Lab Values Saunders

The nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of cancer who is immunosuppressed. The nurse would consider implementing neutropenic precautions if the client's white blood cell count was which value? 1. 2000 mm3 (2.0 × 109/L) 2. 5800 mm3 (5.8 × 109/L) 3. 8400 mm3 (8.4 × 109/L) 4. 300,000 mm3 (11.5 × 109/L)

1

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results for a client and notes that the serum sodium level is 150 mEq/L (150 mmol/L). The nurse understands that this value would be noted in which conditions? 1. Heart failure 2. Addison's disease 3. A severe burn injury 4. Adrenal insufficiency

1

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results for a client seen in the clinic. The nurse reports to the client that the total cholesterol level is within the recommended guidelines if which value is noted on the laboratory report? 1. 146 mg/dL (4 mmol/L) 2. 224 mg/dL (6 mmol/L) 3. 256 mg/dL (7 mmol/L) 4. 301 mg/dL (8 mmol/L)

1

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results for a client with a diagnosis of severe dehydration. The nurse should expect the hematocrit level for this client to be noted at which level? 1. 60% (0.60) 2. 47% (0.47) 3. 45% (0.45) 4. 32% (0.32)

1

The clinic nurse has obtained a throat culture specimen from a client in whom a throat infection is suspected. The nurse calls the laboratory to have the specimen picked up and is told that the laboratory is short staffed and the laboratory assistant will pick up the specimen in 2 hours. Which is the appropriate nursing action? 1. Refrigerate the specimen. 2. Tell the client to return in 1 hour for a repeat throat culture. 3. Contact the health care provider (HCP) who prescribed the specimen. 4. Tell the laboratory that someone needs to pick up the specimen immediately.

1

The nurse instructs a client with diabetes mellitus who takes insulin about blood glucose monitoring and monitoring for signs of hypoglycemia. The nurse should inform the client that a blood glucose level of which value indicates hypoglycemia? 1. 60 mg/dL (3.3 mmol/L) 2. 90 mg/dL (5.0 mmol/L) 3. 110 mg/dL (6.1 mmol/L) 4. 120 mg/dL (6.7 mmol/L)

1

The nurse is admitting a client who has a cough, dyspnea, and abnormal chest x-ray who is otherwise healthy. The client has an elevated serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (SACE) level. Based on this result, what condition is the client at risk for? 1. Sarcoidosis 2. Pulmonary fibrosis 3. Bacterial pneumonia 4. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

1

The nurse is caring for a client who is receiving immunosuppressant therapy, including corticosteroids, after renal transplantation. The nurse should plan to carefully monitor results of which laboratory test for this client? 1. Blood glucose level 2. Serum calcium level 3. Serum magnesium level 4. Serum albumin concentration

1

A child is receiving edetate calcium disodium (calcium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [EDTA]) by intravenous (IV) infusion for the treatment of lead poisoning. The health care provider (HCP) prescribes a blood level lead concentration measurement. Which action should the nurse take to obtain the blood specimen? 1. Stop the IV infusion for 1 hour before obtaining the blood. 2. Irrigate the IV line with normal saline before drawing the blood. 3. Obtain the blood specimen on the extremity that is not receiving the IV infusion. 4. Maintain the client on NPO (nothing by mouth) status 12 hours before obtaining the blood specimen.

1

A client with a history of cardiac disease is due for a morning dose of furosemide. Which serum potassium level, if noted in the client's laboratory report, should be reported before administering the dose of furosemide? 1. 3.2 mEq/L (3.2 mmol/L) 2. 3.8 mEq/L (3.8 mmol/L) 3. 4.2 mEq/L (4.2 mmol/L) 4. 4.8 mEq/L (4.8 mmol/L)

1

A client with acute glomerulonephritis has had a urinalysis sample sent to the laboratory. The report reveals the presence of hematuria and proteinuria. The nurse interprets these results as which condition? 1. Consistent with glomerulonephritis 2. Inconsistent with glomerulonephritis 3. Unclear; no conclusion can be drawn 4. Indicative of impending acute kidney injury

