Kinesiology - Exam 1 Review

Which of the following statements is true about circumduction? A) Combination of flexion, extension, adduction, and abduction B) Synonymous with rotation C) Occurs only in one joint D) Combines flexion and extension

A) Combination of flexion, extension, adduction, and abduction

Which of the following is not a property of skeletal muscle tissue that allows for force production and movement about joints? A) Constrictability B) Elasticity C) Extensibility D) Irritability

A) Constrictability

Which of the following is the correct definition of kinesiology? A) The study of the principles of anatomy, physiology, and mechanics in relation to human movement B) The study of the human musculoskeletal and musculotendinous systems C) The study of the application of mechanical physics to human motion D) The study of muscles as they are involved in the science of movement

A) The study of the principles of anatomy, physiology, and mechanics in relation to human movement

Abduction takes place around the _____ axis. A) anteroposterior B) mediolateral C) longitudinal D) horizontal

A) anteroposterior

Each of the following joints allows a slight amount of motion to occur except _____. A) gomphosis B) syndesmosis C) synchondrosis D) symphysis

A) gomphosis

Which of the following is a proprioceptor associated with muscle tissue? A) Pacinian corpuscle B) Golgi tendon organ C) Meissner's corpuscle D) Ruffini's corpuscle

B) Golgi tendon organ

The frontal plane divides the body into _____. A) right and left halves B) front and back halves C) top and bottom halves D) medial and lateral halves

B) front and back halves

Forward movement of the shoulder girdle in the horizontal plane away from the spine is called _____. A) pronation B) protraction C) retraction D) reduction

B) protraction

Which of the following pairs of muscles produces the strongest contractions? A) Sphincter and fusiform muscles B) Fusiform and strap muscles C) Bipennate and unipennate muscles D) Multipennate and bipennate muscles

C) Bipennate and unipennate muscles

Which of the following is an example of a transverse plane movement? A) Extension of the left toes B) Abduction of the left transverse tarsal joint C) Internal rotation of the right shoulder D) Plantar flexion of the ankle

C) Internal rotation of the right shoulder

Which of the following statements is true about an isometric muscle contraction? A) It is a dynamic contraction. B) It causes tension to develop outside the muscle. C) It is used to stabilize a body segment. D) It occurs when the muscle length changes but the muscle tension remains the same.

C) It is used to stabilize a body segment.

_____ occurs when an antagonistic muscle becomes stretched to the point where it can no longer lengthen and allow movement. A) Active insufficiency B) Countercurrent movement C) Passive insufficiency D) Reciprocal innervation

C) Passive insufficiency

Which of the following is not a classification of the types of neurons? A) Sensory neurons B) Motor neurons C) Peripheral neurons D) Interneurons

C) Peripheral neurons

Which of the following is not a term used to classify the pennate type of muscle fiber arrangement? A) Unipennate B) Bipennate C) Tripennate D) Multipennate

C) Tripennate

If the _____ plane runs from anterior to posterior, then its axis must run from side to side. A) frontal B) transverse C) sagittal D) longitudinal

C) sagittal

Adduction movement at the wrist in the frontal plane of the little finger side of the hand toward the medial forearm is called _____. A) palmar flexion B) radial flexion C) ulnar flexion D) volar flexion

C) ulnar flexion

Which of the following is not true of concentric muscle contractions? A) A muscle develops active tension as it shortens. B) Contractions occur when a muscle develops enough force to overcome applied resistance. C) Contractions cause movement against gravity or resistance. D) Concentric muscle contractions are commonly described as being a negative type of contraction.

D) Concentric muscle contractions are commonly described as being a negative type of contraction.

Which of the following is not a function performed by the skeletal system? A) Protection of internal organs B) Support to maintain posture C) Storage of minerals D) Production of heat

D) Production of heat

Which of the following is not a true statement about antagonist muscles? A) They are typically located on the opposite side of the joint from the agonist muscles. B) They have the opposite concentric action from agonists when activated. C) They are also known as contralateral muscles. D) They work against agonist muscles by contracting and preventing movement.

D) They work against agonist muscles by contracting and preventing movement.

An instrument used to measure the change in joint angles is a(n) _____. A) flexometer B) jointmeter C) arthrometer D) goniometer

D) goniometer

The three specific types of accessory motions are _____. A) slip, slide, and roll B) spin, twirl, and glide C) rock, slide, and circumfusion D) roll, spin, and glide

D) roll, spin, and glide

TRUE OR FALSE: About 50 to 60 percent of the volume of cortical bone is porous.

FALSE

TRUE OR FALSE: Cancellous bone is stiffer and can withstand greater stress, but less strain, than cortical bone.

FALSE

TRUE OR FALSE: Eccentric muscle contractions are referred to as muscle actions instead of a contraction since the muscle is shortening as opposed to lengthening.

FALSE

TRUE OR FALSE: Epiphyseal plates generally close by age 14, but some may be present until age 18.

FALSE

TRUE OR FALSE: Flexion is an example of movement in a coronal plane about an anteroposterior axis.

FALSE

TRUE OR FALSE: Generally, parallel muscles will produce a lesser range of movement than similar-size muscles with a pennate arrangement.

FALSE

TRUE OR FALSE: The endosteum is located at the ends of long bones.

FALSE

TRUE OR FALSE: The more sudden the activation of a myotatic reflex, the less significant the reflexive contraction.

FALSE

TRUE OR FALSE: The sartorius is an example of a fusiform muscle.

FALSE

TRUE OR FALSE: There are approximately 552 muscles in the human body.

FALSE

TRUE OR FALSE: Typical bony features include tendons, epiphysis, and articular cartilage.

FALSE

TRUE OR FLASE: Both sesamoid and accessory bones occur in same numbers in individuals.

FALSE

TRUE OR FALSE: All muscle contractions are classified as either isometric or isotonic.

TRUE

TRUE OR FALSE: Bones continue to grow longitudinally as long as the epiphyseal plates are open.

TRUE

TRUE OR FALSE: Both the size and the shape of bones can limit or allow movements.

TRUE

TRUE OR FALSE: Diarthrodial joints are also known as synovial joints.

TRUE

TRUE OR FALSE: Generally, longer muscles can shorten through a greater range and are more effective in moving joints through large ranges of motion.

TRUE

TRUE OR FALSE: Most outer bone is composed of cortical bone with cancellous bone underneath.

TRUE

TRUE OR FALSE: The peripheral nervous system (PNS) can be divided into sensory and motor divisions.

TRUE

TRUE OR FALSE: The term "action" refers to a specific movement of a joint that occurs as a result of a concentric muscle contraction.

TRUE

TRUE OR FALSE: The term "intrinsic" usually pertains to muscles within or belonging solely to the body part upon which they act.

TRUE

TRUE OR FALSE: Two different muscles may contract simultaneously at a joint and cause a motion that neither would cause if contracting alone.

TRUE

TRUE OR FALSE: When antagonist muscles contract concentrically, they perform the joint motion opposite to that of the agonist muscle.

TRUE

TRUE OR FLASE: Diagonal abduction is movement by a limb through a diagonal plane away from the midline of the body.

TRUE