JBL Practice Exam Module 5
Distributive shock occurs when: A. widespread dilation of the blood vessels causes blood to pool in the vascular beds. B. an injury causes restriction of the heart muscle and impairs its pumping function. C. severe bleeding causes tachycardia in order to distribute blood to the organs faster. D. temporary but severe vasodilation causes a decrease in blood supply to the brain.
A. widespread dilation of the blood vessels causes blood to pool in the vascular beds.
The index of suspicion is MOST accurately defined as: A. your awareness and concern for potentially serious underlying injuries. B. the detection of less obvious life-threatening injuries. C. a predictable pattern that leads to serious injuries. D. the way in which traumatic injuries occur.
A. your awareness and concern for potentially serious underlying injuries.
A 43-year-old man is experiencing a severe nosebleed. His blood pressure is 190/110 mm Hg and his heart rate is 90 beats/min and bounding. Preferred treatment for this patient includes: A. having the patient pinch his own nostrils and then lie supine. B. placing a rolled 4² × 4² dressing between his lower lip and gum. C. packing both nostrils with gauze pads until the bleeding stops. D. pinching the patient's nostrils and having him lean forward.
D. pinching the patient's nostrils and having him lean forward.
Hypovolemic shock caused by severe burns is the result of a loss of: A. red blood cells. B. whole blood. C. platelets. D. plasma.
D. plasma.
When the speed of a motor vehicle doubles, the amount of kinetic energy: A. doubles. B. is not affected. C. triples. D. quadruples.
D. quadruples
The severity of bleeding should be based on all of the following findings, EXCEPT: A. clinical signs and symptoms. B. poor general appearance. C. the mechanism of injury. D. systolic blood pressure.
D. systolic blood pressure.
When transporting a patient with a facial injury, it is MOST important to be as descriptive as possible with the hospital regarding the patient's injuries because: A. it saves time on repeat assessments at the hospital. B. they may need to call a specialist to see the patient. C. they must make arrangements for an ICU bed. D. most patients with facial trauma will need surgery
B. they may need to call a specialist to see the patient.
Burns to pediatric patients are generally considered more serious than burns to adults because: A. pediatric patients are more prone to hyperthermia. B. pediatric patients have a proportionately larger volume of blood. C. most burns in children are the result of child abuse. D. pediatric patients have more surface area relative to total body mass.
D. pediatric patients have more surface area relative to total body mass.
Circulation of blood within an organ or tissue in adequate amounts to meet the cells' oxygen, nutritional, and waste-removal needs is termed _______. A. coagulation B. hemorrhage C. hypoperfusion D. perfusion
D. perfusion
An 8-year-old male was bitten by a stray dog. He has a large laceration to the back of his left hand, which your partner covered with a sterile dressing and bandage. In addition to transporting the child to the hospital, you should: A. report the incident to the appropriate authorities. B. advise the child that he will need rabies shots. C. administer oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask. D. ask the child's father to try to locate the dog.
A. report the incident to the appropriate authorities.
Inadequate circulation of blood throughout the body is called ________. A. shock B. perfusion C. hypotension D. hypoxia
A. shock
Which of the following statements regarding anterior nosebleeds is correct? A. They usually originate from the septum area and bleed slowly. B. They are usually caused by a fracture of the basilar skull. C. They cause blood to drain into the posterior pharynx. D. They are usually severe and require aggressive treatment to control.
A. They usually originate from the septum area and bleed slowly
A 21-year-old male was working in an auto repair shop and sustained radiator burns to the anterior aspect of both arms and to his anterior chest. According to the rule of nines, this patient has burns that cover _____ of his BSA. A. 18% B. 36% C. 45% D. 27%
A. 18%
During your assessment of a patient who was shot in the abdomen, you notice a large entrance wound with multiple small puncture wounds surrounding it. This wound pattern is MOST consistent with a: A. shotgun. B. .357 magnum. C. handgun. D. .22-caliber pistol.
A. shotgun.
Which of the following destinations is most appropriate for a 41-year-old male patient who was involved in a rollover motor vehicle collision and is unconscious and unresponsive, assuming that travel times to each is equal? A. A Level I or Level II trauma center B. Only a Level I trauma center C. A Level IV or Level III trauma center D. Any designated trauma center is acceptable.
