lab final

Pataasin ang iyong marka sa homework at exams ngayon gamit ang Quizwiz!

within the potassium phosphate buffer sytem what is the weak base

(HPO4)2-

isontonic( low water potenta;

.85 NaCl

10% degree of dissocation

1*10^-1

1% degree of dissocation

1*10^-2

what is the H+ of a 0.01 M soultion of HCl and what is the Ph

1*10^-2 and 2

0.01% degree od dissociation

1*10^-4

if the molarity of an acid is 1*10^-3 and the degree of dissociationif 0.01% determine the H= and the pH

1*10^-7 and the ph is 7

at what temperature was optimal for the enzyme ( greatest reaction rate) 10 C 24 C or 60 C and how would we increase accuracy

24 because it allowed the molescules to move the fastest without damaging them, we could do multiple water baths in a more narrow range

if your totoal magnification is 250x and your ocular lens is 10x calculate the magnification of your obective lens

25x

which indicaator is used to determine if he pH of a soltion is acidic or becomes acidic

congo red

if you want to do an experiment to measure buffering capacrity why is red cabbage indicator not a good choice

it is not a good choice because it is not percise since it is qualitative and quantative

dialysis bag remins the same

same concentration

does the net movement of molecules slow down as equilibriu is reached and why

yes it does slow do because there is no long a distrinct concentration grandient, so they are just moving randomly ( no direction or high to low)

equation for pH=

-log(H+)

hypertonic solution ( low water potential

10% NaCl

uou measure the pH of your garden soil and find that it is pH 6 you measure the pH of peat moss and find that it is pH 4 how many times greater is the concentration of hydrogen ions in peat moss than in the garden soil

100x greater

equation for H+=

10^(-pH)

ocular magnification

10x

what color would the acid indicator appear at pH 2 , 7 and 11

2= blue 7= orange red 11= orange red

what color would the base indicator appear at pH 2 7 and 11

2= colorless 7= colorless 11= red

if your ocular lens is 12x and your obective lens is 30x calculate total magnification

360x

objective magnification

4x, 10x, 40x, 100x,

anthocyanins

are plant by pH, at low pH it turns red and at high turns blue

if looing under the microscope at something, and I move it towards me, it appears to be mvoing

away from me

water poteintail inside the bag is higher than water potential outside of bag

beaker has more solute than cell

water moves from dialysis bag into beaker

beaker has more solutethan cell

the solution inside the bag is hypotnic to its surroundings

beaker has more soultethan cell

what is an enzyme

biological cataysts, proteins speed up reaction without being ussed or altered

thymophthalein

chagnes color within a speiciic alkaline pH range indicating alkaline condicitons

I2kI test

dark blue or black= positive for presence of strach - amber brown=negative

what were the dependent, indepedent and controlled

dependent = rate of diffsuion independent= temp controlled= time intervals

osmotic potential

dependent on solute concentiation in a soltion water potential = osmotic potential+pressure potential

rate of diffusion

determined by the concentration gradient between the area of origin and the area of destination

describe the relationship between enezyme concentration and enzyme activity

direct relationship, enzyme concentration increased the enzyme acitvity increased ( assuming sufficent substrate)

weak acids and weak bases

do not completly dissociate within aqueious solutions

catechol oxidase

enzyme in fruits and veg

pressure potential

exertion of positive or negaive pressure on a solution

( name the part of the microscope to solve problem) when looking at a speciemn on high power, the image is blurry

fine adjuestment knob

what are potatoes soaked in water before grying

fluffy because they are fully hydrated

hypotontic is what water potential

high

a salt soloution is

hypertonic

once your crossed fiver slide is clearlu focused under low power can you clearly determine the order of the crossed fivers without turning the fine adjuestment knob anymore

i can guess but not be certain

describe the relationship between temperature and enzyme acitivty

if it was too hot or cold the enzyme was slowed or damages and was not able to be fully efficent because the conditions were not optimal

how does the oerintation of the viewing change when looking at something in person compared to in the microscope

in person if it is facing upright, in the microscope it is upside down

positive pressure does what to the pressure potential andwater potential

increases both

magnification

increases the size of the visual image produced from the specimen ( determined by multiplying power of ocular lens by by the objedctive lens)

how does increasing enzyme concentration in the presence of unlimited substrate affect the rate of the enzyme catalyzed reaction

increasing the enzyme concentration lead to a faster rate

describe the relationship between substrate concentration and enzyme acitivity

increasing the substrate concentration in creases the enzyme activity until the substrate limits at a constant

