KINE 1304 Final Exam

What is the AMDR for protein

10 to 35%

What is the AMDR for fat

20 to 35%

How many calories are in 1 g of carbohydrate

4

How many calories are in 1 g of protein

4

How many calories are in 1 g of alcohol

7

How many calories are in 1 g of fat

9

Physical fitness

Ability to perform moderate to vigorous intensity activity without becoming excessively fatigued

Hypertension

Abnormally high blood pressure levels that persist

Fortification

Addition of any of the nutrients to food

Enrichment

Addition of specific amounts of iron and certain B vitamins to cereal grain products

LDL

Bad cholesterol

High fructose corn syrup

Caloric sweetener that is often added to food

Energy intake

Calories from foods and beverages that contain macro nutrients and alcohol

Ketones

Chemicals that results from incomplete fat break down

Osteoporosis

Chronic disease characterized by loss of bone mass and reduced bone structure

Obesity

Condition characterized by excessive and unhealthy amounts of body fat

Empty calorie allowance

Daily amount of energy remaining after person consumes recommended amounts of foods that contain little or no solid fats and added sugars from the major food groups

Nutrient dense

Describes food or beverage that has more vitamins and minerals in relation to its unhealthy fat, added sugar, and or alcohol contents

Empty calorie

Describes food or beverage that supplies excessive amounts of unhealthy solid fat, added sugars, and or alcohol

Energy dense

Energy value of the food in relation to the foods weight

Major minerals

Essential mineral elements required and amounts of 100 mg or more per day

Trace minerals

Essential mineral elements required and amounts that are less than 100 mg per day

Omega-3 is primarily found in what types of food

Fatty fish

Which nutrients do you want a high daily value on the nutrition facts label

Fiber, iron, vitamin A, vitamin C, and other vitamin and minerals listed

Hydrogenation

Food manufacturing process that adds hydrogen atoms to liquid vegetable oil, forming trans fats

Soluble fiber

Forms of dietary fiber that dissolve or swell and water

Insoluble fiber

Forms of dietary fiber that generally do not dissolve in water

Megadose

Generally defined as 10 times the recommended amount of a vitamin or mineral

HDL

Good cholesterol

Do animal food supply higher or lower amounts of protein then similar quantities of plant foods

Higher

What are the benefits of soluble fiber

It helps lower cholesterol and lowers the risk of cardiovascular disease

What are the benefits of insoluble fiber

It prevents constipation and lowers the risk of colon cancer

Low density lipoprotein's

Lipoprotein that carries cholesterol into tissues

High density lipoprotein's

Lipoprotein that transports cholesterol away from tissues and to the liver, where it can be eliminated

Basal metabolism

Minimum number of kilo calories the body uses to support vital activities after fasting and resting for 12 hours

Galactose

Monosaccharide that is a component of lactose

Glucose

Monosaccharide that is a primary fuel for muscles and other cells; dextrose or blood sugar

Foods high in saturated fat

Most cuts of beef and pork, sausage, baloney, cheese, 2% milk dairy products, whole milk dairy products, items made with cream

Essential

Nutrient that must be supplied by food

Macro nutrients

Nutrients needed in gram amounts daily and that provide energy; carbohydrates, proteins, and fat

Unsaturated fat's are found in plant foods. Examples

Olives, avocados, nuts, and vegetable oil's

Does the typical American eat more omega six or omega three fatty acid's

Omega six

Exercise

Physical activities that are usually plans and structured for a purpose

What are the benefits of consuming plant-based proteins versus animal proteins

Plant foods do not contain cholesterol they are high and phytochemicals antioxidants and fiber

Satiety

Sense that enough food or beverages have been consumed to satisfy hunger

Tolerable upper limit

Standard representing the highest average amount of a nutrient that is unlikely to be harmful when consumed daily

RDA

Standards for recommending daily and takes of several nutrients

Cholesterol

Sterol in animal foods and precursor for steroid hormones, bile, and vitamin D

Antioxidants

Substance that protects other compounds from being damaged or destroyed by certain factors

How can you determine if the bread you want to purchase is made from whole grains versus refined

The ingredients should list the grain as whole or 100% whole-grain

Which nutrients do you want a low daily value on the nutrition facts label

Total fat, saturated fat, trans fat, cholesterol, and sodium

As a general rule, saturated fat's are solid at room temperature, well unsaturated fat's are liquid at room temperature

True

Cholesterol is only found in animal foods that have fat

True

Processed, packaged foods, and margarine contribute the larger share of trans fats in the American diet

True

Saturated fats raise both HDL and LDL cholesterol levels

True

Trans fats raise LDL and lower HDL cholesterol levels

True

Unsaturated fat's generally reduce total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels

True

Trans fat

Unsaturated fatty acid's that have a trans double bond

Omega six is primarily found in what types of food

Vegetable oil's

Micro nutrients

Vitamins and minerals

Hydration

Water status

Deficiency

When a nutrient is missing from the diet