Laboratory Management Finals Reviewer
B) Chemical Examination of Urine
Association Item: Chek-stix -A) Microscopic Examination of Urine -B) Chemical Examination of Urine -All of the above -None of the above
None of the Above
Association Item: Includes data for calibration and QC of tests -A) Safety Manual -B) Quality Management Manual -Both A & B -None of the Above
generation x
GENERATIONS: flexible
Statement is related to both A and B
Association Item: Refers to the diminished monetary value of the services: A. Straight-line depreciation B. Accelerated depreciation -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
None of the Above
Association Item: Specimen Rejection Criteria -A) Administrative Manual -B) Technical Manual -Both A & B -None of the Above
None of the above
Association Item: Trichrome Stain -A) Microbiology -B) Histopathology -All of the above -None of the above
A) Policy Manual
Association Item: contains the philosophy of the company -A) Policy Manual -B) Procedure Manual -Both A & B -None of the Above
Statement is related to A only
Association: Based on Vrooms and Yettons, Uses information available to you regardless of the source, A.AI B.AII -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
current procedural terminology codes
CPT codes stand for...
ORT
This indicates when supplies should be ordered -EOP -EOQ -ORT -Lead Time -None of the Above
All of the above
Which of the following statements is/are TRUE about the 1(2S) rule? -A) Accept the run on first occurrence -B) Random error -C) QC value exceed -2SD -D) Warning Rule -B & D only -All of the above
8/80-hour rule
a special provision to the wage and hour law that allows healthcare employees to work extended periods of time
CPT codes
a standard means of identifying and documenting services performed
reliability
ability to maintain accuracy and precision
employee
also known as worker
coefficient of variation
an index of precision
median
observation that divides observations into two groups each containing equal numbers of observations
urine
only material not included in OSHA's definition of bloodborne pathogens
preanalytical error
preanalytical/ analytical/ postanalytical error:
standard operating procedures
procedure manuals are otherwise known as
mission
general statement of how you will achieve the vision
intralab
important for daily monitoring of accuracy and precision of analytical methods
parallel staining
in histopathology, special stains should be accompanied by...
tight labor market
in this labor market condition, selection process is limited
-benches -cabinets
casework and interior design includes...
material management
consists of purchasing and the oversight of products after they arrive
lead time
it influences the minimum inventory that must be kept in stock as well as the quantity that needs to be requested
standardization
the primary objective of the procedure manual
secondary laboratory
type(s) of laboratory capable of performing glucose determination
1. Payback Period 2. ARR 3. Net present value 4. internal rate of return 5. required rate of return
types of quantitative tools
-what services are/aren't available during a crisis -sources for supplies -sleeping and feeding plans for staff -workflow and plans to handle increased service demand and demand for blood
special considerations included in a disaster plan
informal groups
structure of organization formed from the allegiance and interaction of people with common interest
line authority
supervisory responsibility assigned through the formal delegation of authority
discretionary tests
tests in which the clinet may select the location
Statement is related to B only
Association Item: Acquisition option reflected in the budget as supplies: A. Capital lease B. Operating lease -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is related to A only
Association Item: Company's budget adjustment based on the present inflation rate A. Forecast budgeting B. Flexible budgeting -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is related to A only
Association Item: Early retirement program of the government: A. Voluntary B. Involuntary -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is related to B only
Association Item: Employee malfeasance A. Voluntary B. Involuntary -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
A) Laboratory Service Manual
Association Item: Filling out of request form -A) Laboratory Service Manual -B) Specimen Collection Manual -Both A & B -None of the Above
Statement is related to A only
Association Item: Medical and Dental compensation package: A. Benefit B. Perks -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is not related to A nor B
Association Item: Monthly salary as compensation package: A. Benefit B. Perks -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
A) Administrative Manual
Association Item: Policies regarding vacation leave -A) Administrative Manual -B) Technical Manual -Both A & B -None of the Above
Statement is related to both A and B
Association Item: Refers to the depreciation that involves time and usage: A. Straight-line depreciation B. Accelerated depreciation -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
A) Administrative Manual
Association Item: contains the local numbers of different hospital departments -A) Administrative Manual -B) Technical Manual -Both A & B -None of the Above
A) Immunoserology
Association Items: use of positive and negative control -A) Immunoserology -B) Hematology -All of the above -None of the above
Statement is related to B only
Association: Asking of what happened from the med tech on duty, A.Definition B.Investigation -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Phrase is related to B only
Association: Bureaucratic organization can cause, A.Technical barrier B.Structural barrier -Phrase is related to A only -Phrase is related to B only -Phrase is related to both A and B only -Phrase is not related to A nor B
Statement is not related to A nor B Unstructured interview
Association: Discussing the issues freely in the interview, A.Patterned B.Stress -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is related to B only
Association: Establishment of committee system, A.Definition B.Identification of alternatives -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is related to both A and B
Association: Expects to have professional relationship in the laboratory. A.Employer B.Employee -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is related to A only
Association: Management process which monitors and measures feedback mechanism: A.Controlling B.Directing -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is not related to A nor B
Association: Management theory that relies on computer simulation: A.Scientific Management B.Behavioral management -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is both related to A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is related to A only
Association: Managers decide whether the objective was met or not, A.Implementation B.Definition -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is not related to A nor B
Association: Provides feedback and direction of the employee, A.Recruitment Process B.Selection Process -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
generation y
GENERATIONS: competitive
generation y
GENERATIONS: employers should get to know them personally, manged by results, be flexible with their schedule and work assignments, and provide feedback
generation x
GENERATIONS: employers should give them immediate feedback, provide flexible work arrangements and work balance, opportunities for personal development
baby boomers
GENERATIONS: employers should provide them with specific goals and deadlines,put them into mental roles, and offer coach-style feedback in order for them to work properly
generation z
GENERATIONS: entrepreneurial
generation z
GENERATIONS: great recession
traditionalists
GENERATIONS: lived through the korean war
traditionalists
GENERATIONS: loyal
generation y
GENERATIONS: merged families
general staff
LABORATORY CHANGE ROLES: must change the process while maintaining the quality of the present method
primary, secondary, tertiary
PRIMARY/SECONDARY/TERTIARY LABORATORY: clinical work area with sink
Adam Smith
Proponents of the Organizational Behavior in Management, EXCEPT: -Adam Smith -Elton Mayo -Rensis Likert -Douglas McGregor -No Exception
Assets = Equities + Liabilities
The Accounting Equation is: -Assets = Equities + Liabilities -Assets = Equities (Liabilities + Remaining Value) -Assets = Equities (Liabilities + Stockholder Equity) -Assets = Equities -None of the Above
Both A & B
The Policy Manual format follows the: -A) Outline Model -B) Subject headings should highlight the relationship of -the material -Both A & B -None of the Above
Setting of the vision of the organization
The following are the steps in Management Planning, EXCEPT: -Setting of the vision of the organization. -Evaluation of the current situation. -Forecast the needs of the organization. -Establishing steps to implement the plan. -No Exception
There is a single-based chain of command.
The following options describe Bureaucratic organization, EXCEPT: -There is a single-based chain of command. -Employees have set of duties to perform. -Have formalistic personality -Have qualification for hiring.
False
True/False: The Exploitative-Authoritative system of Likert believes that excellent performance results from reward system in the workplace. -True -False
Statement of Income and Retained Earnings
Which of the ff Financial Accounting Statements is considered as "Profit and Loss" statements? -Statement of Financial Position -Balance Sheet -Statement of Flow of Funds -Statement of Income and Retained Earnings -None of the above
Equivalent to the Predetermined Profit Level
Which of the following DOES NOT define Break-Even Point? -The point at which fixed costs will be covered -The net income is zero -All succeeding revenues past this will be considered as profit -Equivalent to the Predetermined Profit Level -None of the Above
All of the Above
Which of the following is/are TRUE about Traditional Work Schedules? -Consists of AM, PM and Night Shifts -Ideal type of work schedule for hospital laboratories that are open 24/7 -Before an employee times out for work, he/she -endorses pending processes to the next shift -limits interaction between different laboratory sections -All of the Above
pro forma budget
a budget based on the extrapolation of historical data
Traveling requisition
a catalog of products used to order supplies stocked by material management
-laboratorians -construction specialists
a project design team should include...
shift
a sudden switch of data points to another area of the control cart away from the previous mean
general policy
administrative organization is an example of what type of policy
random error
an error that may occur at any time and palce
compressed work cycle
an individual may work multi-shifts or extended time periods (10-, 12-, 16-hour shifts) within a 40-hour calendar week
systems analysis management
analytical view of an organization asa a complete, self-contained unit
zero-based budgeting
analyzes needs based on prioritizing of goals and objectives and not on past allocations
-advertising -sign up bonuses -employment agencies -employment institutions -unsolicited applications or walk-ins -professional organizations
approaches to conduct outside source recruitment campaign
outlier
are control values that are highly deviating//far from the main set of values
unit costs
it can determine the economic disability of performing the procedure in-house or sent out to reference laboratories
sum-of-year digits
meaning of SYD
-dynamic -canned/packaged
means and methods of communication
brainstorming
members freely throw out ideas for later evaluation without regard for validity
clinical pathology
microbiology belongs to what type of laboratory (according to function)
freelance employment
on-call MTs are an example of...
analytical error
preanalytical/ analytical/ postanalytical error: failture to perform periodic calibration of devices
postanalytical error
preanalytical/ analytical/ postanalytical error: failure to inform physician of results that require immediate attention
continuously reviewed and up-to-date
procedure manuals should be _______ and ________
surcharge/cost-plus
rate setting technique used for sent in-house fees
just-in-time
commitment by the supplier to guarantee delivery of an item at the exact moment of need
employment tests
common for jobs that require manual skills
-volume -method of payment -competition on other laboratories -certainty or timeliness of payment
competition and rate controls
statement of flow of funds
concerned with how the company gets its cash and how it makes profit
exit interview
conducted during the final week of employment as a method of identifying why personnel are leaving an organization
outlier
control values that go beyond 3SD
clinical pathology
cytogenetics belongs to what type of laboratory (according to function)
anatomic pathology
cytology belongs to what type of laboratory (according to function)
decentralization
decision making process is brought closer to hose who are actually performing the work
-welcoming -department tour -scheduling -safety rules
department policies and procedures (enumerate)
f-test
determine whether there is a statistically significant difference between the standard deviations of two groups of data
director
determines the direction the organization will take
SWOT analysis
determining the strengths weaknesses and opportunities and threats of the problem
frank and lillian gilbreth
developed methods analysis
douglas mcgregor
developed theory x and y
-ownership -function -institutional character -service capability
different classifications of clinical laboratories
vertical and horizontal
directions of communication
overriding principle of disposal
do not purchase or allow into your laboratory any substance for which a practical waste treatment disposal option is not available or have not been in contact with
material safety data sheets
document required by OSHA detailing safety information
performance monitoring
done by supervisors using direct observation or electronic surveillance
administrative manual
dress code may be found in what type of manual
departmental policies
dress codes is an example of what type of policy
authority
empowerment by formal job classification to make commitmetnts and act on behalf of the firm
-1 2s -2 2s -1 3s -4 1s -R 4s -10x
enumerate the different westgard control rule violations
preanalytical error
error that occurs before a sample is tested
analytical error
error that occurs during testing
systematic error
error that occurs in a predictable direction or pattern
systematic error
errors usually caused by equipment
random error
errors with manmade or technical causes
CON
established in an attempt to control spiraling medical costs
CON
established to avoid duplication of services and overbuilding of needs
cost of ordering
expenses of the purchasing section/number of purchase orders issued
fixed costs
expenses that do not fluctuate when the volume of work changes over a short time
-ability of the employee -time management skills of the manager -nature of tasks
factors to decide when to delegate
-be consistent. make sure your budget and proposal match -be conservative. economize when you can -be careful. provide for your basic needs as well as health and safety -use common sense, research skills and market study to arrive at specific line items -consider your laboratory capabilities and income
factors to remember in developing a budget
fire class B
flammable liquids and gases fall under what fire class
physical hazards
flammable liquids fall under what chemical hazard according to OSHA
tools of persuasion
focus on working with and through people
-persons working with flammable materials must be properly trained -10 gallons of flammable liquid per 5000 square feet of space can be stored in the open, outside of a safety room, cabinet or safety can -safety cans used take into consideration amount , and class of flammable material
guidelines set by the NFPA
clinical pathology
immunohematology belongs to what type of laboratory (according to function)
anatomic pathology
immunohistopathology belongs to what type of laboratory (according to function)
clinical pathology
immunology belongs to what type of laboratory (according to function)
-department of labor and employment (DOLE) -civil service commission (CSC) -national council of disability affairs (NCDA) -department of health (DOH) -department of social welfare and development (DSWD) -bureau of internal revenue (BIR)
implementing agencies of RA 10524
VMG
important statements that define an organization or an institution
white
in the NFPA hazards identification system, this color represents specific hazards
strong or very important relationship
in the department relationship matrix, solid circles represent...
ordinary or no relationship
in the department relationship matrix, squares represent...
withdrawals
income withdrawn for personal use
job description
informs the employee with specificity about the expectations of the job
external quality control
interlab QC program
-leadership style -implementation route -circumstances
intervention tools the manager selects are determined by
-participatory strategy of education -discussion -fact presentation -explicit orders
intervention tools used in change strateies
internal quality control
intralab QC program is also known as
management by objectives
introduced by peter drucker in the 1960's
peter drucker
introduced management by objectives
-fair and consistent treatment of all employees -standardized performance and behavior -information of day-to-day operations
issues to be addressed in manuals
decision making
selecting an alternative from a set of alternatives
line authority
straight line authority
laboratory service manual
test/services provided may be found in what type of manual
captive revenue test
tests in which the patients have no choice of location
-identification of hazardous material -physical/chemical characteristics -specific health hazard data -personal protection equipment -fire and explosive nature; reactivity -safe handling, storage, spill/leak control, disposal
the MSDS consists of...
specificity
the ability to measure only the analyte of interest
sensitivity
the ability to measure the smallest concentration of the analyte
worker(s) involved in the accident
the accident investigation form must be completed by who
communication
the act or process of receiving and communicating messages
ARR
the average yield over the life of an investment
financial accounting
the branch of accounting that records the "bottom-line" financial activities of the organization
labor relations
the company's dealings with labor unions
need
the root of any employment decision
-workload needed -employee specialties
the scheduling process is dependent on...
staffing process
the scheduling process is preceded by what process
project manual
the spec book is also known as...
quality assurance
the sum of all activities in which the laboratory is engaged to ensure that information generated by the laboratory is correct
1 year
the usual time frame for a capital item
salvage value
the value of an item at the time of resale, trade-in, or disposal
-evolutionary changes -opportunity changes -emergent changes
three levels of change
-preventive -assessment -corrective
three major activities of QA
-percentage of revenue -index ratios -actual expected (known) annual costs
three techniques for forecasting costs
-transactional change -transitional change -transformational change
three types of change
health hazards
tissue corrosives fall under what chemical hazard according to OSHA
chief executive officer
top administrator/manager of an organization
primary laboratory
type(s) of laboratory capable of performing qualitative platelet count
tertiary laboratory
type(s) of laboratory capable of performing special clinical chemistry
-external manual -internal manual
types of procedure manuals
-good listening skills -empathy
ways to improve communication process
purchase order, traveling requisition, standing orders
what are the different documents relating to supplies
class B flammable material
what class of flammable material is acetone
average rate of return
what does ARR mean
certificate of need
what does CON mean
economic ordering point
what does EOP mean
flush the area with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes
what should you do in case of chemical spills
None of the Above
Association Item: contains information in handling biological samples/ dangerous substances -A) Administrative Manual -B) Technical Manual -Both A & B -None of the Above
Statement is not related to A nor B
Association: Informal sources of communication network, A.Monthly meetings B.Professional Conventions -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is related to B only
Association: Laboratory management team that responsible for the Quality Control results in the section: A.Laboratory Supervisor B.Bench-level supervisor -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is related to B only
Association: Lay-off of nurses resulting from bankruptcy, A.Voluntary Termination B.Involuntary Termination -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is related to A and B
Association: Organizational chart showing layers of management team: A.Tall Structure B.Flat structure -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is related to A only
Association: The gaffer refers to: A. Employer B. Employee -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is related to A only
Association: The proprietor of the laboratory. A.Employer B.Employee -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Phrase is related to A only
Association:Press conference, A.Dynamic Communication B.Packaged communication -Phrase is related to A only -Phrase is related to B only -Phrase is related to both A and B -Phrase is not related to both A nor B
Causes of the problems
The herringbone in the fish-bone analysis represents: -Causes of the problems -Alternative solutions to the problems -Basic options to the problem -Pros and cons of the solution -All of the given choices
None of the given choices
What is the annual depreciation cost of the chemistry analyzer if it purchased with a price ofP550,000.00 but after 5 years of usage, it can be resell in the market for P480,000.00? -P 80,000.00 -P 100,000.00 -P 120,000.00 -P 140,000.00 -None of the given choices
All of the Above
What is the reason why clerical and administrative offices should be separated from areas with hazardous materials? -A) Avoid cross-contamination -B) Clerical staff are not trained to handle hazardous materials -C) Clerical staff normally do not wear PPE -A & C only -All of the Above
P 480,000.00
What is the salvage value of the chemistry analyzer if it was purchased with a price ofP550,000.00 but after 5 years of usage, it can be resell in the market for P480,000.00? -P 550,000.00 -P 480,000.00 -P 70,000.00 -P 14,000.00 -None of the given choices
P 53.76
What is the supply expense of the chemistry analyzer on January 2020 if during that month, the laboratory spent P25,000.00 for its operation having an average of 15 specimens per day? -P 50.76 -P 53.76 -P 55.76 -P 58.76 -None of the given choices
Functional authority
What is the type of authority that allows doctors to request for second copy of results in the laboratory? -Staff authority -Manager's authority -Line authority -Functional authority -Automatic authority
Analysis of future trends
What method is employed when a laboratory projects workloads by examining which tests are gaining in popularity and which tests are becoming obsolete? -Historical Records -Analysis of foreseeable changes -Analysis of future trends -None of the Above
Handle below waist level
What practice is observed when handling corrosive chemicals? -Handle above waist level for easier manipulation and thus, prevent accidents -Handle at the eye level with face shield so that you can see what you're doing clearly -Handle below waist level -All of the above -None of the Above
All of the Above
What process needs to be done to ensure the staffing pool is continually replenished should there be any unanticipated resignations? -Hire new Med Techs even if the staffing requirements -are already met -Train generalists into special departments -All of the Above -None of the Above
Find alternative routes to relay messages
What should be done if phone call is the major communication way in your laboratory but it is down due to typhoon? -Provide feedback to your superior. -Find alternative routes to relay messages. -Wait for the order from your superior on what to do. -Ensure that the outcome is within the ability of the receiver to perform. -None of the given choices.
