IPC Chapter 5 Energy Final Study Guide
The form of energy in fossil fuels is ____ energy.
Chemical
Increasing the speed of an object ____ its potential energy
Does not affect
Radiant to Chemical
Energy transformation occurs when the sun gives energy to an apple tree so it can grow.
Electrical to Radiant (Light)
Energy transformation that occurs when a lamp is plugged into the outlet and turns on.
Electrical to Thermal
Energy transformation that occurs when an electric heater is plugged in and turned on.
Chemical to Mechanical (Kinetic)
Energy transformation that occurs when eating breakfast gives an athlete the energy to perform.
As an object falls its potential energy is lost to the air around it.
False
As mass decreases, kinetic energy increases
False
Lowering an object decreases potential energy
False
Air is a good conductor of heat. _______________
False, a poor
According to the law of conservation of energy, energy can be created or destroyed. _______________
False, cannot
When a substance is cooled it usually expands. _______________
False, contracts
As you decrease the velocity of a car, you increase its kinetic energy _______________
False, decreases
Compression energy is stored in a stretched rubber band. _______________
False, elastic potential
Radiation transfers energy by moving matter. _______________
False, electromagnetic waves
Energy in the form of motion is potential energy. _______________
False, kinetic
In a electric mixer, electrical energy is changed into thermal energy. _______________
False, kinetic
Fossil fuels are a renewable resource. _______________
False, nonrenewable
A rock at the edge of a cliff has kinetic energy because of its position. _______________
False, potential
Energy that is stored is kinetic energy. _______________
False, potential
When you hold a ball above ground it has kinetic energy. _______________
False, potential
Geothermal energy is nonrenewable. _______________
False, renewable
The biggest source of energy on Earth is radioactive atoms. _______________
False, the Sun
Coal burning power plants use radiant energy to create steam to operate the turbine. _______________
False, thermal
A heated iron has chemical energy _______________
False, thermal energy
Energy is the ability to cause change or
do work.
A battery transforms chemical energy into_____ Energy
electrical
radiant (light) energy
energy carried by electromagnetic waves
sound energy
energy carried by sound waves
chemical potential energy
energy stored in the chemical bonds between atoms
work
energy transfer to an object by a force, making the object move in the direction of the force
friction
force that resists the motion of two surfaces that are touching
A baseball in motion is demonstrating ________energy.
kinetic
Electrical energy is the movement of electrons. Is it kinetic or potential energy?
kinetic energy
Radiant energy is electromagnetic energy that travels in vertical (transverse) waves. Is it kinetic or potential energy?
kinetic energy
Sound energy is the movement of energy through substances
kinetic energy
Thermal energy is the internal energy in substances; it is the vibration and movement of the atoms and molecules
kinetic energy
The more____a moving object has, the more kinetic energy it has.
mass
Chemical energy is the energy stored in the bonds of atoms and molecules. Is it potential or kinetic energy?
potential energy
Elastic energy is energy stored in objects by the application of a force. It is potential or kinetic energy?
potential energy
Nuclear energy is energy stored in the nucleus of an atom; it is the energy that holds the nucleus together. Is it kinetic or potential energy?
potential energy
gravitational potential energy
potential energy that depends on the height of an object
lubricant
reduces friction's creation of thermal energy
What are examples of renewable sources?
solar, wind, and nuclear
law of conservation of energy
states that energy can be transformed from one form into another or transferred from one region to another, but energy cannot be created or destroyed
potential energy
stored energy that results from the position or shape of an object
nuclear energy
stored in the nucleus of an atom
kinetic energy
the energy an object has due to its motion
elastic potential energy
the energy stored in objects that are compressed or stretched, such as springs and rubber bands.
thermal energy
the sum of kinetic and potential energy of the particles in matter due to their random motion
mechanical energy
the total energy of an object or group of objects due to large-scale motions and interactions
Heat is the movement of______energy from one object to another.
thermal
a marble falling off a table
transforms gravitational potential energy into kinetic energy
cell phone
transforms radiant energy into sound energy
radiant
transmitted by electromagnetic waves
Energy stored in food you eat is chemical potential energy. _______________
True
If you put your hand above a burner on a stove, your hand becomes hotter than if you put your hand beside the burner. The heat is transferred to your hand above the burner by radiation. _______________
True
Large power plants produce electrical energy. _______________
True
T or F: All forms of energy could be divided into potential and kinetic
True
T or F: Energy is the ability to do work
True
The burning of fossil fuels can result in acid rain. _______________
True
When two containers at the same temperature are brought together, no heat is transferred. _______________
True
When you put on the brakes of a bicycle, friction causes some of the mechanical energy to change to thermal energy. _______________
True
Which of the following devices does NOT make use of electrical energy?
Upright piano
Solar to Electrical to Sound
Using a solar powered ipod (or radio) to play music
A limiting factor for using nuclear energy is the ____ produced.
Waste
____ is an renewable resource.
Wind
Which object changes mechanical energy into electrical energy?
a generator
Which situation is an example of potential energy?
a large rock sitting at the edge of a cliff
When a ball is thrown into the air, its kinetic energy is lowest
at its highest point
electric energy
carried by an electric current
Potential energy can be gravitational, elastic, or
chemical
Chemical to Kinetic
A car engine burns fuel to turn. . .
Potential to Kinetic
A pendulum is held in position. It swings after being released.
Chemical (to Electrical) to Light
Battery powering a flashlight
How is mechanical energy related to potential energy and kinetic energy?
An object's ability to do work is measured by its mechanical energy, or the sum the object's kinetic energy and potential energy. Mechanical energy is due to the position or movement of an object. The formula for mechanical energy is mechanical energy = kinetic energy + potential energy.
What happens to potential energy when a ball is tossed into the air?
It increases as the ball approaches its highest point.
How does a radio use radiant energy?
It transforms it into electrical and sound energy
A blimp flying around over the Super Bowl has ____ energy.
Kinetic and potential
What is the difference between kinetic energy and potential energy?
Kinetic energy is the energy of motion and potential energy is an object's energy due to its position or shape.
Based on the scientific use of the word work, why is lifting a box a form of work, but thinking of a homework plan is not a form of work?
Moving a box is work because you have to transfer your energy so it can move but when you think of a homework plan you're not transferring energy so that's why it's not considered work.
Source of energy: Coal
Non-renewable
____ is a fossil fuel.
Oil
According to the law of conservation of energy, mechanical energy can be changed to heat energy. ______________
True
Compared to water, most metals have low specific heats. _______________
True
Energy is measured in joules.
True
Energy is the ability to cause change.
True
Electrical to Sound
Playing music on a radio
A kite stuck in a tree has ____ energy
Potential
When a rubber band is stretched, it has ____ energy.
Potential
A burning fire produces ____ energy.
Radiant and thermal
What type of energy transformation occurs during photosynthesis?
Radiant energy becomes chemical energy.
Source of Energy: Geothermal
Renewable
Source of Energy: Hydropower
Renewable
Source of energy: Biomass
Renewable
energy
The ability to do work or cause change
Radiant (Solar) to Thermal
The sun is shining and is warming a metal bench.
In a nuclear power plant, nuclear energy is first changed to ____ energy.
Thermal
In every energy transformation, some energy is always "lost" as ____ energy.
Thermal
A book sitting on a shelf has gravitational potential energy. _______________
True