Josh Madakor Virtualization
In virtualization technology, a software program that manages multiple operating systems (or multiple instances of the same operating system) on a single computer system is known as: A) Hypervisor B) Virtual switch C) Host machine D) Virtual machine
A
Which of the terms listed below refers to a solution that allows multiple operating systems to work simultaneously on the same hardware? A) Virtualization B) Clustering C) Hyperthreading D) Multitasking
A
IoT as a Service (IoTaaS)
A "pay as you go" service for IoT devices, so you only use the devices and resources you need at the time. IoTaaS is great for scenarios where there are sudden spikes in customer need and you need to quickly set up and tear down resources and don't want to incur costs for devices you only need for a short period of time.
In a persistent VDI: (Select 2 answers) A) Each user runs their own copy of virtual desktop B) At the end of a session, user desktop reverts to its original state C) Virtual desktop is shared among multiple users D) At the end of a session, user data and personal settings are saved
A & D
Which of the answers listed below describe the characteristics of a non-persistent VDI? (Select 2 answers) A) At the end of a session, user desktop reverts to its original state B) Each user runs their own copy of virtual desktop C) At the end of a session, user data and personal settings are saved D) Virtual desktop is shared among multiple users
A & D
Which of the following statements describe disadvantages of virtualization? (Select 2 answers) A) Multiple virtual machines run on a single host share hardware resources which has a degrading effect on performance B) In a virtualized environment, deployment of different types of OSs or multiple copies of the same OS or application becomes more difficult due to hardware configuration issues C) On a larger scale, virtualization has a negative effect on operational costs due to increased power supply requirements D) Hardware used for hosting virtual machines becomes a single point of failure
A & D
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
A cloud service in which consumers can install and run their own specialized applications on the cloud computing network.
Knowledge as a Service ( KaaS)
A computing service that delivers knowledge—which is data with context—to users, as opposed to just data or information.
FaaS Framework as a Service
A service offering that falls between Software as a Service and Platform as a Service—it's a software framework that provides a customizable foundation for developing apps or systems. It's not a finished product like SaaS, but it requires less work to implement than a PaaS system.
In a virtualized environment, what technology is used to run the virtual machines? A) Hypervisor B) Sandbox C) vHost D) Virtual Host Machine (VHM)
A) In virtual computing the Hypervisor is the component that manages and runs the virtual machines. It can be a software running on top of a host operating system or can be a hardware/firmware component that runs without the need for a host operating system.
What is the name of the native hypervisor found on Windows 10 Pro and higher operating systems? You selected this option A) Hyper-V B) None of these options C) ESXi D) LXD
A) Hyper-V is a native hypervisor installed onto some Windows 10 and Windows Server operating systems. It is important to note that Hyper-V is not supported on Windows 10 Home. LXD is a hypervisor that runs on Linux operating systems and ESXi is a proprietary hypervisor from VMWare that runs directly on a host machine (bare metal) without the need for a host operating system.
Which of the following options is synonymous with the term Hypervisor? A) Virtual Machine Monitor (VMM) B) Hyper Host Manager (HHM) C) Sandbox D) gSphere
A) Hypervisor may also be referred to as the Virtual Machine Monitor or Virtual Machine Manager.
Which of the following is NOT a BUSINESS benefit of cloud computing? A) Virtually infinite scalability of infrastructure B) Moving from Capital Expenditures to Operational Expenditures C) Potential for improved service quality D) Cost reduction
A) Scalable infrastructure is a technical benefit and not a business benefit of cloud computing. Of course this is still indirectly beneficial to a business, but most non-IT department personnel at a business will not know what scalable infrastructure means. It is important to be able to explain the business and technical benefits of different computing options based on your audience.
For best performance, a custom workstation designed for virtualization tasks needs: (Select 3 answers) A) Large, fast hard drive B) Maximum RAM C) Specialized GPU D) High-end cooling E) Maximum CPU cores
A,B, D
Cloud as a Service (CaaS)
Also known as "cloud services," CaaS is an all-in-one service offering that combines Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, and Software as a Service technologies in one subscription.