1

A client with trigeminal neuralgia who is receiving carbamazepine 400 mg orally daily has a white blood cell (WBC) count of 2800 mm3 (28 × 109/L), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) of 17 mg/dL (6.12 mmol/L), sodium of 141 mEq/L (141 mmol/L), and uric acid of 5 mg/dL (0.3 mmol/L). On the basis of these laboratory values, the nurse should make which interpretation? 1. The WBC count is low, indicating a blood dyscrasia. 2. The BUN level is elevated, indicating nephrotoxicity. 3. The sodium level is low, indicating an electrolyte imbalance. 4. The uric acid level is elevated, indicating the risk for renal calculi.

1

The client is suspected of having a skeletal muscle disorder. Which isoenzyme value reported with the creatine kinase (CK) level should the nurse assess for elevation? 1. MM 2. MB 3. BB 4. MS

1

A client with a diagnosis of hyperphosphatemia has been treated with dietary management and phosphate binding gels. The client reports to the clinic, and the nurse is reviewing the laboratory results. Which reported serum phosphate level would indicate improvement in the client's condition? 1. 4.0 mg/dL (1.3 mmol/L) 2. 5.2 mg/dL (1.7 mmol/L) 3. 6.0 mg/dL (1.9 mmol/L) 4. 6.5 mg/dL (2.1 mmol/L)

1 (3-4.5)

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results for a client seen in the health care clinic. The nurse determines that the client's fasting serum glucose level is normal if which value is noted? 1. 110 mg/dL (6 mmol/L) 2. 120 mg/dL (6.9 mmol/L) 3. 130 mg/dL (7.4 mmol/L) 4. 140 mg/dL (8 mmol/L)

1 (70-110)

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results for a client seen in the health care clinic. The nurse determines that which level indicates the need for follow-up and immediate notification of the health care provider (HCP)? 1. Calcium 4.0 mg/dL (1.0 mmol/L) 2. Sodium 140 mEq/L (145 mmol/L) 3. Potassium 4.0 mEq/L (4.0 mmol/L) 4. Magnesium 2.0 mEq/L (1 mmol/L)

1 (8.5-10.2)

The nurse is caring for a client with Paget's disease who has a serum calcium level of 12.3 mg/dL (3.1 mmol/L). The nurse should check to see that which medication is available in the stock medication supply for possible use to reverse this elevation? 1. Calcitonin 2. Vitamin D 3. Calcium chloride 4. Calcium gluconate

1 (9-10.5)

A client with diabetes mellitus reports to the clinic for determination of the glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level. Which value on this laboratory test indicates client compliance with the prescribed diabetic regimen? 1. 6% 2. 8% 3. 10% 4. 15%

1 (less than 6)

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a serum medication level assay for a client seen in the health care clinic who has been taking phenytoin for the control of seizures. The nurse determines that a subtherapeutic level of phenytoin is present and that additional medication is required if which level is found? 1. 3 mcg/mL (12 mcmol/L) 2. 16 mcg/mL (63 mcmol/L) 3. 18 mcg/mL (71 mcmol/L) 4. 24 mcg/mL (95 mcmol/L)

1 (normal 10-20 so this answer is way below therapeutic)

A client is receiving oral anticoagulant therapy with warfarin. The result of a newly drawn prothrombin time (PT) is 40 seconds. The nurse should anticipate which prescription to be prescribed for this client? 1. Hold the next dose of warfarin. 2. Increase the next dose of warfarin. 3. Administer the next dose of warfarin. 4. Stop the warfarin, and administer heparin.

1 (normal is 11 to 12.5 seconds and anticoagulants should prolong by 1.5 to 2 times only)

The nurse caring for a client with a diagnosis of gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding reviews the client's laboratory results and notes a hematocrit level of 30% (0.30). Which action should the nurse take? 1. Report the abnormally low level. 2. Report the abnormally high level. 3. Inform the client that the laboratory result is normal. 4. Place the normal report in the client's medical record.

