LE test- 1-17-20

The human reproductive system is regulated

hormones

The first successful transplant of insulin producing cells from a living donor pancreas was complete in April 2000 in Japan. This enabled the body of the recipient to

maintain blood sugar levels throughout the day

The virus that causes AIDS is damaging to the body because it

targets cells that fight invading microbes

A substance directly involved in cellular communication within the human body is

a hormone

How do cells in the ovary detect a hormone from the brain

Receptor molecules on the cells of the ovary bind with the hormone

Increased blood glucose levels stimulate increased insulin secretion from the

pancreas

When getting a vaccination which substance is injected into the body?

a weakened form of a virus

responses of the immune system to usually harmless environmental substances are known as

allergies

The human immune system fights infection by releasing

antibodies

When you receive a vaccination at the doctor's office, your body is stimulated to produce

antibodies

It is recommended that people at risk for serious flu complications be vaccinated so that their bodies will produce

antibodies against the flu virus

The control center of the nervous system is

brain

Molecules in a certain medication attach to receptors on nerve cells. This prevents the normal chemical signal from binding to the receptor. One immediate result of taking this medication might be a disruption in the ability of

cells to communicate with each other

People who have AIDS are more likely than others to become ill with multiple infections because the pathogen that causes AIDS

damages the immune system

In humans, the maintenance of a stable internal environment is a direct result of

detection of and reaction to stimuli in the environment

Pneumocystis is an organism normally found in the human lungs that can cause pneumonia. It seldom causes problems in individuals with healthy immune systems. However, people with AIDS sometimes become seriously ill with pneumonia. This is most likely due to the fact that individuals with AIDS have

difficulty fighting off infections

The failure of the human body to effectively maintain dynamic equilibrium can result in

disease

Some human white blood cells help destroy pathogenic bacteria by

engulfing and digesting the bacteria

Drugs to reduce the risk of rejection are given to organ transplant patients because the donated organ contains

foreign antigens

Antibody molecules and receptor molecules are similar in that they both

have a specific shape related to their specific function

An organ, such as a kidney, used for transplant needs to be tested for compatibility with the person who is to receive the organ. If this is not done, the

immune system might attack the donated organ

Every time a child visited a cousin who has 2 cats, the child's eyes turned red, itched, and began to water. Then, the child began to have trouble breathing. It is most likely that the child reacted this way because

normally harmless cat antigens stimulated the immune system.

Bacteria that cause disease are called

pathogens

One reason for the change in wound healing time in a diabetic is that

poor circulation reduces the supply of nutrients and oxygen to the cells

A function of white blood cells is

protect the body against pathogens

Diabetes is a condition characterized by elevated blood sugar levels. One form of diabetes occurs when insulin fails to properly regulate blood sugar levels. Complications from diabetes can include nerve cell damage and poor blood flow, especially in the feet and legs. In individuals with diabetes, wounds usually take longer than normal to heal. The failure of a cell to react in a normal manner to insulin is most likely the result of a problem with

receptors

In response to an increasing blood glucose level, the human body will normally

release a hormone that lowers the blood glucose

Which of the following is the largest organ in the body, and is also the body's first line of defense?

skin

In 1995, during an Ebola virus outbreak, approximately 80% of the infected individuals died. An inference that could be made based on this information is

the individuals who survived were able to produce antibodies against the Ebola virus

Which one of the following statements most completely describes the function of regulation in humans

the nervous and endocrine systems work together to maintain homeostasis

What usually results when an organism fails to maintain homeostasis

the organism becomes ill or may die

Which of the following is accurate about vaccines

they contain weakened or dead forms of an antigen

A method of obtaining passive immunity is

when a mother breast feeds her child