Kin 318 Ch. 3 Theories and Models of Exercise Behavior 1

Vicarious Experiences

"modeling, and imagery."- involve one individual viewing the performance of a behavior by another individual

Model

A visual representation of a phenomenon or behavior. Doesnt always include why a phenomenon occurred!

Importance of Theories

Allos us to better understand and predict physical activity behavior, give us a scientifically validated bluepring from which to formulate effectivce behavioral interventions, and enable us to organize exercise behavior variables in a coherent manner.

Global Motivation

Degree of motivation experienced across most behavioral domains.

Theory of Reasoned Action

Designed to predict single-instance behavior. Related to intention: Attitudes and Strength of the relationship between intention and behavior weakens with longer time periods.

integrated Regulation

Engaging in a behavior to confirm one's sense of self

intervention techniques

Enhances perceived behavioral control. Promote a sense of personal control over one's exercise behavior. Allow exercisers some input when desiging their physical activity program.

Theory

Explains why a behavior or phenomenon occurrs. can be repressed on a graph.

Exercise interventions

Focus on increasing the strength of ones intentions to exercise.

Self Efficacy Theory

Focuses on extent to which the individual feels she woll be successful in performing the desired behavior, given the abilitiess she posesses and the uniques situation in which she finds herself. its a " situations specific" form of self confidence.( A person may intend to be physically active but external forces may prevent him/her from engaging in exercise-or-vice versa.)

Exercise Techniques

Improve intention: Serve to improve one's attitude toward exercise. and cause the individual to feel external pressure to exercise.

Self Determination Theory

Individuals seek challenges that will satisfy at lease 1/3 psychological needs.( need for self determination, a need to demonstrate competence, and a need for relatedness.

Situational Motivation

Motivation experienced in a particular activity at a specific point in time.

Contextual Motivation

Motivation experienced in a particular context; relatively stable

Intrinsic

Motivation that emanates from within is _____ ( Fun, sense of challense, Personal improvement.)

Extrinsic

Motivation that is limited by a force outside the individual is______( health, social recognition/ phrase, tangible reinforcers.)

Social Cognitive Approach

Psychological approach that views exercise behavior as being influenced by human cognition(beliefs, expectations, intensions, attitudes.) and external stimuli( social pressures/ experiences.).

Theory of Planned behavior

Refers to the degree of personal control the individuals feels that he or she has over the behavior. It accounts for the many potential barriers to exercise.

Expectancy Value Theories

Self- Efficacy Theory, Theory of Reasoned Action, Theory of Planned Behavior, and Self- Determination Theory.

Expectancy -Value & Exercise Behavior

Value= High Expected outcome = inability to exercise - Failure to adopt. Value= Low, Expected outcome= ability to exercise-- Failure to adopt...... Value= low, Expected out come= inability to adopt, Value= high, expected outcome= ability to maintain exercise-SUCCESSFUL ADOPTION

Subjective Norm

a construct that focuses on the degree to which the individual feels social pressure to preform a behavior.9(HUGE WITH Theory of reasoned action)

Amotivation

absense of motivation or lack of intention to engage in a behavior

Past Performance Accomplishments

an individuals perception of degree of success, having previously engaged in similar activities.

identified regulation

bahavior that is motivated by personal goals

Introjected regulation

behavior that is dictated by self-imposed pressure

Social Persuasion

concerns verbal and nonverbal tactics used by others in an attempt to increase a person's self efficacy

4 Regulations of Extrinsic Motivation

integrated regulation, identified, introjected, and external regulation

Affective State

positive and negative emotions influences on self eficacy

Attitude

positive of negative thoughts concerning the behavior.

Phsyiological State

rapid heart rate that causes a cardiac rehabilitation patient to doubt whether she is capable of successfully engaging in a bout of exercise. Feelings of pain or fatigue,

Limitations Of Self- Efficacy

theory is predictive of behavior only when the behavior is challenging or novel. Influenc is reduced as exercise becomes HABITUAL or well-learned

External Regulation

to obtain external reward for behavior.

Motivation

we mean the degree of determination,drive, or desire with which an individual approaches (avoids) a behavior. Direction and intensity of ones effort.