1(M 42-52 F 37-47)

A client has a urine specific gravity level of 1.034. The nurse determines that which causes or conditions can be related to this level? Select all that apply. 1. Glycosuria 2. Albuminuria 3. Dehydration 4. Diabetes insipidus 5. High creatinine level 6. Increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

123

The nurse is monitoring the client with a serum calcium level of 6.2 mg/dL (1.55 mmol/L). Which findings should the nurse assess for in the client? Select all that apply. 1. Irritability 2. Muscle cramps 3. Tingling sensations 4. Hyperactive reflexes 5. Memory impairment 6. Severe muscle weakness

12345

A client is undergoing a series of diagnostic tests. The laboratory results indicate an increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN) to creatinine ratio. The nurse determines that which potential conditions could contribute to these results? Select all that apply. 1. Dehydration 2. Catabolic state 3. High-protein diet 4. Fluid volume excess 5. Obstructive uropathy 6. Acute renal tubular acidosis

1235

The nurse is reviewing the white blood cell (WBC) count and differential on a client and notes that the results indicate a left shift. What are the possible indications for these laboratory results? Select all that apply. 1. The total number of WBCs 2. An increased number of bands 3. The presence of an acute infectious process 4. An increased number of mature neutrophils 5. An increased number of immature neutrophils

1235

The nurse is preparing to test a client's blood glucose level with a glucometer. Which steps would facilitate obtaining an accurate result? Select all that apply. 1. Hold the finger in a dependent position during the test. 2. Use gentle pressure to obtain an adequate amount of blood. 3. Obtain the blood specimen by puncturing the central tip of the finger. 4. Obtain the blood specimen by puncturing the lateral side of the finger. 5. Allow the drop of blood to form without squeezing near the puncture site. 6. Clean the site with an antiseptic swab, and then puncture the site immediately.

124

Several laboratory tests are prescribed for a client, and the nurse reviews the results of the tests. Which laboratory test results should the nurse report? Select all that apply. 1. Platelets 35,000 mm3 (35 × 109/L) 2. Sodium 150 mEq/L (150 mmol/L) 3. Potassium 5.0 mEq/L (5.0 mmol/L) 4. Segmented neutrophils 40% (0.40) 5. Serum creatinine, 1 mg/dL (88.3 mmol/L) 6. White blood cells, 3000 mm3 (3.0 × 109/L)

1246 (creatinine 0.6-1.2)

The nurse is caring for a client with suspected hepatitis. What diagnostic test results will assist in confirming this client's diagnosis? Select all that apply. 1. Leukopenia 2. Elevated hemoglobin 3. Elevated liver enzymes 4. Elevated serum bilirubin level 5. Elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) 6. Elevated serum erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)

1346

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). What are some conditions that can cause a decreased eGFR? Select all that apply. 1. Shock 2. Cystitis 3. Dehydration 4. Fluid overload 5. Heart failure (HF) 6. Cirrhosis with ascites

1356

The nurse has been giving a client furosemide intravenously for an exacerbation of heart failure. The nurse monitors what potential abnormal blood levels that frequently occur when this medication is administered? Select all that apply. 1. Serum sodium 2. Serum protein 3. Serum albumin 4. Serum potassium 5. Serum creatinine

14

A client is undergoing a 2-hour glucose tolerance test. The nurse assesses for which client factors that can interfere with the test period results? Select all that apply. 1. Experiencing stress 2. Fasting before the test period 3. Voiding during the test period 4. Eating a small snack or candy during the test period 5. Having an episode of diarrhea before the test period 6. Being unable to eat the entire test meal or vomiting some or all of the meal

146

A client has a prescription to have blood drawn to measure peak and trough vancomycin levels to determine the effectiveness of therapy with this medication. The nurse arranges with the laboratory to have the peak level specimen drawn at which time? 1. 1 hour before administration of the scheduled dose 2. 1.5 hours after completion of the scheduled infusion 3. Immediately after administration of the scheduled dose 4. 30 minutes before administration of the scheduled dose

