IPC Chapter 5 Energy Final Study Guide

The form of energy in fossil fuels is ____ energy.

Chemical

Increasing the speed of an object ____ its potential energy

Does not affect

Radiant to Chemical

Energy transformation occurs when the sun gives energy to an apple tree so it can grow.

Electrical to Radiant (Light)

Energy transformation that occurs when a lamp is plugged into the outlet and turns on.

Electrical to Thermal

Energy transformation that occurs when an electric heater is plugged in and turned on.

Chemical to Mechanical (Kinetic)

Energy transformation that occurs when eating breakfast gives an athlete the energy to perform.

As an object falls its potential energy is lost to the air around it.

False

As mass decreases, kinetic energy increases

False

Lowering an object decreases potential energy

False

Air is a good conductor of heat. _______________

False, a poor

According to the law of conservation of energy, energy can be created or destroyed. _______________

False, cannot

When a substance is cooled it usually expands. _______________

False, contracts

As you decrease the velocity of a car, you increase its kinetic energy _______________

False, decreases

Compression energy is stored in a stretched rubber band. _______________

False, elastic potential

Radiation transfers energy by moving matter. _______________

False, electromagnetic waves

Energy in the form of motion is potential energy. _______________

False, kinetic

In a electric mixer, electrical energy is changed into thermal energy. _______________

False, kinetic

Fossil fuels are a renewable resource. _______________

False, nonrenewable

A rock at the edge of a cliff has kinetic energy because of its position. _______________

False, potential

Energy that is stored is kinetic energy. _______________

False, potential

When you hold a ball above ground it has kinetic energy. _______________

False, potential

Geothermal energy is nonrenewable. _______________

False, renewable

The biggest source of energy on Earth is radioactive atoms. _______________

False, the Sun

Coal burning power plants use radiant energy to create steam to operate the turbine. _______________

False, thermal

A heated iron has chemical energy _______________

False, thermal energy

Energy is the ability to cause change or

do work.

A battery transforms chemical energy into_____ Energy

electrical

radiant (light) energy

energy carried by electromagnetic waves

sound energy

energy carried by sound waves

chemical potential energy

energy stored in the chemical bonds between atoms

work

energy transfer to an object by a force, making the object move in the direction of the force

friction

force that resists the motion of two surfaces that are touching

A baseball in motion is demonstrating ________energy.

kinetic

Electrical energy is the movement of electrons. Is it kinetic or potential energy?

kinetic energy

Radiant energy is electromagnetic energy that travels in vertical (transverse) waves. Is it kinetic or potential energy?

kinetic energy

Sound energy is the movement of energy through substances

kinetic energy

Thermal energy is the internal energy in substances; it is the vibration and movement of the atoms and molecules

kinetic energy

The more____a moving object has, the more kinetic energy it has.

mass

Chemical energy is the energy stored in the bonds of atoms and molecules. Is it potential or kinetic energy?

potential energy

Elastic energy is energy stored in objects by the application of a force. It is potential or kinetic energy?

potential energy

Nuclear energy is energy stored in the nucleus of an atom; it is the energy that holds the nucleus together. Is it kinetic or potential energy?

potential energy

gravitational potential energy

potential energy that depends on the height of an object

lubricant

reduces friction's creation of thermal energy

What are examples of renewable sources?

solar, wind, and nuclear

law of conservation of energy

states that energy can be transformed from one form into another or transferred from one region to another, but energy cannot be created or destroyed

potential energy

stored energy that results from the position or shape of an object

nuclear energy

stored in the nucleus of an atom

kinetic energy

the energy an object has due to its motion

elastic potential energy

the energy stored in objects that are compressed or stretched, such as springs and rubber bands.

thermal energy

the sum of kinetic and potential energy of the particles in matter due to their random motion

mechanical energy

the total energy of an object or group of objects due to large-scale motions and interactions

Heat is the movement of______energy from one object to another.

thermal

a marble falling off a table

transforms gravitational potential energy into kinetic energy

cell phone

transforms radiant energy into sound energy

radiant

transmitted by electromagnetic waves

Energy stored in food you eat is chemical potential energy. _______________

True

If you put your hand above a burner on a stove, your hand becomes hotter than if you put your hand beside the burner. The heat is transferred to your hand above the burner by radiation. _______________

True

Large power plants produce electrical energy. _______________

True

T or F: All forms of energy could be divided into potential and kinetic

True

T or F: Energy is the ability to do work

True

The burning of fossil fuels can result in acid rain. _______________

True

When two containers at the same temperature are brought together, no heat is transferred. _______________

True

When you put on the brakes of a bicycle, friction causes some of the mechanical energy to change to thermal energy. _______________

True

Which of the following devices does NOT make use of electrical energy?

Upright piano

Solar to Electrical to Sound

Using a solar powered ipod (or radio) to play music

A limiting factor for using nuclear energy is the ____ produced.

Waste

____ is an renewable resource.

Wind

Which object changes mechanical energy into electrical energy?

a generator

Which situation is an example of potential energy?

a large rock sitting at the edge of a cliff

When a ball is thrown into the air, its kinetic energy is lowest

at its highest point

electric energy

carried by an electric current

Potential energy can be gravitational, elastic, or

chemical

Chemical to Kinetic

A car engine burns fuel to turn. . .

Potential to Kinetic

A pendulum is held in position. It swings after being released.

Chemical (to Electrical) to Light

Battery powering a flashlight

How is mechanical energy related to potential energy and kinetic energy?

An object's ability to do work is measured by its mechanical energy, or the sum the object's kinetic energy and potential energy. Mechanical energy is due to the position or movement of an object. The formula for mechanical energy is mechanical energy = kinetic energy + potential energy.

What happens to potential energy when a ball is tossed into the air?

It increases as the ball approaches its highest point.

How does a radio use radiant energy?

It transforms it into electrical and sound energy

A blimp flying around over the Super Bowl has ____ energy.

Kinetic and potential

What is the difference between kinetic energy and potential energy?

Kinetic energy is the energy of motion and potential energy is an object's energy due to its position or shape.

Based on the scientific use of the word work, why is lifting a box a form of work, but thinking of a homework plan is not a form of work?

Moving a box is work because you have to transfer your energy so it can move but when you think of a homework plan you're not transferring energy so that's why it's not considered work.

Source of energy: Coal

Non-renewable

____ is a fossil fuel.

Oil

According to the law of conservation of energy, mechanical energy can be changed to heat energy. ______________

True

Compared to water, most metals have low specific heats. _______________

True

Energy is measured in joules.

True

Energy is the ability to cause change.

True

Electrical to Sound

Playing music on a radio

A kite stuck in a tree has ____ energy

Potential

When a rubber band is stretched, it has ____ energy.

Potential

A burning fire produces ____ energy.

Radiant and thermal

What type of energy transformation occurs during photosynthesis?

Radiant energy becomes chemical energy.

Source of Energy: Geothermal

Renewable

Source of Energy: Hydropower

Renewable

Source of energy: Biomass

Renewable

energy

The ability to do work or cause change

Radiant (Solar) to Thermal

The sun is shining and is warming a metal bench.

In a nuclear power plant, nuclear energy is first changed to ____ energy.

Thermal

In every energy transformation, some energy is always "lost" as ____ energy.

Thermal

A book sitting on a shelf has gravitational potential energy. _______________

True