A set of Intel CPU HAV enhancements is called: A) EPV B) VT-x C) Catalyst D) Hyper-V
B
Which of the following is an example of on-premises VDI solution? A) Software as a Service (SaaS) B) Local server hosting virtualized OS C) Desktop as a Service (DaaS) D) Remote server hosting virtualized OS
B
A Data Scientist at work has come to you stating they need several very large servers in order to conduct an analysis of historical customer data. They will need the servers for about 24 hours, after which they will only need the results of the analysis saved to a file service. What benefit of cloud computing is relevant to this scenario? A) Resource Pooling B) On-demand infrastructure C) IaaS D) Virtualization
B) Cloud computing offers on-demand infrastructure for ad-hoc requests like this, which makes it a great fit for the use case given. In a traditional data center you may not have the large servers needed, they may be in-use by another team or system, or you may not be able to afford the large servers required. With Cloud Computing you can get the servers necessary on demand and delete them when you are finished (backing up the results elsewhere before deleting).
You are the only IT employee for a small startup. You need to provide email address to all employees at the startup as soon as possible and with minimal effort. What type of cloud model is best suited to this situation? A) IaaS B) SaaS C) DaaS D) PaaS
B) Software as a Service (SaaS) is a cloud model focused on provide a specific functionality to it's users without those customers needing to worry about infrastructure, networking, configuring servers, etc. Most internet based services fall into the SaaS category. Examples of email SaaS providers are Google Gmail, Yahoo Mail, Hotmail.com and Outlook.com.
When reviewing different cloud models and vendors the security team at your employer suggests the company opt for a private cloud vendor. They state that because public cloud vendors place multiple customers data and computing resources on the same physical infrastructure there is a higher security risk. What term is the security team referencing? A) Hybrid infrastructure B) Resource Pooling C) Separation of concerns D)Virtualization
B) The security team is referencing Resource Pooling. Cloud vendors use resource pooling to maximize efficiency and minimize the cost of their infrastructure. Instead of buying lots of small servers and giving customers access, they create pools of infrastructure using large servers. Using virtualization the large servers are divided up into smaller chunks and assigned to customers based on their computing requirements. This means it is likely that in a public cloud you have your own virtual resources, but those virtual resources are sharing the same physical resources as other customers of the cloud vendor.
What special operating system level configuration is necessary when running Windows 10 as a virtual machine? You selected this option A) Install Windows 10 using HyperHost mode B) No special configuration is needed C) Windows 10 does not support installation as a virtual machine D) Install the Microsoft Generic Processor (MGP) driver
B) There is no special configuration needed when using Windows 10 inside of a virtual machine. Hypervisors provide virtual resources (CPU, Memory, etc.) that appears the same as physical hardware allowing operating systems to be installed and run exactly as they would on physical hosts.
BaaS (Backend as a Service)
Backend cloud storage and processing for faster application development. Helps developers focus on their app's features instead of spending time wondering how to scale.
Which of the following answers refers to a cloud-based VDI service? A) IaaS B) PaaS C) DaaS D) SaaS
C
Your employer has a large team of developers that focus on developing an important set of internal business applications. In an effort to speed up time to market of bugfixes and new features you have been asked to find a developer focused cloud platform. What type of cloud computing model has a focus on software development? A) SaaS B) IaaS C) PaaS D) DaaS
C) A Platform as a Service (PaaS) is a cloud model that focuses on simplifying software delivery. A PaaS will try to automate everything but the software development itself, including the creation of application servers, configuration of those servers, network setup and possibly even creation of additional services like databases or file storage servers. The ultimate goal of a PaaS is to be so simple a developer can upload their code and it will run without the need of specialized IT operations teams to install, configure, monitor, etc. the application.