A. A Level I or Level II trauma center
Which of the following injuries would MOST likely cause obstructive shock? A. Cardiac tamponade B. Simple pneumothorax C. Spinal cord injury D. Liver laceration
A. Cardiac tamponade
Which of the following areas of the body has the thinnest skin? A. Ears B. Soles of the feet C. Back D. Scalp
A. Ears
The sebaceous glands produce sebum, a material that: Select one: A. waterproofs the skin and keeps it supple. B. pulls the hair erect when you are cold. C. facilitates shedding of the epidermis. D. discharges sweat onto the skin's surface.
A. waterproofs the skin and keeps it supple.
Which of the following statements regarding hemophilia is correct? A. Patients with hemophilia may bleed spontaneously. B. Approximately 25% of the population has hemophilia. C. Hemophilia is defined as a total lack of platelets. D. Hemophiliacs take aspirin to enhance blood clotting.
A. Patients with hemophilia may bleed spontaneously.
Following blunt trauma to the face, a 21-year-old male complains of a severe headache and decreased ability to move his eyes. This patient's clinical presentation is MOST consistent with: A. a blowout fracture. B. a lacerated globe. C. a ruptured eyeball. D. optic vessel compression.
A. a blowout fracture.
The MOST significant complication associated with facial injuries is: A. airway compromise. B. cervical spine injury. C. damage to the eyes. D. mandibular immobility.
A. airway compromise.
In addition to severe bleeding, the MOST life-threatening complication associated with an open neck injury is: A. an air embolism. B. a spinal fracture. C. nerve fiber damage. D. an ischemic stroke.
A. an air embolism.
A 20-year-old male has a large laceration to his wrist. He is holding a blood-soaked towel over the wound, but it continues to bleed rapidly. You should: A. apply a tourniquet proximal to the wrist. B. administer high-flow supplemental oxygen. C. apply pressure to the brachial artery. D. wrap the towel with pressure bandages.
A. apply a tourniquet proximal to the wrist.
You have applied a dressing and roller-gauze bandage to a laceration on the arm of a young female. During transport, she begins to complain of numbness and tingling in her hand. You should: A. assess distal circulation and readjust the bandage as needed. B. remove the bandage and dressing and apply another one. C. remove the gauze bandage and replace it with an elastic one. D. carefully manipulate her arm until the symptoms subside.
A. assess distal circulation and readjust the bandage as needed.
When assessing a patient with signs and symptoms of shock, it is important to remember that: A. blood pressure may be the last measurable factor to change in shock. B. multiple fractures are the most common cause of hypovolemic shock. C. irreversible shock often responds well to a prompt blood transfusion. D. the patient's respirations are deep during the early stages of shock.
A. blood pressure may be the last measurable factor to change in shock.
Your patient is in shock, but the body's defense mechanisms are currently able to maintain adequate circulation. This is called ___________. A. compensated shock B. irreversible shock C. decompensated shock D. late shock
A. compensated shock
A 52-year-old unrestrained female struck the steering wheel with her face when her truck collided with another vehicle. She has obvious swelling to her face and several dislodged teeth. A visual exam of her mouth reveals minimal bleeding. She is conscious and alert with a blood pressure of 130/80 mm Hg, a pulse of 110 beats/min, and respirations of 22 breaths/min with adequate tidal volume. You should: A. fully immobilize her spine, attempt to locate the dislodged teeth, suction as needed, and transport. B. assist ventilations with a BVM device, immobilize her spine, suction her oropharynx for 30 seconds, and transport. C. fully immobilize her spine, irrigate her empty tooth sockets, attempt to locate the dislodged teeth, and transport. D. apply oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask, suction her airway as needed, disregard the dislodged teeth, and transport.
A. fully immobilize her spine, attempt to locate the dislodged teeth, suction as needed, and transport.
A 67-year-old male presents with weakness, dizziness, and melena that began approximately 2 days ago. He denies a history of trauma. His blood pressure is 90/50 mm Hg and his pulse is 120 beats/min and thready. You should be MOST suspicious that this patient is experiencing: A. gastrointestinal bleeding. B. intrathoracic hemorrhaging. C. an aortic aneurysm. D. acute appendicitis.
