Kin 336 Exam ch. 1,3,5,6,7,8
On a 2,500 calorie per day diet, the total grams of fat that should be consumed are approximately: A) 80 g B) 110 g C) 160 g D) 250 g
A) 80 g fat recommendation: 30% of daily caloric intake
Which type of resistance training tends to produce the greatest delayed-onset muscle soreness? A) Dynamic eccentric B) Dynamic concentric C) Isokinetic D) Isometric
A) Dynamic eccentric
True or false? Medical Fitness Centers (MFCs) are likely to keep on experiencing continued growth, reaching 1,435 centers by 2015.
A) True
1. True or false? Research studies have proved the benefits of creatine monohydrate supplementation to improve aerobic endurance.
False
True or false? An example of a "closed chain" movement extension exercise on a machine.
False
True or false? An individual who has developed a plan of action toward a behavior change and will be making changes within the upcoming month is in the contemplation stage.
False
True or false? Beating oneself up with negative thoughts can be a powerful motivator for behavior change.
False
True or false? Protein should represent approximately 50% of a male athlete's daily caloric intake.
False (10-35%)
Creatine phosphate stored in the muscle provides ATP for approximately _______ seconds of strenuous exercise. A) 1 to 3 seconds B) 5 to 10 seconds C) 20 to 30 seconds D) 1 to 2 minutes
B) 5 to 10 seconds
The term "dorsal" refers to what area of the body? A) Front of the body B) Back of the body C) Head area D) Waist area and below
B) Back of the body
The shoulder, the most freely moveable joint in the body, is a _______. A) Hinge joint B) Ball-and-socket joint C) Bicondylar joint D) Ellipsoidal joint
B) Ball-and-socket joint
Which of the following hamstring muscles acts only on the knee joint? A) Biceps femoris long head B) Biceps femoris short head C) Semimembranosus D) Semitendinosus
B) Biceps femoris short head
The major muscle of respiration is (are) the: A) Intercostals B) Diaphragm C) External obliques D) Internal obliques
B) Diaphragm
True or false? The ACSM Certified Personal Trainer must have a minimum of a bachelor's degree.
B) False
Upon being certified by the ACSM, a Personal Trainer: A) Cannot be stripped of his or her certification for the first 2 years B) May share his or her credential status with clients to establish professional qualifications C) Will remain certified as long as he or she attends one professional meeting each year D) Can work with any type of client, regardless of existing or past health or medical conditions
B) May share his or her credential status with clients to establish professional qualifications
Which is a description of the term "adduction"? A) Movement resulting in a decrease in joint angle B) Movement toward the midline of the body C) Movement resulting in an increase in the joint angle D) Movement away from the midline of the body
B) Movement toward the midline of the body
All of the following are major goals of worksite health promotion except: A) Reduce modifiable risk factors B) Provide recreational opportunities for employees C) Improve a person's overall health status D) Reduce demand for health care costs
B) Provide recreational opportunities for employees
Following a period of cardiovascular training, which of the following measures tends to decrease? A) Maximal oxygen consumption B) Resting heart rate C) Maximal cardiac output D) Maximal blood lactate
B) Resting heart rate
The "growth plate" is common term for the: A) Shaft of a long bone B) Cancellous or spongy bone C) Epiphyseal plate D) Trabeculae
C) Epiphyseal plate
Which muscle is one of the four muscles classified as a "rotator cuff" muscle? A) Teres major B) Deltoid C) Subscapularis D) Pectoralis major
C) Subscapularis
The portion of the autonomic nervous system which stimulates visceral activities under stressful conditions is the A) Somatic pathway B) Parasympathetic pathway C) Sympathetic pathway D) Afferent pathway
C) Sympathetic pathway
The most common type of joint in the human body, containing a fibrous articular capsule and inner membrane that encloses the joint cavity, is called: A) Synarthrodial joint B) Amphiarthrodial joint C) Synovial joint D) Fibrocartilaginous joint
C) Synovial joint
A control group in which the subjects do not receive the experimental treatment until after it has been found effective in the experimental group is referred to as: A) Delayed satisfaction group B) Randomized group C) Wait-list control group D) Intervention factor group
C) Wait-list control group
The acronym WHP stands for: A) Worker health programs B) With high probability C) Worksite health promotion D) Work-related healthy production
C) Worksite health promotion
Which of the following is NOT one of the responsibilities ACSM certified professionals have to the public? A) Provide exercise information in a manner than is consistent with evidence-based science B) Attempt to sell clients ergogenic aids as fitting to the client, such as nutritional supplements, exercise equipment, or clothing C) Respect the rights of clients, colleagues, and health care professionals D) Keep client information confidential, not to be communicated to a third party without the client's written consent or as required by law
B) Attempt to sell clients ergogenic aids as fitting to the client, such as nutritional supplements, exercise equipment, or clothing
According to the Health Belief Model, the main predictors of behavior change include all of the following EXCEPT: A) Perceived seriousness of a potential health problem B) Being able to state the prevalence rates of various diseases in a given population C) One's susceptibility to potential health consequences D) The belief that making the suggested behavior changes will result in decreased risk of consequences
B) Being able to state the prevalence rates of various diseases in a given population
All of the following are goals for the preexercise meal EXCEPT: A) Preventing feelings of hunger B) Consuming foods high in fiber C) Consuming enough fluids to be fully hydrated D) Consuming only familiar foods
B) Consuming foods high in fiber
All of the following are true statements regarding dietary fat EXCEPT: A) Fats are an excellent source of energy. B) Consumption of dietary fat should be limited to avoid increases in body fat. C) Fat helps with satiety or a feeling of fullness. D) Fat is the carrier of many vitamins.