2

A client has been admitted to the hospital for urinary tract infection and dehydration. The nurse determines that the client has received adequate volume replacement if the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level drops to which value? 1. 3 mg/dL (1.05 mmol/L) 2. 15 mg/dL (5.25 mmol/L) 3. 29 mg/dL (10.15 mmol/L) 4. 35 mg/dL (12.25 mmol/L)

2

A client is at risk for pulmonary embolism and is on anticoagulant therapy with warfarin sodium. The client's prothrombin time is 20 seconds, with a control of 11 seconds. How should the nurse interpret these results? 1. The client needs to have the test repeated. 2. Client results are within the therapeutic range. 3. Client results are higher than the therapeutic range. 4. Client results are lower than the needed therapeutic level.

2

A client with atrial fibrillation who is receiving maintenance therapy of warfarin sodium has a prothrombin time (PT) of 35 seconds and an international normalized ratio (INR) of 3.5. On the basis of these laboratory values, the nurse anticipates which prescription? 1. Adding a dose of heparin sodium 2. Holding the next dose of warfarin 3. Increasing the next dose of warfarin 4. Administering the next dose of warfarin

2

An adult client with a history of seizure disorder is having a routine serum phenytoin level drawn. Which serum phenytoin result indicates that the client is having a therapeutic effect of the medication? 1. 6 mcg/mL (23.8 mcmol/L) 2. 16 mcg/mL (63.4 mcmol/L) 3. 28 mcg/mL (110.9 mcmol/L) 4. 36 mcg/mL (142.6 mcmol/L)

2

An adult male client admitted to the hospital with shock has received fluid volume replacement. The nurse should determine that the client has had adequate fluid resuscitation if the client's repeat hematocrit level has decreased to which value in the normal range? 1. 56% (0.56) 2. 48% (0.48) 3. 37% (0.38) 4. 34% (0.34)

2

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory blood test results for a client and notes that the hemoglobin S (Hgb S) value is elevated. The nurse determines that this laboratory finding is associated with which condition? 1. Aplastic anemia 2. Sickle cell anemia 3. Infectious mononucleosis 4. Acute lymphocytic leukemia

2

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of venous thrombosis. The nurse expects the platelet aggregation to be reported as which level in this client? 1. Normal 2. Increased 3. Decreased 4. Insignificant

2

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results for a client and notes that the serum potassium level is 5.5 mEq/L (5.5 mmol/L). The nurse understands that this value would be noted in which condition? 1. Diarrhea 2. Addison's disease 3. Diabetes insipidus 4. Dumping syndrome

2

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results for a client seen in the health care clinic and notes that the red blood cell (RBC) count is decreased. The nurse determines that this finding occurs in which condition? 1. Dehydration 2. Iron deficiency 3. Severe diarrhea 4. Polycythemia vera

2

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results for a client seen in the health care clinic. The nurse determines that the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level is normal if which value is noted on the laboratory report? 1. 4 mg/dL (1.4 mmol/L) 2. 20 mg/dL (7.1 mmol/L) 3. 30 mg/dL (10.7 mmol/L) 4. 39 mg/dL (14.0 mmol/L)

2

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results for a client who takes 325 mg of acetylsalicylic acid, or aspirin, daily and has been having frequent nosebleed episodes. What blood level should the nurse review? 1. Hemoglobin (Hgb) 2. Prothrombin time (PT) 3. Red blood cell (RBC) level 4. Partial thromboplastin time (PTT)

2

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results for a client with a diagnosis of leukemia. The nurse notes that the granulocyte count is decreased. The nurse interprets that the client is at risk for which condition? 1. Anemia 2. Infection 3. Bleeding 4. Dehydration

2

The nurse is reviewing the results of the electrolyte panel for a client seen in the clinic. The nurse determines that the client's sodium level is normal if which value is noted? 1. 120 mEq/L (120 mmol/L) 2. 142 mEq/L (142 mmol/L) 3. 148 mEq/L (148 mmol/L) 4. 152 mEq/L (152 mmol/L)