A. gastrointestinal bleeding.
The superficial temporal artery can be palpated: A. just anterior to the tragus. B. over the mastoid process. C. slightly above the ear. D. at the angle of the jaw.
A. just anterior to the tragus.
When assessing a patient who experienced a blast injury, it is important to remember that: A. primary blast injuries are the most easily overlooked. B. primary blast injuries are typically the most obvious. C. solid organs usually rupture from the pressure wave. D. secondary blast injuries are usually the least obvious
A. primary blast injuries are the most easily overlooked.
A 6-year-old female was riding her bicycle and struck a clothesline with her throat. She is breathing, but with obvious difficulty. Your assessment reveals a crackling sensation in the soft tissues of her neck and facial cyanosis. In addition to the appropriate airway management, the intervention that will MOST likely improve her chance of survival is: A. rapidly transporting her to the hospital. B. requesting a paramedic ambulance. C. quickly immobilizing her spinal column. D. careful monitoring her vital signs.
A. rapidly transporting her to the hospital.
A 56-year-old male has an incomplete avulsion to his right forearm. After controlling any bleeding from the wound, you should: A. replace the avulsed flap to its original position and cover it with a sterile dressing. B. carefully probe the wound to determine if the bleeding is venous or arterial. C. carefully remove the avulsed flap and wrap it in a moist, sterile trauma dressing. D. thoroughly irrigate the wound with sterile water and cover it with a sterile dressing
A. replace the avulsed flap to its original position and cover it with a sterile dressing.
Which of the following interventions is the MOST critical to the outcome of a patient with multisystem trauma? A. Early administration of oxygen B. Intravenous fluid administration C. Rapid transport to a trauma center D. Elevation of the lower extremities
C. Rapid transport to a trauma center
Which portion of the blood carries oxygen to and wastes away from body tissues? A. Platelets B. White blood cells C. Red blood cells D. Plasma
C. Red blood cells
Which section of the heart receives deoxygenated blood? A. Left B. Atria C. Right D. Ventricles
C. Right
Which of the following statements regarding crush syndrome is correct? A. With crush syndrome, massive blood vessel damage occurs following severe soft-tissue injuries, such as amputation of an extremity. B. Compromised arterial blood flow leads to crush syndrome and can occur when an area of the body is trapped for longer than 4 hours. C. Provided that a patient with a crush injury is freed from entrapment within 6 hours, the amount of tissue damaged is generally minimal. D. Tissue damage that occurs in crush syndrome is severe, but kidney injury is unlikely because toxins are quickly eliminated from the body.
B. Compromised arterial blood flow leads to crush syndrome and can occur when an area of the body is trapped for longer than 4 hours.
A 33-year-old male sustained an abdominal evisceration to the left lower quadrant of his abdomen after he was cut with a large knife. After appropriately managing his ABCs and assessing him for other life-threatening injuries, how you should care for his wound? A. Cover the exposed bowel and keep his legs in a straight position. B. Cover it with moist, sterile gauze and secure with an occlusive dressing. C. Carefully replace the exposed bowel into the abdomen and transport. D. Irrigate it with sterile water and cover it with a dry dressing.
B. Cover it with moist, sterile gauze and secure with an occlusive dressing.
Which of the following is the ONLY action that can prevent eventual death from a tension pneumothorax? A. Rapid administration of intravenous fluids B. Decompression of the injured side of the chest C. Positive-pressure ventilation with a bag-valve mask D. Early administration of high-flow oxygen
B. Decompression of the injured side of the chest
A young male sustained a gunshot wound to the abdomen during an altercation. As your partner is assessing and managing his airway, you should control the obvious bleeding and then: A. obtain baseline vital signs. B. apply a cervical collar. C. assess for an exit wound. D. auscultate bowel sounds.
C. assess for an exit wound.
What are the three components of the "perfusion triangle"? A. Plasma, red blood cells, platelets B. Heart, blood vessels, blood C. Heart, brain, lungs D. Arteries, veins, capillaries
B. Heart, blood vessels, blood
A young male was shot in the abdomen by an unknown type of gun. He is semiconscious, has shallow breathing, and is bleeding externally from the wound. As you control the external bleeding, your partner should: Select one: A. perform a secondary assessment. B. apply a nonrebreathing mask. C. assist the patient's ventilations. D. obtain baseline vital signs.