Which of the following is NOT a benefit of using Cloud Infrastructure? A) Cloud Infrastructure provides elasticity and rapid scalability based on demand B) Pay-as-you-go model requires a lower upfront investment for large amounts of infrastructure C)The Cloud Provider will handle security on your behalf D)Cloud Providers offer simple to use versions of complex technology that usually requires specialized technicians
C) Cloud Infrastructure, like all infrastructure, still requires special care to ensure it's security. Some of the benefits of Cloud Infrastructure are the pay-as-you-go model (usually per second or per minute billing), flexibility to create and delete servers on demand or automatically and the ease of provisioning complex services like database clusters without highly specialized experts.
What component helps ensure network traffic between virtual machines on the same physical host remains separate? a) TPM You selected this option b) NIDS You selected this option c) Virtual NIC You selected this option d) Resource Pool
C) Each virtual host is going to have one or more Virtual Network Interface Cards (NIC). These Virtual NICs are used to route traffic to each virtual host without sending network traffic to all hosts on a server. This is important because cloud providers typically place many customer's virtual servers on the same physical server (Resource Pooling).
Which option supports Hardware-Assisted Virtualization (HAV)? A) Hyper-V B) HAL C) VT-x D) geForce-V
C) VT-x is a technology from Intel that allows Hardware Assisted Virtualization (HAV). HAV enables virtual hosts to use processors directly in an isolated manor.
our CIO has asked you to investigate cloud computing vendors. You have been tasked to find vendors that offer virtual servers on demand and allow administrative access to the servers so they can be configured with your employer's software as needed. Which cloud model is your CIO looking for? A) PaaS B) SaaS C) IaaS D) RaaS
C) Your CIO is looking for Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS). This model aims to automate the provisioning and creation of infrastructure like physical servers, networks and virtual machines. Most commonly an IaaS vendor will provide a virtual machine with a pre-installed operating system and provide access to you to configure based on your needs.
Which of the following is considered best practice for securing a virtual machine? A) Allowing all traffic through the virtual machine's firewall B) Installing anti-virus software on the host operating system C) Installing anti-virus software on the virtual machine D) Disabling the virtual machine's firewall
Correct Choice: B and C Explanation: Installing anti-virus software on the host operating system and the virtual machine will help to protect it against malicious software and other security threats. It is considered a best practice to install anti-virus software on the virtual machine, just as it is on a physical machine.
How can access to a virtual machine be restricted? A) By disabling the firewall on the host operating system B) By disabling the firewall on the virtual machine C) By configuring the virtual machine's network settings to only allow access from specific IP addresses D) By installing a password on the virtual machine
Correct Choice: C Explanation: One way to restrict access to a virtual machine is to configure its network settings so that it only allows connections from specific IP addresses. This can be done by creating a firewall rule or by configuring the virtual machine's virtual network adapter settings.
Which of the following resources is NOT typically required for a virtual machine? A) CPU B) RAM C) Storage D) DVD drive
Correct Choice: D Explanation: A virtual machine does not require a physical DVD drive as it can use virtualized DVD drive or ISO image file to install and run the operating system.
What is the minimum storage capacity required for a virtual machine? A) 50GB B) 100GB C) 200GB D) It depends on the operating system and the number of applications installed
Correct Choice: D Explanation: The storage requirement for a virtual machine depends on the operating system and the number of applications installed on it. A minimal installation of the operating system may require less storage capacity than one with many applications and data files. In general for windows operating system, it is atleast 50GB and for Linux it is around 30-40 GB)
How does PaaS differ from SaaS? A) PaaS provides development tools while SaaS provides applications B) PaaS provides infrastructure while SaaS provides tools C) PaaS provides application management while SaaS provides storage D) PaaS provides scaling while SaaS provides data management
Correct answer: A Explanation: PaaS and SaaS are different layers of the cloud computing stack, SaaS provides applications that can be accessed over the internet, it also provides the necessary tools and support for data management and scalability, PaaS provides developers with tools and services to build and deploy custom-built applications, without the need to manage the underlying infrastructure. SaaS is a complete solution for end-users, PaaS is a tool for developers to build and deploy applications
What type of application is most suited for PaaS? A) Custom-built applications B) Legacy applications C) Proprietary applications D) Off-the-shelf applications
Correct answer: A Explanation: PaaS is most suited for custom-built applications, as it offers a wide range of development tools and services that allow developers to create and deploy new applications quickly and efficiently. PaaS is also suitable for developers who are building new applications with latest technologies as it provides them with up-to-date tools to develop on.
