JKO Emergency Preparedness Response Course (EPRC) - Operator Course

Smallpox can spread from one person to another by which of the following routes?

Aerosols generated by a patient sneezing or coughing. Droplets during face-to-face contact with a patient. Direct contact with the patient's scabs.

A terrorist group modifies the valves on a remote controlled crop-spraying helicopter, which has been imported legally from Japan for agricultural purposes. The group sprays at night at altitudes below radar coverage. The device is abandoned in a field. One week later, the town doctor notices an unusual number of cases of summer flu. What CBRNE agent has most likely been used?

Biological

Unusual or unscheduled insecticide spraying or an abandoned spraying devise, and several people suffering food poisoning symptoms are all indicators for the most likely use of what type of CBRNE agent?

Biological

Processed foods and temperature-abused foods are most commonly associated with ________ poisoning.

Botulinum Neurotoxin

Locations and Methods of Release of CBRNE agents?

Chemical agents •High-density population areas, such as sporting events or a mall •Release occurs indoors or through ventilation systems to large buildings, such as high-rise office structures, airport terminals, or subway systems Biological agents •May be released indoors through the Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system, as a powder in the mail, or by aerosol outdoors. Effects are delayed by the incubation period of the agent. Radiological agents •Release could occur anywhere with devastating psychological and potential long-term physical effects. •Greatest effects would be seen if released in densely populated areas or at mass gatherings. Nuclear agents •Could be used anywhere with devastating physical and psychological effects. •Have greatest effect if used in urban settings, in close proximity to high-value targets, or at mass gatherings. High yield explosive agents •Estimated that 90% of terrorist activities have involved explosive devices •Can occur indoors or outdoors with potential for large-scale destruction of both personnel and property.

What type of decontamination includes clothing removal and the use of a water and soap solution?

Chemical decontamination

__________ occurs when people come in direct contact with a harmful agent at or near an incident.

Contamination

_______ may be thought of as a form of identification.

Detection to protect or treat

What is the value of verification or confirmation of biological agents?

Determination of genetic differences in pathogens may allow determination of source laboratories

Presidential Policy Directive-8

Establishes policies to strengthen the preparedness of the United States to prevent and respond to threatened or actual domestic terrorist attacks, major disasters, and other emergencies by requiring a national domestic all-hazards preparedness goal, establishing mechanisms for improved delivery of federal preparedness assistance to state and local governments, and outlining actions to strengthen preparedness capabilities of federal, state and local entities.

One benefit of National Incident Management System (NIMS).

Establishment of standardized organizational structures that improve integration among jurisdictions and disciplines.

The Disaster Mental Health Response Team can be called upon to assist victims and disaster responders. Which of the following is NOT a service that they may provide:

Focus on resilience

What is the role of the liaison officer within the Hospital Incident Command System (HICS)?

Function as the incident contact person for representatives from other agencies

When is ICS Used?

ICS may be activated to respond to many types of incidents, including: •Hazardous Materials (HAZMAT) •CBRNE •Planned events such as celebrations, parades, concerts, official visits, etc. •Natural hazards such as fires •Law enforcement incidents •Incidents involving multiple casualties •Multi-jurisdictional and multi-agency incidents •Air, rail, water, or ground transportation accidents •Wide-area search and rescue missions

What command system is a widely used and accepted tool for command, control, and coordination of a response to a disaster?

Incident Command System

Which position is responsible for the coordination of activities during a disaster?

Incident Commander

An all-hazards approach affects preparedness by allowing communities to:

Increase the speed, effectiveness, and efficiency of incident management

What is the purpose of a secondary device?

Injure or kill first responders

Homeland Security Presidential Directive-21

It is the policy of the United States to plan and enable provision for the public health and medical needs of the American people in the case of a catastrophic health event through continual and timely flow of information during such an event and rapid public health and medical response that marshals all available national capabilities and capacities in a rapid and coordinated manner. It is the policy of the Department of Defense to support, upon request, the local, state, and national authorities in the case of a catastrophic health event. DOD has the responsibility to plan and provide for the health and medical needs on a DOD Installation.

In a CBRNE incident involving an unknown hazardous substance, what is the lowest level of civilian chemical equipment that must be used?

Level B of civilian chemical equipment are used during an incident involving an unknown hazardous substance

An explosion casualty suffering from crush injuries of the lower extremities has been admitted to your hospital with severe hyperkalemia. What emergency treatment is NOT recommended?

Limit fluids

The first thing you should do for a chlorine casualty is:

Look for and treat airway obstruction

What blood test is available that will give an accurate estimate of radiation dose?

Lymphocytes count

How is the victim of vesicant (blister agent) exposure with skin burns less than 5 percent of Body Surface Area (BSA) and minor eye irritation classified?

Minimal

National Incident Management System

NIMS provides a consistent nationwide template to enable federal, state, tribal, and local governments, the private sector, and non-governmental organizations to work together to prepare for, prevent, respond to, recover from, and mitigate the effects of incidents regardless of cause, size, location or complexity in order to reduce the loss of life, property damage, and harm to the environment

Which of the following is a cyanide antidote? a. Atropine b. 2-pralidoxime chloride c. Nitrite d. All of the above

Nitrite is a cyanide antidote. Atropine and 2-pralidoxime chloride are nerve agent antidotes

Which Response Operations Phase is the echeloning of required Joint Task Force (JTF) resources at the appropriate time and place is the key to success?

Phase II - Respond

Which of the following bacterial agents is contagious person to person?

Pneumonic plague

The first thing you should do for a sulfur mustard casualty is:

Rapid decontamination

When conducting a medical assessment, what status is checked first?

Respiratory status

A patient is exhibiting the following symptoms: fever, cough, dyspnea, prominent gastrointestinal symptoms, and absence of buboes. Which form of plague is responsible?

Septicemic

Homeland Security Presidential Directive-5

Serves to enhance the ability of the United States to manage domestic incidents by establishing a single, comprehensive national incident management system. This management system is designed to cover the prevention, preparation, response, and recovery from terrorist attacks, major disasters, and other emergencies. The implementation of such a system would allow all levels of government throughout the nation to work efficiently and effectively together.

Characteristics of ICS

Several important characteristics enhance the effectiveness of ICS: •Common terminology •Expandable modular organization •Consolidated Incident Action Plans (IAPs) •Integrated communications •Limiting the control of individuals to a manageable level (3 to 7; optimal being 5) •Designated incident facilities •Comprehensive resource management

When providing disaster mental health support, which of the following is NOT a challenge in gaining access and acceptance?

Similar cultural values

patient presents to the hospital. He has been feeling ill since his return from safari in Africa a few days ago. He exhibits symptoms of fever, mild hypotension, flushing, conjunctival injection, and now a bad rash has appeared that is bleeding in spots. What type of viral infection do you suspect?

Smallpox

__________ triggers a powerful inflammatory response.

Sulfur Mustard

National Response Framework

The purpose of the National Response Framework is to ensure that all response partners across the Nation understand domestic incident response roles, responsibilities, and relationships in order to respond more effectively to any type of an incident.

What is the rationale for the use of all-hazards emergency response planning?

Threats to our communities may be man-made or natural. A disaster resulting from a threat can happen at any time with little or no advance warning. An all-hazards approach to emergency response planning provides a common set of tools that can be used to respond to a variety of disasters.

Which of the follow symptoms of nerve agent should be treated first?

Unconscious or seizing

The immediate concern of chlorine exposure is the effects on the ____?

airways and lungs