Isolation Precautions

Select ALL the conditions that warrant airborne precautions: A. Noravirus B. Hepatitis A C. Measles D. Varicella E. Disseminated Varicella Zoster F. Tuberculosis G. Whooping Cough H. RSV I. Epiglottitis

The answers are C, D, E, F. Measles, Varicella (chicken pox), Disseminated Varicella Zoster (shingles), and TB require airborne precautions. NOTE: Varicella and Disseminated Varicella Zoster also require contact precaution as well. Noravirus and RSV are contact precautions. Hepatitis A is contact precautions IF the patient is diapered or incontinent of stool. Whooping cough (Pertussis) and Epiglottitis are droplet precautions.

You're patient is being transported to special procedures for a PICC line placement. The patient is in droplet precautions. What are your nursing actions to ensure proper transport of the patient? A. Notify the receiving department and place a surgical mask on the patient. B. Place an N95 mask on the patient and notify the receiving department. C. Cancel transport and notify the physician for further orders. D. Notify the receiving department and place goggles, gown, and mask on the patient.

A

Which of the following patients would be in contact precautions? Select-all-that-apply: A. A 8 year old patient with lice. B. A 85 year old patient with CRE (Klebisella Pneumoniae). C. A 65 year old patient with Noravirus. D. A 75 year old patient with Disseminated Herpes Zoster. E. A 12 year old patient with impetigo. F. A 9 year old with RSV.

All

Which type of precautions should the nurse implement for the client diagnosed with septic meningitis? 1. Standard Precautions. 2. Airborne Precautions. 3. Contact Precautions. 4. Droplet Precautions.

Droplet. 1. Standard Precautions are mandated for all clients, but a client with septic meningitis will require more than the Standard Precautions. 2. Airborne Precautions are for contagious organisms that are spread on air currents and require the hospital personnel to wear an ultra-high filtration mask; these precautions would be applied for diseases such as tuberculosis. 3. Contact Precautions are for contagious organisms that are spread by blood and body fluids, such as those that occur with wounds or diarrhea. 4. Droplet Precautions are respiratory precautions used for organisms that have a limited span of transmission. Precautions include staying at least four (4) feet away from the client or wearing a standard isolation mask and gloves when coming in close contact with the client. Clients are in isolation for 24 to

A client is admitted to the hospital with a temp of 101 F and WBC of 3000/mm3. Which precaution should be used? contact airborne droplet neutropenic

Neutropenic precautions: ct immunosuppressed should be placed in a private room and use good hand washing before touching the client and any belongings. Limit number of nurses caring for client. No fresh plants or flower. No fresh fruits or veggies. Avoid catheterization. PPE. Visitor restriction.

A patient is diagnosed with Hepatitis A and is incontinent of stool. What type of precautions would be initiated? A. Contact B. Standard C. Droplet D. Contact and Drople

The answer is A. Patients with Hepatitis A are placed in contact precautions IF the patient is diapered or incontinent of stool. Remember Hep A is spread through stool.

A patient with Disseminated Herpes Zoster requires routine tracheostomy suction. Select the appropriate PPE you will wear: A. Surgical mask, goggles, gown B. N95 mask, face shield, gown, gloves C. N95 mask, gown, face shield D. Surgical mask, face shield, gown, gloves

The answer is B. A patient with Disseminated Herpes Zoster is in airborne AND contact precautions. Therefore, you are required to always wear an N95 mask, gowns, and gloves and to follow standard precautions. In this case (because you are providing trach suction), you will be at risk for splash of mucous or blood on the clothing, skin, and mucous membranes. Therefore, you must wear the required N95 mask ,gown, gloves, AND face shield.

You'rer providing care to a patient with C. Diff. After removing the appropriate PPE, you would perform hand hygiene by: A. Using hand sanitizer B. Using soap and water C. Using soap and water only if hands are soiled but can use hand sanitizer D. Using either hand sanitizer or soap and water

The answer is B. After providing care to patients with C. Diff, Noravirus, or Rotavirus, you must perform hand hygiene by washing the hands with ONLY soap and water. Hand-sanitizer is not sufficent enough in killing the germs in these conditions.