C. assist the patient's ventilations.
Which of the following processes occurs during the inflammation phase of the healing process? A. White blood cells are forced away from the injury site, thus allowing an increase in the flow of red blood cells, resulting in increased blood flow. B. The immune system releases histamines, which cause vasodilation and increased capillary permeability, resulting in local redness and swelling. C. The veins and arteries at the injury site constrict and platelets aggregate, which stops bleeding and causes a temporary increase in the size of the wound. D. The blood vessels in and around the injury site constrict, which forces bacteria and other microorganisms away, thus preventing significant infection.
B. The immune system releases histamines, which cause vasodilation and increased capillary permeability, resulting in local redness and swelling.
If direct pressure fails to immediately stop severe bleeding from an extremity, you should apply: A. a splint and elevate the extremity. B. a tourniquet proximal to the injury. C. additional sterile dressings. D. digital pressure to a proximal artery.
B. a tourniquet proximal to the injury
A 39-year-old male was struck in the head by a baseball during a game. He is confused and has slurred speech. He has a large hematoma in the center of his forehead and cannot remember the events preceding the injury. After manually stabilizing his head and assessing his airway, you should: A. apply ice to the hematoma. B. administer high-flow oxygen. C. perform a neurologic exam. D. palpate his radial pulses.
B. administer high-flow oxygen.
Your patient has a decreased cardiac output and poor myocardial contractility. This will likely lead to ___________. A. hypovolemic shock B. cardiogenic shock C. neurogenic shock D. septic shock
B. cardiogenic shock
Pulmonary edema and impaired ventilation occur during: A. septic shock. B. cardiogenic shock. C. neurogenic shock. D. anaphylactic shock.
B. cardiogenic shock.
When treating an 80-year-old patient who is in shock, it is important to remember that: A. medications older patients take for hypertension often cause an unusually fast heart rate. B. changes in gastric motility may delay gastric emptying, which increases the risk for vomiting. C. compensation from the respiratory system usually manifests with increased tidal volume. D. the older patient's central nervous system usually reacts more briskly to compensate for shock.
B. changes in gastric motility may delay gastric emptying, which increases the risk for vomiting.
A 30-year-old female presents with redness, inflammation, and pain to her left eye. During your assessment, you note that she is having difficulty keeping her eyes open. You should suspect that she is experiencing: A. acute retinitis. B. conjunctivitis. C. a corneal abrasion. D. a detached retina
B. conjunctivitis
Bleeding from soft-tissue injuries to the face is MOST effectively controlled with: A. ice packs and elevation of the patient's head. B. direct pressure using dry, sterile dressings. C. digital pressure to an adjacent pulse point. D. pressure dressings and chemical ice packs.
B. direct pressure using dry, sterile dressings
You suspect your patient is in shock. You note the patient's skin is pale. This is likely due to ___________. A. peripheral vasodilation B. peripheral vasoconstriction C. an increased heart rate D. hypothermia
B. peripheral vasoconstriction
Shock due to severe infection is called ________. A. neurogenic shock B. septic shock C. hypovolemic shock D. anaphylactic shock
B. septic shock
Following blunt trauma to the abdomen, a 21-year-old female complains of diffuse abdominal pain and pain to the left shoulder. Your assessment reveals that her abdomen is distended and tender to palpation. On the basis of these findings, you should be MOST suspicious of injury to the: A. gallbladder. B. spleen. C. pancreas. D. liver.
B. spleen.
Internal bleeding into a fractured extremity is MOST often controlled by: A. applying a tourniquet. B. splinting the extremity. C. keeping the patient warm. D. applying chemical ice pack.
B. splinting the extremity.
A 15-year-old female was struck by a small car while riding her bicycle. She was wearing a helmet and was thrown to the ground, striking her head. In addition to managing problems associated with airway, breathing, and circulation, it is MOST important for you to: A. inspect the helmet for cracks. B. stabilize her entire spine. C. leave her bicycle helmet on. D. obtain baseline vital signs.
B. stabilize her entire spine.
A burn that is characterized by redness and pain is classified as a: A. partial-thickness burn. B. superficial burn. C. full-thickness burn. D. second-degree burn.
