Lecture Questions EXAM 3

3. A father brings his 10-year-old daughter in to the physician's office with jaundice, headache, fever, and anorexia, symptoms she has had for the past few days. The nurse should suspect infection of which organ in this client? A. Liver B. Stomach C. Esophagus D. Small intestines

A

4. A nurse is applying a cast to a 12-year-old boy with a simple fracture of the radius in the arm. What is most important for the nurse to do when she has finished applying the cast? A. Assess the fingers for warmth, pain, and function B. Apply a tube of stockinette over the cast C. Cut a window in the cast over the wrist D. X-ray the cast to make sure the bones are aligned properly

A

9. The nurse is caring for an infant. The infant's mother asks the mother, "what did the doctor mean when he said she may have regurgitation?" What response by the nurse is appropriate? A. "Regurgitation is the backflow of stomach contents up into the esophagus or mouth." B. "Regurgitation is not normal in infants. She will need more testing to see what is causing this." C. "Regurgitation is just another term for vomiting. All infants vomit some." D. "Regurgitation is when an infant can't tolerate their formula. You will need to switch."

A. "Regurgitation is the backflow of stomach contents up into the esophagus or mouth."

8. The nurse is speaking to the mother of an adolescent recently diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. The mother asks the nurse how her son's basketball training will affect his blood sugar. Which is the best response by the nurse? A. "When exercising, your son should add an extra snack containing 15 to 30 g of carbohydrates for each 45 to 60 minutes of exercise." B. "Exercising will increase your son's blood sugar. He will need to check his blood sugar every 15 minutes during his training." C. "Your son will need to check his blood sugar prior to his training. If it's over 300 then he will be fine to exercise." D. "Your son will need to make sure his blood sugar is under control for at least 6 months prior to resuming his training."

A. "When exercising, your son should add an extra snack containing 15 to 30 g of carbohydrates for each 45 to 60 minutes of exercise."

28. Wilm's tumor is suspected in a 5-year-old child. Which action would be avoided? A. Abdominal palpation B. Fiber intake C. Aspirin administration D. Rectal suppository use

A. Abdominal palpation

17. A 17-year-old adolescent is found wandering around. The adolescent is confused, sweaty, and pale. Which test would the nurse expect to be performed first? A. Blood glucose level B. CT scan C. Arterial blood gases D. Blood cultures

A. Blood glucose level

11. A nurse is administering an enteral feeding to a child with a G-tube. What is a recommended step in this procedure? A. Check for gastric residual before starting feeding by gently aspirating from the tube with a syringe. B. Position with the head of the bed lowered at a 20° angle. C. Administer feeding by connecting the syringe barrel to the tube and pouring formula into the syringe with a syringe plunger. D. After feeding, flush the tube with a small amount of saline and leave the gastrostomy tube open for 2 to 5 minutes.

A. Check for gastric residual before starting feeding by gently aspirating from the tube with a syringe.

10. In a child diagnosed with sickle cell disease, which clinical manifestation would the nurse most likely see? A. Decreased hemoglobin level B. Increased appetite C. Strawberry-colored tongue D. Hyperactive bowel sounds

A. Decreased hemoglobin level

A preschooler has celiac disease. Her mother is preparing a gluten-free diet. The nurse knows that the mother understands the diet when she prepares which breakfast foods? A. Eggs and orange juice B. Wheat toast and grape jelly C. Cheerios (oat cereal) and skim milk D. Rye toast and peanut butter

A. Eggs and orange juice

12. The nurse is caring for a neonate who has undergone an intestinal pull-through procedure for an imperforate anus. Which action would be most important for the nurse to do postoperatively? A. Listening for bowel sounds B. Observing the abdominal skin C. Determining the infant's ability to suck on a pacifier D. Turning the infant every 4 hours

A. Listening for bowel sounds

22. The nurse is caring for a child who has a depressed immune system due to chemotherapy treatments. The child is due for scheduled immunizations according to CDC recommendations. The nurse must ensure that the child does not receive which type of immunization? A. Live vaccine B. Killed vaccine C. Inactivated vaccine D. Any vaccine

A. Live vaccine

18. The child diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) will likely display which behavior? A. Repetitive actions B. Frequently losing things C. Engaging in dangerous activities D. Close attachment to his or her mother

A. Repetitive actions

24. A 14-year-old girl is diagnosed as having scoliosis. When doing scoliosis screening with her, an important observation would be to note: A. her posterior spine when she bends forward. B. the angle of the iliac crest when she bends forward. C. the posterior spine when she bends sideways. D. the angle of her lower chest when she sits down.

A. her posterior spine when she bends forward.

6. An adolescent client has just been diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Following client education about the disease, which statement by the client demonstrates understanding of SLE? A. "SLE is a rheumatic disease that mostly affects my joints." B. "SLE is an autoimmune disorder that I will always have, with times of flare- ups and times of minimal to no symptoms." C. "If my SLE has been found early enough in the disease process, there is a good chance that medication can cure it." D. "SLE only affects my skin. It seldom causes problems in any other organs."

B. "SLE is an autoimmune disorder that I will always have, with times of flare- ups and times of minimal to no symptoms."