congo red changes color within a specific pH range turning

indicating acidic conditions

dialysis bag swells

inside of cell has more solute than solution insdie breaer

( name the part of the microscope to solve problem)when looking at a specimen on any power, the field of view is very shaded, almost dark

iris diaphragm

buffering capacity

is the amount of acid or base a buffered solution can soak up before its pH wills tart to change signifiganly

what happened to the depth of ffield as you increased magnification, did the depth of field increase of decrease

it decreased my depth of field

as you increase magnification, waht happens to the field of view

it gets more narrow with each increase in magnification

when you added base to the buffer with thymophthalein and the color did not change, what does this tell you

it had a weak acid the neutralized the NaOH we added

when you added acid to the buffer with congo red and the color did not change what does this result tell you

it had a weak base that beutralized the added acid

how does the method of salt or sugar curing help to preserve meat

it helps by removing mositure and creating a barrier from the bacteria

does this indicate that the depth of field is large or small

it indicates that the field is small because only two of the three strings are in view

what do you need a cover slip when you make a wet mount slide of a live speciemns

it is necessary to protect the objective lens

asprin has a Ph of 3 some poeple who take large amounts of aspirin take a pill that combines asprin with maalox what is the purpose of this combination

it is to neutralize the acidit of the asprin

why is it eccesary to center a speciment in the field of view before changing to a higher power objective

it is to prevent losoing sight of the speiciem

on high power when the top string is in focus is the bottom string visible

it is visible but not in focus as it appears fuzzy

does net diffsion eventually come to an end and why

it will come to an end as long as it has been allowed enough time because it is at an equlibrium as the molveulves are still moving, but with no specific direct

in what situation would the use of a dissecting microscope be preferred to that of a compound light microscope

it would be perfered if we had a live specimen, a large specimen, or would need to see surfaces in3 d as we would not need it to be in thin slices

if you decrease the magnification again, what will happen to the field of view

it would get more wide with each decrease in magnification

if looking under the microscope, i move something to the right it apears to move towards the

left

is a salt solution the water did what( cell)

left

why doesnt tissue or specimens have to be thin when viewed under a dissecting microscope

light comes from above rather than passing through the miscropse, and also, we need to see the speciemn in 3 d which requires layers

hyper tonic is what water potential

low

how does adding solute to water effect the osmotic and water potential

lowers both

( name the part of the microscope to solve problem) when looking at a speciemn on medium power, the specimen is only partly in view

mechanical stage

what characteristic of our microscopes enable only fine foucisng on medium and high powers

microscopes are parfocal, so when moved to hgiher magnification, it is partially in focus and only needs fine adjustment

conver millimeters to micros

millimeterx1000

if soultion A contains 1*10^-6 M H+ ions and solution B contains 1*10^-8 M H+ ions, which soultion contains more H+ ions and which soultion had a higher pH

more H+ ions: A higher pH: B

in the DI water, the water did what (cell

moved in

does the increase in sucrose concentration affect the water potential of the solution outside the bags

no it dooes not because it will remain high water potential because it did not change

isontonic is what water potential

none

field of view

of a miscropscope is the amount of the specimen viewed at one time, the size of the space within the lighted circle

the depth of field

of a miscroscope is a measure of the amount of vertical space, thickness, which is in focus without moving the fine adjusted knob

what can infuence enzyme acitvity

pH, temperature, substrate concentration, and enzyme concentration, presense of activators, cofactors, coenzymes and inhibitors

if the ph is 1 and the H+ is 1*10^-1 what is the pOH and OH-

pOH is 13 and OH- is 1*10^-13

parfocoal

partially focus, fine adjustment koob needed

neutralized both added acid and added base

potassum phsophate buffer

buffer

prevents the fucuations when adding base or acid to a soultion

microscope ocular lens ( 10x)

provide magnifcation

microscope objective lens

provide magnification that can be adjusted

( name the part of the microscope to solve problem) you have just put a new slide on the srage, but the high power objective is still in place

revolving nose piece

if looking under the microscope at something, and I move it to the left, it appears to move twards the

right

indicators

substances that are a different color at different pH values

an enzyme binds to what and where

substrate at active site

resolution

the capacity to distinguish clearly between two objects that are very close together, adjustemnt of condenser and iris diaphrawgm necessary

what is the reason for the difference between what happens to plant cell sna dhwat happenes to anial cell wheb playced in hypotoni solutions

the cell wall in plants allows it to store excess water in centeral vacole and the membrane and cell wall are touching, while a animal cell would expode ( osmotic lysis

what acan you say about the concentration of the pigment molceules at different distances from the spreading pigment spot

the concentration of the pigment is greatest at the center and decreases the move it moves towards the edges

if ou decrease magnification again what will happen to the depth of field, will it increase or decrease