B) Consumption of dietary fat should be limited to avoid increases in body fat.
True or false? After achieving the ACSM Certified Personal Trainer certification, the fitness professional does not need to pursue any continuing education.
B) False
All of the following are benefits of optimal hydration EXCEPT: A) A less pronounced increase in heart rate B) Increase in net muscle glycogen usage C) Maintenance of better blood volume D) Improvement in cardiac output and stroke volume
B) Increase in net muscle glycogen usage
An action taken to help someone change his/her behavior is called a/an: A) Construct B) Intervention C) Control variable D) Covariate
B) Intervention
All of the following are examples of not-for-profit organizations with fitness centers EXCEPT: A) Jewish Community Centers (JCCs) B) Locally owned fitness franchises C) Young Men's Christian Associations (YMCAs) D) Municipal and military fitness facilities
B) Locally owned fitness franchises
All of the following are benefits of remaining in caloric balance throughout the day EXCEPT: A) Better glucose tolerance B) Lower metabolic rate C) Lower stress hormone production D) Maintenance of muscle mass
B) Lower metabolic rate
The design of the heart's electrical conduction allows for: A) Contraction of all chambers at the same time B) Near simultaneous contraction of left and right ventricles C) Contraction of the ventricles prior to contraction of the atria D) Contraction of the right side of the heart prior to the left side of the heart
B) Near simultaneous contraction of left and right ventricles
The ACSM American Fitness Index (AFI) is a (an): A) Screening tool used by Personal Trainers to stratify clients into cardiovascular risk categories B) Program to help cities understand how their residents' health compares to other cities nationwide C) Self-test that clients use to rate their fitness relative to others in their age group D) Initiative for individuals to self-screen their own fitness levels
B) Program to help cities understand how their residents' health compares to other
Which of the following best describes blood flow through the body, starting in the right atrium? A) Right atrium; left atrium; lungs; right ventricle; left ventricle; body B) Right atrium; right ventricle; lungs; left atrium; left ventricle; body C) Right atrium; right ventricle; body; left atrium; left ventricle; lungs D) Right atrium; left atrium; body; left ventricle; right ventricle; body
B) Right atrium; right ventricle; lungs; left atrium; left ventricle; body
Muscle contraction is due to the interaction of actin and myosin, which shortens the length of the: A) Endomysium B) Sarcomere C) Fasciculus D) Sarcolemma
B) Sarcomere
Which of the following does NOT help to extend the knee: A) Rectus femoris B) Sartorius C) Vastus medialis D) Vastus lateralis
B) Sartorius
Which aspect of a successful goal is missing from this client's goal? "I will exercise by walking my dog around my neighborhood on Monday, Wednesday, and Friday." A) The goal is not focused on an activity done with the Personal Trainer. B) The goal is missing specificity regarding the time spent walking. C) The goal is not strenuous enough to be of much benefit. D) The goal is not very realistic.
B) The goal is missing specificity regarding the time spent walking.