What does PaaS stand for in the context of cloud computing? A) Platform as a Service B) Processing as a Service C) Performance as a Service D) Power as a Service
Correct answer: A Explanation: PaaS stands for Platform as a Service, it refers to a cloud computing service model where the cloud provider offers a platform that allows customers to develop, run and manage their applications, without the complexity of building and maintaining the infrastructure. PaaS providers typically offer development tools, middleware, databases, and other services that allow developers to focus on building and deploying their applications, instead of managing the underlying infrastructure.
What is the primary purpose of a virtual machine? A) To run multiple operating systems on a single physical machine B) To improve system performance C) To reduce hardware costs D) To increase storage capacity
Correct answer: A Explanation: The primary purpose of a virtual machine is to run multiple operating systems on a single physical machine. This allows users to run different operating systems or different versions of the same operating system, simultaneously and independently on the same physical hardware. This enables organizations to use their existing hardware more efficiently and to run multiple applications on a single server.
What is the purpose of virtual machine (VM) sandboxing? A) To create a secure environment for testing new software B) To improve the performance of the host machine C) To increase the number of users who can access the host machine D) To prevent unauthorized access to the host machine
Correct answer: A Explanation: VM sandboxing is a technique used to create a virtual environment in which new or untested software can be run without risking damage to the host machine. This allows users to test and evaluate software in a secure and isolated environment, without the risk of it affecting the stability or security of the host machine.
What is the primary benefit of using cloud PaaS? A) Cost savings B) Flexibility C) Security D) Scalability
Correct answer: B Explanation: Flexibility is the primary benefit of using cloud PaaS. PaaS provides developers with the tools and services they need to build, test and deploy custom-built applications quickly and efficiently. PaaS allows developers to focus on the application logic and business logic, rather than the underlying infrastructure, this leads to faster time-to-market and ability to scale the application on-demand. PaaS also offers a range of development tools and services, it provides many programming languages, libraries and frameworks that can be used to build applications. In this way, PaaS allows developers to use their preferred tools and technologies, making their work more efficient and effective.
What is the ability of a cloud system to automatically provision and de-provision resources in response to changes in demand? A) High availability B) Rapid elasticity C) Shared resources D) File synchronization
Correct answer: B Explanation: Rapid elasticity is the ability of a cloud system to automatically provision and de-provision resources in response to changes in demand. This feature enables the cloud system to scale up or down resources as required, allowing customers to quickly and easily adjust their capacity based on current usage and requirements. This feature is one of the key benefits of cloud computing, it allows customers to optimize their resource usage and costs.
What is the main difference between a public cloud and a private cloud? A) Physical location B) Ownership C) Accessibility D) Scalability
Correct answer: B Explanation: The main difference between a public cloud and a private cloud is ownership. Public clouds are owned and operated by a third-party provider, such as Amazon Web Services or Microsoft Azure. Private clouds, on the other hand, are owned and operated by the organization that uses them, and they are typically housed within the organization's own data center.
What is the main benefit of application virtualization? A) It allows multiple applications to run on the same machine B) It improves the performance of the host machine C) It allows for easier deployment and management of applications D) It improves the security of the host machine
Correct answer: C Explanation: Application virtualization is a technology that allows for the deployment and management of applications in a virtualized environment. It allows applications to be run in an isolated environment on a single machine, allowing for easier deployment and management of the application without having to worry about conflicts with other applications or operating systems.