B. superficial burn.
To protect vital organs, the body compensates by directing blood flow away from organs that are more tolerant of low flow, such as: A. the heart. B. the skin. C. the brain. D. the lungs.
B. the skin.
Whether you are using a commercial device or a stick and triangular bandage as a tourniquet, it is important to remember that: A. the tourniquet should be applied directly over a joint if possible because this provides better bleeding control. B. the tourniquet should only be removed at the hospital because bleeding may return if the tourniquet is released. C. you should try to control the bleeding by applying pressure to a proximal arterial pressure point first. D. bulky dressings should be securely applied over the tourniquet to further assist in controlling the bleeding.
B. the tourniquet should only be removed at the hospital because bleeding may return if the tourniquet is released.
The Adam's apple is: Select one: A. the small indentation in between the thyroid and cricoid cartilages. B. the upper part of the larynx that is formed by the thyroid cartilage. C. the lower part of the larynx that is formed by the cricoid cartilage. D. below the thyroid cartilage and forms the upper part of the trachea.
B. the upper part of the larynx that is formed by the thyroid cartilage.
When caring for a patient whose arm is covered with a dry chemical, you should: A. quickly irrigate the arm with large amounts of water. B. deactivate the chemical with a 5% vinegar solution. C. brush away the chemical before flushing with water. D. use forceful streams of water to remove the chemical.
C. brush away the chemical before flushing with water.
According to the Association of Air Medical Services, you should consider air medical transport of a trauma patient if: A. the patient requires advanced life support care and stabilization, and the nearest ALS-ground ambulance is more than 5 to 10 minutes away. B. traffic conditions hamper the ability to get the patient to a trauma center by ground within the ideal time frame for the best clinical outcome. C. ground transport will take your ambulance out of service for an extended period of time, regardless of the severity of the patient's injuries. D. he or she was involved in a motor vehicle crash in which another occupant in the same vehicle was killed, even if your patient's injuries are minor.
B. traffic conditions hamper the ability to get the patient to a trauma center by ground within the ideal time frame for the best clinical outcome
A 4-year-old female has a peanut lodged in the external auditory canal of her right ear. You should: A. thoroughly flush her ear with sterile saline. B. transport her to the emergency department. C. use tweezers to try to remove the object. D. remove the peanut with a cotton-tipped swab
B. transport her to the emergency department.
When caring for a patient with an open facial injury, the EMT's immediate priority should be to: A. consider the mechanism of injury. B. wear gloves and facial protection. C. closely assess the patient's airway. D. manually stabilize the patient's head.
B. wear gloves and facial protection
Force acting over a distance is the definition of: A. kinetic energy. B. work. C. latent energy. D. potential energy.
B. work.
In which of the following patients should you remove an impaled object? A. A semiconscious patient with an ice pick impaled in the chest B. A conscious and alert patient with a fishhook impaled in the eye C. A pulseless and apneic patient with a knife impaled in the back D. An apneic patient with a shard of glass impaled in the abdomen
C. A pulseless and apneic patient with a knife impaled in the back
Which of the following open soft-tissue injuries is limited to the superficial layer of the skin and results in the least amount of blood loss? A. Avulsion B. Laceration C. Abrasion D. Incision
C. Abrasion
Significant vital sign changes will occur if the typical adult acutely loses more than ______ of his or her total blood volume. Select one: A. 15% B. 5% C. 20% D. 10%
C. 20%
Your patient has a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 13, a systolic blood pressure of 80 mm Hg, and a respiratory rate of 8 breaths/min. His Revised Trauma Score (RTS) is: A. 8. B. 11. C. 9. D. 10.
