Intro to Web Development

Which file extension is recommended for webpages?

.html

Which file extension is not recognized as a web file by browsers?

.txt

The Safari browser's viewport in portrait view on the iPad is:

768 pixels wide

By default, the Mobile Safari viewport is:

980 pixels wide

The practice of making content available to all users, regardless of their

Accessibility

Use _____ letters for URLs.

All lowercase

Any element that contains the desired element, regardless of the number of generations that separate them.

Ancestor

What element display type starts on a new line like a new paragraph?

Block-level

An immediate descendant of a parent element.

Child

CSS3 changed the descendant selector to the _________.

Descendant combinator

What is a name associated with a site?

Domain name

What is a breakpoint?

Each width at which content would benefit from adjustment.

It is the most powerful element in all of HTML because it links pages and parts of pages together, forming the a) web.

Em

Web font file format used by IE8 and earlier with @font-face.

Embedded OpenType (.eot)

A method of applying CSS to an HTML page that sets the styles directly in the HTML document, typically in the page's head.

Embedded style sheet

_______ is the preferred method of applying CSS to HTML pages.

External style sheet

This version of text shows in absence of a designed font version of slanted text.

Faux italic

Groups related elements in a form, making it easier to follow.

Fieldset element

A self-contained piece of content referred to by the main content of your document.

Figure element

Which property is used to make text wrap around images or other elements?

Float

Which of these is a self-hosting web font service?

FontSquirrel

Self-hosting web fonts are:

Fonts that are served up from own server More traditional approach One-time purchase Up to you to upload font files and include code on site

Where visitor enters information. Includes fields, checkboxes, drop-down menus, and radio buttons.

Form elements

Includes the URL of the script that will process the form and its method.

Form tag

Creates transitions from one color to another without using images.

Gradient backgrounds

______ add a link to one or more regions of a single image.

Image maps

Specify ______ to stabilize a page's layout while it loads.

Image size

HTML semantics matter because they:

Improve accessibility and interoperability. Improve search engine optimization (SEO). Make for lighter code and faster pages. Make code maintenance and styling easier.

What element display type doesn't generate a new line?

In-line

Markup is the:

Information about the content.

The most general style rule that can be applied to an element is a(n):

Inherited rule

_______ is the least desirable method of applying CSS to HTML because it mixes content (HTML) and presentation (CSS).

Inline style

What element display type is a hybrid of the other display types?

Inline-block

Which browser has spotty support for new color options in CSS3?

Internet Explorer

Using text attribute to open links in new tabs or windows is considered bad practice because:

It should be the user's decision, not HTML developers. Some users may be confused. Some users don't know that more than one page can be open at a time. It is inconvenient for users of screen readers.

Designed version of font used to set off quotes, emphasized text, foreign words, scientific names, and movie titles with appropriate differences that is not slanted normal text.

Italic

A link has two parts: a destination and a(n) _____.

Label

Amount of space between each line in a paragraph.

Leading

What does the @font-face rule do?

Link to a web font on a server

What doesn't subsetting do?

Link to a web font on a server

What is a sign that images aren't loading properly?

Little red x's Broken image icons Alternate text Nothing appearing at all

How do you override or complement default browser styles?

Load one or more from an external file. Insert them at the top of an HTML document. Apply them to a specific HTML element right in the code.

With all else equal, the later the style appears, the greater its precedence or importance.

Location

ID selectors:

Make CSS longer and more complicated than necessary.

Invisible space around the border that separates one element from the next.

Margin

Acts as semantic highlighter.

Mark element

Designates a style sheet for a particular output.

Media-specific style sheets

___________ are the two media features used over and over for responsive pages.

Min-width and max-width

In the hierarchy of selectors the ______, the stronger the rule.

More specific the selector

Specifies more than one background on a single HTML element

Multiple backgrounds

What points the domain to the web host?

Name server

Media embedded in a browser.

Native multimedia

What is an inner list inserted in an outer list?

Nested list

What element display type doesn't display the element at all?

None

An unordered list is good for:

None of the above.

Which text editor comes built-in with Windows?

Notepad

Any content in the ________ will be rendered even if the browser doesn't support the specified plugin.

Object element

Designed version of font that is normal letters slanted with some additional spacing and design.

Oblique

Web fonts have how many weights and styles per font file?

One weight, one style

Lossless web image format that's best for icons and logos, and has better compression algorithm for smaller file sizes and superior transparency support.

PNG

Space surrounding content area in an element's box.

Padding

Which of the following fonts is not a default font in both Mac OS and Windows:

Palatino Linotype

Selector for the element that directly contains the element you wish to format.

