
Multiple backgrounds
What points the domain to the web host?
Name server
Media embedded in a browser.
Native multimedia
What is an inner list inserted in an outer list?
Nested list
What element display type doesn't display the element at all?
None
An unordered list is good for:
None of the above.
Which text editor comes built-in with Windows?
Notepad
Any content in the ________ will be rendered even if the browser doesn't support the specified plugin.
Object element
Designed version of font that is normal letters slanted with some additional spacing and design.
Oblique
Web fonts have how many weights and styles per font file?
One weight, one style
Lossless web image format that's best for icons and logos, and has better compression algorithm for smaller file sizes and superior transparency support.
PNG
Space surrounding content area in an element's box.
Padding
Which of the following fonts is not a default font in both Mac OS and Windows:
Palatino Linotype
Selector for the element that directly contains the element you wish to format.
Parent
Text box in which whatever is typed is hidden by bullets or asterisks.
Password box
Styles applied regardless of visitor's preference.
Persistent styles
When designing a responsive webpage, begin by designing for:
Phones
HTML5 re-categorizes in-line elements as:
Phrasing content
Index transparency:
Pixel can be transparent or not.
Bridges limits of less-capable browser with capabilities of another.
Polyfills
Specify image to display on loading.
Poster image
______ styles are applied if no choice is made. If an alternate style sheet is chosen, they are deactivated and ignored.
Preferred
_______________ enhancement emphasizes creating content and functionality accessible to all users at basic level, regardless of web browser, while providing more capable browsers with an enhanced experience.
Progressive
Only one from a given set of options can be selected at a time.
Radio buttons
_________ web design can provide styles that progressively evolve a layout for higher resolutions and more capable devices.
Responsive
Notes content that is no longer accurate or relevant.
S element
Provides URL to the video or audio source.
SRC
Allows shapes and graphics to be defined in XML, which the browser interprets and uses to draw the actual shapes.
SVG element
Compressing an image as a JPEG:
Saves space. Isn't worth it for smaller images. Permanently eliminates details to save space.
Format used in special situations where other formats aren't supported, such as earlier versions of mobile Safari.
Scalable Vector Graphics (.svg)
Indicates which elements will be formatted.
Selector
The part of a CSS style rule that determines which elements will receive formatting.
Selector
Elements of any kind that are children of the same parent are _____ elements.
Sibling
Elements that are directly next to each other are known as adjacent ______.
Siblings
The heading element provides _____ heading levels to structure a page's outline.
Six
_____ depends on the visiting monitor's resolution.
Size
_____ represents side comments and fine print, which typically features disclaimers, caveats, legal restrictions, or copyrights.
Small element
Allows you to define more than one source for a media element.
Source element
With two style rules of equal ___________, the one that appears later in the style sheet wins.
Specificity
What does the book recommend for HSL in unsupported browsers?
Specify colors with hexadecimal or RGB.
Box-shadow offers two optional attributes not found in text-shadow, the inset keyword attribute and the _______ attribute.
Spread
An ordered list is used for:
Step-by-step instructions. An outline of a larger document. Marking up breadcrumb navigation.
Denotes important text.
Strong element
Separate folder in directory for a major section of site.
Sub-folder
Lowers letters or numbers slightly relative to the main body text.
Subscript
You can navigate through a page's links with the keyboard by pressing:
Tab
Helps visitors better understand table.
Table caption
Determines how much space should precede the first line of a paragraph.
Text-indent
Can be used to view any website's code in the browser window, but can't modify the code or its display.
View Source
Content written in same order in which it displays is ____ order.
Visual
Which list-style property's default is "none"?
list-style-image
This style rule exception trumps all rules, including location. The only thing that overrides it is a user style sheet.
!importance
Mobile Safari's viewport in portrait mode for iPhone is:
320 pixels wide
Mobile Safari's viewport in landscape mode for iPhone is:
480 pixels wide
Which of the following arrangements are valid for a group of dt and dd elements within a dl?
A single dt grouped with a single dd. A single dt grouped with multiple dd elements. Multiple dt elements grouped with a single dd. Multiple dt elements grouped with multiple dd elements.
_____ positioning takes elements out of the normal flow entirely by specifying their precise position with respect to the body or to their nearest positioned ancestor element.
Absolute
Fonts the browser can use if it doesn't have the first choice installed.
Alternate
Styles designed for a site that visitors can choose to apply instead of the default styles.
Alternate
Appears if an image, for whatever reason, does not appear.
Alternate text
Define viewport:
Area within browser that displays page, both on desktop and mobile browsers.
The ____ element defines a distinct piece of content.
Article
In a basic table, by default, the table is _____.
As wide as content
Missing images might not display if saved as a:
BMP
Text content is the:
Bare text that appears on the page.
Renders a standalone quote on its own line.
Blockquote element
In browsers, label text appears underlined and in what color?
Blue
Outside edge of the padding of an element box.
Border
Adds shadows to elements themselves, not element's text.
Box-shadow property
Class selectors:
Can be reused on other elements.