C. 9.
Which of the following findings would be LEAST suggestive of the presence of high-energy trauma? A. Intrusion into the vehicle B. Dismounted seats C. Deployment of the air bag D. Steering wheel deformity
C. Deployment of the air bag
A 12-year-old male jumped approximately 12 feet from a tree and landed on his feet. He complains of pain to his lower back. What injury mechanism is MOST likely responsible for his back pain? A. Lateral impact to the spine B. Direct trauma to the spinal column C. Energy transmission to the spine D. Secondary fall after the initial impact
C. Energy transmission to the spine
Which of the following is a severe burn in a 65-year-old patient? A. Superficial burn to 30% of the BSA B. Full-thickness burn to 1% of the BSA C. Partial-thickness burn to 20% of the BSA D. Second-degree burn covering 10% of the BSA
C. Partial-thickness burn to 20% of the BSA
Which types of motor vehicle collisions present the greatest potential for multiple impacts? A. Frontal and rotational B. Rear-end and rotational C. Rotational and rollover D. Lateral and rollover
C. Rotational and rollover
According to the American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma (ACS-COT), an adult trauma patient should be transported to the highest level of trauma center if he or she: A. has a systolic blood pressure of less than 110 mm Hg or a heart rate greater than 110 beats/min. B. was involved in a motor vehicle crash in which another patient in the same vehicle was killed. C. has a GCS score of less than or equal to 13 with a mechanism attributed to trauma. D. has a bleeding disorder or takes anticoagulant medications and has any blunt or penetrating injury.
C. has a GCS score of less than or equal to 13 with a mechanism attributed to trauma.
A factory worker was splashed in the eyes with a strong acid chemical. He complains of intense pain and blurred vision. Your ambulance does not carry bottles of sterile saline or water. You should: Select one: A. mix baking soda with water and irrigate his eyes with the solution. B. flush both eyes with an alcohol-based solution and transport. C. irrigate both eyes continuously for 20 minutes with plain water. D. neutralize the acid chemical in his eye with an alkaline chemical
C. irrigate both eyes continuously for 20 minutes with plain water.
As you approach a young male who was involved in an industrial accident, you note that his eyes are closed and that he is not moving. You can see several large contusions to his arms, a laceration to his forehead with minimal bleeding, and a closed deformity to his right leg. You should: A. assess his pulse for rate, regularity, and quality. B. apply high-flow oxygen and assess his injuries. C. open his airway and assess his breathing status. D. perform an immediate head-to-toe assessment.
C. open his airway and assess his breathing status.
Significant trauma to the face should increase the EMT's index of suspicion for a(n): Select one: A. basilar skull fracture. B. displaced mandible. C. spinal column injury. D. airway obstruction.
C. spinal column injury.
Hypovolemic shock occurs when A. the patient's systolic blood pressure is less than 100 mm Hg. B. the clotting ability of the blood is enhanced. C. the body cannot compensate for rapid blood loss. D. at least 10% of the patient's blood volume is lost.
C. the body cannot compensate for rapid blood loss
If your patient swallows blood following facial trauma, there is an increased risk of ________. A. GI trauma B. hypotension C. vomiting D. altered LOC
C. vomiting
In older patients, the first indicator of nontraumatic internal bleeding may be: A. a heart rate over 120 beats/min. B. a low blood pressure. C. weakness or dizziness. D. diaphoresis and pale skin.
C. weakness or dizziness.
Which of the following statements regarding the vitreous humor is correct? A. It is a clear, watery fluid surrounding the eye and can be replaced if it is lost. B. It is a clear, watery fluid that is located in front of the lens and can be replaced if it is lost. C. It is a clear fluid that is produced by the lacrimal glands and cannot be replaced if it is lost. D. It is a clear, jellylike fluid near the back of the eye that cannot be replaced if it is lost.
D. It is a clear, jellylike fluid near the back of the eye that cannot be replaced if it is lost.
Which organ or organ system has the greatest tolerance for lack of perfusion (shock)? A. Brain B. Kidneys C. Skeletal muscle D. Gastrointestinal system
D. Gastrointestinal system
What mechanism(s) does the body use to control bleeding? A. Clotting B. Coagulation C. Vasoconstriction D. All of these answers are correct.
D. All of these answers are correct
If applying a dressing to control the bleeding of a patient's arm, the EMT should ________. A. apply direct pressure first B. use large or small gauze pads or dressings depending upon the size of the wound C. cover the entire wound, above and below, with the dressing D. All of these answers are correct.
D. All of these answers are correct.
Which of the following injuries would MOST likely occur as a direct result of the third collision in a motor vehicle crash? A. Extremity fractures B. Forehead lacerations C. Flail chest D. Aortic rupture
D. Aortic rupture
As you approach a patient lying at the side of the roadway, you observe severe bleeding from the leg. What should your first action be? A. Administer oxygen. B. Check for a pulse. C. Open the airway. D. Control the bleeding.