15. The nurse is assessing children in an ambulatory clinic. Which child would be most likely to have iron-deficiency anemia? A. A 3-month-old boy who is totally breast-fed B. A 15-year-old girl who has heavy menstrual periods C. An 8-year-old girl who carries her lunch to school D. A 7-month-old boy who has started table food

B. A 15-year-old girl who has heavy menstrual periods

16. After hospital discharge, the mother of a child newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus telephones the nurse because her daughter is acting confused and very sleepy. Which emergency measure would the nurse suggest the mother carry out before she brings the child to see her doctor? A. Give her one unit of regular insulin. B. Give her a glass of orange juice. C. Give her nothing by mouth so that a blood sugar can be drawn at the doctor's office. D. Give her a glass of orange juice with one unit regular insulin in it.

B. Give her a glass of orange juice.

14. The nurse is caring for a child with a broken wrist that has just been placed in a cast. The nurse would elevate the arm to: A. promote healing. B. prevent edema. C. discourage infection. D. ensure proper bone alignment.

B. prevent edema.

29. A mother is telling the school nurse about her concerns regarding her 13-year-old daughter, who is experiencing headaches. Her grades have dropped, and she is sleeping late and going to bed early every night. The nurse advises the mother that the first priority should be to: A. discuss the situation with her teacher. B. schedule an immediate history and physical examination. C. ask the school psychologist to do psychometric testing. D. call for an appointment with a psychologist.

B. schedule an immediate history and physical examination.

13. The caregiver of a 2-year-old who has a polyurethane resin cast on her arm calls the clinic to report that her child is crying and says that the cast has sand in it. The caregiver states that she has had casts herself and knows how badly they can itch. She says she always used a hanger to scratch but is worried that it will be too sharp for the child. Which statement would be appropriate for the nurse to make to this caregiver? A. "Since the child's cast is synthetic, she could soak it with cool water." B. "A plastic ruler is less likely than a hanger to cut the child's skin." C. "Nothing should be put into the cast. You can blow cool air into it with a hair dryer." D. "You could give the child an extra dose of acetaminophen and see if that helps."

C. "Nothing should be put into the cast. You can blow cool air into it with a hair dryer."

25. The nurse is instructing the parents of a child with sickle cell anemia on safety precautions. What should the nurse emphasize during this teaching? A. Suggest the child participate in sports activities without restriction. B. Treat upper respiratory infections with over-the-counter medication. C. Ensure a consistent and daily intake of adequate fluids to prevent dehydration. D. Remind to avoid immunizations to prevent the introduction of bacteria into the body.

C. Ensure a consistent and daily intake of adequate fluids to prevent dehydration.

1. Which drug should be available for emergency treatment of a child who goes into anaphylactic shock? A. Morphine sulfate B. Meperidine C. Epinephrine D. Vistaril

C. Epinephrine

26. A father brings Jacob, age 2, to the health clinic with complaints of diarrhea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. The father tells the nurse that he is a single parent and Jacob is enrolled in a local daycare center. Based on this information, what gastrointestinal condition might the nurse suspect? A. Appendicitis B. Pancreatitis C. Gastroenteritis D. Hirschsprung disease

C. Gastroenteritis

21. A 9-month-old boy with iron-deficiency anemia is given ferrous sulfate therapy. Which assessment would best help you determine that he is actually taking it daily? A. His reticulocyte count will have decreased. B. He will develop diarrhea. C. His stools will appear black. D. He will be less irritable than he was at his last visit.

C. His stools will appear black.

23. The community nurse is visiting the home of a family with a mildly cognitively challenged child. Which observation indicates that the family is adjusting to this child's learning capacity? A. Older sibling teases the child and uses the term "dummy." B. Father tells the child to play with a toy while the adults talk. C. Parents support and engage the child in family conversation. D. Mother tells the child to stop making a mess on the kitchen table.

C. Parents support and engage the child in family conversation.

The nurse is talking with a 9-year-old child diagnosed with acute leukemia who will soon begin chemotherapy. The child expresses worry that when her hair falls out friends won't like her or want to play with her anymore. Which response by the nurse would be best? A. Reassure the child that her hair will grow back in 3 to 6 months. B. Tell the child that having chemotherapy is the only way she'll get better. C. Talk with her and her family about wearing a wig, cap, or scarf. D. Distract the child with a book or educational computer games.

C. Talk with her and her family about wearing a wig, cap, or scarf.

2. To prevent further urinary tract infections in a preschooler, what measures would you teach her mother? A. Encourage her to be more ambulatory to increase urine output. B. Teach her to take frequent tub baths to clean her perineal area. C. Suggest she drink less fluid daily to concentrate urine. D. Teach her to wipe her perineum front to back after voiding.

D. Teach her to wipe her perineum front to back after voiding.

27. A 6-month-old boy is diagnosed with pyloric stenosis. When you take a health history from his mother, which symptom would you expect to hear her describe? A. Refusal to eat B. Vomiting about 2 hours after feeding C. Chronic diarrhea D. Vomiting immediately after feeding

D. Vomiting immediately after feeding

7. The major role of the endocrine system is to: A. regulate insulin. B. produce enzymes. C. absorb nutrients. D. secrete hormones.

D. secrete hormones.