Equal employment opportunity commission
What the EEOC stands for
A & B
Which of the following information is NECESSARY to compute for the EOP? -A. Annual Usage -B. Lead Time -C. Cost of Ordering -A & B -A & C -All of the Above
All of the Above
Which of the following information is NECESSARY to compute for the EOQ? -A. Annual Usage -B. Cost of Ordering -C. Annual Holding Costs -A & B -A & C -All of the Above
A & C
Which of the following information is NECESSARY to compute for the ORT? -A. Annual Usage -B. Lead Time -C. EOQ -A &B -A & C -All of the Above
In case of fire due to ethanol, foam spray type of fire extinguishers can be used
Which of the following is/are TRUE about the correct handling of ethanol, one of the most widely used dehydrating agent in Histopathology? -for safety reasons, up to 1 pint of the material can be stored in safety cans -In case of fire due to ethanol, foam spray type of fire extinguishers can be used -wet chemical type of fire extinguisher is effective against fire due to ethanol -A & C only -All of the Above
A & B only
Which of the following is/are considered as assets in the Medical Laboratory? -A. Cash holdings -B. Automated Analyzers -C. Accounts Payable -D. A & B only -E. All of the Above
Both
Who are at fault when back orders and delay happen? -Supplier only -Purchasing laboratory only -Both
quality control
a system of ensuring accuracy and precision in the laboratory by including quality control reagents in every series of measurements
weighted-value basis
a weighted value is assigned to a test and then multiplied by a cost-per-weighted-unit factor
diagnostic sensitivity
ability of the test to detect the proportion of individuals with that disease who test positively with the test
diagnostic specificity
ability of the test to detect the proportion of individuals without the disease who test negatively for the disease
diagnostic specificity
ability to generate more true positive results and a few false negative resutls
precision
ability to give repeated results that agree with one another
prioritizing
applicants are placed in order according to their desirability
elimination
applicants are weeded out and the most desirable is identified
block and schematic drawings
are preliminary floor plans or sketches representing the first efforts of the architect to put the functional narrative document on paper
cost center
areas the provide services that benefit the entire institution but cannot be directly assigned an individual chargeable item
mean
arithmetic average for all the data contained in a sample population
laboratory service manual
billing practices/insurance may be found in what type of manual
goals
broad long-term ambitions
-clinical pathology -anatomic pathology
classification of clinical laboratories by function
scalar principle
clear definition of authority in an organization
clinical pathology
clinical chemistry belongs to what type of laboratory (according to function)
divisional organizational chart
companies organized by division or department
controlling
comparing what has actually been accomplished with the original master plan
physical hazards
compressed gas falls under what chemical hazard according to OSHA
general policy
confidentiality and release of patients results is an example of what type of policy
connotation
context and non-verbal messages associated with a word or phrase
quality management manual
coordination and integration with the institutional quality plan may be found in what type of manual
laboratory management index program
cost comparison standards currently used by laboratories
-listen -compliment -no surprises -avoid confrontation -do not dominate -be clear and open -use clean simple, and appropriate language -6 W/H points -do not misinterpret or overdramatize
effective communication at meetings
management by objectives
embodies all of the concepts in the management process
quality assurance
encompasses all endeavors, procedures, formats, and activities directed towards ensuring that a specific quality or product is achieved or maintained
absenteeism
failure to meet the standard for attendance set by the laboratory
utilization review
hospital and physician review
1 pint
how much isopentane can be stored within a safety can
1 gallon
how much xylene can be stored within a safety can
-utilization review -peer review organization -critical-care pathways
indicators of quality performance
staff authority
influence exerted through the control of support services
-time frame -forecasting stage -scheduling stage -synthesis of information
issues that must be addressed in preparing an operational budget
scalar principle
linear system of authority
depreciation
long-term fixed assets whose value decreases over time
formal bureaucracy
officially sanctioned lines of authority assigned by the owners
-fines for the laboratory -loss of benefits for the employee
penalties of not being able to report accidents in the lab include...
synectics
people with a variety of backgrounds are brought together
safety officer
persons who functions for the implementation and day-to-day management of safety programs
universal precaution
policy of treating blood, tissues, body fluids, and other potentially threatening materials as equally hazardous
general policies
policy that is relevant to the whole institution and applies to all departments
departmental policies
policy which applies exclusively to the laboratory level
-increased number of resignations -lack of training
possible reasons to why there is a shortage of staff
analytical error
preanalytical/ analytical/ postanalytical error: calibrate the instrument
preanalytical error
preanalytical/ analytical/ postanalytical error: delta check
standardization
prevents creativity and discourages innovation, and reduces everything to its lowest common denominator
structural features
protective measures involving: -layout of counter and bench space -storage, processing and disposal center -ventilation and temperature in room -corrosive must never be handled above waist level
quality
provides a high level of assurance
-probability analysis -queuing theory -linear programming -stimulation
quantitative decision making techniques
R 4s
range between two values exceed four SDs
hourly rate
rate setting technique used for heart monitors
surcharge/cost-plus
rate setting technique used for items that can be charged individually
employee evaluation
recognizing job excellence and determining areas for development and training
conditions of the labor market
recruitment objective is highly dependent on this
staffing personnel pool
refer to the available staff and their employment status
administrator
runs an organization within the framework of the various directives and policies
quality
safety and effectiveness built into the product/test
internal manual
safety manual is an example of what type of manual
operating lease
the lease can be cancelled at any time without further commitment by the firm
payback period
the length of time it will take to recover the cash outlays for a project
fluorescent orange red
the lettering/symbols of labels and signs should be in what color
AAB and CAP
the most widely known proficiency surveys are issued by which agencies
clinical pathology
therapeutic drug monitoring belongs to what type of laboratory (according to function)
ACCEPT
Decide whether to accept or reject the run when the mean value is 11.3, SD is 3.21 and the QC run is 16 -ACCEPT -REJECT -Warning Rule: reject when 2nd consecutive value is equal to or greater than 16
Cognitive
Decision making that gives importance to the present situation and the alternatives that maybe present in the surroundings, -Psychological -Normative -Cognitive -All of the given choices -None of the given choices
Psychological
Decision making that is based on the set of norms and values of an individual, -Psychological -Normative -Cognitive -Logical -Naturalistic
generation z
GENERATIONS: global
44.36
Give the variance for these given value: 75,79,88 -44.36 -8.26 -49.98 -0.05 -8.76
R(4S)
Give the violation of this QC run: SD is 7, first run is 60 and the second run is 82 -1(2S) -1(3S) -4(1S) -R(4S) -10X
Trend
Given the mean value of 11.3 and the QC runs for four days are as follows: 11, 9, 8, 4. The pattern is said to be: -Trend -Shift -Dispersion -Drift -Outlier
unit cost per tests
traditional cost accounting methods focus on...
orientation
training of laboratory personnel begins during...
employee and employer
two key persons in personnel
-logical -naturalistic
types of decision making
criteria-based, and competency-based
types of evaluation
open and closed shop
types of labor unions
-justification -prioritization -opportunity costs
types of narrative tools
1. forecast budgeting 2. flexible budgeting 3. zero-based budgeting
types of operational budgets
-legal -hybrid -voluntary association -secret organization
types of organization
voluntary and involuntary
types of separation and employment termination
1. minimum-maximum 2. just-in-time
types of stock replenishment techniques
westgard control rules
used for accepting or rejecting a control run
opportunity cost
value of what is given up in order to pursue another project
unknown
values of patient samples prior to examination are...
reference check
verification of training and experience claimed by an applicant
representative
ROLES OF A MANAGER: face of the company/institution
person
ROLES OF A MANAGER: made and not born
representative
ROLES OF A MANAGER: member of the board of directors and those they supervise
servant
ROLES OF A MANAGER: provides the needs of the staff
person
ROLES OF A MANAGER: responsible for and to other people
person
ROLES OF A MANAGER: use all these resources to get things done
-employee's departure -increase in workload -change in work process that requires a person with special skills or training
Reasons for a company to hire a new employee
Ordering supplies in excess quantities
Inventory Management is a continual process of all of the following, EXCEPT: -Checking stock levels -Rotating stocks to ensure freshness -Ordering supplies in excess quantities -All of the Above -None of the Above
No Exception
Issues included in the exit interview, EXCEPT: -Working conditions -Competitiveness in the salary -Fairness of company policies -Performance appraisal system -No Exception
A- Balance Sheet
It compares an organization's total assets to its total liabilities -A- Balance Sheet -B- Profit and Loss Statements -C- Income Statements -A & C -B & C
Staffing Process
It determines the number & type of personnel needed to match with current workload requirements -Staffing Process -Scheduling Process -All of the Above -None of the Above
Purchase Order
It is a document issued by the buyer to authorize the purchase of a product from a seller indicating the agreed price for the said product -Sales Order -Travelling Requisition -Standing Order -Purchase Order
Random Check
MedTech José Protasio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda noticed that the census for the Pack-BAC reagent indicates that there is only one reagent pack left. Upon checking, he saw that there were 10 packs left! What technique for inventory level check did MedTech José Protasio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda employ? -Periodic Check -Random Check -Perpetual System -Minimum-Maximum -Just-in-Time
domestic helpers
Minimum wage rate applies to the following, EXCEPT: -factory workers -medical technologists -nurses -domestic helpers -no exception
FALSE
TRUE/FALSE: intake of requisitions or specimen is easy to remedy as responsibility lies on patient and doctors, not on the laboratory staff
100% responsible for the employee's safety
The employer has the moral and legal obligation to the following, EXCEPT: -Employee's training -PPEs for the employees -100% responsible for the employee's safety -Safe working environment -No Exception
Absenteeism
The failure to meet the standard for attendance set by the laboratory: -Absence -Absenteeism -All of the Above -None of the Above
P 1800.00 75 X 1.5 x 16
Problem Solving: Laboratory A observes shifting duties: AM-8-4, PM-4-12 and Night-12-8 with P600.00 per shift. Med Tech C had the following duty in a week: Mon-8-8, Tue-8-12, Wed-8-8, Thu-4-12 and Fri-4-12. How much overtime pay will Med Tech C received in a week? -P 1800.00 -P 1650.00 -P 1400.00 -P 1350.00 -None of the given choices
technical manual
QC may be found in what type of manual
-setting objetives -organizing -motivating and communicating -establishing standards -developing people
5 basic operations in the work of a manager
Statement is related to A only
Association: SWOT analysis, A.Definition B.Investigation -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
direct costs
BILLABLE PROCEDURE COSTS: instrumentation
Operates as closed system
Characteristics of an Organizational System, EXCEPT: -Have purposeful task -Operates as closed system -Seeks stability -Have mechanism of self-regulation -No Exception
linear programming
DECISION MAKING TECHNIQUES: allocates limited resources among competing needs
baby boomers
GENERATIONS: 1946-1964
generation x
GENERATIONS: independent
master charge description file listing
MCDFL stands for...
TRUE
TRUE/FALSE: communication plays a crucial role in altering individual's attitude
GII
VROOM AND YETTON DECISION STYLES: share the problem to subordinates in a meeting; make decision together
routine strategy
a repetitive task that needs minimally trained workers or workforce
CPT codes
a schedule of medical services and procedures listed by the american medical association
costs and inflation
according to the historical method, prices are based on changes in....
loyalty
advantage of senior staff
RA 10524
law that amended RA 7277
FV = PV*(1+k)^n FV=future value of investment PV=present value k=interest rate n=number of investment period (usually years)
net present value formula
special clinical laboratory
offers highly specialized lab services that are usually not provided by the general clinical laboratory
outright purchase
paying in full in one payment
surcharge/cost-plus
rate setting technique used for sent-out tests
health hazards
sensitizer fall under what chemical hazard according to OSHA
budget
serves as a tool and a benchmark for monitoring the performance of the organization throughout the fiscal year
formal communication source
source of information that exchanges information through work orders, memos, meetings, policy manuals, and job descriptions
client system
the entity/individual/unit that may need or desire a change
compensation management
the most visible aspect of the personnel process
ratios
this is the total expense divided by the total income
-job functions -organizational structure -people changes
three avenues through which the manager can implement change
known
values of control samples are...
when work exceeds 80 hours in a 2 week calendar period or more than 8 hours in a day >80 hours in 2 weeks >8 hours in a day
when are employers required to pay for overtime when using the 8/80 hour schedule
All of the Above
"Staffing Level" refers to: -Laboratory's expected level of service -The workload that results from the services offered -All of the Above -None of the Above
henry fayol
"management should be and orderly process"
for profit companies
-privately held companies in which the profits are distributed to the owners -exist to make money
stimulation
DECISION MAKING TECHNIQUES: design models to imitate real life conditions
pre-analytical
FACTORS AFFECTING COSTS: accessioning/processing the sample for testing
No exception
Forms of return of investment, EXCEPT: -Dividend -Capital gain -Monthly interest -Number of shares -No exception
technical supervisor
LABORATORY CHANGE ROLES: manages mistakes as they occur, and realign steps to ensure success
internal information
ORGANIZATION COMMUNICATION LINKS: data within the organization from management to worker
planned changes
PLANNED CHANGES/UNPLANNED CHANGES: transferring laboratory locations
primary
PRIMARY/SECONDARY/TERTIARY LABORATORY: 10 sq. m. floor area
secondary
PRIMARY/SECONDARY/TERTIARY LABORATORY: 20 sq. m. floor area
tertiary
PRIMARY/SECONDARY/TERTIARY LABORATORY: 60 sq. m. floor area
recognition
STEPS IN DECISION MAKING: a complaint
Logical
Selecting a site for an establishment of a laboratory based on a market study is an example of: -Psychological -Normative -Cognitive -Logical -Naturalistic
theory x
THEORY X/Y: authoritarian in nature
logical
TYPES OF DECISION MAKING: apply their knowledge in a given area to make informed decision
naturalistic
TYPES OF DECISION MAKING: done in extreme situations
NO EXCEPTION
To hire Med Techs depends on the following factors, EXCEPT: -Routine and special tests offered -Hospital workload -Competency level of the laboratory -Laboratory automation -NO EXCEPTION
variable costs
VARIABILITY BY VOLUME COSTS: reagents
TRUE
When a person is trapped inside a building, he/she will die of suffocation especially when the 'C' in RACE is done before 'R' -TRUE -FALSE
YES.
YES/NO: Giardano has a master's degree in medical laboratory science, however due to him studying for his masters, he was not able to receive training to gain a license to perform special tests. He works at the PDEA (Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency) Laboratory. His supervisor, Chad, is making the schedule. Is Chad allowed to put Giardano in charge of phlebotomy?
NO
YES/NO: chemicals that come in contact with skin should be neutralized
assets
are the resources used by the laboratory to conduct or start up the business
exposure control plan
as dictated by OSHA, the institution's policies and procedures must contain...
reference check
background reference investigations
liabilities
bills owed or other obligations
special clinical laboratory
blood banks are an example of what type of laboratory (according to service capability)
semantics
branch of communication science that studies the denotation and connotation of words and messages
off site testing and satellite labs
bringing the lab outside the hospital (ie. POCT)
frederick taylor
broke down each tasks into segments that could be analyzed for ways to improve efficiency
cost accounting
budgeting process of a firm
-recyclable materials -computer programs
building models may be constructed using...
technical manual
calibration may be found in what type of manual
decision making
cognitive process resulting fin the selection of a belief or a course of action
medical laboratory science
collection, processing, analysis of biological specimens
fire class D
combustible metals fall under what fire class
intralaboratory relationship
distance between the different sections of the laboratory
-halo effect -decision based on biases and perceived stereotypes -recency effects
errors in conducting final selection
-ABC powder
gaseous fires can be extinguished using...
-vision-mission -explaining organizational structure -salary discussions
general overview of the policies and procedures (enumerate)
-avoid running -wet floors -bend knees when lifting -keep hair pulled back -avoid dangling jewelry -wear closed toe shoes
general precautions to physical hazards include...
budgeting
it is through this that an organization turns its strategic plans into daily operations
supplies
items that are consumed within 1 year or have a shelf life of less than 1 year
technical manual
manual containing information and step-by-step instructions in operating instruments and performing tests and tasks
clinical pathology
molecular biology belongs to what type of laboratory (according to function)
hourly rate x 1.5 x overtime hours
overtime pay formula
private laboratory
owned and established by any private individual, corporation, association, and organization
physical hazards
oxidizers fall under what chemical hazard according to OSHA
transactional change
pamet seminars are an example of what type of change
-sensitivity -specificity -accuracy -precision -practicability -reliability -diagnostic sensitivity -diagnostic specificity
parameters of QC
selection
part of the hiring process that should be conducted after the interview, and includes an evaluation of the candidates' resume/application and information from the interview
exposure control plan
policies and procedures to identify potential hazards
minimal paperwork
projects costing less than a set limit require...
construction
structure and layout plan for entrances and exits falls under what front of fire prevention strategies
net present value
the future value of a dollar compared with today
-knowledge -skills -attitude (motivation)
three factors affection change
fire heat fuel
three ingredients of fire
fill the shift caused by understaffing
why is compression done
administrative manual
work schedule may be found in what type of manual
1 2s
1 control result exceeds 2SD
1 3s
1 control result exceeds 3SD
8/80 hour work cycle
10 days on and 4 days off during a 2 week period
-physical hazards -health hazards
2 classifications of chemical hazards according to OSHA
-financial -physical -human
3 categories of resources
1. laboratory responsibility 2. architectural and engineering responsibility 3. construction
3 phases of development and review process
-accept and provide active support -passively comply -resist the new plan
3 possible responses of the staff after implementation of the change strategy
-recruitment -selection -employment
3 steps of the hiring process
1. is it necessary to maintain present service levels? 2. will it provide significant savings over current 3. will it enhance or improve current programs? 4. will it offer new procedures or services?
4 categories proposal justifications can be grouped in
150 %
A CBC analyzer was bought with a purchased price of P800,000.00 but was sold for P650,000.00after 5 years having an annual income of P 1.2 M, what is the average rate of return? -50 % -110 % -150 % -180 % -None of the given choices
8 months
A CBC analyzer was bought with a purchased price of P800,000.00 but was sold for P650,000.00after 5 years of having an annual income of P 1.2 M, after what month is the pay back period of the said analyzer? -2 months -4 months -6 months -8 months -None of the given choices
6 months
A chemistry analyzer was bought with a purchased price of P550,000.00 but was sold forP480,000.00 after 5 years. After what month is the pay back period of the said analyzer if the annual income reaches P 1.2 M? -2 months -4 months -6 months -8 months -None of the given choices
american association of bioanalysts
AAB stands for
american association of blood banks
AABB stands for
annual income generated/purchase of project
ARR formula
Logical
Accepting or rejecting the null hypothesis is an example of what type of decision making? -Psychological -Normative -Cognitive -Logical -Naturalistic
Acquisition of new skills
Advantages of inside sources of recruits, EXCEPT: -Acquisition of new skills -Minimal training required -Loyalty commitment to the firm -Ensures continuity of service -No exception
-instrumentation -methodologies -organization -facility layouts -support resources
Among the factors influencing schedule decisions, the workplace involves the...
None of the Above
Annual Safety checks as recommended by OSHA should be done for electrical equipment: -Power needs of the laboratory -Damaged plugs and cords -Correct voltage & groundings -All of the Above -None of the Above
Cost Center
Areas that cannot be directly be assigned an individual chargeable item -Profit Center -Cost Center -Clinical Laboratory -Radiology -Pharmacy
Statement is related to A only
Association: Root-cause analysis, A.Definition B.Selection of Alternative -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
direct costs
BILLABLE PROCEDURE: specific costs
job functions
CHANGE IMPLEMENTATION AVENUES: change of tasks due to revision of policies and procedures or the introduction of new technology
american medical association (AMA)
CPT codes are listed by what organization
50%
Compute for the Contribution Margin Ratio of a CBC test price of P200 with a variable cost of P100 -P100 -P50 -0.5 -0.5% -50%
No exception
Considerations in establishing the minimum wage, EXCEPT: -City income -Inflation rate -Socio economic status -Geographic location -No exception
For-Profit
Corporations which distribute their profit to the owners -For-Profit -Not-for-Profit -All of the Above -None of the Above
Periodic Check
Every Friday in Hospital XYZ is the cut-off for requests for stock replenishment. All section heads perform inventory checks to determine the correct number of supplies to request. What inventory level check was performed by the section heads? -Periodic Check -Random Check -Perpetual System -Minimum-Maximum -Just-in-Time
informal
FORMAL/INFORMAL GROUPS: performance and commitment expectations - issue focused
formal
FORMAL/INFORMAL GROUPS: performance and commitment expectations - job and task standards
informal
FORMAL/INFORMAL GROUPS: purpose - peer motives
informal
FORMAL/INFORMAL GROUPS: shared opinions on how things should be done - social norms
generation x
GENERATIONS: 1965-1981
generation z
GENERATIONS: 2001-2020
87.33
Give the +1SD for these given value: 75,79,88 -87.33 -87.74 -80.67 -80.74 -88.67
Profit Center
Hospital departments which generates billable services: -For-Profit -Accrual Basis -Cash Basis -Profit Center -Cost Center
directing
MANAGEMENT PROCESS: achieving day-to-day tasks
denial
PERSONAL CHANGE CURVE: employees are in withdrawal, they tend to focus on the past and avoid the topic as much as possible
denial
PERSONAL CHANGE CURVE: ignorance and non-response to change
resistance
PERSONAL CHANGE CURVE: is often due to employees being fearful of the unknown
exploration
PERSONAL CHANGE CURVE: some employees may still be confused and have lock of focus along the way, but are optimistic already
Retained Earnings
Profit that is not withdrawn but is invested for future use -Assets -Equities -Liabilities -Retained Earnings -Remaining Value
organizational
SKILLS OF A MANAGER: ability to conceptualize and apply the management process
material management
Systematic process of overseeing and controlling the acquisition and utilization of supplies to ensure both availability and cost effectiveness
oxygen
The fire blanket functions by eliminating which ingredient/s of fire? -oxygen -fuel -heat -All of the above -None of the above
C - Routine Work Days
The skeleton stage plots the following, EXCEPT: -A - Scheduled Day Off -B - Requested Day Off -C - Routine Work Days -A & B -No Exception
True
True/False: A tertiary hospital based laboratory is an example of hierarchy of system organization. -True -False
Health Hazard
Wearing of masks is recommended when using basic fuchsin and congo red stains in the Histopathology section as these chemicals are classified by OSHA as: -Class A -Class B -Physical Hazard -Health Hazard -None of the Above
People barrier
What barrier in communication is exhibited if you are unreceptive to every suggestion of your colleague because you find him/her mean and bossy? -Problem in semantics -Technical problem -Structural barrier -People barrier -None of the given choices
B) Isopentane: Water
Which of the following flammable materials are MISMATCHED with the correct fire extinguisher? -A) Flat Screen TV: Foam Spray -B) Isopentane: Water -C) Cooking Oil: ABC Powder -A & C -B & C
Representative
Which role is being acted upon if the person attended a national convention in behalf of his/her organization? -Manager -Supervisor -Servant -Representative -All of the given choices are correct
Unplug the machine
Your friend has been recording Tiktok videos while on duty to demonstrate hand washing to her fans when you noticed she was already acting strange while touching the ADVIA Centaur CP machine. You are shocked to realize she is shocked! What should be your FIRST priority? -Shout for help and let experts handle the case -Do not attempt to move your friend -Turn off the laboratory's power source -Unplug the machine -None of the Above
policy manual
a document that contains policies that apply to the general and overall operations of the institution
project manual (construction guidelines proposal)
a document that contains the working drawings and detailed information on the types of building material and construction techniques to be used.