D. Control the bleeding
When performing a full body scan, you should assess for ________. A. SAMPLE B. AVPU C. OPQRST D. DCAP-BTLS
D. DCAP-BTLS
When should nonlifesaving interventions be performed for your multisystem trauma patient? A. During the primary assessment B. Immediately after the injuries are discovered C. Prior to transport D. En route to the hospital
D. En route to the hospital
A 25-year-old unrestrained female struck the steering wheel with her chest when her car hit a tree while traveling at a high rate of speed. She has signs and symptoms of shock, which you suspect are the result of intrathoracic bleeding. Which of the following interventions will provide this patient with the greatest chance for survival? A. Intravenous fluid administration B. High-flow oxygen administration C. Full immobilization of her spine D. Rapid transport to a trauma center
D. Rapid transport to a trauma center
When assessing an elderly patient who fell, it is important to remember that: A. any fall in the elderly is considered to be high-energy trauma. B. bilateral hip fractures usually occur when an elderly person falls. C. elderly patients who fall usually have a secondary head injury. D. osteoporosis can cause a fracture as a result of a fall from a standing position.
D. osteoporosis can cause a fracture as a result of a fall from a standing position.
Which of the following findings would be the MOST significant when assessing a patient with possible internal bleeding? A. The patient had a stroke 5 years prior. B. The patient has a history of hypertension. C. The patient has not eaten in 24 hours. D. The patient takes rivaroxaban (Xeralto).
D. The patient takes rivaroxaban (Xeralto).
Which of the following statements regarding gunshot wounds is correct? A. Low-velocity bullets will cause the greatest amount of trauma. B. The size of a bullet has the greatest impact on the injury produced. C. High-velocity bullets will cause less severe internal injuries. D. The speed of a bullet has the greatest impact on the injury produced
D. The speed of a bullet has the greatest impact on the injury produced
Which of the following splinting devices would be MOST appropriate to use for a patient who has an open fracture of the forearm with external bleeding? A. Cardboard splint B. Sling and swathe C. Air splint D. Vacuum splint
D. Vacuum splint
Foods, medications, and insects are common causes of ________. A. neurogenic shock B. psychogenic shock C. septic shock D. anaphylactic shock
D. anaphylactic shock
A closed soft-tissue injury characterized by swelling and ecchymosis is called a(n): A. abrasion. B. hematoma. C. crush injury. D. contusion.
D. contusion.
You are assessing a 59-year-old male and note that his pupils are unequal. He is conscious and alert. When obtaining his medical history, it is MOST pertinent to ask him if he: A. noticed the change during a meal. B. regularly sees a family physician. C. is allergic to any medications. D. has a history of eye surgeries.
D. has a history of eye surgeries
In an acute injury setting, neurogenic shock is commonly accompanied by: A. diaphoresis. B. tachycardia. C. hypovolemia. D. hypothermia.
D. hypothermia
Following a blunt injury to the head, a 22-year-old female is confused and complains of a severe headache and nausea. On the basis of these signs and symptoms, you should be MOST concerned with the possibility of: A. a fracture of the skull. B. spinal cord injury. C. airway compromise. D. intracranial bleeding.
D. intracranial bleeding
When a light is shone into the pupil: A. the opposite pupil should dilate. B. it should become larger in size. C. both pupils should dilate together. D. it should become smaller in size.
D. it should become smaller in size.
Approximately 25% of severe injuries to the aorta occur during: A. rollover collisions. B. frontal collisions. C. rear-end collisions. D. lateral collisions.
D. lateral collisions
The upper jawbones are called the: A. mastoid. B. zygoma. C. mandible. D. maxillae.
D. maxillae
While en route to a major motor vehicle crash, an on-scene police officer advises you that a 6-year-old male who was riding in the front seat is involved. He further states that the child was only wearing a lap belt and that the air bag deployed. On the basis of this information, you should be MOST suspicious that the child has experienced: A. blunt trauma to the head. B. lower extremity fractures. C. open abdominal trauma. D. neck and facial injuries.
D. neck and facial injuries.