What type of organization typically uses a community cloud? A) Non-profit organizations B) Healthcare providers C) Government agencies D) All of the above
Correct answer: C Explanation: Community clouds are typically used by organizations with similar requirements and regulations, such as government agencies or healthcare providers, that need to share resources and collaborate on projects. This type of cloud allows these organizations to share the infrastructure and costs, while still maintaining control over their
What is the most common type of desktop virtualization? A) Remote Desktop Services B) Virtual Machine C) Virtual Desktop Infrastructure (VDI) D) Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP)
Correct answer: C Explanation: Virtual Desktop Infrastructure (VDI) is the most common type of desktop virtualization. VDI allows multiple users to access a single virtualized desktop, running on a centralized server. This allows IT administrators to better manage and secure the corporate data and user access to the corporate resources. Additionally, it enables users to access their virtualized desktops from any device, from anywhere, at any time, making them more mobile.
What is the primary benefit of virtualization when dealing with legacy software? A) Allows multiple instances of the same software to be run on the same machine B) Improves the performance of the legacy software C) Allows legacy software to run on newer operating systems D) Enhances the security of legacy software
Correct answer: C Explanation: Virtualization allows legacy software to run on newer operating systems by creating a virtual environment that mimics the operating system and hardware that the legacy software was designed to run on. This allows users to continue using older software that may not be compatible with newer operating systems, without having to invest in new hardware or worry about compatibility issues.
Which of the following is a common method of application virtualization? A) Virtual Machine Sandboxing B) Remote Desktop Services C) Terminal Services D) Application Streaming
Correct answer: D Explanation: Application streaming is a common method of application virtualization. It allows users to run an application on a remote server and stream the application's user interface and data to the user's local machine, giving the user the appearance of running the application locally. This allows for easy access to applications from anywhere and also reduces the burden on the user's local machine.
How does cloud computing providers charge for the services they offer? A) Flat rate B) Hourly rate C) Monthly rate D) Metered utilization
Correct answer: D Explanation: Cloud computing providers charge for the services they offer based on metered utilization, it means that customers only pay for the resources they actually use, this is different from traditional IT where customers would have to purchase resources upfront regardless of whether they were using them or not. This metered utilization model allows customers to scale their resources up or down as needed, which can lead to cost savings.
What is the benefit of running multiple virtual machines on a single physical machine? A) Improved security B) Increased scalability C) Enhanced mobility D) Resource utilization
Correct answer: D Explanation: One of the benefits of running multiple virtual machines on a single physical machine is improved resource utilization. Virtual machines allow multiple operating systems and applications to share the resources of a single physical machine, thus allowing organizations to maximize the use of their existing hardware resources. This can lead to cost savings on hardware expenses, as well as better resource allocation, thus improving the overall efficiency of the organization.
What is the main benefit of using desktop virtualization? A) Improved security B) Increased scalability C) Enhanced mobility D) All of the above
Correct answer: D Explanation: The main benefits of using desktop virtualization are improved security, increased scalability and enhanced mobility. Virtualization allows for the creation of virtualized environments where desktops and applications can be run independently of the underlying hardware. This allows IT administrators to better manage and secure the corporate data and user access to the corporate resources. Additionally, it enables users to access their virtualized desktops from any device, from anywhere, at any time, making them more mobile.
How does virtual machine sandboxing achieve isolation from the host machine? A) By using a separate operating system for the sandboxed VM B) By using a separate network for the sandboxed VM C) By using a separate storage device for the sandboxed VM D) By using a combination of the above methods
Correct answer: D Explanation: VM sandboxing achieves isolation by creating a virtual environment that is separate and distinct from the host machine. This is typically achieved by using a combination of methods, such as running a separate operating system within the sandboxed VM, creating a separate network for the sandboxed VM to communicate on, and using separate storage devices for the sandboxed VM.