Parent

Text box in which whatever is typed is hidden by bullets or asterisks.

Password box

Styles applied regardless of visitor's preference.

Persistent styles

When designing a responsive webpage, begin by designing for:

Phones

HTML5 re-categorizes in-line elements as:

Phrasing content

Index transparency:

Pixel can be transparent or not.

Bridges limits of less-capable browser with capabilities of another.

Polyfills

Specify image to display on loading.

Poster image

______ styles are applied if no choice is made. If an alternate style sheet is chosen, they are deactivated and ignored.

Preferred

_______________ enhancement emphasizes creating content and functionality accessible to all users at basic level, regardless of web browser, while providing more capable browsers with an enhanced experience.

Progressive

Only one from a given set of options can be selected at a time.

Radio buttons

_________ web design can provide styles that progressively evolve a layout for higher resolutions and more capable devices.

Responsive

Notes content that is no longer accurate or relevant.

S element

Provides URL to the video or audio source.

SRC

Allows shapes and graphics to be defined in XML, which the browser interprets and uses to draw the actual shapes.

SVG element

Compressing an image as a JPEG:

Saves space. Isn't worth it for smaller images. Permanently eliminates details to save space.

Format used in special situations where other formats aren't supported, such as earlier versions of mobile Safari.

Scalable Vector Graphics (.svg)

Indicates which elements will be formatted.

Selector

The part of a CSS style rule that determines which elements will receive formatting.

Selector

Elements of any kind that are children of the same parent are _____ elements.

Sibling

Elements that are directly next to each other are known as adjacent ______.

Siblings

The heading element provides _____ heading levels to structure a page's outline.

Six

_____ depends on the visiting monitor's resolution.

Size

_____ represents side comments and fine print, which typically features disclaimers, caveats, legal restrictions, or copyrights.

Small element

Allows you to define more than one source for a media element.

Source element

With two style rules of equal ___________, the one that appears later in the style sheet wins.

Specificity

What does the book recommend for HSL in unsupported browsers?

Specify colors with hexadecimal or RGB.

Box-shadow offers two optional attributes not found in text-shadow, the inset keyword attribute and the _______ attribute.

Spread

An ordered list is used for:

Step-by-step instructions. An outline of a larger document. Marking up breadcrumb navigation.

Denotes important text.

Strong element

Separate folder in directory for a major section of site.

Sub-folder

Lowers letters or numbers slightly relative to the main body text.

Subscript

You can navigate through a page's links with the keyboard by pressing:

Tab

Helps visitors better understand table.

Table caption

Determines how much space should precede the first line of a paragraph.

Text-indent

Can be used to view any website's code in the browser window, but can't modify the code or its display.

View Source

Content written in same order in which it displays is ____ order.

Visual

Which list-style property's default is "none"?

list-style-image

This style rule exception trumps all rules, including location. The only thing that overrides it is a user style sheet.

!importance

Mobile Safari's viewport in portrait mode for iPhone is:

320 pixels wide

Mobile Safari's viewport in landscape mode for iPhone is:

480 pixels wide

Which of the following arrangements are valid for a group of dt and dd elements within a dl?

A single dt grouped with a single dd. A single dt grouped with multiple dd elements. Multiple dt elements grouped with a single dd. Multiple dt elements grouped with multiple dd elements.

_____ positioning takes elements out of the normal flow entirely by specifying their precise position with respect to the body or to their nearest positioned ancestor element.

Absolute

Fonts the browser can use if it doesn't have the first choice installed.

Alternate

Styles designed for a site that visitors can choose to apply instead of the default styles.

Alternate

Appears if an image, for whatever reason, does not appear.

Alternate text

Define viewport:

Area within browser that displays page, both on desktop and mobile browsers.

The ____ element defines a distinct piece of content.

Article

In a basic table, by default, the table is _____.

As wide as content

Missing images might not display if saved as a:

BMP

Text content is the:

Bare text that appears on the page.

Renders a standalone quote on its own line.

Blockquote element

In browsers, label text appears underlined and in what color?

Blue

Outside edge of the padding of an element box.

Border

Adds shadows to elements themselves, not element's text.

Box-shadow property

Class selectors:

Can be reused on other elements.

Along with the JavaScript API, it allows you to draw and animate objects on webpages.

Canvas element

In a basic table, by default, caption text is _____.

Centered

Holds all the material that will be on your website.

Central folder

Which technique(s) work for debugging a webpage?

Check easy stuff first. Be observant and methodical. Make small changes, and test after each change. When you're debugging, start with what you know works. Use process of elimination. Be careful about typos.

