Liam Tvenstrup Academic Team Part 1
Serotonin
Which hormone's functions include mood, appetite, memory, sleep cycle, and sexual desires? This is also a neurotransmitter that works in the *brain*.
Rickets
this condition is the result of a deficiency of *Vitamin D*. Symptoms include *delayed growth, softening of bones, weakness, and pain in the spine, legs and pelvis*.
(Molecular) Oxygen
21% of the atmosphere on Earth. What gas is the second-most abundant gas in Earth's atmosphere?
Syncline
A downward fold in a rock is called this.
Systolic/Diastolic
A normal range blood pressure might be 120/72. What do the two numbers represent?
2 genotypes
A person with a Phenotype of A or B blood has how many genotypes?
1 genotype
A person with a phenotype of O or AB blood has how many genotypes?
Newtons
A physics concept whose formula is kilograms times meters per second squared.
Epinephrine
Also known as adrenaline, what hormone activates your "fight-or-flight" reponse?
Anticline
An upward fold in a rock is called this.
Guard Cells
Bean shaped cells that enclose an opening in the leaf
Nitrification
Biological oxidation of ammonia or ammonium to nitrite followed by the oxidation of nitrite into nitrate. This is an important step in the nitrogen cycle.
Propane
C3H8
Cellulose
C6H10O5
Glucose
C6H12O6
Acetic Acid
CH3COOH
Methane
CH4
Halogens
Chlorine, Fluorine, Iodine, Bromine, Astatine
CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons)
Considered to be the greatest threat to our ozone (O3) layer
Velocity
Distance over Time
Independent Variable
During the Experiment phase of the Scientific Method, this is the factor that a scientist changes (time, angle, etc.).
Dependent Variable
During the Experiment phase of the Scientific Method, this is the factor that a scientist measures (height, length, etc.).
Normal Force
Equal and Opposite to weight for any stationary object on a horizontal flat surface. Component force is the one that is always perpendicular to the surface.
Pyroclastic flow
Fast moving current of hot gas and volcanic matter, like ash. Up to 700mph.
Platyhelminthes
Flatworms are primitive animals with bilateral symmetry and rudimentary organs. To what phylum do flatworms belong?
Bose-Einstein Condensate
Group of atoms that are cooled down to a hair of absolute zero (-237.16 degrees Celsius). When cooled, they clump together and from a physical point of view, they look like a single atom. This is also known as the *fifth* state of matter. What is this called?
Sulfuric acid (battery acid)
H2SO4
Horizon C
Horizons are soil layers parallel to the surface. Which Horizon is *parent material* found?
60,000 to 100,000 years
How long do ice ages last?
2 chambers
How many chambers are in the heart of a fish?
4 chambers
How many chambers do Mammals and Birds have in their heart.
3 chambers
How many chambers do reptiles and amphibians have in their heart?
Spleen
Human Organ responsible for the destruction of old and damaged blood cells
Constant Speed
If a speed of an object does NOT change, then the object is traveling at a...
Ceres
Is considered to be the largest object within the main asteroid belt
Medulla Oblongata (Medulla)
Lobe of the brain is one of the smallest and most primitive. Area of the brain is located on the brain stem, and is responsible for regulating vital functions such as heart rate, breathing rate, swallow reflex, and vomiting reflex.
The First Law of Thermodynamics
More commonly known as the Law of the Conservation of Energy, this states that the total amount of energy within a closed system remains constant.
Ammonia
NH3
Plasma
Phase of matter was declared as the fourth state of matter, and exists predominantly in the sun, stars and in other interstellar space. This state of matter is when the atoms have their electrons stripped from them.
Torque
Physics concept is applied when you use a wrench to turn a bolt. What is this force, that creates a turning motion?
Rain Shadow Effect
Prevailing winds carry air toward the mountain range. As air rises over the mountain range, the air cools, water vapor condenses, and clouds form. On this side, or the windward side, precipitation will fall in the form of rain or snow. This dry air produces a rain shadow.
Conjugation
Process by which one bacterium transfers genetic materials to another through direct contact
Gametogenesis
Production of sperm and eggs, takes place during meiosis
Joule
SI unit of energy
Flagellum
Several Structures used for cellular movement
Gamma Rays
Shortest Wavelength
Silicon
Solar Cells, or Photovoltaic cells, are made of thin layers of this element. This is a metalloid.
Eutrophication
Stimulates an explosive growth of algae (algal blooms) that depletes the water of oxygen when the algae die and are eaten by bacteria.
Radiation
The ISS heats up greatly due to this on the side that is directly is facing the Sun.
Physics
The Scientific Branch that includes the String Theory, mechanics, thermodynamics, and quantum theory.
Concentration
The amount of one substance in a certain volume of another substance is called by this term. One might want to check their Orange Juice labels; it may be there.
EKG (strip)
The diagram pictured is a common diagnostic for human health. Also known as an *electrocardiogram*, what is this called?
wavelength
The distance between two consecutive troughs.
Radiowaves
The longest wavelength is called this.