2

The nurse is reviewing the results of the electrolyte panel for a client seen in the health care clinic. The nurse determines that the client's potassium level is normal if which value is noted? 1. 2.0 mEq/L (2.0 mmol/L) 2. 4.0 mEq/L (4.0 mmol/L) 3. 5.3 mEq/L (5.3 mmol/L) 4. 6.0 mEq/L (6.0 mmol/L)

2

The nurse just completed an assessment and reviewed the laboratory test results for an adult female client seen in the clinic. The client complains of being tired. The nurse determines that the hemoglobin level is normal if which value is noted on the laboratory report? 1. 8 g/dL (80 mmol/L) 2. 14 g/dL (140 mmol/L) 3. 22 g/dL (220 mmol/L) 4. 32 g/dL (320 mmol/L)

2

The nurse preceptor and the orientee note that the reticulocyte count for a client is increased. The preceptor determines that the orientee understands the significance of reticulocytes if the orientee makes which statement with regard to red blood cells (RBCs)? 1. "A reticulocyte is a mature RBC." 2. "A reticulocyte is an immature RBC." 3. "A reticulocyte is decreased whenever there is accelerated production of RBCs." 4. "A reticulocyte is increased when the bone marrow has slowed production of RBCs."

2

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results for a client seen in the health care clinic. The nurse determines that the serum lipase level is normal if which value is noted on the laboratory report? 1. 4 U/L (4 U/L) 2. 100 U/L (100 U/L) 3. 210 U/L (210 U/L) 4. 360 U/L (360 U/L)

2 (0-160)

A client is at risk for developing disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC). The nurse determines that which fibrinogen level is normal? 1. 170 mg/dL (1.7 g/L) 2. 400 mg/dL (4.0 g/L) 3. 480 mg/dL (4.8 g/L) 4. 500 mg/dL (5.0 g/L)

2 (200-400)

he nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results for an adult male client seen in the health care clinic. The nurse determines that the hematocrit level is normal if which value is noted on the laboratory report? 1. 58% (0.58) 2. 50% (0.50) 3. 40% (0.40) 4. 32% (0.32)

2 (42-52)

A client is admitted with possible hepatic encephalopathy. The nurse determines that which noted serum laboratory abnormality supports this suspicion? 1. Protein level of 72 g/L (7.2 g/dL) 2. Ammonia level of 98 mcg/dL (60 mcmol/L) 3. Magnesium level of 1.7 mEq/L (0.85 mmol/L) 4. Total bilirubin level of 1.2 mg/dL (20.5 mcmol/L)

2 (ammonia 15-45)

The nurse checks the laboratory results of a serum medication level assay for a newly admitted client taking digoxin 0.125 mg orally daily. Which value would indicate a therapeutic level? 1. 0.1 ng/mL (0.13 nmol/L) 2. 0.6 ng/mL (0.76 nmol/L) 3. 1.8 ng/mL (2.30 nmol/L) 4. 2.4 ng/mL (3.07 nmol/L)

2 (normal 0.5-0.8)

The nurse is reading a computer printout of the results of a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis performed on an adult client who has undergone lumbar puncture. The nurse determines that which is an abnormal finding? 1. Red blood cells (negative) 2. Protein 100 mg/dL (1 g/L) 3. Glucose 52 mg/dL (2.9 mmol/L) 4. White blood cells 3 cells/mcL (3 × 106/L)

2 (protein 15-45)

The nurse is collecting a 24-hour composite urine specimen. Besides electrolytes and glucose, what other components are measured? Select all that apply. 1. Blood 2. Protein 3. Minerals 4. Creatinine 5. 17-ketosteroids 6. Catecholamines

23456

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory results from a lumbar puncture performed in a client with a diagnosis of meningitis. Which laboratory findings are expected to be noted with bacterial meningitis? Select all that apply. 1. Increased glucose level 2. Elevated protein level 3. Increased white blood cells (WBCs) 4. Clear appearance of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) 5. Elevated cerebrospinal fluid pressure

235

A client with a diagnosis of question of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is admitted to the unit. What blood tests would the nurse expect to be prescribed to confirm the diagnosis? Select all that apply. 1. Cardiac enzymes 2. Rheumatic factor 3. Fasting blood glucose 4. Antinuclear antibody (ANA) 5. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) 6. Anticyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (anti-CCP)

2456

A client is donating blood for a family member who is having surgery. The nurse tells the client that an indirect Coombs' test will be performed on the blood. The client asks the nurse about the purpose of the test. Which response should the nurse provide to the client? 1. "The test detects the presence of hepatitis B virus." 2. "The test detects the amount of hemoglobin in the blood." 3. "The test detects circulating antibodies against red blood cells (RBCs)." 4. "The test detects the presence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)."