A set of options where a visitor can select as many options in a set as they like.

Checkboxes

_____ element is for marking up the titles of works of art, music, movies, and books.

Cite

Computer program that uses a compression algorithm to encode and decode a digital stream of data, making it more suitable for playback.

Codec

Informs the browser to add a set of default controls to the video.

Controls attribute

Describes the formatting to be executed.

Declaration

Which of these is not a principle of responsive web design:

Dedicated sites

The selector for the element you wish to format.

Descendant

With HTML5, definition lists were changed to what?

Description lists

Can be used to view, study, and fiddle with any website's code and see the changes immediately without actually writing over the webpage's HTML and CSS.

Developer's tools

Indicates the one place in the document that defines a term, not its subsequent uses.

Dfn element

Labels that describe the different parts of a webpage.

Elements

Input fields that have small, helpful features added for validation and inputting content.

Email, telephone, and URL input types

What is used to upload pages to the web host's server?

FTP client

Lossless web image format that's best for icons and logos.

GIF

Store data in form without showing it to visitor.

Hidden fields

Lossy web image format that's best for color photographs.

JPEG

Adds or reduces spacing between letters.

Kerning

Line height refers to a paragraph's ________.

Leading

By default, lists are indented from the ___ of their parent.

Left

Gives each fieldset a caption that describes the purpose of each grouping.

Legend element

Changes transparency of elements, including images.

Opacity property

Style rules that appear later have more weight.

Order

Which property controls the area outside the element's box?

Overflow

CSS3 Generator can:

Remove repetitious work of writing prefixed and non-prefixed CSS properties for browsers.

Which major browser only needs to be tested for Mac?

Safari

The first part of a URL is called the:

Scheme

Offers visitors a choice from a given set of options.

Select boxes

Adds dynamic drop-shadow effects to text in elements without first needing to render text using an image.

Text-shadow property

Which text editor comes built-in with Mac?

TextEdit

Which text editor is free to download for Mac?

TextWrangler

By default, _____ is bold and centered in a basic table.

Th text

External multimedia software that browsers hands off playing media content to.

Third-party plugins

A folder for all of the website's images.

Top-level folder

Adds or reduces spacing between words.

Tracking

_______ can be used to create complex layouts by making one image move behind another.

Transparency

What is an alternative term for "clicking" a link?

Triggering

Standard font file types used for desktop computers.

TrueType (.ttf)

Which of these is a web font service?

Typekit Fontdeck WebINK Google Fonts

Which of the following statements is true?

Use absolute URLs for links to webpages on other sites.

The easiest way to speed up download times for images is to:

Use small images.

A customized browser style sheet that trumps all style rules, including location.

User style sheet

Allows each browser to introduce its own support for unfinished CSS properties without conflicting with final specs or with other browsers.

Vendor prefixes

Newer, widely-supported standard designed for use as a web font.

Web Open Font Format (.woff)

What provides reports and other useful data about your website?

Web analytics

What serves the site to anyone who visits the domain in a browser?

Web host

Block-level links:

Wrap a link around most elements or groups of elements.

______ defines the specific location in a webpage where a link leads when triggered.

an anchor

What would you use to mark the description in a description list?

dd

What would you use to mark the parent in a description list?

dl

What would you use to mark the term to describe in a description list?

dt

The most specific style rule that can be applied to an element is a(n):

id attributes

Name the JavaScript event where the visitor leaves the element that was previously in focus.

onblur

Name the JavaScript event where the visitor modifies value or contents of element.

onchange

Name the JavaScript event where the visitor clicks specified area or hits Return or Enter key while focused on it (like on a link).

onclick

Name the JavaScript event where visitor double-clicks specified area.

ondblclick

Name the JavaScript event where the visitor selects, clicks, or tabs to specified element.

onfocus

Name the JavaScript event where the visitor presses down on a key while in specified element.

onkeydown

Name the JavaScript event where the visitor presses down and lets go of a key while in specified element.

onkeypress

Name the JavaScript event where the visitor lets go of the key after typing in a specified element.

onkeyup

Name the JavaScript event where the visitor presses the mouse button down over specified element.

onmousedown

Name the JavaScript event where the visitor clicks the form's reset button or presses the Return or Enter key while focused on the button.

onreset

Name the JavaScript event where the visitor selects one or more characters or words in the element.

onselect

Name the JavaScript event where the visitor clicks the form's submit button or presses the Return or Enter key while focused on the button.

onsubmit

Surrounds all the data rows.

tbody

Use _____ for column calculations.

tfoot

Marks a row or rows of headers as the table head section.

thead