peer review organization
a federally mandated review program
voluntary
a group of volunteeers who operate without legal formalities
MCDFL
a menu of procedures and prices for services offered by a laboratory
straight-line depreciation
a method based on time element of depreciation
random checks
a method used to verify inventory levels
annually
according to OSHA's pathogen regulations, how frequent must information and training be accomplished
open-minded
advantage of new staff
-three shift package fits nicely into the 24 hour work day -stability and continuity to services and employees
advantages of traditional work schedules
functional authority
allows specialists to exercise control
net present value
also called time value of money
developmental change
also called transactional change
projection implementation
also called transitional change
financial accounting
also known as "score-keeping function"
planned changes
also known as anticipated changes
section head
also known as bench-level supervisor
interlab QC program
also known as external quality control
intralab QC program
also known as internal quality control
cost accounting
also known as managerial accounting
semi-variable costs
also known as marginal costs
anticipated changes
also known as planned changes
SYD
are depreciating asset by a depreciating factor unique each year
straight-line depreciation
as the product grows older, its value decreases and maintenance costs increase
-general overview of the policies and procedures -department policies and procedures -specific job duties
aspects of orientation program
organizing
assembling the necessary resources and people
bench-level supervisor
assess and train junior lab personnel
safety committee
assign to overall development and monitor of the safety management program
quality management manual
assignment of authority and responsibility ensuring quality standards are achieved is found in what type of manual
hospital laboratory
associated or located within the hospital
equities
capital spent on starting up the business
non-verbal
communication format that sometimes contain hidden messages
statement of income and retained earnings
compare the net profit for a specified period to the total expenses of doing business on that same period
statement of financial position
compares an organizations total assets to its total liabilities
unit of output
depreciation allowance based on unit output
standard deviation
describes the normal curve
frederick taylor
father of scientific management
1. open communication 2. gentle follow-up of suppliers
how can back orders and delays be avoided
at least annually
how frequently do most accrediting agencies require safety audits to be completed
quality assurance
includes the development of quality control rules
periodic system
inventory levels are checked according to an established timetable or schedule
-collection of data -interviewing the staff -gathering information
investigation includes
interest, dividends, or capital gains
investors expect to be rewarded for their patience by receiving a rate of return on an investment in the form of...
intralab
involves the analyses of control samples together with patient specimens
AABB and CAP
leaders in offering laboratory inspection and accreditation programs
recruitment
locating and attracting qualified job applicants
transactional change
most common type of change
mode
most frequent observation
organ
organon means
supervisor
oversees the activities of other employees to help them accomplish specific tasks or to perform scheduled activities efficiently
preanalytical error
preanalytical/ analytical/ postanalytical error: evaluating timeliness of the specimen
hourly rate
rate setting technique used for surgical suites
-hourly rate -surcharge/cost-plus -weighted-value basis -historical method -competition and rate controls
rate setting techniques
-streamlined decision-making -eliminating middle management -cost cuts and reduction of overhead -downsizing
reasons for reorganization
reception area
receiving of specimen usually occurs in what area
technical manual
safety may be found in what type of manual
-job descriptions -work assignments -relationships of co-workers
salary discussions (enumerate)
practicability
the degree by which a method is easily repeated
initial schematic drawing
the descriptive title given to the first attempt of architects to interpret the information in FND
director
they do not directly supervise in a technical sense, since their role is one of broad policy making
planning
thinking and analyzing portion of the management process that results in a formal strategy
-spatial relationships -bubble drawings -block and schematic drawings -department relationship matrix -building models
to prepare the FND, information must be gathered from...
elimination and prioritizing
two basic selection methods
-double declining balance (DDB) -sums-of-year digits (SYD)
two common techniques for accelerated depreciation
job sharing
two individuals share the responsibilities and benefits of a position usually filled by one worker
-projects costing less than a set limit -projects costing above the set limit
two parts of a capital budget according to the amount of expenditure
transactional change
type of change that is a continuous process
nominal grouping
type of systematic option review that discourages peer pressure and encourages creativity
40 hour work week
type of work schedule common in administrative and routing service areas
primary laboratory
type(s) of laboratory capable of performing cbc
accrual basis
used to accurately determine where costs and revenues are being generated and to predict expenditures and income
employment tests
used to test the knowledge level for professional positions
administrative manual
vacation may be found in what type of manual
-subordinate resistance to change -time to make a decision
vroom and yetton's continuum of decision styles are dependent on
management
working with and through people to accomplish a common vision, mission and goals
henry fayol
"planning is the most important"
RA 9231
"special protection of children against child abuse, exploitation, and discrimination act" that prohibits child labor
10x
10 consecutive results are on the same side of the target mean
2 2s
2 control result exceeds 2SD
-each job has a set of duties -hierarchy based chain of command -rules and regulations -"formalistic personality" without attachment of human emotions -hiring and firing are based on qualifications and performance
5 basic features of bureaucratic model
40 hour work week
5 days on and 2 days off
-traditionalists -baby boomers -generation x -generation y -generation z
5 generations working side by side in this year and time
-training -support -equipment -workload -resources -environment -oversight
As an employer, when it comes to hazards, you are obligated to provide employees with...
Statement is related to A only
Association Item: Company's budget adjustment based on historical facts and figures A. Forecast budgeting B. Flexible budgeting -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
A) Clinical Microscopy
Association Item: Hoeltge & Ersts -A) Clinical Microscopy -B) Microbiology -All of the above -None of the above
Statement is not related to A nor B
Association: Probability analysis tool, A.T-chart B.Root-cause -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
attitudes
BARRIERS OF EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION: emotions
physiological barriers
BARRIERS OF EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION: ill health, poor eyesight/hearing
language
BARRIERS OF EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION: jargons
ambiguity and overuse of abstractions
BARRIERS OF EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION: lack of clarity
jumping to conclusions
BARRIERS OF EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION: making assumptions
human
CATEGORIES OF RESOURCES: technical and support staff
job functions
CHANGE IMPLEMENTATION AVENUES: an ongoing process and is the most frequent method for introducing change
organizational structure
CHANGE IMPLEMENTATION AVENUES: changing the bureaucracy by reorganizing the management hierarchy
people
CHANGE IMPLEMENTATION AVENUES: replacement or changing the attitude/behavior of the current staff
Human Resources
Company department charged with finding screening, recruiting and training job applicants, as well as administering employee-benefit programs
personal judgement
DECISION MAKING TECHNIQUES: grows with: maturity experience formal training career advancement
Strategic planning
Establishing pros and cons before making a decision: -Complete investigation -Evaluation and Monitoring -Strategic planning -All of the given choices -None of the given choices
post-analytical
FACTORS AFFECTING COSTS: billing
analytical
FACTORS AFFECTING COSTS: depreciation
free translation
FORMS OF RESISTANCE TO CHANGE: "we'll implement my variation, it's better anyway
unconscious dissention
FORMS OF RESISTANCE TO CHANGE: "whatever the boss says"
-staffing -development -compensation -safety and health -employee labour relations
Five Core functions of the HR
baby boomers
GENERATIONS: optimistic
generation x
GENERATIONS: parents are often both working or divorced
generation z
GENERATIONS: progressive
generation x
GENERATIONS: resilient and independent but also cynical
baby boomers
GENERATIONS: sexual generation
ensure that the outcome is within the ability of the receiver to perform
IMPROVEMENT STRATEGIES TO COMMUNICATION BARRIERS: outcome
C- DOH
Implementing agencies of RA 10524: -A- LGU -B- NEDA -C- DOH -A and C only -All of the given choices
FALSE
In cases of very huge fires, the employee can neglect the 'E' in RACE. -TRUE -FALSE
Bench-level Supervisor
In the laboratory, who is the person responsible for training newly hired medical technologist in a particular area? -Chief Medical Technologist -Laboratory Supervisor -Bench-level Supervisor -Laboratory Director -All of the given choices are correct
211 packs
In this example, "Order 469 packs of Blood Agar plates each time the inventory drops to 211 (about every 16 days), identify the EOP: -469 packs/ order -16 days/ order -211 packs -None of the Above
No exception
Included in the formal communications in the laboratory, EXCEPT: -Memorandum -Policy Manual -Electronic mails -Monthly meetings -No exception
Clinical Laboratory
Lipid Panel is a billable service under which hospital department -Profit Center -Cost Center -Clinical Laboratory -Radiology -Pharmacy
directing
MANAGEMENT PROCESS: human factor stage
participative system
MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS: promotes general participation and decision making and goal setting
benevolent-authoritative
MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS: subordinates tend to be competitive
exploitative-authoritative system
MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS: uses threats and fear based methods
material safety data sheets
MSDS stands for
The 1st statement is false and the 2nd statement is true
Moore's type: The T-chart is a quantitative decision-making tool because it shows the advantages and disadvantages of the options to the problem. -The 1st and 2nd statements are true and related as to cause and effect -The 1st and 2nd statements are true but not related as to cause and effect -The 1st statement is true and the 2nd statement is false -The 1st statement is false and the 2nd statement is true -Both statements are false
The magna carta for persons with disability
Other name for RA 7277
Recognizing valuable employees in an organization
Part of the financial management skills of the manager, EXCEPT: -Distribution of dividend among shareholders. -Capital raising for the institution. -Economic fluctuations of the country -Recognizing valuable employees in an organization -No Exception
P 1350.00 56.25 X 1.5 X 16
Problem Solving: A Med Tech receives a salary of P450.00 per 8-hr shift a day. His supervisor requires him to do an overtime duty for 3 days: Mon-4 hrs, Tues-4 hrs, Wed-8 hrs. How much overtime pay he will receive in a week? -P 1000.00 -P 1250.00 -P 1300.00 -P 1350.00 -None of the given choices
-daily testing of reactivity of blood typing reagents -positive and negative controls in infectious disease testing -calibration of serologic centrifuges -temperature monitoring -inventory of blood units
QC in blood banking/immunoserology involves
Evaluation and monitoring
Re-branding and repackaging is the result of: -Complete investigation -Evaluation and monitoring -Strategic planning -In-depth analysis -All of the given choices
Variable Costs
Reagent costs fall under which type of costs? -Fixed Costs -Semi-variable Costs -Variable Costs -Total Costs -None of the Above
organizational
SKILLS OF A MANAGER: develop long and short range plans
theory x
THEORY X/Y: done if employees dislike their work
theory y
THEORY X/Y: managers trust employees
theory y
THEORY X/Y: participative approach
Blood Bank
The AABB requirements and recommendations apply to which department/s? -Clinical Chemistry -Hematology -Blood Bank -Clinical Microscopy -All of the Above
Assets = Equities + Loans/Liabilities
The Accounting Equation -Assets = Equities -Assets = Equities (Liabilities + Remaining Value) -Assets = Equities + Loans/Liabilities -Assets = Equities (Liabilities + Retained Earnings) -None of the Above
A- Financial Accounting
The accounting specialty whose end results are recorded in three basic statements -A- Financial Accounting -B- Cost Accounting -C- Managerial Accounting -A & C -B & C
The transmission
The laboratory director is giving his agenda during the meeting but you were not able to catch it because your friend was keeping asking questions about what the director is saying. Which part of the communication process was compromised? -The message -The transmission -The receiver -The feedback -All of the given answer
True
True/False: Delegation of authority in the workplace is difficult to some managers because of lack of confidence in their staff. -True -False
True
True/False: Frank and Lillian Gilbreth is responsible for developing performance standards in the workplace. -True -False
False
True/False: Hybrid type of organization includes social clubs and fraternities. -True -False
True
True/False: Management by Objectives utilizes management process to bring the concepts into practice in the workplace. -True -False
False
True/False: Organizational skills in management includes budgeting and accounting. -True -False
False
True/False: The Chief Medical Technologist is responsible for the expansion of services in the laboratory. -True -False
True
True/False: Traditionalist in the workplace requires respect and value stability. -True -False
Denotation barrier
What barrier in communication was exhibited if a message includes specialist jargon and abbreviation not understood by the receiver? -Technical barrier -Denotation barrier -Connotation barrier -Perception barrier -None of the given choices
Wet cloth
What can help you when you are evacuating from fire in a room filled with smoke? -STOP, DROP & ROLL -SHAKE, RATTLE & ROLL -DUCK, COVER & HOLD -Wet cloth -Fire Blanket
Provide explanation to what you mean
What should be done if you misinterpret your laboratory director because of generation gap? -Find alternative routes to relay your message. -Provide explanation to what you mean. -Pay attention to both content and context of the message. -Ensure that the outcome is within the ability of the receiver to perform. -None of the given choices
All of the Above
Why is a two-week schedule more practical in the Philippines than the one-month schedule used abroad? -Philippine hospitals have very rapid turn around rate of employees as a lot just come and go -Hospitals do not hire part time MTs making it difficult to fill slots in case of sudden change -Understaffing or the staffing pool just barely meet the staffing requirements -A lot of unanticipated turn of events might happen in a one-month schedule -All of the Above
glasses, masks, hoods
a barrier to splitters, splashes, and prays when processing infectious material
standing orders
a purchase order issued for a product or service to be delivered according to a preset schedule
TQM
a quality management program that includes each component in the creation process
system
a self-contained collection of interacting and interdependent components working toward a common purpose
gaussian curve
also called bell-shaped curve
elimination
also called comparison
bell-shaped curve
also called gaussian curve
time frame
an annual budget, which covers 1 year, is the main working guideline for management
disclosure
an effective control method for human elements in decision making
voluntary
an employee retires or accepts a position at another laboratory
cost of project salvage value/life expectancy of the machine
annual depreciation formula
orientation
beginning of the process of professional development and training
lyndall urwick
believed in the principle of the obective
statement of financial position
best known document issued by a company
mission
captures the key elements of the organization's pat and present
equities
claims on the assets of the organization
delta check
comparing patient's lab result with a previous lab result
monitoring of reagent and reagent strip reactivity
control systems for chemical examination in urinalysis
accounting codes
cost items are assigned a code included in a document called the chart of accounts
historical method
current prices are increased by a specific percentage, based on estimated changes in costs and inflation
peter drucker
defined 5 basic operations in the work of a manager
recruitment
designed to build a pool of candidates from which to select a person best suited to fill the position
t-test
determine whether there is a statistically significant difference between the means of two groups of data
product standardization committee
develop standards for selection and quality assurance
rensis likert
developed 4 management system to describe relationship of managers and subordinates
joan woodward and associates
developed by a technological model based on the company's type of production process
-formal hierarchy -informal relationships
dimensions of the organizational process
exempt and professional status
employees are exempted by salary levels or professional classification from the overtime provision of wage and hour laws
flexible work hours
employees are responsible for a set amount of work but are allowed to establish their own hours around a core period
horizontal communication
employees communicate to each other as peers
general policy
employment and personnel policies is an example of what type of policy
unstructured interview
employment interview with a broad agenda, where each party is free to discuss issues in depth with follow-up responses
-space -workflow -cabinetry -equipment -eentilation -lighting -plumbing -electrical -data
enable personnel to work easily and efficiently
-handwashing facilities -proper handling of sharps -drinking, eating, smoking ban -minimize procedures involving splashing spraying or generating aerosols -warning labels
engineering and work practice control
organization
entities that result from people joining togethere in pursuit of a common cause
nature of costs
essential management function to ensure solvency
craft strategy
extremely skilled workers that produce unique products
skill
factor affecting change involving a person's job specification,selection criteria, performance review, and training needs
-types of personnel needed -staffing levels -performance testing -workload projections
factors considered in the staffing process
-availability of staff -type and volume of work performed -the workplace
factors influencing schedule decisions
-strength of applications -attractiveness of the position available -receptiveness of those issued an invitation
factors that affect the number of persons interviewed
physical hazards
flammable solids fall under what chemical hazard according to OSHA
MTs in special departments and pathologists
flexible work hours are especially applicable to...
feedback
follow through and assertion that the message was received and understood
projection method
forecast budgeting is also known as
anatomic pathology
forensic pathology belongs to what type of laboratory (according to function)
outline model
format used in writing policy manuals
-priori -empirical -subjective
forms of probability analysis
-the negative view -apathy and indifference -pet project attitude -unconscious dissention -free translation -authoritarian approach
forms of resistance to change
potential income x probability
formula for payoff
EOQ
formula used to determine the quantity of supplies to order at one time
free-standing laboratory
freelance employment is usually applicable to what type of laboratory
8/80 rule
frequently used in healthcare facilities which allows employees to work up to 80 hours in a two-week period with no limit on the number of days worked in a row without being paid overtime
prioritization
giving relative importance or urgency of the project
-meeting and beginning a relationship exchanging information -verifying credentials that is written in CV -comparing with other candidates -evaluating suitability -predicting performance and probability of success
goals accomplished by an employment interview
1. supplies arrive in a timely manner 2. spoilage is reduced to a minimum 3. back orders and delays are avoided 4. storage space is used to the best advantage 5. the most economically advantageous price is observed
goals of material management
matrix scheme
grades crucial variables in each unit by grouping them according to the task to be performed, personnel needed, and the history of each section
quality
guarantees a short turn around time, and that there are no delays in the releasing of results
automation
has the greatest influence in laboratory productivity
-flags -control systems -order of draw -laboratory ambassador (phlebotomist)
hematology QC
clinical pathology
hematology belongs to what type of laboratory (according to function)
spatial relationship within the institution
hinder or expedite the flow of specimen within the laboratory
outside sources
hiring people from outside the organization
decoding
how the receiver translates the communication. determines the response
vroom and yetton's continuum of decision styles
identify the best decision making approach and leadership style to take based on the current situation
-function -area
in bubble drawings, circles represent...
-flow of information and work tasks
in bubble, drawings, lines and arrows represent...
-number of persons -types and skills of employees
in determining the availability of staff what must be considered
-FND -initial schematic description
in in the phases of development and review process, laboratory responsibility includes...
FALSE
in microbiology, positive controls are expected to have no growth
skills and technical ability
in terms of users, when writing policy and procedure manuals, one should consider their...
casework and interior design
includes benches and cabinets which provides some flexibility for future changes (ie. updating of machines and instruments)
statement of income and retained earnings
income statements or "profit and loss" statements
error
incorrect accept/reject or problem/no problem decision
direct costs
incurred to perform analysis and produce test results for a specimen in the lab
transformation
internal processing in the form of laboratory tests
health hazards
irritants fall under what chemical hazard according to OSHA
laboratory director
is also known as administrator
cost accounting
its emphasis on analyzing and providing operational information
financial accounting
its end result is recorded in three basic statements in which the balance sheet is most common
viable or special tests
just-in-time is effective for what type of test
routine test
just-in-time is ineffective for what type of test
perpetual system
keeps account of the inventory each time a product is used or removed from inventory
reagent rental plans
lab is provided with analyzer on the grounds that the lab would pay a cost per test to the manufacturer or distributors
closed shop
labor union considered illegal in the philippines
open shop
labor union where membership is not required to be employed
closed shop
labor union where union membership is required in order to be employed
departmental policies
laboratory organization is an example of what type of policy
external manual
laboratory service manual is an example of what type of manual
1. starting point 2. stabilizing period 3. termination
life cycle of an organization
building models
lifelike, built-to-scale replicas or color-coded blocks that represent people, counters, furniture and instruments
span of control
limit to the number of people one person can effectively supervise
institution-based laboratory
limited service capability is only applicable to what type of laboratory
organizational behavior management/ behavior science
looks at the performance and interaction of people
bench-level supervisor
low conceptual, high technical skills
stock room
maintains security and inventory levels and issues supplies throughout the facility
-regulations -space -ventilation, lighting, sanitation, and safety -maintenance -waste disposal -biosafety and biosecurity
major considerations in layouting
-receiving of specimen -processing of specimen -releasing of results
major divisions in the laboratory
hiring process
major function of the human resources department
mary parker foliett
management is the art of getting things done through people
quality management manual
manual containing overall policy, procedures, and rules for ensuring quality laboratory services
instrument/project capital proposal
needed to evaluate capital expenditure
retained earnings
net income accumulated over the years
external environment
outside the influence of the manager and shapes the character and capabilities of the institution
purchasing
oversees the ordering of supplies and the processing of invoices from vendors
halo effect
particular aspect of applicants application overshadows other factors either favorably or unfavorably
-ensure instructions are understood -ensure instructions are followed
parts of giving instructions
medical laboratory science
performance of lab procedures
automation
permitted performance of more procedures in smaller spaces
sender
person transmitting the message
analytical error
preanalytical/ analytical/ postanalytical error: constant assurance that safety procedures are followed
postanalytical error
preanalytical/ analytical/ postanalytical error: constant interaction with the institution to ensure quality in direct patient care
-layout of counter and bench space -storage, processing and disposal center -ventilation and temperature in room -corrosive must never be handled above waist level
protective measures in structural features include...
emergency equipment and supplies
protective measures involving: -access to emergency eyewash -neutralizing solutions -first aid kits, close proximity to medical care
physical barriers
protective measures involving: -availability/use of glass or plastic shields, chemical hoods -controlling flow of traffic, isolation of testing sites
-1 2s -1 3s -R 4S
random errors in the westgard control rules
actual costs
refers to the actual expenditure including market price, delivery, and setup price
analysis of foreseeable changes
results from the introduction of new procedures, discontinuance of old tests, acquisition of new instruments, changes in medical staff, and availability of new services
peer review organization
reviews hspital case frecords for quality of care and reimbursement decisions
causal problem
root cause of the problem
flexible budgeting
set expenditures based on a variable workload volume
supply ordering process
several documents used to expedite and simplify the record-keeping process
matrix organizational chart
shows a company that operates using cross functional groups instead of veritcal silos
committee system
slow and ineffective but still one of the best source of ideas
-identify risks -establish protective methods -implement hepatitis B vaccination -implement,communicate and warn employees of hazards -maintain and monitor records
steps of a exposure control plan
engineering and work practice control
steps to isolate pathogen hazards are generally called
effectual problem
symptom or surface sign
situational model
tailor the organizational structure to specific job needsdictated by the work situation
vertical communication
takes the form of memos and other directives that travel through the bureaucratic hierarchy where responses travel back through the same network
receiver
target of the message
board of directors
the CEO directly reports to the...