3

A client with cirrhosis is being treated for hypernatremia. On reviewing the laboratory values for the client, the nurse determines that treatment is effective if which laboratory result is noted? 1. Urine specific gravity of 1.040 2. Serum sodium value of 150 mEq/L (150 mmol/L) 3. Serum sodium value of 145 mEq/L (145 mmol/L) 4. Serum osmolality of 300 mOsm/kg (300 mmol/kg)

3

A client's laboratory test results reveal an increased transferrin level and a decreased iron-binding capacity. The nurse interprets that these laboratory results are compatible with anemia because of which problem? 1. Infection 2. Malnutrition 3. Iron deficiency 4. Sickle cell disease

3

An adult female client has a hemoglobin level of 10.8 g/dL (108 mmol/L). The nurse interprets that this result is most likely caused by which condition noted in the client's history? 1. Dehydration 2. Heart failure 3. Iron deficiency anemia 4. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

3

The ambulatory care nurse is reviewing an adult client's laboratory test results and notes that the hematocrit level is 60% (0.60). The nurse recognizes that this level is most likely to be found in clients with which diagnosis? 1. Leukemia 2. Hemolytic anemia 3. Pernicious anemia 4. Iron deficiency anemia

3

The clinic nurse is caring for an infant who has been diagnosed with primary hypothyroidism. The nurse is reviewing the results of the laboratory tests for thyroxine (T4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). Which laboratory finding indicates a diagnosis of primary hypothyroidism? 1. A normal T4 level 2. An elevated T4 level 3. An elevated TSH level 4. A decreased TSH level

3

The evening shift nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client's urine culture showing 100,000 bacterial units/mL of urine. What should be the nurse's action? 1. Notify the HCP during rounds in the morning. 2. No action is needed because this is normal value. 3. Page the health care provider (HCP) with the results. 4. Collect another urine specimen to confirm the results.

3

The nurse in the respiratory care unit completes a lung assessment and reviews the laboratory results of a serum medication level assay for a client receiving theophylline. The nurse determines that a therapeutic medication level has been achieved by indication of which value? 1. 8 mcg/mL (44 mcmol/L) 2. 9 mcg/mL (50 mcmol/L) 3. 18 mcg/mL (100 mcmol/L) 4. 26 mcg/mL (144 mcmol/L)

3

The nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of fluid volume overload. The nurse reviews the laboratory test results and would expect to note which finding about the hematocrit level? 1. Normal 2. Increased 3. Decreased 4. Insignificant related to the condition

3

The nurse is monitoring for agranulocytosis in a client who is taking clozapine. The nurse should check which serum laboratory result to determine the presence of agranulocytosis? 1. Basophil count lower than normal 2. Creatinine level greater than normal 3. White blood cell (WBC) count lower than normal 4. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level greater than normal

3

The nurse is reviewing the client's results of preadmission laboratory studies for a complete blood count, electrolytes, coagulation studies, and creatinine before a surgical procedure. Which laboratory result should the nurse report immediately to the surgeon? 1. Platelet count 210,000 mm3 (210 x 109/L) 2. Serum creatinine level 0.8 mg/dL (71 mcmol/L) 3. Hemoglobin (Hgb) level 8.9 g/dL (89 mmol/L) 4. Serum sodium level 141 mEq/L (141 mmol/L)

3

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory results for a client with a diagnosis of leukemia and notes that the absolute neutrophil count is decreased. The nurse interprets this to mean that the client is at risk for which problem? 1. Anemia 2. Bleeding 3. Infection 4. Dehydration