What is a disadvantage of using virtual machine sandboxing? A) It can slow down the host machine B) It can be difficult to set up and configure C) It can be more expensive than traditional testing methods D) All of the above
Correct answer: D Explanation: Virtual machine sandboxing has some disadvantages, such as it can slow down the host machine because it requires additional resources like RAM and CPU. It can be difficult to set up and configure as it requires expertise and special software. And it can be more expensive as it may require additional hardware or cloud-based resources. All of the above are disadvantage of using Virtual machine Sandboxing
What is an example of a virtualization technology that can be used to run legacy software? A) Virtual Machine Sandboxing B) Remote Desktop Services C) Terminal Services D) Windows XP Mode
Correct answer: D Explanation: Windows XP Mode is an example of a virtualization technology that can be used to run legacy software. It allows users to run older software that may not be compatible with newer versions of Windows on Windows 7 by creating a virtual environment that mimics the operating system and hardware that the legacy software was designed to run on. This allows users to continue using older software that may not be compatible with newer operating systems, without having to invest in new hardware or worry about compatibility issues.
Which of the answers listed below refers to HAV enhancements developed by AMD for its CPUs? A) Hyper-V B) AMD Catalyst C) VT-x D) AMD-V
D
Disaster Recovery as a Service (DRaaS)
DRaaS, or Disaster Recovery as a Service, is a model that allows organizations to back up data and IT infrastructure in a third party environment. Users of DRaaS are able to regain access to their stored information and functionality after a disaster
True or false: > It is not possible to install a server operating system in a hypervisor running on a desktop operating system
False
Hardware as a Service (HaaS)
Firm develops its own software and then runs it over the Internet on a service provider's computers
EaaS (Test) Environment as a Service
Going further than virtual machines or containers, provides test management, test case development, and test execution.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service) allows clients, usually enterprises, to rent or lease servers for storage, networking, or virtualization purposes. Users of IaaS services are able to run any operating system or applications on the rented servers, but avoid paying the fees associated with installation and maintenance for on-premise IT infrastructure.
Unified Communications as a Service (UaaS)
Managed and hosted communications channels. VoIP, instant messaging, LinkedIn, Skype, phones, Wi-Fi, social media... new communication channels appear at ever-shorter intervals and businesses struggle to keep their networks organized, secure, and efficient. Unified communications aaS vendors take care of all the hardware and software while guaranteeing a level of quality.
Network as a Service (NaaS)
Network as a Service (NaaS) is a cloud computing model offered by many telecom providers provided on demand in a pay as- you-go model. OpenStack is the open source NaaS project.
Virtualization as a Service (VaaS)
One distant server, many accessible virtual machines. Ten years ago, turning one physical server into several virtual machines was a groundbreaking way to fully use server capacity and free up physical space. Today, it can be done via the cloud.
(IT) Security as a Service (Saas)
Outsourced management of a company's network security and data regulation/compliance to a third party—like an MSSP (managed security service provider).
Location as a Service (LaaS)
Retail (and other) companies sit on an enormous quantity of customer location data without the tools to pull business insight from it. Location aaS lets them rent high quality location data analysis.
Software as a Service (SaaS)
Software that is owned, delivered, and managed remotely and delivered over the Internet to contracted customers on a pay-for-use basis or as a subscription based on use metrics.
Many hypervisors require special CPU features. TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
Monitoring as a Service (MaaS)
The use of a third party to provide security monitoring services.
Operations as a Service (OaaS)
Third-party services that help businesses design, build, maintain, and monitor the IT infrastructure of their dreams. A new name for a managed service you've likely been offering for years.
The term "VM sprawl" is used to describe a situation in which large number of deployed virtual machines lack proper administrative controls. True False
True
Workspace as a Service ( WaaS)
Virtual desktop environments. Just log in to access your office desktop, exactly as you like it, with all the business data and applications you need, from any device you choose.
Ransomware as a Service (RaaS)
a subscription-based malicious model that enables even novice cybercriminals to launch ransomware attacks without much difficulty.
What is the main benefit of using a hybrid cloud? A) Cost savings B) Flexibility C) Security D) Scalability
b
The term "VM escape" refers to the process of breaking out of the boundaries of a guest operating system installation to access the primary hypervisor controlling all the virtual machines on the host machine. True False
true