Stomata
The opening made by the guard cells
Catastrophism
Theory that changes in Earth's crust during geological history have formed chiefly from sudden violent and unusual events (volcanos, asteroids, etc.).
Uniformitarianism
Theory that changes in the earth's crust during geological history have resulted from continuous and uniform processes
Dicots
These are a type of plants that have characteristics of the following: Branched leaf venation Two seed leaves Vascular bundles arranged in rings within stem
Springs
These are formed when the water table is close to the Earth's surface.
Echinoderms
These invertebrates are characterized by: Adults are radially symmetrical, larvae are bilaterally symmetrical They are covered in hard, spiny skin Include sea urchins, sea stars, and sand dollars.
Tides
These natural phenomena are caused by the interactions of the Earth, the Moon, and the Sun. We have spring and neap of these.
Synthetic (Elements)
These types of elements are ones that are not found on Earth, but are rather *man-made*. Examples are *Technetium*, *Nobelium*, and *Oganesson*.
Hertz
This SI unit equals one cycle per second. What is this unit, used to measure a wave's frequency?
Rachel Carson
This activist wrote Silent Spring, and was able to pass a nationwide ban on the insecticide DDT.
Peptidoglycan
This compound is what makes up a *bacteria's* cell wall.
Scurvy
This condition is the result of a deficiency in *Vitamin C*. Symptoms include *bruising, bleeding gums, weakness, fatigue, and rash*.
Anemia
This condition is the result of a deficiency of *Iron* or *blood loss*. Symptoms include *fatigue, shortness of breath, dizziness, and light headedness*.
Coriolis Effect
This effect is the result of Earth's rotation on weather patterns and ocean currents. It causes storms to swirl clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and caused storms to swirl *counterclockwise* in the Southern Hemisphere.
The Great Pacific Garbage Patch
This entity, whose size is greater than that of Texas, is composed of *sludge, small floating plastic, and other debris*. What is it called?
Jane Goodall
This famous person was known for her work with chimpanzees.
Diane Fossey
This famous woman was known for her work with gorillas.
Incandescent
This form of the Light Bulb is the original (or, for you sneakerheads, OG) light bulb, the one that Edison himself had found, what is this light bulb?
Magnitude
This is a measure of energy released in an earthquake; Richter Scale
Capsid
This is a protein shell that surrounds a virus's nucleic acid.
Dopamine
This is another neurotransmitter, but instead of working in the brain, this neurotransmitter works in the body, mostly in your motor neurons.
Nicolas Copernicus
This man first proposed the *heliocentric* model, where the sun is the center of the Solar System. However, the Church and the people strongly disliked this theory. Galileo Galilei proved the model.
Hypothesis
This part of the Scientific Method is a question or proposed explanation that was built on limited evidence but is a starting point for further explanation.
Brain Stem
This part of the brain is responsible for the functions of breathing, heartbeat, blood pressure, and other important life functions.
Cerebellum
This part of the brain is responsible for the functions of regulation of movement and balance.
Cerebrum
This part of the brain is responsible for the functions of speech, movement, emotions, etc.
Cornea
This part of the eye is associated with near-sightedness (myopia) and far-sightedness (hypermetropia). this is also the eye's transparent, bulging outermost layer.
Crucible
This piece of lab equipment is used to heat objects to very high temperatures. What is it called?
Lithosphere
This region are the plates that make up the crust and the upper part of the mantle.
Robert Hooke
This scientist coined the word "cell". Who is he?
Joseph Priestley
This scientist discovered oxygen. Who is he?
Grace Hopper
This scientist helped create the UNIVAC I, the first commercial computer and coined the word "bug" for an unexpected computer failure. Who is she?
Charles Goodyear
This scientist invented rubber vulcanization. Who is he?
Michael Faraday
This scientist invented the electric motor. who is he?
Keratin
Tough, fibrous protein that, in humans, is located in toenails, hair, and the outer layer of skin? Also, it can be found in mammalian *horns* (not tusks or antlers) and turtle shells.
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Transport and synthesis of *fats* throughout the cell
Daltons
Unified Atomic Mass Unit: A standard unit of mass that quantifies mass on an atomic or molecular scale. One uamu is approx. the mass of one nucleon (mass of one proton/neutron) and is numerically equivalent to 1 g/mol
Singularity
We know very little about this area because of its lack of accessibility. what is this gravitational center of a black hole, where space-time is infinitely distorted?
Insulin
What hormone regulates your metabolism of glucose?
Rhizome
What is a continuously growing horizontal underground stem that produces roots and shoots?
Nerve Net
What is the simplest form of Nervous System, found in jellyfish?
Bacillus (Bacteria)
What is this form of bacteria called?
Erlenmeyer Flask
What is this?
Stationary Front
When a warm air mass and a cool air mass meet and no movement has occurred, what type of front has occurred?
Occluded Front
When warm air is trapped between a cold air mass and a cool air mass, what type of front has occurred?
Ohm
What is the SI unit used to measure electrical resistance?