The _______ valve controls the flow of blood between the right atrium to the right ventricle. A) Mitral B) Tricuspid C) Aortic D) Pulmonary
B) Tricuspid
All of the following statements about the water-soluble vitamins are accurate EXCEPT: A) Water-soluble vitamin deficiency is relatively rare. B) Water-soluble vitamins are stored in the kidneys. C) Water-soluble vitamins have a lower risk of toxicity than fat-soluble vitamins. D) Good quality carbohydrate foods also provide B vitamins.
B) Water-soluble vitamins are stored in the kidneys.
19. After training and competition, an athlete should drink _______ of water for every _______ of weight loss. A) 1 pint (600 mL); 1 lb (0.5 kg) B) 1 pint (600 mL); 2 lb (1 kg) C) 1 quart (950 mL); 1 lb (0.5 kg) D) 1 quart (950 mL); 2 lb (1 kg)
A) 1 pint (600 mL); 1 lb (0.5 kg)
The valves of the heart help to prevent: A) Backward flow of the blood B) Irregular heart rhythm C) Excessive filling of the chambers D) Blood clotting
A) Backward flow of the blood
Which stage of change would be the LEAST benefited by the behavioral strategy of substituting alternatives? A) Contemplation B) Preparation C) Action D) Maintenance
A) Contemplation
When using the % Daily Value on the food label, what percentage is considered to be "high?" A) 5% B) 10% C) 20% D) 35%
C) 20%
The BEST recommendation for postcompetition nutrient consumption is: A) 200 to 400 calories from carbohydrates, with an additional 200 to 300 calories from protein to enhance carbohydrate absorption B) 200 calories from protein, 200 calories from fat, and 200 calories from carbohydrate, all within several hours C) 200 to 400 calories from carbohydrates, with an additional 200 to 300 calories from carbohydrates within several hours D) 300 to 500 calories from fat, with an additional 200 to 300 calories from carbohydrates within several hours
C) 200 to 400 calories from carbohydrates, with an additional 200 to 300 calories from carbohydrates within several hours
The recommended intake of carbohydrate as a percentage of total caloric intake is: A) 15% to 35% B) 30% to 45% C) 55% to 65% D) 80% to 95%
C) 55% to 65%
In order to achieve strength gains, the tension required is about _______ of the muscle's maximum force. A) 20% to 40% B) 40% to 60% C) 60% to 80% D) 80% to 100%
C) 60% to 80%
Motor units consist of: A) A sensory neuron and corresponding muscle fiber B) A motor neuron and the motor cortex C) A motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it activates D) The cerebellum and the muscle fibers
C) A motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it activates
A client who has been exercising regularly for the last 4 months is in which stage of change? A) Contemplation B) Preparation C) Action D) Maintenance
C) Action
Which of the following would NOT help to build rapport with a client? A) Dress and act professionally B) Empathize with client's feelings C) Avoid eye contact D) Affirm client strengths that you have noted
C) Avoid eye contact
The ACSM Certified Health Fitness Specialist requires a minimum of a/an: A) High school diploma or equivalent B) Associate's degree C) Bachelor's degree D) Master's degree
C) Bachelor's degree
Which of the following muscles is a "two-joint" muscle? A) Vastus medialis B) Brachialis C) Biceps brachii D) Soleus
C) Biceps brachii
Which type of joint is the knee joint? A) Hinge B) Ball-and-socket C) Bicondylar D) Ellipsoidal
C) Bicondylar
What structure lies between the supraspinatus and deltoid tendons and the acromion to allow gliding and cushioning of these structures during shoulder abduction? A) Ligament B) Tendon C) Bursa D) Plexus
C) Bursa
Cardiorespiratory training results in all of the following EXCEPT: A) Increased lactate threshold B) Increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol C) Decreased glucose tolerance D) Decreased fatigue in daily activities
C) Decreased glucose tolerance
What movement occurs at the ankle when the toes are pulled up toward the front of the leg? A) Inversion B) Eversion C) Dorsiflexion D) Plantar flexion
C) Dorsiflexion
When on the road, an athlete should do all of the following EXCEPT the following: A) Order low-fat milkshakes or juices instead of carbonated soda B) Eat thick-crust pizzas with low-fat toppings such as green peppers, mushrooms, and onions C) Eat breads with butter or margarine instead of jelly D) Order broiled or baked foods instead of breaded.
