ITEC Chapter 1 - 3 - Software, Hardware, and Internet

What's clock speed?

# of instructions processed per second by the CPU (GHz)

What are the strengths and weaknesses of Android OS?

-Strengths: Designed by Google, the Android operating system is the world's most popular operating system for phones and tablet computers. Because it is designed by Google, the Android OS works well with Gmail and other Google products -Weaknesses: Many believe that the Apple iPhone operating system is easier to use. Applications on Android phones can be obtained easily and for free, but one of the consequences is the frequency of advertising while using the app

What are the strengths and weaknesses of Apple OS?

-Strengths: Mac computers have a user friendly interface that has a reputation for being very intuitive. The Macintosh operating system is reliable and has relatively few viruses. Mac computers have an attractive design and are the industry standard for photo and video editing because of their outstanding graphics capabilities -Weaknesses: Mac computers are not as widely used and can only use Apple proprietary or licensed software. Apple devices tend to be more expensive. Mac OS X is not the best choice for gamers

What are the strengths and weaknesses of Linux OS?

-Strengths: Open source software that can be modified by users and is very secure. Free to download and use. Less susceptible to viruses -Weaknesses: Linux takes time and dedication to learn. There are some issues with program compatibility, making it difficult to run some programs when using Linux. There are many different companies that offer Linux-based OS

What are the strengths and weaknesses of Windows OS?

-Strengths: Windows personal computers are by far the most popular computers in the world and are used by most businesses and government agencies; they have the most available software and often the best prices since there's more. -Weaknesses: they are not as intuitive or as easy to use as Macintosh computers and that they are more prone to viruses and other computer problems than Macintosh computers

What are the characteristics of a traditional hard drive?

-read/write head -platter -stores data magnetically

Order the steps of the machine cycle:

1. Fetch 2. Decode 3. Execute 4. Store

What's the correct order of steps to defragment the hard drive?

1. Open disk defragmenter (start button, disk defragmenter) 2. Under current status, select the disk 3. Determine if the disk needs to be defragmented or not (analyze disk) 4. Click defragment disk

What's EULA?

A legal contract between the software manufacturer and the user of an application

Also card a video card. A graphics ___:

Adapter

A gigabyte is equal to 1 ___ bytes:

Billion

___ is also referred to as clockrate:

Clockspeed

Steve Jobs joined with Ross Perot to create the NeXT computer company. Its most famous product was the ___ computer:

Cube

When referring to management information systems, DSS stands for ___ support systems:

Decision

SAGE was developed by the U.S. Department of ___:

Defense

___ Subscriber Line Internet service uses phone lines:

Digital

What's a network license?

Enables everyone on a network the right to use software

It's a good idea to edit or remove ___ in LinkedIn that do not accurately reflect your skill set or experience:

Endorsements

When referring to business information systems, ERP stands for ___ resource planning:

Enterprise

The output that creates a visual image is called ___:

Graphics

Frequency is measured in:

Hertz

What company is the world's largest manufacturer of processors?

Intel

Processor manufacturers:

Intel, NVIDIA, AMD

A digital device that accepts input, processes and stores the input, and provides output is a ___:

Modem

Network ___ Systems are designed to support the sharing of resources including databases, workstations, applications, and resources on a local area network

Operating

1,000 terabytes:

Petabyte

Smallest element of an image:

Pixel

Offers internet service virtually anywhere:

Satellite

Measured diagonally. ___ size:

Screen

What are applets?

Small application programs that are often utility programs that perform less complex operational functions. Applets are commonly used to execute tasks in the Control Panel of Microsoft Windows

What's a site license?

Software installed on the device of qualified users who request the software inside an organization

The results are placed in memory before the next instruction is executed:

Store

Programs that offer the structure and hardware control necessary to run the computer and its peripheral devices are called ___ software:

System

What's a control panel?

The system management tool in the Windows operating system. System management tools allow you to change computer settings, manage tasks, install and uninstall programs and many other options

When referring to management information systems, TPS stands for ___ processing systems:

Transaction

A coding standard using at least 16 bits to represent a character of information:

Unicode

What are utility programs?

Utility programs are included with both Mac and Windows operating systems. Utility programs perform maintenance type tasks including disk cleanup, file maintenance, file search, system backup and restore

Name some popular OSs:

Windows OS - most common for personal computers Mac OS - used on Apple computers Android OS - most common phone OS iOS - Operating system used on iPhones

1 billion bytes:

gigabyte

1 core =

1 ALU + 1 control unit

Single core processor:

1 core

Kilobyte = Megabyte = Gigabyte = Terabyte = Petabyte = Exabyte =

1 thousand bytes 1 million bytes 1 billion bytes 1 trillion bytes 1,000 bytes 1,000 terabytes 1 million

Which of the following is true about the Android OS? 1. It's based on the Windows OS 2. It's widely used for smartphones 3. It's a widely used OS for tablet computers 4. It's a widely used OS for iPhones

1, 2, and 3

Which of the following are strengths of Linux OS? 1. It's open source that can be modified 2. It's widely used in Apple devices 3. It' free to download and use 4. It has solid security features and is less susceptible to viruses

1, 3, and 4

Rank storage capacities from lowest to highest:

1. Petabyte 2. Terabyte 3. Gigabyte 4. Megabyte 5. Kilobyte

What are the steps of the boot process?

