Job Design and Job Crafting
Task Identity
Doing a whole, identifiable piece of work start to finish
Personal outcomes of the job characteristics model
internal motivation, work performance, job satisfaction, low turnover/absences
Skill Variety
Being challenged to develop and use a range of skills
Job Design
The way employee's work is structured and executed
Autonomy
Discretion in decisions about what/when/how to do the work
Task Identity
Forming natural work units/teams improves this core dimension
Task Significance
Having an impact on the well being of others
Feedback
Having employees self test quality and providing real time data on the process improves this core dimension
Skill Variety
Multi-Tasking and Cross training improves this core dimension
Key Assumption of Job Design
Performance at work has more to do with how work is designed and managed than personal dispositions of employees
Task significance
Providing employees with client contact and customer feedback improves this core dimension
Autonomy
Setting clear goals but allowing employees to decide when, how, and what they do to reach them improves this core dimension
Job Characteristics Model Core Dimensions
Skill variety, task identity, task significance, autonomy, feedback
Elements of job crafting
Task crafting, cognitive crafting, relational crafting
Outcome Responsibility
This psychological state is created by the dimension of autonomy
Experienced Meaningfulness
This psychological state is created by the dimensions of skill variety, task identity, and task significance
Knowledge of Results
This psychological states is created by the dimension of feedback
Scientific Management
This term which Frederick Taylor created describes a management system of planned work focusing on improving efficiency. Workers received rewards and punishments based on their work. An example is "fordism" and the assembly line
Job Crafting
Using and altering elements of the job to make work more engaging and fulfilling. Changing formal design to better fit motives, strengths, passions.
Feedback
Work itself provides info about effectiveness and performance