-types of tasks and movements -volume of activities -structural needs of the tests/procedures -kinds of instruments and their specifications -communication links -number of personnel and the staffing patterns -supply requirements -detailed descriptions of computer system
the contents of the functional narrative document include...
indirect costs
the costs to acquire specimens and bill for tests
spacial relationship within the institution
the distances and physical structures between two or more areas that must closely interact for the work to be completed
product standardization committee
the people behind the selection of supplies
change agent
the person initiating the change effort
pro forma budget
this calculation projects the income and outflow for the incoming months
unit of output
this considers the fact that equipment deteriorates based on the rates of use as well as time
capital budgeting
this is a mechanism where a laboratory selects and authorizes the purchase of major equipment and building projects
development and review process
this is intended to give the architect a comprehensive overview of the purposes, functions, and needs of the user and provide the information needed to prepare the initial schematic drawings
stagnation and decline in effectiveness
too little change can lead to
-intralab -interlab
two major divisions of QC program
purchasing and stock room
two sections of material management
-operating lease -capital lease
types of acquisition options
for profit and not for profit companies
types of business according to accounting and tax purposes
- sole proprietorship - partnership - corporation
types of business in terms of ownership
-2 2s -1 3s -4 1s -R 4s -10x
westgard control rule violations that must be rejected
1 2s
westgard control rules' rejection or warning rule
vision
what an organization wants to accomplish
class B flammable material
what class of flammable material is ethanol
class A flammable material
what class of flammable material is ether
class A flammable material
what class of flammable material is isopentane
other flammables
what class of flammable material is xylene
optimal reorder time
what does ORT mean
t chart
writing down the advantages and disadvantages of each option
job description
written and signed agreement concerning the responsibilities of the position
-FND -schematic drawings
written narrative description includes...
sarah vining
wrote "understanding generational differences: the key to attracting, motivating, and retaining your workforce"
expenses
you can predict future expenses and create a budget by matching _______________ against revenue
revenue
you can predict future expenses and create a budget by matching expenses against _______________
functional top-down
reflects traditional business structures
fairness
the key to corrective action
legal
registered or legally acknowledged by the country
payoff matrix
-matrix or chart -compares the probability of potential alternatives identified
1st and 2nd statements are true and related as to cause and effect
Moore's Type: The Halo effect affects the selection process of the recruits because it affects the overall impression of the manager by its qualifications. * -1st and 2nd statements are true and related as to cause and effect -1st and 2nd statements are true but not related as to cause and effect -1st statement is true and 2nd statement is false -1st statement is false and the 2nd statement is true -Both statements are false
The 1st and 2nd statements are true but not related to cause and effect
Moore's Type: Tone of voice is an amplifier of a message because it may be interpreted that the receiver is not the priority of the sender. -The 1st and 2nd statements are true and related as to cause and effect -The 1st and 2nd statements are true but not related to cause and effect -The 1st statement is true and the 2nd statement is false -The 1st statement is false and the 2nd statement is true -Both statements are false
The 1st and 2nd statements are true and related as to cause and effect
Moore's type: A letter is a form of a message because the choice of words implies a direct meaning. -The 1st and 2nd statements are true and related as to cause and effect -The 1st and 2nd statements are true but not related as to cause and effect -The 1st statement is true and the 2nd statement is false -The 1st statement is false and the 2nd statement is true -Both statements are false
Cost-plus
Most common procedure for establishing charge and is used for items that can be charged individually -Hourly Rate -Cost-plus -Weighted-Value Basis -Historical Method -Competition & Rate Controls
professional links
ORGANIZATION COMMUNICATION LINKS: individuals or organizations that provide information to the company
collaboration
ORGANIZATION COMMUNICATION LINKS: working jointly with other organizations
responsible for developing and enforcing safety regulations in the work place
OSHA
Physical
OSHA classifies the acetone as what group of chemical hazard? -Class A -Class B -Physical -Health -Chemical
exploration
PERSONAL CHANGE CURVE: embracing possibilities
commitment
PERSONAL CHANGE CURVE: fully embracing change and accepting it as the new normal
exploration
PERSONAL CHANGE CURVE: staff acknowledges the change and accepts that the change is necessary
commitment
PERSONAL CHANGE CURVE: staff acknowledges the change as the norm, is motivated, and are capable of achieving success
exploration
PERSONAL CHANGE CURVE: staff is concerned about details, and new ideas
commitment
PERSONAL CHANGE CURVE: staff is cooperative, focused, and feels confident and in control
exploration
PERSONAL CHANGE CURVE: staff take on change as a new adventure and a new opportunity
resistance
PERSONAL CHANGE CURVE: strong feelings about the change emerge
exploration
PERSONAL CHANGE CURVE: the "moving on stage"
commitment
PERSONAL CHANGE CURVE: the whole laboratory is set on new goals, and plans how to reach these new goals
personal networking
PERSONAL COMMUNICATION LINKS: group of friends, peers, co-workers, boss, supervisors
grapevine "gossip"
PERSONAL COMMUNICATION LINKS: links people across the organization
normative
PERSPECTIVES IN DECISION MAKING: based on human standards
normative
PERSPECTIVES IN DECISION MAKING: concerned with the logic of decision making or communicative rationality
cognitive
PERSPECTIVES IN DECISION MAKING: decision making process is regarded as a continuous process integrated in the interaction with the environment
psychological
PERSPECTIVES IN DECISION MAKING: examines individual decisions in the context of set of needs, preferences and values
cognitive
PERSPECTIVES IN DECISION MAKING: we decide based on experience and known knowledge
psychological
PERSPECTIVES IN DECISION MAKING: we decide consciously as well as with feelings
unplanned changes
PLANNED CHANGES/UNPLANNED CHANGES: COVID-19
every new lot number of the agar
Quality control for blood and chocolate agar in Microbiology section is done every: -daily, same with other laboratory sections -every new lot number of the agar -done when requests for culture is received -All of the above -None of the above
person
ROLES OF A MANAGER: take charge of the management and oversees the functioning of the activity to achieve a set goal or purpose
Increase liability risk
Reasons for background checking during recruitment, EXCEPT: -Verification of trainings -Criminal convictions -Increase liability risk -Maintaining good reputation -No Exception
Product Standardization Committee
Responsible for selecting the products that multiple hospital departments utilize -Laboratory Manager -Purchasing Department -Product Standardization Committee -All of the Above -None of the Above
safety officer
Responsible for the investigation of any accidents in the workplace: -laboratory manager -laboratory supervisor -safety officer -Quality Assurance office -None of the above
SWOT analysis
Root-cause analysis that look into strengths and weaknesses of the organization is known as: -Fish-bone analysis -Problem tree analysis -SWOT analysis -T-chart analysis -None of the given choices
financial management
SKILLS OF A MANAGER: effective use of and accounting for the monetary assets
people
SKILLS OF A MANAGER: ensure competencies of the technical staff
financial management
SKILLS OF A MANAGER: looks into investment schemes
organizational
SKILLS OF A MANAGER: make decisions and communicate with coworkers
technical
SKILLS OF A MANAGER: management of the physical resources
people
SKILLS OF A MANAGER: motivate other
technical
SKILLS OF A MANAGER: synthesis of the financial management, people, and organizational skills
organizational
SKILLS OF A MANAGER: systematize workflow
people
SKILLS OF A MANAGER: understand the basic theories of human needs
technical
SKILLS OF A MANAGER: well-versed in operational parameters
-specific -measurable -achievable -realistic -time-bound
SMART goals
thawing
STAGES OF THE NATURE OF CHANGE: diagnosis/analysis
regeneration
STAGES OF THE NATURE OF CHANGE: intervention and implementation of change strategy
steady state
STAGES OF THE NATURE OF CHANGE: new plateau of achievement
steady state
STAGES OF THE NATURE OF CHANGE: stimulus to change
recognition
STEPS IN DECISION MAKING: flag or error in control data or automated machines
investigation
STEPS IN DECISION MAKING: shed light to the nature and seriousness of the problem
recognition
STEPS IN DECISION MAKING: shown when something's wrong and needs attention
For the protection of everyone working & going in and out of the laboratory
Safety rules exists and implemented strictly due to: -Frustrate the cherished work habits of employees -For the protection of everyone working & going in and out of the laboratory -All of the Above -None of the Above
Complete investigation
Students sanctions and punishments are primarily based on: -Complete investigation -Evaluation and monitoring -Strategic planning -In-depth analysis -All of the given choices
theory y
THEORY X/Y: employees take pride in their work
theory x
THEORY X/Y: involve micromanagement
total quality management
TQM stands for...
TRUE
TRUE/FALSE: communication assists in the controlling function of management
FALSE: absence is an occurrence of a UNscheduled absence
TRUE/FALSE: absence is an occurrence of a scheduled absence
FALSE
TRUE/FALSE: accreditation agencies will never examine records of the whole hospital as their scope is limited only to the laboratory
FALSE: water first; acid second
TRUE/FALSE: acid should always be poured first; followed by water
FALSE: it is cyclical
TRUE/FALSE: alternative chart forms are linear in nature
TRUE
TRUE/FALSE: always choose the greater payoff
TRUE. provided they are trained in the procedure
TRUE/FALSE: basic phlebotomy is a task that can be done by professional extenders
TRUE
TRUE/FALSE: compression is done to fill the shift caused by possible understaffing
FALSE: they can be permanent or temporary
TRUE/FALSE: delegations are permanent
FALSE
TRUE/FALSE: government rules require all protective items to be supplied to employees at the least possible price
TRUE
TRUE/FALSE: hospitals are allowed to use a specific work schedule because of the perceived uniqueness of their services
FALSE: it is a variable cost
TRUE/FALSE: instrumentation is considered a semi-variable cost because it will depreciate over-time
FALSE. historical records only apply to the IMMEDIATE past
TRUE/FALSE: productivity and financial data from your elementary years are still valid
TRUE. quality may be compromised as long as the service itself isn't
TRUE/FALSE: quality may be compromised in choosing supplies
FALSE
TRUE/FALSE: return of info and results is hard to remedy because personnel that is involved is part of the laboratory and it occurs within the laboratory
TRUE
TRUE/FALSE: staining is a task that can be done by professional extenders
False: modifications can be made to make procedures more comfortable and easier, as long as it doesn't compromise quality of service
TRUE/FALSE: standardization prevents creativity and discourages innovation as such employees are not allowed to make modifications to procedures
FALSE. the 40 hour work week only requires 2 days off within a 7 day period
TRUE/FALSE: the 40 hour work week require 4 days off within a 14 day period
TRUE
TRUE/FALSE: the 8/80 hour work cycle allows employees to work weekends with scheduled days off during the corresponding time period
False. standardization requires constant revision from time-to-time
TRUE/FALSE: the goal of standardization is for tasks to be easier to follow to lessen the amount of revision, and increase consistency of quality
TRUE
TRUE/FALSE: the planning process should solicit inputs from pathologists, technical and administrative managers, and other professionals who work in the lab because they would be the end user
FALSE, the product standardization committee is composed of representatives from ALL areas of the organization
TRUE/FALSE: the product standardization committee is composed of representatives from select areas of the organization
TRUE
TRUE/FALSE: the safety committee consists of people from varying departments
FALSE. it doesn't matter where days off are applied as long as in a 14-day period there should be 4 days off
TRUE/FALSE: there is a requirement of two days off within 7 days in the 80 hour work week
logical
TYPES OF DECISION MAKING: important part of all science based professions
naturalistic
TYPES OF DECISION MAKING: uses intuitive decision making
EOP
The amount that indicates you need to replenish your stocks -EOP -EOQ -ORT -Cost of ordering -None of the Above
B & C
The budget is the most prominent document generated in this accounting specialty -A- Financial Accounting -B- Cost Accounting -C- Managerial Accounting -A & C -B & C
Equities
The capital spent on putting up the business -Assets -Equities -Liabilities -Retained Earnings -Remaining Value
Equities
The capital spent on starting up the business: -Assets -Liabilities -Equities -Stockholder -Equity -Remaining Value
Hourly Rates
The common rate-setting technique for surgical suites, LR/DR, respirators and heart monitors: -Surcharge -Rate Controls -Hourly Rates -Weighted-Value Basis -Historical Method
Pre-analytical
The cost associated with processing the sample for testing: -Pre-analytical -Analytical -Post-analytical -Quality Control -Quality Assurance
TRUE
The department policies for the Clinical Laboratory is unique and different from the other hospital departments -TRUE -FALSE
Contribution Margin
The difference of price and variable costs -Revenue -Break-Even Point -Contribution Margin -Contribution Margin Ratio -Targeted Profit
Net Income
The difference of revenues and expenses -Net Revenue -Net Expenses -Net Income -Interests -Sales
Revenue Deductions
The direct cost of providing service -Operating Revenue -Revenue Deductions -Operating Expense -Depreciation -Interests
identifying hazards in the workplace
The first step in preparing an exposure control plan is: -implement hepatitis B vaccination -establish methods to protect the workers -identifying hazards in the workplace -warn employees of the hazards in the workplace -documentation for compliance
No exception
The following are feedback mechanisms in the organization, EXCEPT: -Performance monitoring sheet -Formal meetings -Conversation with customers -Use of Analytical tools. -No exception
Bureaucratic System
The following are included in the Management System of Likert, EXCEPT: -Participative System -Bureaucratic System -Exploitative - Authoritative System -Consultative System -No Exception
No exception
The following are inclusions of the orientation program, EXCEPT: -VMG -Department tour -Wage Disclosure -Work assignment -No exception
no exceptions
The following are outputs in the laboratory, EXCEPT: -patient's result -chemical waste -sharps -quality control charts -no exceptions
No Exception
The following are the scope of management, EXCEPT: -Improving the performance and services of an institution. -Proper utilization of resources. -Mobilizing best talents in the industry. -Planning for the future of the organization. -No Exception
Establishing a skilled-specific task.
The following factors contribute to an effective Management by Objectives, EXCEPT: -Collaborative agreement between supervisor and employee. -Delegating obtainable task to the employee. -Following long-term goals religiously. -Establishing a skilled-specific task. -No Exception.
Just-in-Time
The fragile and very expensive Platelet Apheresis kits (worth P16,000 EACH) makes it difficult to store large amounts of kits in the Blood Bank storage area. An internal agreement between the section head and the supplier made way for very easy stock replenishment with just one call away if the Blood Bank department runs low in supply for these kits. This replenishment technique is an example of: -Periodic Check -Random Check -Perpetual System -Minimum-Maximum -Just-in-Time
Routine Stage
The gaps in the schedule are usually detected at what stage of the scheduling process? -Skeleton Stage -Routine Stage -All of the Above -None of the Above
Work for 16 hours on Friday and do not show up on Saturday
Today is Friday and MT Suaco is working AM shift and he is scheduled for AM duty on Saturday. He already had 2 day offs for the week but he has an important appointment on Saturday the whole day. If he is working in a hospital that follows the 40-hour work schedule BUT allows alternative schedule, what can he do to prevent getting salary deductions? -Nothing, it will be considered as absence if he doesn't show up on Saturday -Swap duties with an OFF duty employee on Saturday -Work for 16 hours on Friday and do not show up on Saturday -Swap his day off the next week for his AM schedule tomorrow -None of the Above
False
True/False: According to Matrix Scheme Strategy, extremely skilled workers producing unique products belongs to engineering. -True -False
Drug Test
Types of employment tests, EXCEPT: -Job knowledge test -Drug Test -Cognitive ability test -Emotional intelligence test -No exception
semi-variable costs
VARIABILITY BY VOLUME COSTS: newly-hired employee
fixed costs
VARIABILITY BY VOLUME COSTS: rent
semi-variable costs
VARIABILITY BY VOLUME COSTS: telephone services
AII
VROOM AND YETTON DECISION STYLES: make decision yourself using information from subordinates
CII
VROOM AND YETTON DECISION STYLES: share the problem with subordinates in a meeting; make decision after
CI
VROOM AND YETTON DECISION STYLES: share the problem with subordinates individually; make decision afterwards
GI
VROOM AND YETTON DECISION STYLES: share the problem with subordinates individually; make decision together
GII
VROOM AND YETTON DECISION STYLES: you do not try to influence the group
Connotation barrier
What barrier in communication was exhibited if both communicators knew the meaning of a word but unable to understand each other because they have different context of the word? -Technical barrier -Denotation barrier -Connotation barrier -Perception barrier -None of the given answer
None of the given choices
What barrier in communication was exhibited if you find his gesture offensive according to your customs but for him its just normal? -Technical barrier -Denotation barrier -Connotation barrier -Perception barrier -None of the given choices
Perception barrier
What barrier of communication was exhibited if we say things out of anger that was misinterpreted by the receiver? -Technical barrier -Denotation barrier -Connotation barrier -Perception barrier -None of the given choices
Technical barrier
What barrier of communication was exhibited when your section head was disappointed in you because she was expecting your QC report as stated in her email but you have not received such email? -Technical barrier -Denotation barrier -Connotation barrier -Perception barrier -None of the given choices
All of the Above
What can the Clinical Laboratory do to satisfy the staffing requirements of a single schedule when the staffing pool fails to meet the staffing requirement for that day only? -Allow employees to work overtime with pay to cover the gap -Hire a part-time Med Tech for that day -All of the Above -None of the Above
Unplug the machine
What should be your FIRST priority when you spilled your Venti Starbucks Iced White Chocolate Mocha to the laboratory's newly bought Hemoglobin electrophoresis machine? -Shout for help and let the experts handle the case -Clean the spill ASAP to prevent it from penetrating the expensive apparatus -Turn off the laboratory's power source -Unplug the machine -None of the Above
Work-at-home
What type of work schedule can be applied for job descriptions such as encoding, transcription, and analysis of data? -Job Sharing -Exempt and Professional Status -Freelance employment -Work-at-home -Satellite laboratory
None of the Above
What type of work schedule is applied for this: A regular employee working 5 8-hour shifts in the first week, and 4 10-hour shifts in the second week? -A) 40-Hour Rule -B) 8/80-Hour Rule -C) Traditional Work Schedule -A & C only -None of the Above
Options A & B
When can the Manager delegate a task to its subordinate? -A. When the manager have time constraint to deliver the task. -B. When the subordinate is ready to handle the task. -C. When the task requires supervision. -Options A & B -All of the options are correct
do manual counting
When hematology automated analyzers indicate flagging in their differential count, what should the Med Tech do? -repeat collection of blood -repeat analysis -do manual counting -All of the above -None of the above
Staffing Level
Which of the following dictates the amount of staff and the type of expertise of each staff to schedule on any given day? -Staffing Pool -Staffing Level -All of the Above -None of the Above
B & C
Which of the following materials are MISMATCHED with their classification of fire? -A) Laboratory Manual: Class A -B) Oils and Fats: Class B -C) Combustible Metals: Class C -A & C -B & C
All of the Above
Which of the following practice combats spoilage? -First In, First Out rule -Prioritizing the use of near expiry reagents -Observing the correct stock replenishment technique -All of the Above -None of the Above
A & B only
Which of the following statements is/are NOT TRUE about the 4(1S) rule? -A) Systematic error -B) QC run is rejected -C) Applied for this data: Mean is 40, and the four runs are: 43,41,45,41 -A & B only -All of the above
All of the Above
Which of the following work schedule formats is/are ALLOWED? -A. Attendance Sheet -B. Lists of employee work assignments -C. Combination of A & B -A & B only -All of the Above
Manager
Which role in the management team plays by a person who utilizes the organization's resources to achieve its set goals? -Administrator -Manager -Director -Chief Executive Officer -All of the given choices are correct
Retained Earnings
Which term is defined as the net income accumulated over the years? -Retained Earnings -Equity -Profit -Revenue -Stockholder equity
Mary Parker Follet
Who is this person who believed that management is coordination of people in the organization? -Frank Gilbreth -Henry Fayol -Mary Parker Follet -Adam Smith -None of the given answer
NO. he is not a RMT with a license to perform HIV testing
YES/NO: Junjie is a fresh graduate who got hired at peak precision diagnostics. His brother, Ryan suspects that he contracted HIV after participating in an orgy. Worried, he asks his brother to perform HIV testing to see if he really is sick so he can get early treatment. Is Ryan allowed to perform the test?
