Kinesiology Final Exam

The Q angle is usually _____ or less for males and _____ or less for females.

15;20

Which of the following is the Law of Acceleration?

A change in the acceleration of a body occurs in the same direction as the force that caused it.

Which of the following best describes inertia?

A measure of an object's resistance to change motion

Which of the following is affected by the shape and size of a muscle?

Ability of a muscle to produce force

Which term best describes this statement: "The behavior of bone will vary with the direction of the load application?"

Anisotropic

Muscles provide all of the following except?

Attachment points for other muscles

Which of the following does not affect joint range of motion?

Bone density

Which of the following is a true statement regarding agonist muscles?

Causes a joint motion through a specified plane of motion when contracting concentrically

Name the lever

Class 1

Name the lever: diving board

Class 2

Name the Lever: stapler

Class 3

Name the lever: girl fishing

Class 3

Zero acceleration indicates that velocity is

Constant

Which of the following is true regarding concentric muscle contractions?

Contractions cause movement against gravity or resistance

Which of the following is not true regarding the quadriceps muscle group?

Covered by the vastus fascia

When the paths followed by the points on an object are curved, so the direction of motion is constantly changing, but the orientation of the object does not change

Curvilinear translation

Which parameter is defined as "the total change in position?"

Distance

What term is used to describe the motion of bringing the dorsum of the foot closer to the anterior leg?

Dorsiflexion

Which of the following actions is not performed by the trapezius?

Downward rotation

The stability of the glenohumeral joint is enhanced by its significant mobility.

Extremely false

A muscle can cause itsefl to enlongate

False

All muscles in the human body cross only one joint.

False

Antagonist muscles are known as primary or prime movers or muscles most involved in a joint action.

False

Fusiform muscle fiber arrangement results in a circular pattern.

False

Minor variations in the point of force application have no effect in determining the effective force of the muscle.

False

Motion where all points of an object travel the same distance along a curved path is considered angular motion.

False

The acetabular femoral joint is reinforced by an extremely weak ligamentous capsule and the stability of this joint is attributed to the surrounding musculature.

False

The coracobrachialis muscle inserts on the coracoid process.

False

The distal malleoli of the tibia and fibula serve as pulleys for the posterior tendons to increase the mechanical advantage of the respective muscles in performing dorsiflexion and plantar flexion actions.

False

The elbow joint is a hinge-type joint that allows for internal and external rotation.

False

The insertion of the deltoid muscle is the humeral tuberosity on the lateral humerus.

False

The levator scapulae muscle is responsible for upward rotation of the inferior angle of the scapula

False

The popliteus originates on the medial aspect of lateral femoral condyle

False

The shape and arrangement of muscle fibers affect the muscle's ability to relax.

False

The structural instability of the acetabular femoral joint makes this joint susceptible to subluxations and dislocations.

False

The synergist muscle of an activity is considered to be the primary mover.

False

The wrist is proximal to the elbow.

False

There are seven types of diarthrodial joints.

False

When the body is in fundamental position, the thumb is on the anterior side of the hand.

False

With the exception of the glenohumeral joint, the acetabular femoral joint is the least mobile joint of the body.

False

Elbow extension where the triceps applies force to olecranon process in extending the non-supported forearm at the elbow is an example of which type of lever arrangement?

First class

Which of the following is the sole action of the brachialis muscle?

Flexion of the elbow

Kinematics is the description of motion and includes consideration of each of the following except?

Forces

Actions of the elbow and radioulnar joints occur in all of the following planes except?

Frontal

Which of the following is a proprioceptor associated with muscle tissue?

Golgi Tendon Organ

Each of the following joints allows a slight amount of motion to occur except?

Gomphosis

There are only 2 groups of muscles that are considered to be "intrinsic" to the hand

Hypothenar and thenar

Following the size principle, in what order are motor units recruited?

I, IIa, IIb

Which of the following is a proprioceptor?

Interneuron

The ligaments of the elbow include all of the following except?

Interosseus

Which of the following is not true with respect to an isometric muscle contraction?

Is considered to be a dynamic contraction

Which of the following is not an example of a movement in the sagittal plane?

Lateral flexion

Which of the following types of machine is most common in the musculoskeletal system arrangements of the human body?

Levers

The mechanisms responsible for shock absorption in the foot are the__________, ___________, and ___________.

Medial, lateral, and transverse arches

Which of the following is the insertion of the pronator teres muscle?

Middle 1/3 of the lateral surface of the radius

List three of the ways that muscles are named and provide an example of each.

Muscles are named based on their characteristics. Three ways they can get their name is their shape such as the deltoid, their direction of fibers such as the obliques and their location such as the rectus femoris.

Which of the following is an origin of the latissimus dorsi muscle?

Posterior crest of the ilium

Actions of the biceps brachii include all of the following except?

Pronation of the forearm

Which of the following muscles does not act in flexion of the elbow?

