Legalism, Daoism, Buddhism and Confucianism

What philosophy encouraged people to find an individual way to follow?

Daoism

How important were Confucianism, Daoism and Buddhism?

* Confucian standards remain significant in Chinese government and education *Daoism developed into a religion * these are the three major religions or ethical systems that have influenced Chinese life

Why did Daoism teach that each human had to find an individual way to follow in life?

*Lao-Tzu's believed that a universal force called the Dao, or the Way, guides all things. He believed that an individual way would help people relate to nature and each other and that social order would follow each person to finding his or her way.

What is the Eightfold Path?

A Buddhist belief that meditation, concentration, and prayer will improve one's life. By doing these things, one would have the right views, conduct, effort, focus and concentration, mindfulness, conduct, determination and resolve, and speech.

What are the Five Relationships?

According to Confucian belief, society would be stronger if people paid attention to relationships (including father and son, Emperor and people, family relationships, and personal relationships). If these relationships were strong, the society would be stronger.

What religion began in India and is based on the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama?

Buddhism

What religion entered China via the Silk Road?

Buddhism

What is Daoism?

Chinese belief system said to have begun with Lao-Tzu, a philosopher around 500 BCE based on the idea of natural order in the world

What major belief system believed that education was important?

Confucianism

What three religions or ethical systems have influenced Chinese life the most?

Confucianism, Daoism and Buddhism

What actions did Confucius believe would bring order to China?

Confucius believed that respect for elders would help create social order. Social order and good government should be based on five relationships. Education would improve the individual and society.

What is yin and yang?

It is a Taosim belief that humans are linked to heaven and Earth . These links are divided into opposites that must be in perfect balance .

What philosophy believed the human nature is wicked?

Legalism

the belief that a powerful, efficient government and a strict legal system are the keys to social order

Legalism

What group believed that agriculture and the military were the only worthy professions?

Legalists

What are the Four Noble Truths?

Sorrow and suffering are part of life. Man's desire for worldly goods causes suffering. This suffering would end if humanity stopped having cravings. People could end their sorrow and suffering by following the Eightfold Path.

What are the Analects?

These were a collection of Confucius' teachings.

What is collective liability?

This was the Legalist belief that if one member of a family was guilty of a crime, three related families would be punished as well.

What is the Mandate of Heaven?

This was the belief that the gods chose the emperor. If the gods were pleased, the empire would continue. If the gods were displeased, the people would overthrow the government.

Who was Qin Shi Huangdi?

a Chinese ruler who came to power in 221 BC and unified and expanded China by ending internal battles, conquered rival states and set up a Legalist government.

What is Confucianism?

a belief system based on the teachings of Confucius, a Chinese scholar

What is the term used in Confucianism meaning respect for parents?

filial piety

respect for one's parents and ancestors, an important teaching of Confucianism

filial piety

According to Lao-Tzu, what would lead to social order?

harmony with nature

philosophy

logical study of the basic truths about knowledge, values and the world

In Buddhism what is another name for the end of suffering and enlightenment?

nirvana

What is filial piety?

respect for one's parents and ancestors, an important teaching of Confucianism

According to Confucius, what was absolutely necessary for social order?

respect for others

What is legalism?

the belief that a powerful, efficient government and a strict legal system are the keys to social order

Why did Legalists believe the government should pass strict laws?

to control how people behaved and to run an efficient government