NO. not unless he has a license to perform molecular diagnostics
YES/NO: Percy has been a RMT for 45 years. Because of his years of experience he was hired by Peak Precision Diagnostics, a well known diagnostic laboratory for being a pioneer in the field of molecular diagnostics. Is Percy allowed to perform molecular diagnostics in the lab?
YES
YES/NO: staining is an example of QC in histopathology
Check the door handle with the back of your hands
You are evacuating a burning building and you encounter a series of doors that may be the exit. How should you proceed to avoid getting harmed? -Look for the door with the EXIT sign & exit immediately -Check for the doors that emit smoke & do not enter those doors -Check the door handle with the back of your hands -Signal for help -STOP, DROP & ROLL
MSDS
You encounter a chemical whose name who haven't heard before. As a precaution, your first instinct is to wear PPE but to be sure as to what type of PPE to wear, what should be your reference? -Procedure Manual -Internal Manual -MSDS -NFPA hazards identification symbol -OSHA regulations
Signal from the window using a bright colored cloth and shout as loud as you can
You slept in class when the fire alarm went ON. Everyone evacuated and when the class president asked if anyone was still inside the room, nobody responded so he closed the door to contain the fire. You woke up a few minutes after and you realized you are trapped in a room of a burning building. What must you do? -Stay inside the room and wait for help -Force yourself out -Signal from the window using a bright colored cloth and shout as loud as you can -STOP, DROP & ROLL -SHAKE, RATTLE & ROLL
The transmission
You suddenly interrupt the teacher during her lecture. What communication process was compromised? -The sender -The message -The transmission -The receiver -None of the given choices
The message
Your colleague in the laboratory loss his temper because he kept on explaining the new procedure to you but it seems you cannot understand what his saying because of the jargon his using. Which part of the communication process is erroneous? -The sender -The message -The transmission -The receiver -All of the given choices
The message
Your laboratory supervisor is giving instruction for the newly acquired CBC analyzer while you are busy texting. Which part of the communication process was compromised? -The sender -The receiver -The message -The Feedback -All of the given answer
emotional state and social status
___________ and ____________ of the receiver in relation to the sender may affect receptiveness
required rate of return
a bottom-line level of income required by a company before any project is considered
shewhart/levey-jennings chart
a control chart used to plot quality control values against previously set limits to determine if a procedure is in or out of control
procedure manual
a document containing procedures that apply to specific work tasks
CON
a document issued by a government regulatory body to authorize a capital project
FND
a document prepared by the project design team to describe the purpose, functions, relationship and activities that will be conducted in an area
employment interview
a formal conversation design to achieve the following goals: -meeting and beginning a relationship exchanging information -verifying credentials that is written in CV -comparing with other candidates -evaluating suitability -predicting performance and probability of success
evolutionary changes
a gradual anticipation or responsiveness to change
critical-care pathways
a hospital-wide quality care management program
capital lease
a lease that cannot be cancelled or includes an option to purchase
laboratory service manual
a manual containing policies and procedures concerning operational factors
surcharge/cost-plus
a mark-up is added to the cost of an item to arrive a charge
standard deviation
a measure of the distribution range
variance
a measure of variability
-delegation of authority -span of supervisory control -coordination -communication channels
a move o a more participatory decision-making style includes changes in...
floaters
a person who is able to work in many sections of the lab and is assigned according to fluctuating daily and hourly workload needs
design development drawings
a preliminary floor plan or blueprint draft
prospective payment system
a program that pays a set amount per case or patient, regardless of the amount of care received
bubble drawings
a series of circles that represent a function or area and depict the flow of information and work tasks by using lines and arrows to show the direction and connection in the relationship
transformational change
a shift in the entire business culture of the organization resulting from a change in strategy and results over a period of time
change
a transformation of a process, culture, or people into an alternate form
diagnostic specificity
ability to detect true negatives with very few false positives
Job specification sheet
abstracted from the job description, and contains only the qualifications necessary to design a recruitment plan
-who had the accident -when and where it happened -what equipment or supplies were used -use of necessary precautions and safety protocols -any unusual circumstance that may have contributed to the accident
accidental investigation and prevention must include a review of the following factors...
90 days (3 months)
according to OSHA's pathogen regulations, information and training must be accomplished within how many days/months of employment
-epidemiology and symptoms of bloodborne diseases and modes of transmission -information on hepatitis B vaccine -information on emergency treatment and follow-up actions -information on personal protective equipment -explanation of communication system for biohazards -opportunity to ask questions
according to OSHA's pathogen regulations, information and training should cover the following topics...
-post-exposure and follow-up evaluation -documentation of vaccination and follow-up plan
according to OSHA's pathogen regulations, regulations of hepatitis B vaccination include...
RA 10524
according to this law, no person with disability shall be denied access to opportunities for suitable employment
operational budgeting
accounting for everyday needs and expenditures
capital budget
acquisition and completion of specific equipment and building projects that require major financial commitment
PASS
acronym guide to fire extinguisher use
-get involved -be part of the solution -positive relationshios -expect and get ready -positive mental attitude -make managing a part of your job description -sense of humor -don't let strengths turn to weaknesses -refocus rapidly -stress management -invent the future -look to the future -support upper management -don't constantly react to competitive threats
actions to be a master of change
-involve staff -be open -set a good example -control the rumor mill -learn -invent the future -be mindful of people's weaknesses -do not fight losing battles -refocus rapidly -stress management
actions to become an agent of change and to prevent resistance
including the people who will be affected in the decision-making process
active resistance can be avoided by...
assessment
activity of QA done during testing
preventive
activity of QA done prior to the examination of the specimen
assessment
activity of QA done to determine whether the test systems are performing correctly
corrective
activity of QA done when error is detected
preventive
activity of QA intended to establish systems conducive to accuracy in analytical testing
corrective
activity of QA that is done to correct the system
message
actual format of the communication effort
general policy
adherence and enforcement of safety and health procedures is an example of what type of policy
quality management manual
administrative and technical review and quality date may be found in what type of manual
internal manual
administrative manual is an example of what type of manual
-continuity in administration and service is ensured -loyalty and long-term commitment to the firm -advantage of investment -minimal orientation, training time, and expenses -can boost morale
advantages of inside sources
employee development programs
after orientation, the personnel training process is followed by...
informal groups
alliance that form outside the boundaries of the formal bureaucracy
percentage calculations
allocating parts on your income to your operation expenses for the coming months
tools of control
allocation of resources (financial/staffing and scheduling)
-straight-line depreciation -unit of output -accelerated depreciation
allowance calculation methods
heuristic strategy
allows wide latitude in investigation and form more abstract products
transactional change
also called developmental change
independent laboratory
also called free-standing laboratory
secret organization
also called illegal organization
time-adjustment return method
also called internal rate of return
managerial accounting
also called nature of costs
time value of money
also called net present value
structured interview
also called patterned interview
transitional change
also called projection implementation
prioritizing
also called ranking
illegal organization
also called secret organization
internal rate of return
also called the time-adjustment return method
reproducibility
also known as precision
precision
also known as reproducibility
bench-level supervisor
also known as section head
marginal costs
also known as semi-variable costs
procedure manuals
also known as standard operating procedures
troubleshooting team
also known as synectics
statement of financial position
also known as the balance sheet
synectics
also known as troubleshooting team
unity of direction
also known as unity of command
unity of command
also known as unity of direction
-landfill burial -flushing in sewer system -recycling
alternatives for disposal of chemical waste
lead time
amount of time or advance notice needed between placing an order and its arrival
RA 10524
an act expanding the positions reserved for persons with disability
communication
an exchange or sharing of thoughts or information between one person and another
development and review process
an extensive detailed package covering all aspects of the workflow and project designs
supervisory and management styles
at the department level, structural changes are introduced through changes in...
lyndall urwick
attempted to classify and codify the work done
anatomic pathology
autopsy belongs to what type of laboratory (according to function)
amount of supplies ordered in a year/365 days
average daily use formula
amount of supplies ordered in a year/365 years
average daily use formula
spatial constraints
barriers such as distance and job descriptions that isolate people from the normal communication channels
forecast budgeting/projection method
based on a forecast of what is expected to occur during the next period
analysis of future trends
based on an examination of past and current testing volumes to detect tests that are gaining in popularity, becoming obsolete, or giving away to alternative methodology
annual holding cost
based on bulk orders, space utilization and whether it is better to have the product on hand or in the supplier's warehouse
transactional change
based on the improvement of an existing skill
annual usage
based on the workload of the laboratory and can also be based on the previous year
-tools of persuasion -tools of control
basic avenues for implementing a plan
-emotionally appealing -ethical
basic characteristics of a good mission statement
cash basis
bills are paid as they are presented, and revenue is counted when it is actually received
laboratory service manual
business hours may be found in what type of manual
yes, if they are items below a certain price level as established by the controller
can items with shelf lives over 1 year be considered supplies? why or why not?
perquisites
can range from blatant display of trappings to subtle advantages
product standardization committee
canvas for supplies and decide which supplier to buy from
-name and type of project -narrative justification -financial analysis
capital budget proposal should include...
health hazards
carcinogens fall under what chemical hazard according to OSHA
participatory leadership style
centers on providing information about any impending change at the very first tage of the decision-making process and on soliciting the advice of those who will be affected
stasis
change exerts pressure on the organization's tendency towards ____________
big corporations and top administration
change in the organization structure is a popular way of implementing change in...
transformational change
change in the organizational structure is an example of what type of change
movement, route, and advancement
change is generated through...
emergent changes
change made when a pressing or important issue dictates immediate action
participatory and involvement strategy (persuasion)
change strategy wherein the manager asks the staff for input
informed strategy (control)
change strategy wherein the manager decides everything, and doesn't take into consideration the people affected by the change
evolutionary changes
change that happens over time
opportunity changes
change that results as opportunity arises
planned changes
changes already studied and examined to ensure successful outcome
unplanned changes
changes not anticipated
-based on complete investigation -identify and evaluate alternative solutions -selection of the best solution by in-depth analysis -encompass an effective strategy to implement a solution
characteristics of a good decision
1. holistic and synergistic 2. primary task 3. become progressively more specialized 4. open systems 5. seek a state of stability or equilibrium 6. mechanism for self regulation
characteristics of organizational systems
-complete -clear -organized -dynamic
characteristics of policy and procedure manuals
alternative chart forms
chart that focuses on organizational interdependence
-government -private
classification of clinical laboratories according to ownership
general clinical laboratory -primary -secondary -tertiary -limited service capability special clinical laboratory
classification of laboratories by service capability
-institution-based -freestanding
classifications of clinical laboratory by institutional character
clinical pathology
clinical microscopy belongs to what type of laboratory (according to function)
outcome problems
closely tied with the acceptance of the message by the receiver
accuracy
closeness to the true or target value
-personal interest -prejudices -peer pressure -emotions
clouds/obscure the decision making process
-written -verbal -non-verbal
communication formats
information
communication is a source of ___________ in an organization
motivation
communication promotes ____________ among employees
informal communication source
communication source that includes the news, and social media
formal and informal
communication sources
canned/packaged communication
communication that does not allow the recipient or the sender to respond instantaneously
dynamic communication
communication where two parties can simultaneously exchange ideas
cross functional groups
companies that use matrix organizational chart operte using ________ groups instead of vertical silos
-name of procedure -effective date of the procedure and any subsequent changes -main elements of the procedure -principle of the test -specimen requirements, patient preparations and rejection criteria -instrumentation -reagents -calibration -quality control procedures -problem detections -actual testing procedure -calculation and interpretation of results -reporting -ranges -notes and suggestions
contents of the technical manual (15)
dispersion
control or sample values that are widely scattered in an unusual and unexplained pattern around the control chart
-normal and abnormal control -low, norm, and high control
control systems for microscopic examination in urinalysis
-washed in cold 0.85% saline solutions -fixed in 10% formol-saline solution overnight -aliquots added to chemical controls -frozen at -20C up to 3 months
control systems for urinary sediments (microscopic examination) in urinalysis
employer
controls and directs a worker under an express or implied contract of employment and pays him/her salary/wages in compensation
expenses of the purchasing section/number of purchase orders issued
cost of ordering formula
purchase price/container size
cost per unit formula
capital budget
costs in capital leases are included in which budget
supply part of the operational budget
costs in operating leases are included in which budget
indirect costs
costs remaining after direct costs have been identified and assigned
semi-variable costs
costs that change in steps, based on more gradual changes in workload
vision
describes what the organization hopes to become in the future
-tasks to be performed -people involved -workplace
design elements and factors include...
employment tests
designed to be standardized measures of the attributes and skills of potential employees
NFPA hazards identification system
diamond-shaped, color-coded symbol containing information relating to health, flammability, reactivity, and personal protection/special precautions
>2
difference of ____ in the results indicates that a laboratory is not in agreement with the rest of the laboratories included in the program
revenue deductions
direct cost of providing service
employee evaluation
directly linked to the job description and should be formative and summative in nature and conducted often enough to provide feedback and direction for the employee
-identity and skills of staff are tied to a particular work area or group -discourages interaction and cooperation between sections of the laboratory
disadvantages of traditional work schedules
administrative manual
disaster plan may be found in what type of manual
involuntary
disciplinary dismissal or layoff resulting from a hospital-wide reduction of personnel
interlab
division of QC involving proficiency testing programs that periodically provide samples of unknown concentration of analytes to participating labratories
0 to 4
each category on the NFPA hazards identification system is graded on a scale of...
-no extension cords -all equipment must comply with electrical safety standards -annual electrical safety check -circuit breakers conveniently located and labelled -electrical equipment not used in areas with flammable materials -electrical safety orientation and educational program
electrical safety safeguards recommended by the NFPA
matrix organizational chart
employee are divided into teams or by project
-competency -availability of future staff -continual growth of both the laboratory and its employees
employee development programs ensure...
elton mayo
employees are motivated far more by relational factors
clinical pathology
endocrinology belongs to what type of laboratory (according to function)
fire class C
energized electrical equipment fall under what fire class
postanalytical error
error that occurs after testing
minimum-maximum
establishes a set point at which inventory is to be recorded and a "recorder to" level to be maintained just in time
billable procedure
evaluate cost behavior by matching the expenditures with the activity that reduce the cost
variability of volume
evaluate impact of cost based on the workload
denotation
exact dictionary meaning of a word or phrase
-responsibility and control -completion of tasks and duties -job descriptions -workflow and job analysis -financial accountability
examples of activities directly tied to the contents of policy and procedure manuals
-data entry -transcription -information analysis
examples of tasks involved in work at home programs
variable costs
expenses that respond directly to any change in workload
justification
explanation why the project is needed, how it will benefit the laboratory, and why it should be considered over competing projects
physical hazards
explosives fall under what chemical hazard according to OSHA
knowledge
factor affecting change involving individual's understanding of the mission or strategy of the change
attitude
factor affecting change involving the motivation of employees, and how it ensures that the task is accomplished on time, with high quality, or reliability
-tone of voice -body and facial expressions -person distance and movement -physical environment -connotation of time
factors affecting nonverbal communication
-spacial relationship within the institution -intralaboratory relationship -mechanical services -casework and interior design -communications -safety equipment and design -support services
factors considered in laboratory design for optimum functioning
-shifts in patient mix or volume -changes in medical staff composition -expansions or cutbacks in services offered by the hospital/laboratory -population fluctuations
factors to consider in the forecasting stage
-users -manual -laboratory
factors to consider when writing policy and procedure manuals
equal employment opportunity commission
federal agency responsible for enforcing laws such as RA 10524
hourly rate
fee is charged based on the amount of time a service is used
flat organizational structure
few management layers
flat organizational chart
few or no level of management between executives and all other employees
laboratory service manual
filling out request forms may be found in what type of manual
separation and employment termination
final aspect of the personnel process
final workings drawings
final blueprints that will be used for the construction of the project
-outright purchase -leasing -reagent rental purchase
financing options when purchasing laboratory instruments
-construction -fire-fighting equipment -training and practice
fire prevention strategies are developed on three fronts
wet chemical
fires from cooking oils and deep fat fires can be extinguished using...
-foam spray -CO2 -ABC powder
fires from flammable liquids can be extinguished using...
-CO2 -ABC powder
fires from live electrical equipment can be extinguished using...
-water -foam spray -ABC powder -wet chemical
fires from wood, paper and textiles can be extinguished using...
- type of business organization - accounting specialties - financial statements for the accounting - the accounting equation - recording of financial activity
five basic accounting principles
indirect costs
fixed costs and semi-variable costs usually fall under which category of billable procedure costs
physical hazards
flammable aerosols fall under what chemical hazard according to OSHA
physical hazards
flammable gases fall under what chemical hazard according to OSHA
bureaucratic model
focus entirely on the relationship between people and relyn on the hierarchy's formal chain of comman
inside sources
focus on identifying persons who want to improve their positions through lateral move, or by vertical move
financial accounting
focuses on the cash flow and financial position of the firm
departmental policies
food and smoking rules is an example of what type of policy
limited service capability
for institution-based laboratory only where lab tests are required for particular services
adding a drop of permount and a coverslip
for stool exams, clinical slides may be preserved by...
-final working displays -project manual -building models
graphical displays include...
specialization
grouping people who are highly trained in a specific area
departmentalization
grouping together of related activities
structured interview
has a predetermined format and armored with a list of questions
administrative manual
holiday staffing may be found in what type of manual
1 quart
how much acetone can be stored within a safety can
1 pint
how much class A flammable material can be stored within a safety can
1 quart
how much class B flammable material can be stored within a safety can
1 quart
how much ethanol can be stored within a safety can
1 pint
how much ether can be stored within a safety can
frank and lillian gilbreth
identifying and replication one best way to complete the task
PASS
if a fire is discovered and is manageable what acronym is used
RACE
if a fire is discovered, but is not manageable, which acronym should you follow
-pay with current resources -borrow with needed funds
if a plan involves building or remodeling, the company may finance the project either by
spatial relationships
if a sample must travel down two halls or pass through several other sections
at least 2 weeks
in a schedule using a time frame of 1 month, the schedule is usually posted ____________ prior to the end of the current cycle
3-5 days
in a schedule using a time frame of 2 weeks, the schedule is usually posted ____________ prior to the end of the current cycle
chart of accounts
in accounting codes, cost items are assigned a code included in a document called...
red
in the NFPA hazards identification system, this color represents flammability
blue
in the NFPA hazards identification system, this color represents health hazards
yellow
in the NFPA hazards identification system, this color represents reactivity or stability or instability
important relationship
in the department relationship matrix, outlined circles represent...