Pronator quadratus

What are the two type classifications of linear motion?

Rectilinear and Curvilinear

Which of the following is not a structure associated with the shoulder joint?

Ribs

Which group of bones are all examples of flat bones?

Ribs, sternum, scapula

What is the type and classification of the joint unique to the hand?

Saddle joint

What does the kinetic link principle refer to?

Sequential body segment movement

In the three-component model of muscle, which component most closely corresponds to the tendon?

Series elastic component

1) Describe what movement is taking place with respect to the shoulder and elbow joints(flexion, extension, etc.)? 2) List what muscles would be performing a concentric contraction during this phase of the movement.

Shoulder joint: flexion—Concentric muscle contractions: pectoralis major, anterior deltoid, coracobrachialis and biceps brachii (scapula:abduction/upward rotation: serratus anterior, pectoralis minor and the trapezius) Elbow joint: extension/static—no concentric contractions

Which of the following is not correct regarding the knee joint proper?

Sometimes referred to as trochoginglymus joint due to internal and external rotation occurring when in full extension

Which of the following best describes the anatomical location of the head with respect to the left arm?

Superior and medial

Which of the following muscles of the shoulder joint are located on the posterior surface of the scapula?

Supraspinatus

Which activity, when performed in moderate amounts, does the least to maintain bone strength?

Swimming

Which of the following statements is false regarding the proportional relationship between force components and resistance components?

The closer the force application is to the axis of rotation the greater the amount of resistance that can be moved

Which of the following is true regarding an eccentric muscle action?

The force developed by the muscle is less than that of the resistance

Which of the following is true of the hand/wrist joint and the foot/ankle

The hand/wrist contains 29 bones while the foot/ankle contains 26

Which phrase best defines biomechanics?

The study of the structure and function of biologic systems by means of the methods of mechanics

The pennate type of muscle fiber arrangement may be classified by the following terms except?

Tripennate

All muscle contractions are classified as either isometric or isotonic.

True

Diarthrodial joints are also known as synovial joints

True

Friction is the force that results from the resistance between the surfaces of two objects from moving one moving upon another

True

Generally, as a muscle gets longer, its ability to exert force increases.

True

If at first you don't succeed, skydiving probably isn't for you.

True

In a first class lever arrangement the agonist and antagonist muscle groups may contract simultaneously on either side of a joint axis.

True

It is against the law for a man living in North Carolina to be buried in South Carolina?

True

Normally, the hip joint can be abducted to approximately 35 degrees.

True

Of all the movements possible in the joints of the body, flexion/extension is the most commonly occurring.

True

Short force arms and long resistance arms require greater muscular force to produce movement as compared to longer force arms with a long resistance arm.

True

Tears in menisci can occur due both compression and shear forces during rotation while flexing or extending during quick directional changes in running.

True

The actions of serratus anterior include abduction and upward rotation.

True

The fibula is not part of the ginglymus articulation of the knee joint.

True

The knee joint is the largest joint in the body.

True

The serratus anterior performs abduction in the transverse plane.

True

The term "innervation" is used to describe providing a stimulus to muscle fibers within a specific muscle or portion of a muscle.

True

Which is not a way that muscle attaches to bone?

Via a sarcolemma

Which of the following is Newton's Law of Inertia?

a body in motion tends to remain in motion at the same speed in a straight line unless acted on by a force

The origin of the rectus femoris muscle is the anterior inferior iliac spine and the groove (posterior) above the _____.

acetabulum

The most laterally located bony landmark of the scapula is the _____.

acromion process

In basketball and soccer injury to the _____ occurs much more commonly to females than to males.

anterior cruciate ligament

Which property of muscle is not also a property of another type of tissue?

contractility

The right and left deltoid muscles are _____ to one another.

contralateral

During which type of contraction is the greatest muscle force possible?

eccentric

Which of the types of muscle contraction is usually utilized in causing an object's deceleration?

eccentric

If the plastic region is surpassed, what occurs?

failure

The frontal plane divides the body into _____.

front and back halves

Holding a box while waiting for your friend to open a door is an example of what type of contraction?

isometric

What are the "base" units for a Newton (i.e., what units make up a Newton)?

kg-m/s2

A _____ analysis would be used to determine the amount of force necessary to lift a 200-lb barbell in a squat.

kinetic

Viscoelastic materials exhibit a stress-strain relationship that is

linear and nonlinear

A vector is a parameter that is described by _____ and _____.

magnitude, direction

The subconscious mechanism by which the body is able to regulate posture and movement is _____.

proprioception

Which of the following is not a shape by which muscles are categorized?

radial

Elbow extension takes place in what plane?

sagittal

During a biceps curl, the deltoid acts as a(n)

stabilizer

When a muscle contracts

the origin and insertion receive equal forces.

Shaking the head "No" occurs in which plane?

transverse