1. The device is powered on and the CPU activates BIOS 2. The power-on self-test is activated 3. The OS is loaded into RAM 4. Th OS checks the registry settings and loads saved configuration settings

What's the following? 1. Web 1.0 2. Web 2.0 3. Web 3.0

1. The web before blogs, wikis, and interactive media 2. Cloud computing - interactive web 3. Semantic web; searching for information is easy

What's an operating system?

A computer's platform; the platform of a computer controls all of the functions of a computer. The platform determines which applications can be used on a device

What are database programs?

A database is an organized collection of data. Database management software combines structuring data with tools to manage the data. Common Database Terms Include: Field Record Query Primary Key Form Report

The ___ coding language uses 8 bits to represent a byte of information:

ASCII

Information and instructions about where the data should go inside the digital device are transferred via the ___ bus:

Address

Network hypertexting was developed ___ the graphical user interface:

After

What's Android OS?

Android OS is a Google product. Found in a variety of digital devices including phones and tablet computers, and laptops Chromebook computers also use the Android operating system

Bus width is measured in ___:

Bits

A channel over which information flows inside a computer:

Bus

What's overclocking?

Changing processor settings so computers run faster than recommended by the manufacturer; can overheat the computer and void warranties

Business management software that encompasses nearly all business activities in a corporation is called ___ software:

ERP

The processor completes the instruction:

Execute

When referring to management information systems, ESS stands for ___ support systems:

Executive

An instruction is obtained from memory:

Fetch

What are some internet service options?

Fiber optic, cable, and satellite

___-___ cable service offers the fastest internet:

Fiber-optic

An image or video:

Graphics

What's productivity software?

Productivity software is a specific type of application designed to allow users to work more efficiently. Traditional productivity applications (apps) include Microsoft Office and other business apps. Productivity apps are broken into two categories: productivity apps for individuals and productivity apps for businesses. If there is a specific task to be done there is more than likely a productivity app you can use that will help you to accomplish the task in a more efficiently

Largest memory in a computer, connected to the processor via the front side bus:

RAM

___ is actually storage since it retains data and information when the power has been turned off:

ROM (Read-only memory)

Extremely small piece of memory located throughout the processor:

Register

clarity of an image:

Resolution

What are word processing programs?

Word processing programs are used to create an assortment of documents. Word processing programs can also be used for desktop publishing, that is, creating documents that are ready for print. Word processing programs can also be used to create basic Web pages that are saved using Hypertext Markup Language (HTML). Common word processing programs include Microsoft Word, Apple Pages, and Google Docs

The number of bits that can be processed at one time during one machine cycle is a processor's ___:

Word size

Amount of data a processor can hold and process at one time:

Wordsize

Describe Apple OS:

Apple/Macintosh operating systems are designed and distributed by Apple Inc. and are known for being very easy to use. Apple operating systems are found in a variety of digital devices including phones, tablets, and laptops. Macintosh computers are the industry standard for photo editing, film/movie development, graphic design, etc.

Uses coaxial cable to deliver internet signals:

Cable

Hard drive ___ is the amount of storage you have available to save data and information:

Capacity

This service provides internet service to smartphones:

Cellular

The instructions are converted into something the computer can understand:

Decode

Field vs. record:

Field: A column in a database, record: a row in a database

Typical hard drive capacities would be measured in ___:

Gigabytes or terabytes

One billion instructions per second:

Gigahertz

What's the fastest? Hertz, megahertz, or gigahertz?

Gigahertz, megahertz, then hertz

Memory located on the processor itself:

L1 cache

Popular free and open-source software made by Linus Torvalds:

Linux

What's Linux OS?

Linux is free and open-source software that can be used and modified by anyone for free. Linux is the most common OS on servers, mainframes and supercomputers. Linux is also the underlying OS for most video game consoles and embedded computers as well as the underlying software for the Android OS

When referring to business information technology, MIS stands for ___ information systems:

Management

When referring to management information systems, SCMS stands for supply chain ___ software

Management

One million cycles per second:

Megahertz

A relatively small area of memory quickly accessible by a processor:

Memory cache

Two+ complete processors residing on the same chip and can execute two or more sets of instructions at a time is called a ___-core processor:

Multi

Max resolution of a display device. ___ resolution:

Native

Can a digital device function without a processor?

No

The control unit performs all arithmetic operations in a digital device?

No

Who is Linux owned by?

No one

Is RAM a permanent storage area? Is 1GB of RAM sufficient for most laptops?

No; no

What are presentation programs?

Presentation programs aid in creating visual aids that can be projected on a screen or displayed on a digital display. Common Presentation Program Terms Include: Slide Slide Show Slide Master Speaker Notes

What's a single-user license?

Restricts the use of software to one user at a time

What are spreadsheet programs?

Spreadsheets are used to format and display numbers and text in cells. Common spreadsheet terms include the following: Worksheet: Single page within a workbook Workbook: A collection of related worksheets Cell reference: Identifies the location of a cell in a worksheet Formula: A mathematical operation used to perform calculations Function: Built-in formulas included in a spreadsheet program

What are tasks performed by utility programs?

System backup and restore, disk cleanup, and file search

What's the system management tool in the Mac OS?

System preferences

What category of management information systems focuses on tracking sales and inventories?

TPS

Describe Windows OS:

Windows operating systems are used in a variety of Microsoft's digital devices including desktops, laptops, phones, and tablet computers. Windows 10 is the latest version of Windows. Windows is owned by Microsoft