-design development drawings -final workings drawings -project manual (construction guidelines proposal)
in the phases of development and review process, architectural and engineering responsibility includes...
tight labor market
in this labor market condition, recruitment strategy should be creative and aggressive
open labor market
in this labor market condition, the focus is centered on selecting the right person for the job from the existing applications on file
mechanical services
includes proper ventilation, noise control which are important to the morale and productivity of the laboratory staff
laboratory inspection
includes voluntary compliance with professional standards, and fire and safety regulations
message
includes words selected, voice tone, gestures, and verbal images
-job title -compensation classification or range -name of the supervisor who will review performance -a specified and detailed listing of responsibilities -performance evaluation schedule
inclusions in a job description
-product name -manufacturer -important emergency phone numbers -effective and review dates
information included in the MSDS
external information
information is given outside the company
-internal reporting to managers, for use in planning and controlling current operations -internal reporting mangers, for use in strategic planning, that is, making special decisions and formulating overall policies and long-range plans -external reporting to stockholder, government, and other outside parties
information provided by the accounting process
delphi method
input and opinions of experts are solicited on questionnaires
procedure
instructional document containing explanations and step-by-step directions for tasks, tests, or a process
72 hours
insurance and government rules require that the employee and organization report any injuries or accidents to the appropriate authorities within...
henry fayol
introduced the concept of management
adam smith
introduced the concept of specialization
lyndall urwick
introduced the role of the management consultant
orientation
introduction of new employees to the organization
laboratory manager
is also known as chief medical technologist
administrator
is also known as laboratory director
chief medical technologist
is also known as laboratory manager
gaussian curve
is obtained by plotting the values from multiple analyses of a sample
break-even point in test volume
is the volume of activity required for all fixed costs to be covered
-separation of clerical and administrative offices from areas having hazardous materials -delivery and storage of chemicals -processing of specimens -ventilation back-up plan -location, ease of use, and rapid availability of special safety equipment
issues to be addressed in the floor plan and workspace design
freestanding
laboratory that does not form any part of an institution
institution-based laboratory
laboratory within the premises and is part of an institution
CLSI (clinical and laboratory standards institute)
labs adhere to what agency when deciding the format to use in writing procedure manuals
-unlabeled/mislabeled specimens -improper transport medium -improper swab -excessive transport time -improper temperature -improper collection site -specimen leakage -hemolyzed, lipemic or contaminated sera
list of unacceptable specimens in microbiology
safety manual
manual which includes instructions in handling biological samples or dangerous substances
tall organizational structure
many management layers
selection
matches the right person with the right job
scheduling process
matching people working in the laboratory with current workload requirements
bloodborne pathogens
material contaminated with blood, treated as having the potential to carry pathogens transmitted by blood
department relationship matrix
matrix for illustrating and defining how each section or functions interacts with other areas
accelerated depreciation
may benefit the company over short-term by increasing cost to offset large profits or reduce the amount of taxes in the government
double declining blance
meaning of DDB
mode of transmission
means by which a message is sent
accrual basis
measures net income for a particular period by "matching" expenses against revenues
-proper ventilation -noise control
mechanical services include...
accelerated depreciation
methods followed by regulatory agencies to encourage investments
-formal meetings and training sessions -supervisor-directed sessions -checklist approach -buddy or sponsor system
methods for conducting orientation program
-checking biochemical response, ability to support growth, sterility, and selective or inhibitory characteristics of the medium -frequency -check for growth of fastidious organisms -record results
microbiology QC
positive control
microbiology control that contains bacteria
negative control
microbiology control that do not contain bacteria
median
midpoint of a distribution
368 php
minimum wage of region 7 as of november 2018
anatomic pathology
molecular pathology belongs to what type of laboratory (according to function)
controlling
monitoring the standards, measurements and feedback mechanisms
surcharge/cost-plus
most common procedure for establishing a charge
stress interview
most often used in formal testing procedures to identify traits and characteristics of an individual needed for jobs
budget
most prominent document generated by cost accounting
cash basis
most routine expenses and low-cost items used in the laboratory are recorded and reported using which technique
directing
most visible of all management functions
mary parker foliett
mother of modern management
engineering strategy
non-repetitive work that requires judgement and professionally prepared staff
smoke inhalation
number 1 cause of death in fire-related calamities
-check stability of equipment -check quality of reagent -check technical errors -check laboratory results
objectives of QC
-ensure effective communication -remove any ambiguities and allow uniformity and consistency -adjust to rapidly changing circumstances
objectives of policy and procedure manuals
employment tests
occasionally used in assessing candidates for top management positions to measure their analytical and decision-making skills
disparate treatment
occurs when a protected class of individual receives unequal treatment
disparate impact
occurs when an employer''s actions affect a protected class differently from other groups
gaussian curve
occurs when the data set can be accurately describe by the SD and the mean
fire class K
oils and fats fall under what fire class
deviation
one time random human error
government laboratory
operated and maintained by the national and local government unit, another political unit or department
hybrid
operates in both public and private sector
organon
organization is derived from what word
flat organizational chart
organizational chart that empowers self-management and greater decision making ability
flat organizational chart
organizational chart used by small business or organizations
NFPA
organizations such as joint commission on accreditation of healthcare organizations (JCAHO) and CAP comply with guidelines recommended by what agency
fire class A
oridinary solid combustibles fall under what fire class
searching stage
other name for recruitment
-sender -message -mode of transmission -receiver -decoding -feedback
parts of the communication process
coefficient of variation
percentile expression of the mean
policy manuals
plan about an implementation of a policy
operational budgeting
planning for the laboratory as an ongoing business concern
budgeting
planning, forecasting, controlling, and monitoring the financial resources of the organization
analytical error
preanalytical/ analytical/ postanalytical error: failure to perform maintenance of instruments
postanalytical error
preanalytical/ analytical/ postanalytical error: failure to verify the correct interpretation of lab tests
analytical error
preanalytical/ analytical/ postanalytical error: improper labelling and use of reagents
postanalytical error
preanalytical/ analytical/ postanalytical error: incorrect calculation of final reports
preanalytical error
preanalytical/ analytical/ postanalytical error: sample collection
preanalytical error
preanalytical/ analytical/ postanalytical error: sample handling and storage
preanalytical error
preanalytical/ analytical/ postanalytical error: specimen collection
analytical error
preanalytical/ analytical/ postanalytical error: specimen preparations
postanalytical error
preanalytical/ analytical/ postanalytical error: timeliness of reporting patient results
postanalytical error
preanalytical/ analytical/ postanalytical error: transcription errors
postanalytical error
preanalytical/ analytical/ postanalytical error: untimeliness of reporting values
postanalytical error
preanalytical/ analytical/ postanalytical error: verification/review of final reports
preanalytical error
preanalytical/ analytical/ postanalytical error: visually checking for interfering substances
providing financial information
primary task of the accounting process
bureaucracy management theories
process of examining the organization aspect of companies and their workflow
capital budgeting
process used by organizations to plan, evaluate, and choose between future investment opportunities
historical records
productivity and financial data
retained earnings
profit that you set aside for future use
management by objectives
program for managing an organization
proficiency surveys
programs that allow a laboratory to compare its performance on a common sample with a group of peers based on size and methodology
forecast budgeting
projection method is also known as
extensive in-depth anaylsis
projects costing above the set limit require...
policy manuals
proof of a company's commitment to competency
personal protection articles
protective measures involving: -eyeglasses, face masks, gloves, aprons, full protective suits
medical laboratory services
provides laboratory results and are vital healthcare detective uncovering and providing laboratory information that aid doctors in patient diagnosis and treatment as well as disease monitoring and prevention
cost accounting
provides planning and operational information to managers
quality control
provides tools to detect problems early and prevents errors from exceeding established quality requirements
transitional change
purchase of new automation is an example of what type of change
-provide consistent, accurate, and reproducible results -enable troubleshooting and corrections in problem areas
purpose of a quality assurance program
-confirm that the written information from the resume or job application is valid -provides employer insight into candidates interpersonal communication skills -provides the candidate with the opportunity to ask questions pertinent to the specific position
purpose of employment interview
-personal judgement -solicitation of advice -systematic option review
qualitative decision making techniques
internal manual
quality management manual is an example of what type of manual
-preventive maintenance -policy and procedure manual writing and review -quality control functions -staff orientation, continuing education, and development -participation in proficiency testing -problem solving and troubleshooting -laboratory inspection, accreditation, and licensure process
quality management programs
utlization review
quality of performance indicator that focuses on reducing patient length of stay
critical-care pathways
quality of performance indicator that places an emphasis on the outcomes of treatment received by the patient as the definition of quality
hourly rate
rate setting technique used for labor and delivery rooms
hourly rate
rate setting technique used for respirators
-acquisition of new skills, knowledge and expertise -need for improvement in perfomance -no suitable in-house candidate -low morale, group-dissension, or rivalry -worthy candidate may be somewhere else -first-time managers have a failure rate
reasons and advantages of outside sources
-understandable reluctance of past employers to provide a negative recommendation or comments -the tendency of applicants usually to list only names of people who will speak positively about them -rules and laws that protect the confidentiality of personal background information
reasons for background checking
DDB
refers to the depreciation rate that is applied doubled or 200x that of the purchase price
NFPA
regulations for chemical safety are mandated by what agency
OSHA
regulations for chemical safety are mandated by what agency
-prospective payment system -CPT codes -MCDFL
reimbursement programs
-laboratory management system -laboratory information system -manually through the releasing section
releasing of results can usually be done through
transitional change
replaces processes or procedures with new concepts and procedures
departmental policies
reporting and releasing of results is an example of what type of policy
technical manual
reporting results may be found in what type of manual
price criteria
represent the characteristics of a customer or deal
actual paycheck
represents the amount of money the employee can take home and can decide how to allocate the remaining money
operational budgeting
represents the financial parameters of the laboratory's goals for the coming year
special clinical laboratory
research laboratories are an example of what type of laboratory (according to service capability)
product standardization committee
resolve differences between preferences in areas that may share a common product
input
resources or instructions received from external sources
house-keeping techniques
rules requiring the institution to have policies and procedures for the frequent and effective cleaning, decontamination, disposal, or replacement of any item or surface coming to contact with blood or OPIM
revenue
sales or income if you are selling goods or if business is providing services
general policy
security and access and disaster plans is an example of what type of policy
safety committee
sets the frequency of inspection needed with regards to the safety management program
knowledge base
source of change involving broad advances in the arts and sciences and specific technology of laboratory instrumentation and methodology
environment
source of change involving depletion of physical resources, and its need for renewal
scope of management
source of change involving duties and responsibilities and the application of specialized business skills and concepts to non-profit and social organizations
issues and problems
source of change involving facing mangers, society, and individuals as their needs and desires progress into the future
increasing rate of change
source of change involving the decrease in the response time allowed for the manager to make and implement needed adjustments
-knowledge base -scope of management -issues and problems -environment -increasing rate of change
sources of change
inside and outside sources
sources of recruits
internal and external
sources of the the forces of change
objectives
specific short-term standards
quality management manual
specimen acceptability may be found in what type of manual
external manual
specimen collection manual is an example of what type of manual
technical manual
specimen collection may be found in what type of manual
laboratory service manual
specimen collection, submission, and rejection criteria may be found in what type of manual
special clinical laboratory
sperm banks are an example of what type of laboratory (according to service capability)
1. planning process 2. written narrative description 3. budgeting 4. graphical displays
stages in workflow and laboratory design
-steady state -thawing -regeneration -steady state
stages of the nature of change
-denial -resistance -exploration -commitment
stages of the personal change curve
dispersion of values from the mean
standard deviation
variance
standard deviation squared
product standardization committee
standardize the supplies that will be used by the whole hospital
policy manuals
statement about the intent or philosophy of a company
policy
statement or memo which expresses behavioral expectation within the workplace
policy
statement or memo which outlines the institution's position
40 hour rule
states than an employee must be paid time and a half for any hours worked over 40 hours a week
unity of command
states that each individual should have only one boss
mission
states the reasons for an organization's existence
internal culture
status quo
1. set limits 2. run controls
steps in applying westgard control rules
1. verbal counseling 2. verbal warning 3. formal written warning
steps in corrective action and employee discipline
1. call for help 2. unplugging/separating the victim 3. cover with blanket until help arrives
steps in dealing with electrical accidents
1. unplug 2. cleanup spill
steps in dealing with electrical apparatus affected by water spill
-recognition -investigation -definition -identification of alternatives -evaluation of each option -selection of the best alternative -implementation of the solution -follow-up and modification
steps in decision making
1. select type of schedule 2. establish staffing levels 3. develop staffing personnel pool 4. determine format, terminology, and schedule key 5. prepare skeleton change 6. complete routing scheduling stage 7. fill in gaps 8. post schedule
steps in making a schedule
1. determine goals 2. collect information 3. establish time frame 4. set objectives 5. forecast need 6. determine steps 7. provide a feedback mechanism
steps in planning
1. follow well throughput plans and long-term goals 2. be a collaborative agreement between supervisor and employee 3. be person specific 4. within the power of the individual 5. measurable 6. provide feedback and information
steps in setting objectives using MBO
-diagnosis -strategy development -implementation -follow-up
steps in the change management process model
-job offer and hiring decision -determining salary level -setting a starting date -completing pre-employment tests -signing for benefits and payroll
steps in the employment process
1. preparation 2. establishing rapport 3. questioning and information exchange 4. listening 5. closing and follow-up 6. evaluation
steps in the interview process
construction
storage of flammable materials falls under what front of fire prevention strategies
initial schematic drawings
straightforward, single line drawings that outline the various areas of the project
-building materials -storm damage control -fire prevention and fighting systems (extinguisher, sprinklers) -exit and entrance routes -storage of flammable materials -blockages in pathways -ventilation system
structural safety rules include...
benefit package
supplements to the cash payment of salary and wages
departmental policies
supply requisition is an example of what type of policy
administrative manual
supply requisition may be found in what type of manual
-specimen/blood collection area -storerooms -wash area -staff facilities -patient facilities -library and conference room -space for research and development
support services include...
anatomic pathology
surgical pathology belongs to what type of laboratory (according to function)
trend
systematic drift in one direction away from the established mean
-2 2s -4 1s -10x
systematic errors in the westgard control rules
scientific management theories
systematic or scientific approach to the study of organization
root problem analysis
table shows the columns of the problems and causes and their effects and solutions
professional extenders
technical and clerical assistants who do tasks traditionally performed by a professional
freelance employment
technical consultants to laboratories in physician's offices
internal manual
technical manual is and example of what type of manual
audit and inspections
technique for monitoring and following safety rules and procedures on a periodic basis
youden/twin plot
technique used to demonstrate and compare the performance of a laboratory on paired samples with other laboratories using common QC tools
administrative manual
telephone use may be found in what type of manual
synthesis of information
tells how the financial information is organized and is very important in budget preparation
leasing
terms under which one party agrees to rent property owned by another party
what: what tests should be done? when: when should tests be done? where: where should tests be done?
the 3 W's of management of workflow
starts: sunday ends: saturday next week
the 8/80 hour work schedule usually starts and ends on what day
ORT
the best time to place an order to take advantage of EOQ and EOP
-construction details and lay-out patterns -structural features and requirements -utilities and plumbing placement -ventilation and airflow plans -building codes and regulations compliance -full-scale model of the project -line drawings
the design development drawings include...
net present value
the dollar amount that is invested now at a given rate of return will accumulate to a given specified value with a specified number of years in the future
-weekends -requested time off
the first working draft of a schedule contains only
organizational chart
the formal written map of the structural plan and authority delegation. it clarifies bureaucratic relationships
the problem
the head in the fish bone analysis symbolizes
causes of the problem
the herringbone in the fish bone analysis symbolizes
break-even analysis
the identification of the point in sales volume, units, or revenue at which income matches total costs
internal information
the information is given only to the company
recency effect
the last applicant will be given inappropriate consideration because they are fresh in their memory
staffing levels
the level of service expected from each unit and the resulting workload
95% confidence limited (2SD)
the maximum acceptable range
depreciation
the monetary value by which assets diminish with time and usage
transformational change
the most complicated and most difficult type of change to achieve
control runs
the numbers on the x axis of westgard control graphs represent...
standard deviations
the numbers on the y axis of westgard control graphs represent...
laboratory design
the planning and design of the physical and structural relationships of work and the workplace
EOP
the point at which inventory should be reodered
internal rate of return
the ratio of cash flow and cost-of-capital factors to the amount of investment required
intralaboratory relationship
the relationship of the support services of the processing sections
staffing process
the setting of long-term goals and objectives for the number and types of personnel needed to meet the labor requirements of the laboratories
payback period
the simplest method for calculating the return on an investment
client system
the target of the change agent's intervention effort
structural requirement
the very first place in which safety factors should be considered in the design and layout of the building and laboratory
net present value
the worth of future earnings at today's rates
product standardization committee
their job is to ensure that the best product is obtained, to avoid duplication of products
administrator
they are not the one who establishes the larger goals, but a technician who will know how to make the organization run more effectively
absenteeism management plan
this is made to counter absenteeism, it is the reason why you should have substitute, and on-call personnel
forecast budgeting/projection method
this makes projections of the increases or decreases that will occur on each line item in the budget based on historical information and adjustment for anticipated changes
complete routine scheduling stage
this phase of creating a schedule normally follows a set of pattern of marking Xs and Os
capital project
this purpose criteria mainly focuses on purchasing new instruments, furniture, or building projects under several tax rules
operational budget
this purpose criteria mainly focuses on repairs or a replacement of part of an existing equipment or structure
outside sources
this source of recruits may come from a pool of applicants or recommendations from high-rank employees
-actual costs -ratios -percentage calculations
three methods of obtaining future budgeting figures
confusion and chaos
too much unmanaged change can lead to
unit costs
total of direct and indirect costs per unit produced
total costs
total of fixed, semi-variable and variable costs
labor market
total pool of employees qualified to perform a job
health hazards
toxic agents fall under what chemical hazard according to OSHA
clinical pathology
toxicology belongs to what type of laboratory (according to function)
nature of costs
tracks where expenses are incurred and assign responsibility for their expenditure
technical manual
troubleshooting may be found in what type of manual
-tools of persuasion -tools of control
two primary means of intervention a manager can utilize in strategy development
1. over-replenishment 2. when staff prefer to use fresh supplies over near-expiry supplies
two scenarios leading to spoilage
-cash basis -accrual basis
two standard techniques to record and report income and costs
-narrative tools -quantitative tools
two types of analysis used to evaluate capital expenditure
Disparate treatment and disparate impact
two types of discrimination in the workplace identified by the EEOC
transactional change
type of change that encounters little to no resistance
transformational change
type of change that involves the human side of change and encounters the most resistance
criteria-based
type of evaluation that indicates specific performance expectations that are linked to the job description
competency-based
type of evaluation used to validate competency of skills
administrative manual
type of manual containing policies applied to the entire laboratory
external manual
type of manual directed and made available to users of the laboratory
-functional top-down -divisional organizational chart -matrix organizational chart -flat organizational chart
type of organizational charts
outline model
type of writing format wherein subject headings highlight the relationship of the material
secondary laboratory
type(s) of laboratory capable of performing blood urea nitrogen
tertiary laboratory
type(s) of laboratory capable of performing coagulation test
secondary laboratory
type(s) of laboratory capable of performing creatinine
limited service capability
type(s) of laboratory capable of performing dialysis
primary laboratory
type(s) of laboratory capable of performing fecalysis
tertiary laboratory
type(s) of laboratory capable of performing immunology and serological test
tertiary laboratory
type(s) of laboratory capable of performing liver function test and hormones
tertiary laboratory
type(s) of laboratory capable of performing microbiology culture and sensitivity of aerobic and anaerobic organisms
secondary laboratory
type(s) of laboratory capable of performing routine clinical chemistry
primary laboratory
type(s) of laboratory capable of performing routine urinalysis
limited service capability
type(s) of laboratory capable of performing social hygiene clinics
tertiary laboratory
type(s) of laboratory capable of performing special hematology procedures
secondary laboratory
type(s) of laboratory capable of performing total cholesterol
secondary laboratory
type(s) of laboratory capable of performing uric acid
structured, unstructured, stress interviews
types of employment interview
direct, open-ended, hypothetical
types of interview questions (give 2 examples)
1. perpetual system 2. periodic system 3. random checks
types of inventory level checks
tall and flat
types of organizational charts
-technological and analytical complexity of the procedures -amount of supervision and support available -testing volume and workload -analytical throughput or turn around time expectations -equipment, instrumentation, and computer technology available
types of personnel needed in a laboratory is dependent on...
-40 hour work week -8/80 hour work cycle
types of traditional work schedules
-traditional work schedules -alternative work schedules
types of work schedules
delphi method
used in decision making in which forecasting in future events or trends is important
nominal grouping
used in highly structured meeting wherein individuals write down original ideas, present them, and members vote and rank order of suggestions/ideas
-show responsibilities and relationships -manage growth or change -understand how their work fits into the organization -improves communication -visual employee directory
uses of organizational charts
departmental policies
vacation/holiday requests is an example of what type of policy
microbiology and histopathology
ventilation back-up plan is especially important in what department(s)
40 hour rule
wage and hour laws that require employers to pay overtime to employees who work more than 40 hours in a 7-day period
-formal meetings -monitored standards of performance/performance ratings -informal ratings -analysis of the nature and types of problems encountered
ways of obtaining information/feedback/corrections
product standardization committee
weigh in the options in buying materials to reach the break-even point and arrive at targeted profit
economic ordering quantity
what does EOQ mean
national fire prevention agency
what does NFPA mean
occupational safety and health administration
what does OSHA mean
pull aim squeeze sweep
what does PASS mean
rescue alarm contain evacuate
what does RACE mean
census or tally sheet
what does a perpetual system use to keep track of inventory
random and systematic errors
what errors does intralab QC detect
goals
what needs to be accomplished
systematic investigation
what needs to be conducted to identify what kind of change needs to be pursued
RACE
when a fire is discovered all employees are expected to follow what acronym
6 months before the beginning of a new budget year
when do most institutions start the operational budget preparation process
during the job analysis process and the preparation of the job description
when the groundwork for needs assessment and justification need to be completed
purpose criteria
where will be the budget intended for either capital project or operational budget
variable costs
which category of variability by volume costs is the most manageable and adjustable on a short-term basis
fixed costs
which category of variability by volume costs is usually predictable and supportive in nature
fixed cost
which category of variability by volume costs remain constant regardless of changes in levels of activity
health facilities and services regulatory bureau of the department of health
who defines the different classifications of clinical laboratory
project design team
who prepares the FND
employee
works part-time or full-time under a contract of employment, whether oral or written, expressed or implied, and thus recognize rights and duties
gloves
worn when in contact with blood or other potentially infectious material (OPIM)
protective body clothing
worn when there is threat of contamination to parts of body not covered
credibility
worthiness of a person as perceived by another
recycling
xylene may be disposed via...