Along with the JavaScript API, it allows you to draw and animate objects on webpages.
Canvas element
In a basic table, by default, caption text is _____.
Centered
Holds all the material that will be on your website.
Central folder
Which technique(s) work for debugging a webpage?
Check easy stuff first. Be observant and methodical. Make small changes, and test after each change. When you're debugging, start with what you know works. Use process of elimination. Be careful about typos.
A set of options where a visitor can select as many options in a set as they like.
Checkboxes
_____ element is for marking up the titles of works of art, music, movies, and books.
Cite
Computer program that uses a compression algorithm to encode and decode a digital stream of data, making it more suitable for playback.
Codec
Informs the browser to add a set of default controls to the video.
Controls attribute
Describes the formatting to be executed.
Declaration
Which of these is not a principle of responsive web design:
Dedicated sites
The selector for the element you wish to format.
Descendant
With HTML5, definition lists were changed to what?
Description lists
Can be used to view, study, and fiddle with any website's code and see the changes immediately without actually writing over the webpage's HTML and CSS.
Developer's tools
Indicates the one place in the document that defines a term, not its subsequent uses.
Dfn element
Labels that describe the different parts of a webpage.
Elements
Input fields that have small, helpful features added for validation and inputting content.
Email, telephone, and URL input types
What is used to upload pages to the web host's server?
FTP client
Lossless web image format that's best for icons and logos.
GIF
Store data in form without showing it to visitor.
Hidden fields
Lossy web image format that's best for color photographs.
JPEG
Adds or reduces spacing between letters.
Kerning
Line height refers to a paragraph's ________.
Leading
By default, lists are indented from the ___ of their parent.
Left
Gives each fieldset a caption that describes the purpose of each grouping.
Legend element
Changes transparency of elements, including images.
Opacity property
Style rules that appear later have more weight.
Order
Which property controls the area outside the element's box?
Overflow
CSS3 Generator can:
Remove repetitious work of writing prefixed and non-prefixed CSS properties for browsers.
Which major browser only needs to be tested for Mac?
Safari
The first part of a URL is called the:
Scheme
Offers visitors a choice from a given set of options.
Select boxes
Adds dynamic drop-shadow effects to text in elements without first needing to render text using an image.
Text-shadow property
Which text editor comes built-in with Mac?
TextEdit
Which text editor is free to download for Mac?
TextWrangler
By default, _____ is bold and centered in a basic table.
Th text
External multimedia software that browsers hands off playing media content to.
Third-party plugins
A folder for all of the website's images.
Top-level folder
Adds or reduces spacing between words.
Tracking
_______ can be used to create complex layouts by making one image move behind another.
Transparency
What is an alternative term for "clicking" a link?
Triggering
Standard font file types used for desktop computers.
TrueType (.ttf)
Which of these is a web font service?
Typekit Fontdeck WebINK Google Fonts
Which of the following statements is true?
Use absolute URLs for links to webpages on other sites.
The easiest way to speed up download times for images is to:
Use small images.
A customized browser style sheet that trumps all style rules, including location.
User style sheet
Allows each browser to introduce its own support for unfinished CSS properties without conflicting with final specs or with other browsers.
Vendor prefixes
Newer, widely-supported standard designed for use as a web font.
Web Open Font Format (.woff)
What provides reports and other useful data about your website?
Web analytics
What serves the site to anyone who visits the domain in a browser?
Web host
Block-level links:
Wrap a link around most elements or groups of elements.
______ defines the specific location in a webpage where a link leads when triggered.
an anchor
What would you use to mark the description in a description list?
dd
What would you use to mark the parent in a description list?
dl
What would you use to mark the term to describe in a description list?
dt
The most specific style rule that can be applied to an element is a(n):
id attributes
Name the JavaScript event where the visitor leaves the element that was previously in focus.
onblur
Name the JavaScript event where the visitor modifies value or contents of element.
onchange
Name the JavaScript event where the visitor clicks specified area or hits Return or Enter key while focused on it (like on a link).
onclick
Name the JavaScript event where visitor double-clicks specified area.
ondblclick
Name the JavaScript event where the visitor selects, clicks, or tabs to specified element.
onfocus
Name the JavaScript event where the visitor presses down on a key while in specified element.
onkeydown
Name the JavaScript event where the visitor presses down and lets go of a key while in specified element.
onkeypress
Name the JavaScript event where the visitor lets go of the key after typing in a specified element.
onkeyup
Name the JavaScript event where the visitor presses the mouse button down over specified element.
onmousedown
Name the JavaScript event where the visitor clicks the form's reset button or presses the Return or Enter key while focused on the button.
onreset
Name the JavaScript event where the visitor selects one or more characters or words in the element.
onselect
Name the JavaScript event where the visitor clicks the form's submit button or presses the Return or Enter key while focused on the button.
onsubmit
Surrounds all the data rows.
tbody
Use _____ for column calculations.
tfoot
Marks a row or rows of headers as the table head section.
thead