Kinesiology in Action Based Practice- Exam 1
The "true ribs" are attached directly to the sternum anteriorly. These ribs include ribs:
1-7
The seventh rib articulates with the ______ and ______ vertebral bodies
5th ; 7th
Ligaments and tendons lose 50% of their tensile strength after how long a period of immobilization?
8 weeks
Which of the following is NOT correct about the thoracodorsal fascia? A. Tension on the thoracodorsal fascia via abdominal muscle contraction will cause it to decrease spinal stiffness. B. The anterior portion is part of the quadratus lumborum surrounding the fascia. C. The erector spinae is surrounded by it. D. The posterior portion has attachments to the latissimus dorsi.
A. Tension on the thoracodorsal fascia via abdominal muscle contraction will cause it to decrease spinal stiffness.
Active muscle force increases with all of the following EXCEPT: A. increased length of muscle B. increased number of cross-bridges formed C. increased number of motor units recruited D. increased speed of eccentric action
A. increased length of muscle
when one moves the leg away from the midline, the motion is called
ABduction
All of the following occur in response to exercise except: A. bone deposition increases B. high magnitude loading induces fibrocartilage formation C. hyaline cartilage damage repairs itself to the previous structure D. number of collagen fiber cross linkages increases in the tendons
C. hyaline cartilage damage repairs itself to the previous structure
Inhalation
Contraction of the diaphragm causes:
the portion of the sarcomere that contains only myosin fibers without overlap
H- Band
2
The manubriosternal joint is attached to rib:
The costovertebral joint is an articulation between the ________ and the ________.
Vertebral body ; rib head
The clavicular portion of the pectoralis major muscle CANNOT:
aid in exhalation if the arms are overhead
"The humeral head rolls up and glides down on the glenoid fossa" is an example of:
an arthrokinematic description of what happens during shoulder abduction
The outermost portion of the intervertebral disc is known as the:
annulosum fibrosum
During deep inspiration, the upper rib cage expands more in a(n) ____ direction and the lower rib cage expands more in a(n) ____ direction.
anterior; lateral
Which of the following DOES NOT limit thoracic flexion? A. approximation of anterior vertebral bodies B. facet joint capsule C. interspinous ligaments D. posterior longitudinal ligament
approximation of anterior vertebral bodies
ligaments attach bone to _____ and are composed of primarily _____
bone, collagen
In the human adult spine, lordotic curves naturally occur in the:
cervical and lumbar regions
The spinous process is bifid in the:
cervical spine
If ankle dorsiflexion range of motion is limited,
closed chain knee flexion will be limited.
The central tendon of the diaphragm becomes stabilized by:
compression on the abdominal viscera
The best description of the atlanto-occipital joint is:
convex superior joint surface on concave inferior joint surface
The transverse atlantal ligament is part of the:
cruciform ligament
A characteristic unique to the thoracic spine is:
demifacets
The zagapophyseal joints are:
diarthordial
when a muscle lengthens under load it is known as a/an _______ action
eccentric
when the biceps is used to lower the elbow to a straight position, it is called
eccentric contraction
The active contribution of the lateral pterygoid in relation to the disc is it:
eccentrically controls posterior translation of the disc during elevation.
Actions of the medial pterygoid include
elevates and contra laterally deviates
individual muscle fibers are surrounded by
endomysium
The orientation of the lumbar zygapophyseal joints favors what motions?
flexion and extension
The intervertebral disc DOES NOT consists of:
granulosum centrosome
A muscle fiber that fires more slowly typically has a _______ capillary density and is called a type _______.
higher ; type 1
the articular cartilage covering bone in a synovial joint is
hyaline cartilage
The structure that tethers the disc from moving too far anteriorly is the:
inferior retrodiscal lamina
The ligament that connects spinous processes above and below is the:
interspinous
The muscle that has attachments to the articular disc is the:
lateral pterygoid
Which muscles contract concentrically to produce right thoracic rotation?
left external oblique and right internal oblique
Muscles contracting during mandibular deviation to the right include:
left medial and lateral pterygoid
Anterior pelvic tilt is often accompanied by:
lumbar extension and hip flexion
a large motor unit has ______ muscle fiber contractions and the muscle it is part of typically has a relatively _______ number of motor units.
many ; small
Muscles that can cause ipsilateral deviation
masseter abd temporalis
Muscles of mandibular elevation include:
masseter and temporalis
The plane that splits the body into 2 symmetrical halves
midsagittal
"Ball and socket," "saddle," and "hinge" joints are _____, _____, and _____, respectively.
multiaxial, biaxial, uniaxial
the thick filament portion of a myofilament is the
myosin
Contraction of the diaphragm results in all the following EXCEPT: A. negative pressure results in the lungs. B. negative pressure results on the abdominal viscera. C. the dome-shaped muscle descends. D. the lower ribs expand laterally.
negative pressure results on the abdominal viscera.
fibroblasts that specialize to create bone are called
osteoblast
Muscles NOT attached to the superior and inferior borders of the ribs.
outermost intercostal
When turning a screwdriver in a clockwise direction with the right hand, the supinator is the ______ and the pronator teres is the ______.
prime mover ; antagonist
With reciprocal clicking, the first click is ______ and the second is ______.
recapturing; dislocating
The arthrokinematic motion during mandibular depression is ______ in the INFERIOR space and ______ in the SUPERIOR space.
roll; glide
The vertebral column contains fused vertebrae of the:
sacral spine
Cervical flexion occurs in what plane?
sagittal
Which muscles would tend to be short and weak in a patient with forward head posture?
sub occipitals
Which of the following best describes the sacroiliac joint?
synovial joint anteriorly and syndesmosis posteriorly
when a cross bridge forms in a muscle
tension is developed
Ribs 8 through 10 are "false ribs" because:
they do not attach directly to the sternum.
A characteristic unique to the cervical spine is:
transverse foramen
Cervical retraction is a combination of which cervical movements?
upper cervical flexion and lower cervical extension