Reject the specimen
A specimen for culture was delivered to the Microbiology section but upon inspection, the specimen lacks label. As the Med Tech in charge, what will you do to the specimen? -Confirm source of the specimen by yourself -Label the specimen before proceeding to process it -Reject the specimen -Accept the specimen if the nurse/patient will label it themselves -None of the above
Accounts payable
Assets in the laboratory include all of the following, EXCEPT -Cash holdings -Non-medical supplies -Accounts payable -Equipments -Accounts receivable
Statement is related to A only
Association Item: Acquisition option that requires strong commitment: A. Capital lease B. Operating lease -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
A) General Policies
Association Item: Administrative Organization -A) General Policies -B) Department Policies -Both A & B -None of the Above
Both A & B
Association Item: Aims to remove ambiguities and allow uniform & consistent application -A) Policy Manual -B) Procedure Manual -Both A & B -None of the Above
Statement is not related to A nor B
Association Item: Allotting budget for remodeling of the laboratory: A. Operating lease B. Capital lease -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is related to A only
Association Item: Analysis tool indicating the need to purchase the equipment A. Narrative Tool B. Quantitative Tool -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is related to both A and B
Association Item: Analysis tool that evaluate expenditures of the company: A. Narrative Tool B. Quantitative Tool -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is related to B only
Association Item: Analysis tool that utilizes payback period: A. Narrative Tool B. Quantitative Tool -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is not related to A nor B
Association Item: Analysis tool that utilizes the strength and weakness of the company's purchasing power, A. Narrative Tool B. Quantitative Tool -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is related to B only
Association Item: Applicant was not hired because his religion. A. Disparate Impact B. Disparate Treatment * -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to Both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is not related to A nor B
Association Item: Company's budget based on priority, A. Forecast budgeting B. Flexible budgeting -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is related to both A and B
Association Item: Company's budget for acquisition of equipment, A.Forecast budgeting B. Flexible budgeting -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is related to B only
Association Item: Contains basic qualifications of the recruits needed. A. Job description B. Job specification -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is related to A only
Association Item: Contains responsibilities of the vacant position A. Job description B. Job specification -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is related to Both A and B
Association Item: Conversation between applicants and employer: A. Patterned interview B. Stress interview -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to Both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is related to B only
Association Item: Depreciation that involves double declining balance: A. Straight-line depreciation B. Accelerated depreciation -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is not related to A nor B
Association Item: Hematology analyzer directly bought from the distributor: A. Capital lease B. Reagent rental plans -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Both A & B
Association Item: Information of day-to-day laboratory operations -A) Policy Manual -B) Procedure Manual -Both A & B -None of the Above
Both A & B
Association Item: Internal Manual -A) Safety Manual -B) Quality Management Manual -Both A & B -None of the Above
Statement is not related to A nor B
Association Item: Involves labor market A. Selection Process B. Employment Process -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to Both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is not related to A nor B
Association Item: Refers to the depreciation value of the equipment at the time of resale: A. Straight-line depreciation B. Accelerated depreciation -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Both A & B
Association Item: Should be made available to the nurses' station -A) Laboratory Service Manual -B) Specimen Collection Manual -Both A & B -None of the Above
B) Procedure Manual
Association Item: Standard Operating Procedures -A) Policy Manual -B) Procedure Manual -Both A & B -None of the Above
Both A & B
Association Item: This manual caters to the patients and answers their frequently asked questions -A) Laboratory Service Manual -B) Specimen Collection Manual -Both A & B -None of the Above
Both A & B
Association Item: Tied directly with work flow and job analysis -A) Policy Manual -B) Procedure Manual -Both A & B -None of the Above
B) Procedure Manual
Association Item: Used as a reference in performing laboratory methods -A) Policy Manual -B) Procedure Manual -Both A & B -None of the Above
B) External Manual
Association Item: contains information on billing practices/ insurance -A) Internal Manual -B) External Manual -Both A & B -None of the Above
Both A & B
Association Item: contains the company's disaster plan -A) Policy Manual -B) Procedure Manual -Both A & B -None of the Above
Statement is related to A only
Association Items: hiring the most desirable for the job A. Elimination B. Prioritizing -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to Both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is related to B only
Association: According to McGregor, this is a Participative approach in Management: A.Theory X B.Theory Y -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is not related to A nor B
Association: Based on Vrooms and Yetton, Shares the problem with subordinates and together coming up with a mutual solution, A.AI B.CI -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is related to B only
Association: Based on Vrooms and Yetton, Shares the the problem with relevant subordinates individually, A.AI B.CI -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is not related to A nor B
Association: Choosing the most reliable analyzer for the laboratory, A.Definition B.Investigation -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statements are not related to A nor B
Association: Complaints from the patient, A.Investigation B.Definition -Statement related to A only -Statement related to B only -Statements related to both A and B -Statements are not related to A nor B
Statement is related to both A and B
Association: Conversation to verify credentials of the applicants, A.Patterned interview B.Stress interview -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is related to B only
Association: Decision making is dependent on people who actually perform the job: A.Departmentalization B.Decentralization -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is related to both A and B
Association: External environment that can affect organization: A.Economic condition B.Funding sources -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is related to B only
Association: Generation workers shaped by Vietnam War and Civil right movement: A. Gen X B.Baby boomers -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is related to both A and B
Association: Generations at work that requires flexible working schedules: A.Gen X B.Gen Y -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is related to A only
Association: Implementation plan involving people in the workplace: A.Persuasion B.Control -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is not related to A nor B
Association: Leader that acts according to the framework set by the organization: A.Director B.Supervisor -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is not related to A nor B
Association: Organizational Chart that shows organizational interdependence: A. Tall Structure B.Flat structure -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is both related to A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is not related to A nor B
Association: Organizational chart applicable to project based employment: A.Functional Top-down B.Divisional Organizational chart -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is not related to A nor B
Association: Organizational model that is based on the specific jobs dictated by the work institution: A.Bureaucratic B.Matrix Scheme -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is related to A only
Association: Organizational structure with line of authority assigned by the owner of the company: A.Formal Bureaucracy B.Informal Groups -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is relates to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is related to A only
Association: Proponent of specialization in the workplace: A.Adam Smith B. Henry Fayol -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is related to B only
Association: Ranking method, A.Elimination selection B.Prioritizing selection -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is related to A only
Association: Statement that expresses the long-term plan of the organization: A.Goals B.Objectives -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is not related to A nor B
Association: Supervisory authority assigned through formal delegation: A. Staff authority B.Functional authority -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is related to A only
Association: Supplies and Manpower in the organization: A.Input B.Output -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is related to both A and B
Association: Taken from the pools of applicant, A.Recruitment Process B.Selection process -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is related to both A and B
Association: The recency effect in interview, A.Elimination selection B.Prioritizing selection -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is related to both A and B
Association: Type of message, A.Letter B.Body language -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is related to B only
Association: Ways to assess the information if transmitted successfully: A.Decoding B.Feedback -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
Statement is related to B only
Association:Statement that captures the essence of the organization's existence: A.Vision B.Mission -Statement is related to A only -Statement is related to B only -Statement is related to both A and B -Statement is not related to A nor B
NCCLS
At the present moment, the laboratory's technical procedure manual must be consistent with the requirements and recommendation of the following, EXCEPT: -JCAHO -CAP -AABB -NCLSI -NCCLS
people barriers
BARRIERS OF COMMUNICATION: can be caused of perceptual or interpersonal relationships
people barriers
BARRIERS OF COMMUNICATION: can exist because of individual difference
technical problems
BARRIERS OF COMMUNICATION: occur during the transmission and reception. may include in the equipment
problem of semantics
BARRIERS OF COMMUNICATION: revolve around words and their meanings
structural
BARRIERS OF COMMUNICATION: the organization itself, its design, and bureaucratic patterns
physical barriers
BARRIERS OF EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION: inadequate equipment
information overload
BARRIERS OF EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION: it takes time to process large quantities of information
lack of common experience
BARRIERS OF EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION: not relatable
cultural noise
BARRIERS OF EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION: stereotypes
structure design problems
BARRIERS OF EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION: unclear organizational structures, bad information systems, lac of supervision and employee training
direct costs
BILLABLE PROCEDURE COSTS: reagents
direct costs
BILLABLE PROCEDURE COSTS: rent
direct costs
BILLABLE PROCEDURE COSTS: repeats
direct costs
BILLABLE PROCEDURE COSTS: supplies
direct costs
BILLABLE PROCEDURE COSTS: tech labor
direct costs
BILLABLE PROCEDURE COSTS: wastage
direct costs
BILLABLE PROCEDURE: considered variable iin nature
discretionary test
CAPTIVE REVENUE/DISCRETIONARY TEST: referrals by physicians or insurance companies
C
CASE STUDY: A group of 100 patients were tested with testing kits A, B, C. Testing Kit A produced 85% positive results, Testing Kit B produced 69% positive results while Testing Kit C produced 78% positive results. Upon confirmatory testing, it was found out that only 80 patients were positive for the disease. Match the testing kits with the description from the left MOST DIAGNOSTIC SENSITIVE? -A -B -C
A
CASE STUDY: A group of 100 patients were tested with testing kits A, B, C. Testing Kit A produced 85% positive results, Testing Kit B produced 69% positive results while Testing Kit C produced 78% positive results. Upon confirmatory testing, it was found out that only 80 patients were positive for the disease. Match the testing kits with the description from the left MOST DIAGNOSTIC SPECIFIC? -A -B -C
A
CASE STUDY: A group of 100 patients were tested with testing kits A, B, C. Testing Kit A produced 85% positive results, Testing Kit B produced 69% positive results while Testing Kit C produced 78% positive results. Upon confirmatory testing, it was found out that only 80 patients were positive for the disease. Match the testing kits with the description from the left MOST SENSITIVE? -A -B -C
C
CASE STUDY: A group of 100 patients were tested with testing kits A, B, C. Testing Kit A produced 85% positive results, Testing Kit B produced 69% positive results while Testing Kit C produced 78% positive results. Upon confirmatory testing, it was found out that only 80 patients were positive for the disease. Match the testing kits with the description from the left MOST SPECIFIC? -A -B -C
financial
CATEGORIES OF RESOURCES: capital and budget
physical
CATEGORIES OF RESOURCES: equipment and supplies
physical
CATEGORIES OF RESOURCES: space
General Policy
Classify the policy in Hospital XYZ that deducts salary of the staff when they time in late for work -General Policy -Department Policy -All of the Above -None of the Above
analytical
FACTORS AFFECTING COSTS: equipment purchase
analytical
FACTORS AFFECTING COSTS: labor
analytical
FACTORS AFFECTING COSTS: lease
QA/QC
FACTORS AFFECTING COSTS: monitoring and maintaining tests quality
pre-analytical
FACTORS AFFECTING COSTS: obtaining the specimen
pre-analytical
FACTORS AFFECTING COSTS: phlebotomy procedures
analytical
FACTORS AFFECTING COSTS: reagents
post-analytical
FACTORS AFFECTING COSTS: reporting results
pre-analytical
FACTORS AFFECTING COSTS: the cost of placing the order
pre-analytical
FACTORS AFFECTING COSTS: transporting it to the laboratory
-elevator operations -fire alarms -evacuation routes and plans -use of automatic self-closing doors
FIRE PREVENTION STRATEGIES: In terms of construction, building specifications include...
-fire resistant building materials -automatic sprinklers -fire hydrants -fire blankets
FIRE PREVENTION STRATEGIES: fire fighting equipment involves the use of...
sounding the alarm
FIRE PREVENTION STRATEGIES: in terms of training and practice, the very first thing you should do is...
functional narrative document
FND stands for...
formal
FORMAL/INFORMAL GROUPS: followers are gained from recruitment incentives
informal
FORMAL/INFORMAL GROUPS: followers-personal attraction
informal
FORMAL/INFORMAL GROUPS: leaders - charism
formal
FORMAL/INFORMAL GROUPS: leaders are appointed
formal
FORMAL/INFORMAL GROUPS: organizationally driven
formal
FORMAL/INFORMAL GROUPS: purpose is for profit or social goals
formal
FORMAL/INFORMAL GROUPS: sanctions are in the form of organizational rewards and punishment policies
informal
FORMAL/INFORMAL GROUPS: sanctions come in the form of peer pressure
subjective probability
FORMS OF PROBABILITY ANALYSIS: based on the knowledge and experience of the decision maker
empirical probability
FORMS OF PROBABILITY ANALYSIS: determined from the recordings of actual events over a specific period of time
priori probability
FORMS OF PROBABILITY ANALYSIS: predictions obtained by deduction based on assumed conditions
apathy and indifference
FORMS OF RESISTANCE TO CHANGE: "I just work here"
pet project attitude
FORMS OF RESISTANCE TO CHANGE: "are you criticizing my plan?"
negative view
FORMS OF RESISTANCE TO CHANGE: "it wont work"
negative view
FORMS OF RESISTANCE TO CHANGE: "we already tried that"
authoritarian approach
FORMS OF RESISTANCE TO CHANGE: "you are not to reason why"
No Exception
Factors of the Organizational Structure, EXCEPT: -Design -Options -Authority -Strategies -No Exception
No exception
Factors that affect decision making in the workplace, EXCEPT -Interpersonal differences -Alternatives available -Complexity of the situation -Probable risk -No exception
The work schedule does not violate the 8/80-hour rule
Following the 8/80-hour work schedule, an employee working for 7 consecutive 8-hour shifts followed by 4 day offs and 3 8-hour shifts shall be: -Given overtime pay, since the shifts exceed the 40-hour rule -Given overtime pay, since the shifts exceed 8 hours -Deductions will be given for having more than 2 days off -The work schedule does not violate the 8/80-hour rule
The chemical has a flash point below 200F
From left to right, the numbers 1,2,3 can be seen in the NFPA hazards ID symbol of a certain chemical. At the bottom, "OX" was written. What can you conclude about this chemical based on the given data? -Chemical has no specific hazard -Chemical health hazard indicates extreme danger -The chemical has a flash point below 200F -The chemical is only unstable when heated -None of the Above
generation y
GENERATIONS: world views -love challenges and development, fun work life, and work life balance, likely to leave organization if they don't like change
generation y
GENERATIONS: communication styles -IMS text and emails
traditionalists
GENERATIONS: communication styles include personal touch and handwritten notes
baby boomers
GENERATIONS: competitive
generation y
GENERATIONS: cynical, confident, social, and value fun
traditionalists
GENERATIONS: dependable
generation z
GENERATIONS: employers should offer to work for multiple projects, work life balance, allow them to be self-directed and independent
traditionalists
GENERATIONS: employers should provide satisfying work and opportunities to contribute and emphasize stability
generation z
GENERATIONS: expects employers to provide formal training
baby boomers
GENERATIONS: grew up in a prosperous economy with two parents families, only one worked
generation y
GENERATIONS: grew up in a time of marked advances in technology, internet 24/7 connectivity
generation x
GENERATIONS: grow up in a world of economic uncertainty, one filled with rapid change and without solid traditions
generation x
GENERATIONS: informal
generation y
GENERATIONS: internet
generation z
GENERATIONS: less focused
traditionalists
GENERATIONS: lived through WW2
traditionalists
GENERATIONS: lived through the great depression
baby boomers
GENERATIONS: motivated by company loyalty, teamwork and duty
generation z
GENERATIONS: motivated by diversity, personalization, individuality, and creativity
generation x
GENERATIONS: motivated by diversity, work life balance, personal professional interests rather than companies' interests
generation y
GENERATIONS: motivated by responsibility, quality of their manager and unique work experiences
generation x
GENERATIONS: skeptical
traditionalists
GENERATIONS: straightfoward
traditionalists
GENERATIONS: tactful
baby boomers
GENERATIONS: team-oriented
baby boomers
GENERATIONS: typically fill leadership roles
baby boomers
GENERATIONS: vietnam war
traditionalists
GENERATIONS: viewed by the world as obedient individuals
baby boomers
GENERATIONS: water gate
baby boomers
GENERATIONS: workaholic
traditionalists
GENERATIONS: workers from the greatest generation
generation z
GENERATIONS: world view - digital device addicts, independent, individualistic, prefer to work with millennial managers, innovative, techy
baby boomers
GENERATIONS: world views them as achievers, achievement comes after dues are paid, sacrifice for success
A & B
Gaps in the work schedule can be identified by viewing the? -A - Staffing Requirement -B - Routine Stage of the Schedule -C - Staffing Pool -A & B -None of the Above
60.69
Give the -3SD for these given value: 75,79,88 -88.67 -60.69 -80.46 -59.46 -82.01
6.66
Give the SD for these given value: 75,79,88 -44.34 -80.67 -6.66 -0.07 -7.07
Analysis of foreseeable changes
Hospital XYZ decided to acquire PCR machines to confirm the presence of SARS-CoV-2 from PUIs admitted in their hospital. Based on their workload projections, they need to hire 2 Med Techs trained in Molecular Diagnostics to run the said tests. From what source could Hospital XYZ derive its data for workload projections? -Historical Records -Analysis of foreseeable changes -Analysis of future trends -All of the Above -None of the Above
Nelliel can be assigned flexible working hours to serve Hospital XYZ
Hospital XYZ employed Pathologist Nelliel, who happens to work at Hospital ABC every afternoon. Being the only pathologist available, what can Hospital XYZ do to accommodate Pathologist Nelliel? -Employ an exempt and professional status to Pathologist Nelliel -Allow Nelliel to work at home -Nelliel can be assigned flexible working hours to serve Hospital XYZ -Nelliel can work as freelance employee in Hospital XYZ -None of the Above
provide training, groundwork, feedback, explanations, reassurance, credibility, and trust
IMPROVEMENT STRATEGIES TO COMMUNICATION BARRIERS: people
pay attention to both content and context
IMPROVEMENT STRATEGIES TO COMMUNICATION BARRIERS: semantic
remove or find alternative routes
IMPROVEMENT STRATEGIES TO COMMUNICATION BARRIERS: structural
find alternative routes or times
IMPROVEMENT STRATEGIES TO COMMUNICATION BARRIERS: technical
urine
Identified by OSHA as potential blood borne pathogens, EXCEPT: -semen -vaginal fluid -saliva -CSF -urine
Preventive
Identify the QA activity involved when a Med Tech runs calibrators for their machine. -Corrective -Preventive -Assessment -Quality control -None of the above
19
Identify the mean for these given value: 17, 20, 21 -17 -29 -19 -20 -21
laboratory manager
LABORATORY CHANGE ROLES: they lead, cultivate the vision, inspire, and motivate the whole staff to making, overcoming, accepting, committing, and practicing the change
bench-level supervisor
MANAGEMENT LEVELS IN THE LABORATORY: ensures performance of the lab tests
laboratory supervisor
MANAGEMENT LEVELS IN THE LABORATORY: focus on people and operational delivery of laboratory services
laboratory manager and laboratory supervisor
MANAGEMENT LEVELS IN THE LABORATORY: high conceptual and technical skills
laboratory director
MANAGEMENT LEVELS IN THE LABORATORY: high conceptual, low technical skills
laboratory manager and laboratory supervisor
MANAGEMENT LEVELS IN THE LABORATORY: plan, organize, direct and control jobs
laboratory director
MANAGEMENT LEVELS IN THE LABORATORY: responsibility in achiving goals
consultative system
MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS: communication flows both downward and upward
benevolent-authoritative system
MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS: motivates employees through potential punishment and rewards
consultative system
MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS: motivation through rewards, occasional punishment and little involvement in making decisions
The 1st statement is false and the 2nd statement is true
Moore's Type: Semantics is a type of non-verbal communication because it involves body language and its association to the words. -The 1st and 2nd statements are true and related as to cause and effect -The 1st and 2nd statements are true but not related as to cause and effect -The 1st statement is true and the 2nd statement is false -The 1st statement is false and the 2nd statement is true -Both statements are false
exploitative-authoritative system
MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS: negative feelings follow
Minimum-Maximum
MedTech Josephine Bracken finds it a hassle to keep on replenishing supplies for Routine Urinalysis every week, which is why one day, she ordered stocks that would last for a month instead of a week! However, when the laboratory manager inspected this, the manager was surprised to see that MT Bracken ordered just the sufficient amount for the whole month without over-replenishing. What replenishment technique did MT Bracken unknowingly use? -Periodic Check -Random Check -Perpetual System -Minimum-Maximum -Just-in-Time
purchase price of project/annual income generated
payback period formula
planned changes
PLANNED CHANGES/UNPLANNED CHANGES: installing automation
planned changes
PLANNED CHANGES/UNPLANNED CHANGES: remodeling or renovating
unplanned
PLANNED/UNPLANNED CHANGE: emergent changes may be...