Your patient in droplet precautions has family visiting. A family member asks how far they should stand away from the patient while visiting. Your response is: A. 2 feet or more B. 3 feet or more C. Stand at the doorway D. 6 feet or more

The answer is B. Patients in droplet precautions should keep a distance of 3 feet or more from visitors or other patients. Remember the respiratory droplets expelled from patients with droplet diseases do not stay suspended in the air (like in airborne disease) and only travel about 3 feet before falling.

You're providing an in-service on transmission-based precautions to a group of nursing students. Which statement made by a student warrants re-education about the topic? A. "I will make sure that any patient who is in droplet precaution wears a surgical mask when being transported." B. "Patients with airborne diseases such as Meningitis require a special room with negative air pressure." C. "I will always wear a gown and gloves when entering a room of a patient in contact precautions." D. "If I provide care to patients with C. Diff, Noravirus, and Rotavirus infections, I will always wash my hands with soap and water, not hand sanitizer."

The answer is B. This statement is FALSE because Meningitis is not a condition that requires airborne precautions but droplet precautions. However, patients with airborne diseases do require a special room with negative air pressure. However, patients with Meningitis do not.

A 6 year old female is diagnosed with Varicella. What type of isolation precautions will be initiated for this patient? A. Droplet B. Airborne C. Airborne and Contact D. Droplet and Contact

The answer is C. A patient with Varicella (chicken pox) will be in airborne and contact precautions.

Select ALL the patients that would be placed in droplet precautions A. A 5 year old patient with Chicken Pox. B. A 36 year old patient with Pertussis. C. A 25 year old patient with Scarlet Fever. D. A 56 year old patient with Tuberculosis. E. A 69 year old patient with Streptococcal Pharyngitis. F. A 89 year old patient with C. Diff.

The answers are B, C, E. Patients with Pertussis (Whooping Cough), Scarlet Fever, and Streptococcal Pharyngitis are to be placed in droplet precautions. Patients with TB are to placed in airborne precautions while a patient with Chicken Pox should be place in both airborne and contact precautions. Patients with C. Diff are to be placed in contact precautions.

The nurse observes a staff member prepare to leave the room of a client on droplet precautions. The nurse should intervene if: a. The staff member removes the gloves by pulling off inside out b. The staff member holds onto the outer surface of the facemask while pulling mask away from face c. The staff member unties the gown and removes it without touching the outside of the gown d. The nurse performs hand hygiene for 15 seconds

The staff member holds onto the outer surface of the facemask while pulling mask away from face Do not touch outer surface of mask. Untie top mask string and then bottom string, pull the mask away from the face and drop into trash receptacle

The nurse observes a staff member enter a pts room wearing a fit-tested respiratory device. The nurse determines care is appropriate if the staff member is caring for which client? A pt. dx with varicella A pt. dx with mumps A pt. dx with vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) A pt. dx with pneumonia

Varicella: private room with neg air pressure A pt. dx with varicella- used with pathogens transmitted by airborne route. A private room with monitored negative pressure should be used and the door should be closed with the client in the room A pt. dx with mumps- droplet precautions should be used with pathogens transmitted by infections droplets. A private room or with client with same infection. Maintain 3 feet between the pt. and any other pts or visitors. The door may be left open A pt. dx with vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) - contact precautions- place pt. in a private room or in a room with same infection. Wear clean, sterile gloves when entering room and change gloves after contact before washing hands A pt. dx with pneumonia- droplet precautions should be used with pathogens transmitted by infections droplets. A private room or with client with same infection. Maintain 3 feet between the pt. and any other pts or visitors. The door may be left open Overview Airborne Precautions Used with pathogens transmitted by airborne route. A private room with monitored negative pressure of 6-12 air changes per hour. Keep door closed and client in room. Can cohort or place client with another client with same organism. Place mask on client if being transported. Examples of disease in category include measles (rubella), M. tuberculosis, varicella (chickenpox), disseminated zoster (shingles)