C) Eat breads with butter or margarine instead of jelly
In the human body, the lipoproteins responsible for carrying lipids away from storage and to the liver for metabolism or excretion are: A) VLDL B) LDL C) HDL D) Chylomicrons
C) HDL
Which technique is the LEAST effective way to avoid arguments and reduce resistance with clients? A) Listen B) Emphasize success C) Ignore the resistance D) Present a hypothetical scenario
C) Ignore the resistance
Exercise is Medicine certificate designation is available, with some stipulations/requirements, for: A) Only physicians and other licensed health care providers B) Patients who have completed a treatment program including exercise C) Individuals currently certified by a NCCA accrediting organization D) Anyone with a certification related to fitness or exercise
C) Individuals currently certified by a NCCA accrediting organization
According to IHRSA, the majority of health club members: A) Work in medical fitness facilities B) Are elderly individuals at high risk C) Live within a 10- to 12-minute drive time from home to the club D) Have never exercised before joining the health club
C) Live within a 10- to 12-minute drive time from home to the club
All of the following nutrients provide energy for cellular work EXCEPT: A) Carbohydrates B) Fats C) Minerals D) Protein
C) Minerals
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) data show that ____ of US adults are insufficiently active or totally inactive. A) Less than 20% B) Approximately 30% C) More than half D) Nearly 80%
C) More than half
ACSM Certified Personal Trainer Performance Domains include all of the following EXCEPT: A) Initial client consultation and assessment B) Exercise programming and client education C) Nutritional assessment and dietary/supplement recommendations D) Exercise leadership and client education
C) Nutritional assessment and dietary/supplement recommendations
According to the American Heart Association, what is the number one health concern among US parents?A) Smoking B) Drug use C) Obesity D) Bullying
C) Obesity
What is the most correct statement regarding the use of protein in the diet? A) Protein is the best fuel for exercise. B) Protein supplementation provides, on average, higher-quality amino acids than can be found in foods. C) Protein in the diet can satisfy energy needs if other fuels are inadequate. D) Increased protein intake to at least 2 g per kg body weight along with creatine monohydrate supplementation represents the best choice for the competitive athletes.
C) Protein in the diet can satisfy energy needs if other fuels are inadequate.
ACSM/NCPAD Certified Inclusive Fitness Trainer (CIFT) certification has minimum requirements of: A) Current ACSM certification or current NCCA-accredited, health/fitness-related certification B) Associate's degree plus 300 hours of fitness testing experience under a certified CIFT C) Bachelor's degree plus 500 hours of experience with various populations D) Bachelor's degree plus 100 hours of fitness testing and 100 hours of exercise prescription experience
A) Current ACSM certification or current NCCA-accredited, health/fitness-related certification
Which of the following muscles does NOT cause flexion of the elbow joint? A) Deltoid B) Biceps brachii C) Brachialis D) Brachioradialis
A) Deltoid
Personal Trainers are within their scope of practice performing all of the following nutrition-related tasks EXCEPT: A) Developing meal plans B) Providing publicly available nutrition information to clients C) Working with a dietician to provide support to a client wishing to gain weight D) Discuss fundamentals of nutrition with a client
A) Developing meal plans
In order to lose weight, a person must eat: A) Fewer calories than are burned B) More calories than are burned C) A high carbohydrate diet D) Allow-fat, high-protein diet
A) Fewer calories than are burned
Stroke volume is _______ in trained individuals than in untrained individuals. A) Higher B) Lower C) The same D) Slower
A) Higher
Posterior pelvic tilt results from contraction of: A) Hip extensors and lumbar flexors B) Lateral lumbar muscles and hip abductor-adductor muscles C) Hip flexors and lumbar extensors D) Hip extensors and hip flexors in an uncoordinated fashion
A) Hip extensors and lumbar flexors
During aerobic exercise, systolic blood pressure is expected to _______, while diastolic pressure is expected to _______. A) Increase; remain unchanged or decrease slightly B) Remain unchanged; decrease slightly C) Decrease; increase D) Increase; increase significantly
A) Increase; remain unchanged or decrease slightly
During dynamic exercise, heart rate increases in a(n) _______ fashion with the work rate and oxygen uptake. A) Linear B) Geometric C) Inverse D) Unpredictable
A) Linear
Communication includes verbal as well as ____ elements. A) Nonverbal (visual, kinesthetic) B) Nonunderstandable (confusing/conflicting) C) Intuitive (simply understood) D) Encouraging (showing enthusiasm)
A) Nonverbal (visual, kinesthetic)
In which stage of change will it be MOST important to raise awareness related to the benefits of exercise? A) Precontemplation B) Contemplation C) Postcontemplation D) Preparation
A) Precontemplation
Which of the following is related to strength gains observed with resistance training? A) Reduction in neuromuscular inhibition B) Increased lactic acid production C) Decreased synchronization of motor units D) Reduced neural drive to the muscle
A) Reduction in neuromuscular inhibition
The Goldi tendon organs are responsible for A) Relaxing a muscle when tension on a tendon becomes too great B) Stimulating contracting of antagonist muscles when tension of a muscle becomes too great C) Innervating a muscle when the joint angle unexpectedly changes D) Initiating a stronger muscle action when activated
A) Relaxing a muscle when tension on a tendon becomes too great
Which theory includes the tool of "rolling with resistance?" A) Transtheoretical Model of Change B) Health Belief Model C) Theory of Planned Behavior D) Social Cognitive Theory
A) Transtheoretical Model of Change
True or false? Most legitimate certifications require certified professionals to accumulate CECs and CEUs to recertify.