3

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results for a client and notes that the differential white blood cell (WBC) count indicates a shift to the right. The nurse suspects that the client's diagnosis is most likely to be which one? 1. Sepsis 2. Pneumonia 3. Pernicious anemia 4. Coronary artery disease

3

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results for a client seen in the clinic. The nurse determines that the white blood cell (WBC) count is normal if which value is noted on the laboratory report? 1. 2000 mm3 (2 × 109/L) 2. 3600 mm3 (3.6 × 109/L) 3. 8600 mm3 (8.6 × 109/L) 4. 13,500 mm3 (13.5 × 109/L)

3

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results for a client seen in the health care clinic. The nurse determines that the client's platelet level is normal if which value is noted? 1. 70,000 mm3 (70 × 109/L) 2. 110,000 mm3 (110 × 109/L) 3. 160,000 mm3 (160 × 109/L) 4. 500,000 mm3 (500 × 109/L)

3

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results for a client seen in the health care clinic. The nurse notes that the red blood cell (RBC) count is increased. The nurse interprets that this finding may be related to which condition or treatment? 1. Iron deficiency 2. Vitamin deficiency 3. Corticosteroid therapy 4. Bone marrow depression

3

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results for a client with a diagnosis of thrombocytopenia purpura. The nurse should expect the results for platelet aggregation to be at which level? 1. Normal 2. Increased 3. Decreased 4. Insignificant

3

The nurse receives a telephone laboratory report indicating that a diabetic client has a glycosylated hemoglobin (HgbA1c) level of 7.6%. In which priority area should the nurse plan to provide diabetic teaching? 1. Avoidance of infection 2. Rotation of insulin injection sites 3. Measures to prevent hyperglycemia 4. Avoidance of hypoglycemic episodes

3

To detect the development of a chronic carrier state in a client with hepatitis, which laboratory test should the nurse assess? 1. Hepatitis B virus DNA 2. Prolonged prothrombin time 3. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) 4. Antibody to surface antigen (anti-HBs)

3

Which outcome should the nurse expect to observe in the client who is recovering from viral hepatitis without complications? 1. Presence of asterixis 2. Increasing prothrombin time values 3. Decrease in aspartate aminotransferase (AST) 4. Decreased absorption of vitamin K in the intestine

3

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results for a client seen in the clinic. The nurse determines that the urine specific gravity is normal if which value is noted on the laboratory results? 1. 1.001 2. 1.003 3. 1.019 4. 1.036

3 (1.005-1.030)

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results for a client seen in the health care clinic. The nurse determines that the serum protein level is normal if which value is noted on the laboratory report? 1. 0.9 g/dL (9 g/L) 2. 2.7 g/dL (27 g/L) 3. 7.0 g/dL (70 g/L) 4. 9.2 g/dL (92 g/L)

3 (6.4-8.3)

The nurse is reviewing the medication list for a client seen in the health care clinic. The nurse determines that which medications will increase the sodium level? Select all that apply. 1. Laxatives 2. Stool softeners 3. Anabolic steroids 4. Oral contraceptives 5. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs

345

A client brought to the emergency department states that he has accidentally been taking 2 times his prescribed dose of warfarin for the past week. After noting that the client has no evidence of obvious bleeding, the nurse plans to take which action? 1. Prepare to administer an antidote. 2. Draw a sample for type and crossmatch and transfuse the client. 3. Draw a sample for an activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) level. 4. Draw a sample for prothrombin time (PT) and international normalized ratio (INR).

4

A client is receiving a continuous intravenous infusion of heparin sodium to treat deep vein thrombosis. The client's activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) is 65 seconds. The nurse anticipates that which action is needed? 1. Discontinuing the heparin infusion 2. Increasing the rate of the heparin infusion 3. Decreasing the rate of the heparin infusion 4. Leaving the rate of the heparin infusion as is

4

A client with a history of gastrointestinal bleeding has a platelet count of 300,000 mm3 (300 × 109/L). The nurse should take which action after seeing the laboratory results? 1. Report the abnormally low count. 2. Report the abnormally high count. 3. Place the client on bleeding precautions. 4. Place the normal report in the client's medical record.