both
PLANNED/UNPLANNED CHANGE: evolutionary changes may be...
both
PLANNED/UNPLANNED CHANGE: opportunity changes may be...
tertiary
PRIMARY/SECONDARY/TERTIARY LABORATORY: microbiology room
primary, secondary, tertiary
PRIMARY/SECONDARY/TERTIARY LABORATORY: pathologist area
primary, secondary, tertiary
PRIMARY/SECONDARY/TERTIARY LABORATORY: toilet
max weber
the 5 basic features of bureaucratic model were defined by
indirect cost
DIRECT COST/INDIRECT COST/GENERAL LABORATORY OVERHEAD: supervision
indirect costs
DIRECT COST/INDIRECT COST/GENERAL LABORATORY OVERHEAD: training
baby boomers
GENERATIONS: JFK assassination
generation z
GENERATIONS: access technology at a young age
generation y
GENERATIONS: achievement-oriented
traditionalists
GENERATIONS: believes age equates seniority
generation y
GENERATIONS: between earl 1980s and early 2000s
traditionalists
GENERATIONS: born between 1922-1945
generation y
GENERATIONS: civic and open-minded
baby boomers
GENERATIONS: civil rights struggles
generation y
GENERATIONS: columbine
baby boomers and generation X
GENERATIONS: communication style - phone calls and face to face
generation z
GENERATIONS: communication style- IMS, text and social media
GI
VROOM AND YETTON DECISION STYLES: the team arrives at a mutual solution
8/80 hour work cycle
allows employees to work weekends with scheduled days off during the corresponding time period
general laboratory overhead
DIRECT COST/INDIRECT COST/GENERAL LABORATORY OVERHEAD: QA
decision tree
-schematic presentation -demonstrates the probability potential of selecting a particular course of action at specific decision option points
not for profit companies
-tax-exempt corporations usually organized to provide a social service -make money to exist
-mission or goal -leaders with the authority -necessary resources -responsibility -accountability
5 conditions for the management to succed
direct cost of test
DIRECT COST/INDIRECT COST/GENERAL LABORATORY OVERHEAD: QCs
1. identifying investment opportunities 2. evaluating investment proposals 3. choosing a profitable investment 4. capital budgeting and apportionment 5. performance review
5 steps in capital budgeting
-intake of requisition or specimen -return of info and results
2 directions that the laboratory must interact with users of its services
4 1s
4 control result exceeds 1SD
-capital item -time criteria -price criteria -purpose criteria
4 issues in capital budget preparation
-design elements and factors -appropriate options, design models, and strategies -delegation of authority -formal organizational charts
4 main factors assessing the structural design of an organization
-planning -organizing -directing -controlling
4 main functions of the management process
P 1.78
A chemistry analyzer was bought with a purchased price of P550,000.00 but was sold forP480,000.00 after 5 years. What is the unit depreciation of the said analyzer if it was able toperform 270,000 tests for 5 years? -P 0.50 -P 1.28 -P 1.58 -P 1.78 -None of the given choices
Pass
A clinical laboratory participating in a proficiency testing program which submitted results that have a difference of 2 is considered: -Pass -Fail
Corporation
A company that is said to be owned by hundreds or even thousands of shareholders -Sole Proprietorship -Partnership -Corporation -None of the Above -All of the Above
Sole Proprietorship
A company which owned by an individual owner * -Sole Proprietorship -Partnership -Corporation -None of the Above -All of the Above
Quality Controls
A component of the quality system that is run together with patient samples to detect errors in testing -Quality Assurance -Quality Assessment -Quality Controls -Calibrators -None of the above
P 1350.00
A laboratory manager has an 8-hour duty per week with a pay of P 800.00. But in her biometrics, the time-in and out shows: Mon: 7AM - 6PM, Tue: 7AM - 5PM, Wed: 7AM - 3PM, Thu: 7AM - 7PM and Fri: 7AM - 3PM. How much overtime pay she will receive after a week? -P 1350.00 -P 1350.50 -P 1530.00 -P 1530.50 -None of the given choices
P 1312.50
A laboratory technician has a daily basic pay of 350.00 pesos in an eight-hour shift. If he had a total overtime of 20 hours in a week, how much overtime pay he will receive after a week? -P 1300.00 -P 1312.50 -P 1321.20 -P 1312.00 -None of the given choices
Place the tube in a centrifuge and observe plasma. If not hemolyzed, specimen is ACCEPTED
A phlebotomist encountered difficulty in blood collection and resorted to swimming to collect the desired amount. He was able to collect 2mL of blood in EDTA tube and was able to invert it 8x prior to labelling and transporting the specimen. How can you justify this specimen's acceptability? -Do a wedge smear, check for platelet clumps. If none seen, specimen is ACCEPTED -Place the tube in a centrifuge and observe plasma. If not hemolyzed, specimen is ACCEPTED -Compare patient's current results with previous, if the difference is significant, REJECT -All of the above
Supply Requisition
All of the following information are found in the laboratory's technical procedure manual, EXCEPT: -Principle of the test -Interfering Substances -Calibration and Control Materials -Patient Preparation -Supply Requisition
direct cost of test
DIRECT COST/INDIRECT COST/GENERAL LABORATORY OVERHEAD: calibrations
indirect costs
DIRECT COST/INDIRECT COST/GENERAL LABORATORY OVERHEAD: development
RA 9231
An act that protects children against child labor: -RA 7795 -RA 4180 -RA 9231 -RA 6758 -RA 2008
Every Shift
As part of the QC program, the Blood Bank Med Techs are required to check temperature of Blood Bank refrigerators and freezers every? -Daily -Every Shift -Periodically -None of the above
All of the given choices
As the receiver of the message, what factors will you consider to have an effective communication? -Perception -Context -Technique in decoding -Credibility -All of the given choices
college of american pathologists
CAP stands for
captive revenue test
CAPTIVE REVENUE/DISCRETIONARY TEST: emergency room patients
captive revenue test
CAPTIVE REVENUE/DISCRETIONARY TEST: inpatient
captive revenue test
CAPTIVE REVENUE/DISCRETIONARY TEST: outpatient
Describes the current state of the organization
Characteristics of a good Vision Statement, EXCEPT: -Describes the current state of the organization. -Reflects the organization's road map. -Offers a long-term perspective and is unlikely to be impacted by changes in the technology. -Inspiring statements that motivates employee to work with a cause. -No Exception
Materialistic
Characteristics of a good objective, EXCEPT: -Realistic -Time-bound -Materialistic -Achievable -No Exception
Interrupt with counter argument
Characteristics of having a good listening skills, EXCEPT -Interrupt with counter argument -Provide feedback -Pay attention to the speaker -Show interest -No Exception
Opinions in the organization is based on social norms
Characteristics of the Formal Organization, EXCEPT: -Have appointed leaders -Recruitment incentives for the employees. -Opinions in the organization is based on social norms. -Have social goals. -No Exception
B & C
Compares the net profit for a specified period to the total expenses of doing the business on the same period -A- Balance Sheet -B- Profit and Loss Statements -C- Income Statements -A & C -B & C
RA 6758
Compensation and Position Classification Act of 1989 for government servant and employees: -RA 7795 -RA 4180 -RA 9231 -RA 6758 -RA 2008
Depreciation
Fixed assets whose value is expensed as the value fades over time? -Revenue Deductions -Operating Expense -Depreciation -Interest -None of the above
3
Following the 40-Hour rule, what is the LEAST number of Med Techs needed to staff the Microbiology section with a staffing requirement of 2 per day everyday? -1 -2 -3 -4 -5
Training 1 Med Tech in that section can fill the gap
Following the 40-hour work schedule, a laboratory section has a staffing requirement of 5 per day everyday and a staffing pool of 7 Med Techs rotating in that section. How can the staffing pool meet the staffing requirement if one of those 7 suddenly resign? -Training 1 Med Tech in that section can fill the gap -The staffing pool would still be enough to satisfy the staffing requirement -None of the Above
-Deductions will be given for having more than 2 days off -The work schedule does not violate 40-Hour rule
Following the 40-hour work schedule, an employee working 4 10-hour shifts with 3 days off for each week within two weeks shall be: -Given overtime pay, since it exceeds the 40-hour rule -Given overtime pay, since the shifts exceed 8 hours -Deductions will be given for having more than 2 days off -The work schedule does not violate 40-Hour rule -None of the Above
generation x
GENERATIONS: favors diversity, quick to move if employer fails to meet their needs, resistant to change at work it it affects personal lives already
generation y
GENERATIONS: 911
Perpetual System
Identify the technique for inventory level check when for every time MedTech Leonor Rivera would replace the empty diluting reagent for the Architect machine, she logs it on her logbook -Periodic Check -Random Check -Perpetual System -Minimum-Maximum -Just-in-Time
469 packs/ order
In this example, "Order 469 packs of Blood Agar plates each time the inventory drops to 211 (about every 16 days), identify the EOQ: -469 packs/ order -16 days/ order -211 packs -None of the Above
16 days
In this example, "Order 469 packs of Blood Agar plates each time the inventory drops to 211 (about every 16 days), identify the ORT of the given data: -469 packs/ order -16 days -211 pack -None of the Above
No Exception
Included in the recruitment campaigns, EXCEPT: -Referrals -Networking -PAMET -Walk-in -No Exception
Variable Costs
Includes expenses like reagent costs, which respond directly to any change in workload -Fixed Assets -Semi Variable Costs -Fixed Costs -Variable Costs -Total Costs
Fixed Costs
Includes expenses like rent that are constant regardless of changes in levels of activity -Fixed Assets -Semi Variable Costs -Fixed Costs -Variable Costs -Total Costs
Depreciation
Includes fixed assets such as building, car, tables and chairs -Operating Revenue -Revenue Deductions -Operating Expense -Depreciation -Interests
Promotion
Inclusion of the compensation package, EXCEPT: -Social security system -Philhealth -Take home pay -Promotion -No Exception
No Exception
Inclusion of the orientation program, EXCEPT: -VMG -Department tour -Wage Disclosure -Work assignment -No Exception
-knowledge -skills -attitude -work conditions
Inclusions in a job specification sheet
Personnel process
Individual's relationship with the organization from company recruitment to final separation
laboratory manager
LABORATORY CHANGE ROLES: provides mentorship and guides the ataff
laboratory manager
LABORATORY CHANGE ROLES: the change agent, leads the change
-health -flammability -reactivity -personal/special precautions
NFPA hazards identification system contains information relating to...
Professional Extenders
Nurse Joy, as what the employees in Hospital XYZ call Joy, is not actually a nurse. Although she is not a nursing graduate, she has been trained to perform the basic nursing care and aid nurses in the different procedures. "Nurse Joy" is an example of what type of employee? -Nurse -Floater -Generalist -Professional Extenders -Non-Professional Extenders -None of the Above
stakeholder's feedback
ORGANIZATION COMMUNICATION LINKS: information outside
Captive Revenue Tests
Source of revenue for procedures requested for inpatients, outpatients and ER patients -Captive Revenue Tests -Discretionary Tests -All of the Above -None of the Above
All of the Above
Storage space is best utilized in which of the following scenario? -All supplies that cannot be used immediately should be kept in the storage room to prevent unwanted damage/loss of the supplies -No matter how small the storage space, it must be free of traffic -The arrangement of supplies in the storage room -should be based on the expiry date -All of the Above
Cash Basis
Technique for recording financial activity for most routine expenses and low-cost items -Cash Basis -Accrual Basis -Statement of Financial Position -Statement of Income and Retained Earnings -Statement of Flow of Funds
Accrual Basis
Technique for recording financial activity that accurately determines where costs and revenues are being generated -Cash Basis -Accrual Basis -Statement of Financial Position -Statement of Income and Retained Earnings -Statement of Flow of Funds
B and C
The accounting specialty which emphasizes on analyzing and providing operational information: -Financial Accounting -Cost Accounting -Managerial Accounting -A and C -B and C
two-container system
The process mandated by OSHA when disposing hazardous waste is? -universal precaution -houskeeping techiniques -two-container system -engineering and work practice control -labels & signs
Quality control
These are considered inputs in the laboratory, EXCEPT: -Test requests -Laboratory equipment -Quality control -Reagent kits -No Exception
Not-for-Profit Companies
These are the type of companies that make money to exist to provide social services such as religion and health care: -Sole proprietorship -Partnership -For-Profit Companies -Not-for-Profit Companies -Corporation
Policy
These express behavioral expectation within the workplace -Policy -Procedure -Policy Manual -Procedure Manual -None of the Above
Floaters
They are Med Techs who may be generalists or specialists but do not have a fixed laboratory section to cover in a given schedule -Phlebotomists -Generalist -Technicians -Floaters -None of the Above
Fixed Costs
They are expenses that do not fluctuate when the workload changes in a daily or weekly basis: -Fixed Costs -Semi-variable Costs -Variable Costs -Total Costs -None of the Above
EOQ
This is the maximum amount to order when replenishing supplies -EOP -EOQ --ORT -Average Daily Use -None of the Above
Annual Usage
This value is based on the workload of the laboratory -Cost per unit -Annual Holding Costs -Costs of Ordering -Lead Time -Average Daily Use -Annual Usage
DI
VROOM AND YETTON DECISION STYLES: delegating the problem to a subordinate and giving him sole responsibility for the problem
AI
VROOM AND YETTON DECISION STYLES: make decision yourself using information available to you
nature of costs
also called managerial accounting
B) concentrated HCl
To prepare Solution A of the Diazo reagent, you need 985.0mL distilled water, 15.0mL concentrated HCl and 1.0g of sulfanilic acid. What is the SECOND ingredient to add in the glass beaker when preparing this reagent? -A) distilled water -B) concentrated HCl -Solution B -Both A & B
No exception
To provide a feasible budget, an operational manager must consider the following factors, EXCEPT: -Basic need of the laboratory -Present economy -Market study -Consistency of the budget -No exception
B & C
Tracks where expenses are incurred and assign responsibilities for their expenditure -A- Financial Accounting -B- Cost Accounting -C- Managerial Accounting -A & C -B & C
NO. drug testing requires a separate license from molecular diagnostics to perform
YES/NO: Jason, a RMT, just got back home from New Zealand to get his training to get a license to perform molecular diagnostics. After watching the show Narcos on Netflix Jason got interested with drugs. Because of this he decided to work for PDEA. Can PDEA hire him to be an analyst?
purchase order
a document authorizing the purchase of a product or services from a vendor
scalar principle
chain of commands in an organization
quality
degree of excellence
output
delivery of goods and services to external users
profit center
department that generates billable services
federal workers compensation act of 1911
regulation governing employee compensation requiring employees to contribute an additional percentage of wages to a fund that paid employees if they were injured on the job
management
seeks to guide the overall progress of the organization towards specific goals
spec book
the project manual is also known as...
technical supervisor
LABORATORY CHANGE ROLES: the implementer of change
solicitation of advice
DECISION MAKING TECHNIQUES: asking for opinions and organizing a committee
queuing theory
DECISION MAKING TECHNIQUES: based in the computer programs ideally suited to the fluctuating and unpredictable workflow of the medical laboratory
queuing theory
DECISION MAKING TECHNIQUES: determines -appropriate staffing level -avg number of units, waiting time, and time to process -maximum waiting time
linear programming
DECISION MAKING TECHNIQUES: resolves problems on: availability of resources allocation of limited resources maximize income and minimize losses
personal judgement
DECISION MAKING TECHNIQUES: skills is the major consideration
linear programming
DECISION MAKING TECHNIQUES: takes into account both pre analytical and post analytical
probability analysis
DECISION MAKING TECHNIQUES: useful when faced with several options under conditions with significant risks or uncertainty
stimulation
DECISION MAKING TECHNIQUES: uses computers to calculate trial inputs and resulting outputs to explore alternative before facing in reality
direct cost of test
DIRECT COST/INDIRECT COST/GENERAL LABORATORY OVERHEAD: direct labor
general laboratory overhead
DIRECT COST/INDIRECT COST/GENERAL LABORATORY OVERHEAD: education
indirect cost
DIRECT COST/INDIRECT COST/GENERAL LABORATORY OVERHEAD: general laboratory supplies
indirect cost
DIRECT COST/INDIRECT COST/GENERAL LABORATORY OVERHEAD: indirect labor
general laboratory overhead
DIRECT COST/INDIRECT COST/GENERAL LABORATORY OVERHEAD: information systems
direct cost of test
DIRECT COST/INDIRECT COST/GENERAL LABORATORY OVERHEAD: instrument depreciation
direct cost of test
DIRECT COST/INDIRECT COST/GENERAL LABORATORY OVERHEAD: maintenance and repair
general laboratory overhead
DIRECT COST/INDIRECT COST/GENERAL LABORATORY OVERHEAD: management
general laboratory overhead
DIRECT COST/INDIRECT COST/GENERAL LABORATORY OVERHEAD: marketing
direct cost of test
DIRECT COST/INDIRECT COST/GENERAL LABORATORY OVERHEAD: reagents
general laboratory overhead
DIRECT COST/INDIRECT COST/GENERAL LABORATORY OVERHEAD: report distribution
indirect costs
DIRECT COST/INDIRECT COST/GENERAL LABORATORY OVERHEAD: research
general laboratory overhead
DIRECT COST/INDIRECT COST/GENERAL LABORATORY OVERHEAD: sales
general laboratory overhead
DIRECT COST/INDIRECT COST/GENERAL LABORATORY OVERHEAD: specimen collection
Costs of Ordering
It is equal to total expense divided by no. of purchases -Cost per unit -Annual Holding Costs -Costs of Ordering -Lead Time -Annual Usage -Average Daily Use
Lead Time
It is the amount of advance notice needed between placing an order and its arrival -Cost per unit -Annual Holding Costs -Costs of Ordering -Lead Time -Annual Usage -Average Daily Use
Shelf Life
It is the length of time that a commodity may be stored without becoming unfit for use, consumption or sale -Grace Period -Expiry Date -Shelf Life -Lead Time -Optimal Reorder Time
Cost per unit
It is the value obtained from dividing the purchase price by the container size -Cost per unit -Annual Holding Costs -Costs of Ordering -Lead Time -Average Daily Use -Annual Usage
The 1st and 2nd statements are true and related as to cause and effect
Moore's Type: Delphi method uses opinions of the experts because it is a valuable information for forecasting. -The 1st and 2nd statements are true and related as to cause and effect -The 1st and 2nd statements are true but not related as to cause and effect -The first statement is true and the 2nd statement is false -The first statement is false and the 2nd statement is true -Both statements are false
The 1st and 2nd statements are true but not related as to cause and effect
Moore's Type: Empathy is important in communication because it allows the sender to seek feedback from its receiver. -The 1st and 2nd statements are true and related as to cause and effect -The 1st and 2nd statements are true but not related as to cause and effect -The 1st statement is true and the 2nd statement is false -The 1st statement is false and the 2nd statement is true -Both statements are false
The 1st statement is true and the 2nd statement is false
Moore's Type: Grapevine is a useful communication tool to managers because it is a source of a firsthand information. -The 1st and 2nd statements are true and related as to cause and effect -The 1st and 2nd statements are true but not related as to cause and effect -The 1st statement is true and the 2nd statement is false -The 1st statement is false and the 2nd statement is true -Both statements are false
1st statement is true and the 2nd statement is false
Moore's Type: Interview is an important step in the recruitment process because it can provide avenue for candidates to discuss salary and benefit provisions. * -1st and 2nd statements are true and related as to cause and effect -1st and 2nd statements are true but not related as to cause and effect -1st statement is true and the 2nd statement is false -1st statement is false and the 2nd statement is true -Both statements are false
The 1st statement is false and the 2nd statement is true
Moore's Type: Personal interest cannot affect the decision of the manager because they consider the opinion of their colleagues. -The 1st and 2nd statements are true and related as to cause and effect -The 1st and 2nd statements are true but not related as to cause and effect -The 1st statement is true and the 2nd statement is false -The 1st statement is false and the 2nd statement is true -Both statements are false
The 1st and 2nd statements are true but not related as to cause and effect
Moore's Type: Recognition is the first step in decision making because it considers information from reliable sources. -The 1st and 2nd statements are true and related as to cause and effect -The 1st and 2nd statements are true but not related as to cause and effect -The 1st statement is true and the 2nd statement is false -The 1st statement is false and the 2nd statement is true -Both statements are false
1st statement is false and the 2nd statement is true
Moore's Type: Selection of the recruits after interview is the responsibility of the human resource personnel because they are the one's who verified the candidates resume. -1st and 2nd statements are true and related as to cause and effect -1st and 2nd statements are true but not related as to cause and effect -1st statement is true and the 2nd statement is false -1st statement is false and the 2nd statement is true -Both statements are false