A) True
True or false? The National Commission for Certifying Agencies (NCCA) is an independent, nongovernmental agency that accredits professional certifications in a variety of professions.
A) True
Which fiber type is selected for activities of low intensity and long duration due to its small size and low recruitment threshold? A) Type I B) Type IIa C) Type IIb D) Type III
A) Type I
Carbohydrates provide _______ kcal per gram. A) 1 B) 4 C) 8 D) 9
B) 4
ACSM Certified Personal Trainers need to obtain ____ CEUs every ____ years, along with a nominal administrative fee to be recertified. A) 10; 2 B) 45; 3 C) 50; 4 D) 100; 10
B) 45; 3
The average adult weighing 80 kg should consume _______ of protein. A) 480 g B) 64 g C) 80 g D) 160 g
B) 64 g weight X .8kg (for protein)
It is likely that an ACSM Certified Personal Trainer would perform any or all of the following tasks EXCEPT: A) Help clients set realistic goals and provide motivation for adherence to the program. B) Analyze clients' diets and use of supplements in order to design nutrition programs for them. C) Maintain records of clients' progress or lack thereof with respect to exercise prescription. D) Supervise or "spot" clients when they are performing exercise movements.
B) Analyze clients' diets and use of supplements in order to design nutrition programs for them.
For the Personal Trainer, the exercise sciences: A) Are not an area of interest for most Personal Trainers practicing in the field B) Are a fundamental component of the Personal Trainer's knowledge C) Include a limited, specific group of college-level courses in gross anatomy, biology, physics, and cognitive psychology D) Are typically understood intuitively and thus are considered to be well-known facts
B) Are a fundamental component of the Personal Trainer's knowledge
All of the following statements regarding ACSM Certified Personal Trainers are true EXCEPT: A) They are subject to the ACSM Committee on Certification and Registry Boards (CCRB) ruling on potential ethical violations. B) They should be committed to ongoing education to improve their skills and continue to meet the growing needs of the general population. C) They are well positioned to help clients from various walks of life and fitness backgrounds achieve their goals. D) They are only subject to regional laws regarding Personal Training scope of practice and liability.
D) They are only subject to regional laws regarding Personal Training scope of practice and liability.
True or false? "SMALL" goals refer to goals that are self-serving, meaningful, activity-oriented, lifestyle-linked, and long-term.
False
True or false? A Q angle that is below normal, or negative, will result in genu valgum position (knock-kneed).
False
True or false? A theory is a set of beliefs that are stable and established.
False
True or false? Clients who are collaborators in making decisions that affect their lifestyle are typically the most dissatisfied and least likely to make lasting behavior change.
False
True or false? Feedback must be in person to be effective.
False
True or false? Plantar fasciitis typically results in pain around the toe area of the foot.
False
True or false? A theory is a framework that describes how and why behavior changes for a given population in a particular setting.
True
True or false? Adults who do not meet public health recommendations for physical activity are twice as likely to regain weight as those who do meet recommendations.
True
True or false? An eco-map can be used to illustrate the various environmental and interpersonal interactions that impact behavior.
True
True or false? Pedometers can be used to provide a more objective measure of physical activity than client recall.
True
True or false? Social Cognitive Theory puts great emphasis on a client's thoughts and feelings.
True
True or false? Sports drinks provide electrolytes, including sodium, and thus may be preferred over water for exercising adults.
True
True or false? Tennis elbow creates lateral elbow pain.