4

A client with diabetes mellitus has a glycosylated hemoglobin A1c level of 9%. On the basis of this test result, the nurse plans to teach the client about the need for which measure? 1. Avoiding infection 2. Taking in adequate fluids 3. Preventing and recognizing hypoglycemia 4. Preventing and recognizing hyperglycemia

4

After completing an assessment and reviewing the laboratory test results of a client admitted to the hospital with acute abdominal pain, the nurse should take action for which noted serum amylase level? 1. 54 Somogyi units/dL (27 U/L) 2. 100 Somogyi units/dL (50 U/L) 3. 120 Somogyi units/dL (60 U/L) 4. 200 Somogyi units/dL (100 U/L)

4

The long-term care nurse about to give a daily dose of digoxin is told that a serum digoxin level drawn earlier in the day measured 1.4 ng/mL (1.7 nmol/L). Which action should the nurse take first? 1. Administer the daily dose of the medication. 2. Report the finding to the health care provider (HCP). 3. Record the normal value on the intershift report sheet. 4. Gather data from the client related to signs of toxicity.

4

The nurse is evaluating the laboratory test results for a client with diabetes mellitus seen in the health care clinic. The nurse determines that which glycosylated hemoglobin level value shows poor adherence to therapy? 1. 6% 2. 7% 3. 7.5% 4. 10%

4

The nurse is reviewing the electrolyte panel results for an assigned client who is taking a potassium supplement. The nurse should determine that a therapeutic effect is present if which value is noted? 1. 2.8 mEq/L (2.8 mmol/L) 2. 3.0 mEq/L (3.0 mmol/L) 3. 3.3 mEq/L (3.3 mmol/L) 4. 4.0 mEq/L (4.0 mmol/L)

4

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results and notes that the prothrombin time (PT) is 7.0 seconds. The nurse understands that this PT value would be noted in which condition? 1. Hepatic disease 2. Cirrhosis of the liver 3. Factor VII deficiency 4. Deep vein thrombosis

4

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results for a client and notes that the albumin level is 3.0 g/dL (30 g/L). The nurse understands that this laboratory value would be noted in which condition? 1. Diarrhea 2. Dehydration 3. Multiple myeloma 4. Cirrhosis of the liver

4

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results for a client seen in the health care clinic and notes that the hematocrit value is 30% (0.30). The nurse determines that this hematocrit value is most likely to be associated with which condition? 1. Dehydration 2. Pernicious anemia 3. Polycythemia vera 4. Iron deficiency anemia

4

The nurse notes that a client's lithium level is 3.9 mEq/L (3.9 mmol/L). What is the nurse's priority action in response to this finding? 1. Determining visual acuity 2. Assisting with ambulation 3. Monitoring intake and output 4. Instituting seizure precautions

4

The nurse provides instructions to the parent of a newborn to bring the infant to the well-baby clinic for a phenylketonuria rescreening blood test. The nurse determines that the parent understands the need for the test when which statement is made? 1. "It can detect heart disease in my baby." 2. "It will discover the presence of cancer in my baby." 3. "It will check for the presence of a genetic condition in my infant." 4. "It will allow me to institute measures to prevent complications if the level is elevated."

4

A client who has a serum potassium (K+) level of 2.9 mEq/L (2.9 mmol/L) tells the nurse that he does not feel like eating lunch. The nurse checks his serum digoxin level from that morning and notes that it is 1.0 ng/mL (1.2 nmol/L). What should the nurse determine about this digoxin level? 1. Low 2. Extremely toxic 3. Within the therapeutic range 4. Just above the high end of the therapeutic range

4 (0.5-0.8)

The nurse is reviewing an adult male's serum creatinine level of 4.0 mg/dL (353 mcmol/L). What does this level indicate? 1. Low 2. Normal 3. Slightly elevated and needs referral 4. Very high, indicating severe renal failure

4 (normal is 0.5-1.2)