the depth of field would increase

how is the concentration of the pigment molecules related to their rate of movement

the higher the concentration is the higher the rate of diffusion

how does the increase in sucrose concentratin affet the water potential of the various solutions inside the dialyssi bags

the higher the sucrose concentration, the lower the water potential because increasing the solute concentration lowers osmotic potential

what happened to the light intensity as you increased magnification

the intensity decreased

if you decreased magnification agin what will happen to the light intensity

the intensity would increase

osmosis

the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane

if the pH is 5 and the H+ is 1*10^-5 what is the pOH andd OH-

the pOH is 9 and the OH- is 1*10^-9

microscope iris diagphargm

the purpose is to control how uch light is on the scpeicmen

microscope condenser

the purpose is to focus light onto the speciman into the objective lenss

microscope coarse adjustment knob

the purpose is to focus on the speciemn on the lowest power

microscope eye piece

the purpose is to hold the lens

microscope stage

the purpose is to hold the slides and move up or down durring focus

microscope revolving nose piece

the purpose is to switch the objective lens

describe th relationship between pH and enzyme activity

the range was small in order to prevent denaturization, it needed optiomal conditions

if you increased the amount of enzyme as you increased substrate so that neither enzyme nor substrate was limiting what would happen to the reaction

the reaction rate would increase

which indicator is sued to determine if the pH of a soultion is basic or becomes basic

thyothaline

why does a piece fo tissue to be mounted on a side have to be very thin when it will be viewd under a coumopound light microscope

tissu eneeds to be thin to allow light to pass through the specimen and a compound mightscope is used to see one layer of cells

microscope mechanical stage

to adjust where the slide si positioned in our field of view, moves the stage side to side

microscope fine adjustment knob

to focus the speciemn on medium or high power

why do you need a drop of water of liquid when preparing a wetmount slide

to give the sample even thickness and help the cover slip stay on the slide

why is it important for our blood to contain buffers

to mimize fluctuations so we do not die

microscope light source

to provide light

why cant stach ove across the semipermible membrane

too large

what is the purpose of touching one edge of the cover slip first to the slide and the water drop before lowering the rest of the cover slip

touching one edge of the cover slip is to prevent air bubbles from becoming trapped

compound light microscopes

type of microscope that has a barrel with a glass lenses at each end, light passes though the specimine so it must be thin

benedict's test

uslaly orange/organge red=positive for presence of glucose -light blue= negative

hypotonic (high water potentail

water

water poential

water molveules that move from an area of high potential to low potential, takes into accound soulute concentration and pressure

in our experiment expalin why we used congo red

we dont have to measure chainge and if we had base or not

in our experiments wxoplain why we used thymophthalein

we used it to fingure out if there was acid presence

pH test papers

which are impregnated with indications, another means of estimating ph of colored sollutions

did not neurtralize any added acid or base

DI water

if the molarity of an acid is 1*10^-3 and the degree of dissociation is 10% determine the actual H+ and the pH

H+ is 1*10^-4 and the pH is 4

if the molariy of an acid is 1*10^-3 and the degree of dissociation is 1% determine the H+ and pH

H+ is 1*10^-5 and the ph is 5

what is the H+ of a soultion whose Ph is 8, what is the OH

H+ is 1*10^-8 and OH is 1*10^-6

XOH is a base that ionizes in 1% in solution, what is the h+ of a 0.001 M soultion of XOH what is its ph

H+= 1*10^-9 and the ph is 9

do you have mored epth of field under high power medium power

I have more depth of field under medium power

when viewing a specimen under medium or high power what part of the microscope do you use to view lower or higher in your depth of view

I would use the fine adjustment knob to lower or higher depth of view

within the potassium phosphate buffer shytem what is the salt

K2HPO4

neutralized only added acid

K2HPO4 ( base)

within the phosphate buffer systen what is the weak acid

KH2PO4

neutralized only added base

KH2PO4 ( acid)

if the molarity of a base is 1*10^-1 and the degree of dissociation is 10% determine the OH H and pH

OH is 1*10^-2 the H is 1*10^-12 and the ph is 12

if the moarity of a base is 1 and the degree of dissociation is 0.01% determine the OH H and pH

OH is 1*10^-4 H is 1*10^-10 ad the ph is 10

if the molarity of a base is 1*10^-4 and the degree of dissociation is 1%, determine the OH H and pH

OH is 1*10^-6 and the H is 1*10^-8 the ph is 8

if the molarity of a base is 1*10^-5 and the degree dissociation is 0.1% what is the OH H and pH

OH is 1*10^-8 the H is 1*10^-6 and the ph 6


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