True
True or false? The Small Changes Model is based on the premise that clients will maintain smaller behavior changes more easily and will continue to build upon them over time.
True
True or false? The latissimus dorsi helps with internal rotation of the shoulder.
True
True or false? The muscle attachment located on the bone that moves more and is usually located more distally is called the "insertion."
True
True or false? The storage form of glucose in the body is called glycogen.
True
True or false? Unsolicited advice can put a client on the defensive and increase resistance to changing his/her behavior.
True
True or false? Vitamins B and C are water-soluble vitamins for which the body has limited storage
True
The age group with the lowest rate of regular exercise is: A) 18 to 24 years B) 25 to 44 years C) 45 to 64 years D) 65 years and above
D) 65 years and above
Which blood vessel is the major site of exchange of nutrients between the blood and interstitial fluid? A) Arteries B) Veins C) Venules D) Capillaries
D) Capillaries
Fluid intake recommendations include all of the following EXCEPT: A) Check urine color to ensure it is clear, pale yellow B) Select cool, tasty fluids to enhance consumption C) Select solutions with 6% to 8% carbohydrate and some sodium D) Encourage athletes to drink based on their individual thirst drive
D) Encourage athletes to drink based on their individual thirst drive
Which is the following is TRUE regarding ergogenic aids? A) Ergogenic aids are prescribed to manage sports performance-related nutrition deficiencies. B) Ergogenic aids are rigorously tested for safety prior to appearing on the market. C) Ergogenic aids are required to be tested for their effectiveness using approved scientific methods. D) Ergogenic aids may contain substances not listed on the label.
D) Ergogenic aids may contain substances not listed on the label.
Which of the following is a descriptor associated with "anatomical position"? A) Upper limbs positioned at right angle to the torso B) Head turned with face to the left C) Palms of hands facing downward D) Feet together and facing forward
D) Feet together and facing forward
Based on information from IHRSA and estimates of the US population, the total number of health club members represents ____ of the population.
14%-15%
Stroke volume would be highest in what body position? A) Standing B) Seated C) Bent over at the waist D) Supine
D) Supine
Which of the following joints of the shoulder complex is not a true joint, but rather is a "functional" or "physiological" joint in that it is formed by an articulation between two structures? A) Acromioclavicular joint B) Sternoclavicular joint C) Glenohumeral joint D) Scapulothoracic joint
D) Scapulothoracic joint
Which of the following is TRUE regarding isometric training? A) It is a valuable tool in enhancing functional strength. B) Strength gains are nonspecific to the joint range of motion. C) It has the tendency to acutely lower blood pressure. D) It can produce improvements in strength at specific joint angles.
D) It can produce improvements in strength at specific joint angles.
The Theory of Planned Behavior suggests that a client's level of intent is shaped by all of the following EXCEPT: A) Attitude toward the behavior B) Subjective norms C) Perceived behavior control D) Knowledge of disease risk
D) Knowledge of disease risk
Aerobic energy provides most of the energy for exercise of _______ duration and depends on _______ delivery to the cells. A) Immediate; phosphate B) Short (8-10 seconds); ATP C) Medium (10-90 seconds); nutrients D) Long (90 seconds and beyond); oxygen
D) Long (90 seconds and beyond); oxygen
In which stage of change will it be MOST important to create plans to avoid relapse? A) Contemplation B) Preparation C) Action D) Maintenance
D) Maintenance
Carpal tunnel syndrome is caused by entrapment of the _______ nerve, typically due to prolonged manual work with the wrist in a _______ position. A) Radial, adducted B) Ulnar, extended C) Brachial, abducted D) Median, flexed
D) Median, flexed
Pulmonary ventilation is regulated mostly by: A) Need for oxygen delivery B) Need for oxygen removal C) Need for carbon dioxide delivery D) Need for carbon dioxide removal
D) Need for carbon dioxide removal
The heart is controlled through an intrinsic electric system, normally activated in which order? A) AV node, SA node, bundle of His, bundle branches, Purkinje fibers B) AV node, SA node, Purkinje fibers, bundle branches, bundle of His C) SA node, AV node, bundle branches, bundle of His, Purkinje fibers D) SA node, AV node, bundle of His, bundle branches, Purkinje fibers
D) SA node, AV node, bundle of His, bundle branches, Purkinje fibers
Which plane divides the body into two equal left and right halves? A) Frontal B) Vertical C) Transverse D) Sagittal
D) Sagittal