IS 301, Chapter 11

Intelligent techniques are used for the purpose of?

-Capturing tacit knowledge (Expert systems, case-based reasoning, fuzzy logic) -Knowledge discovery (discover underlying patterns, categories, and behaviors in large data sets using neural networks and data mining) -Generating solutions to complex problems (genetic algorithms) -Automating tasks (intelligent agents)

Name three examples of knowledge work systems.

-Computer-Aided Design (CAD) -Virtual Reality Systems -Investment Workstations

Explain how Case-Based Reasoning works.

-Descriptions of past experiences of human specialists (cases) are stored in the knowledge base. -The system searches for cases with characteristics similar to the new one and applies solutions of old case to new case. -Successful and unsuccessful applications are grouped with case. -Stores org intelligence: knowledge base is continuously expanded/refined by users. (Example: CBR found in medical diagnostic systems and customer support.)

What are the requirements of knowledge work systems (KWS)?

-Sufficient computing power for graphics, complex calculations. -Powerful graphics and analytical tools -Communications and document management -Access to external databases -User-friendly interfaces -Optimized for tasks to be performed (design engineering, financial analysis)

What is the role of management in the knowledge storage stage of the knowledge management value chain?

-To support development of planned knowledge storage systems. -Encourage development of corporate-wide schemas for indexing documents. -Reward employees for taking time to update and store documents properly.

What are the three types of enterprise-wide knowledge management systems?

1) Enterprise content management systems -Digit asset management systems 2) Knowledge network systems 3) Collaboration and social tools 4) Learning Management Systems (LMS)

What are the three major types of knowledge management systems?

1) Enterprise-wide knowledge management systems 2) Knowledge work systems (KWS) 3) Intelligent techniques

Five most common categories of Artificial Intelligence (AI)

1) Expert System 2) Neural Network 3) Genetic Algorithm 4) Intelligent Agent 5) Virtual Reality

What are the three key roles of knowledge workers?

1) Keeping the organization current in knowledge 2) Serving as internal consultants regarding their areas of expertise. 3) Acting as change agents, evaluating, and initiating, and promoting change projects.

What are the four stages of the knowledge management value chain?

1) Knowledge acquisition 2) Knowledge storage 3) Knowledge dissemination 4) Knowledge application Each stage adds value to raw data and information as they are transformed into usable knowledge.

What are the three major types of knowledge in enterprise-wide knowledge management systems.

1) Structured documents 2) Semistructured documents 3) Unstructured, tacit knowledge

What % of an organization's business content is semistructured or unstructured?

80%

Computer-based systems that emulate human behavior

Artificial Intelligence (AI) Technology

This type of enterprise-wide knowledge management system involves social bookmarking and folksonomies.

Collaboration and Social Tools

This type of knowledge work system is used in the creation of engineering or architectural designs (i.e., 3-D printing)

Computer-Aided Design (CAD)

This is a specialized type of enterprise content management system for classifying, store, and managing unstructured digital data such as photographs, graphics, video, and audio.

Digital Asset Management Systems

This type of enterprise-wide knowledge management system helps capture, store, retrieve, distribute, and preserve documents, reports, best practices and semistructured knowledge; bring in external sources such as news feeds and research; and provides tools for communication and collaboration like blogs, wikis, and so on.

Enterprise content management system.

This type of knowledge management system involves general-purpose firm-wide efforts to collect, store, distribute, and apply digital content and knowledge.

Enterprise-wide knowledge management systems

Type of Artificial Intelligence involving computerized advisory programs that imitate the reasoning processes of experts in solving difficult problems.

Expert System

This kind of knowledge is knowledge that has been documented.

Explicit Knowledge

User-created taxonomies for tagging.

Folksonomies (i.e., Twitter and Pinterest)

A mathematical method of handling imprecise or subjective information.

Fuzzy Logic

An artificial intelligence system that mimics the evolutionary, survival-of-the-fittest process to generate increasingly better solutions to a problem.

Genetic Algorithm

In this, genetic algorithms, fuzzy logic, neural networks, and expert systems integrated into single application to take advantage of best features of each.

Hybrid Artificial Intelligence (AI) Systems

Type of artificial intelligence involving special-purpose knowledge-based information system that accomplishes specific tasks on behalf of its users.

Intelligent Agent

Combination of artificial intelligence and database technologies used to capture individual and collective knowledge to extend knowledge base.

Intelligent Techniques

This type of knowledge management system involves a diverse group of techniques such as data mining used for various goals, such as discovering and distilling knowledge and discovering optimal solutions.

Intelligent Techniques

This type of knowledge work system streamlines the investment process and consolidate internal and external data for brokers, traders, and portfolio managers.

Investment Workstations

In this stage of the knowledge management value chain, tacit and explicit knowledge is documented.

Knowledge Acquisition It involves storing documents, reports, presentations, and best practices, including unstructured documents, and developing online expert networks.

To provide return on investment, organizational knowledge must become systematic part of management decision making and becoming situated in decision support systems, including creation of new business practices, products, and services and entering new markets. In what stage of the knowledge management value chain does this occur?

Knowledge Application

This is a set of business processes developed in an organization to create, store, transfer, and apply knowledge.

Knowledge Management

This type of enterprise-wide knowledge management system provides an online director of corporate experts in well-defined knowledge domains.

Knowledge Network Systems Search tools enable employees to find appropriate experts in a company.

During this stage of the knowledge management value chain, knowledge is stored in databases and document management systems.

Knowledge Storage

These are systems for knowledge workers to help create new knowledge and integrate that knowledge into business.

Knowledge Work Systems (KWS)

This type of knowledge management system involves specialized systems built for engineers, scientists, and other knowledge workers charged with discovering and creating new knowledge.

Knowledge Work Systems (KWS)

Researchers, designers, architects, scientists, engineers who create knowledge for the organization are referred to as?

Knowledge Workers

In this stage of the knowledge management value chain, knowledge is disseminated using portals, wikis, e-mail, instant messaging, search engines, and collaboration tools.

Knowledge dissemination

This type of enterprise-wide knowledge management system provides tools for management, delivery, tracking, and assessment of various types of employee learning and training; supports multiple modes of learning (i.e., CD-ROM, web-based classes, online forums, live instruction, and so on); automates selection and administration of course; assembles and delivers learning content; and measures learning differences.

Learning Management System (LMS)

Type of Artificial Intelligence that attempts to emulate the way the human brain works.

Neural Network

This is a process in which organizations gain experience through collection of data, measurement, trial and error, and feedback and adjust behavior to reflect experience (i.e., create new business processes or change patterns of management decision making. (The process in which organizations learn)

Organizational Learning

This is sharing and tagging bookmarks

Social Bookmarking

This kind of knowledge is knowledge that resides in the minds of employees that hasn't been documented.

Tacit Knowledge

In the knowledge management value chain what helps managers avoid a deluge of information and focus attention on important information?

Training programs, information networks, and shared management experience.

Type of artificial intelligence involving a computer-simulated environment that can be a simulation of the real world or an imaginary world.

Virtual Reality

this type of knowledge work system simulates real-life environments (i.e., 3-D medical modeling for surgeons)

Virtual Reality Systems