Lifespan Devel. chapter 5 quiz

height is especially variable among children of

African heritage because they are more genetically diverse

many children diets are deficient in

iron, zinc, and calcium

one reason some young children have frightening nightmares or sudden terrors

increased activity of the amygdala

each year from age 2-6, well nourished children add almost

3 inches in height and gain about 4 1/2 pounds in height

by age 2 a child's brain weighs _____% of what it will in adulthood

75%

the just-right phenomenon is normal in children under six but would be pathological for

adults

a tiny brain structure that registers emotions, particularly fear and anxiety

amygdala

a band of nerve fibers that connects the left and right sides of the brain

corpus callosum

a brain structure that is a central processor of memory, especially memory for locations

hippocampus

the underlying cause of impulsiveness and preservation

immaturity of the prefrontal cortex

when some children insist on eating certain foods prepared and presented in a certain way

just-right phenomenon

Literally, sidedness, referring to the specialization in certain functions by each side of the brain, with one side dominant for each activity.

lateralization

an environmental hazard that has been thoroughly researched

lead

parts of the brain that are crucial in the expression and regulation of emotion

limbic system

the ratio of weight to height is

lower at age 5 than at any other age in the entire lifespan

BMI

mody mass index

growth of the corpus callosum makes communication between the two brain hemispheres

more efficient

a fatty substance that speeds the transmission of nerve impulses from neuron to neuron

myelin

the primary reason for faster thinking is new and extensive

myelination

the process by which axons become coated with myelin

myelination

improves dexterity and advances fine motor skills which involve small body movements but they are still difficult to master

practice

in the 1970's it was proved that exposure to lead

reduces intelligence and increases behavior problems in young children

failure of the corpus callosum to develop normally results in

serious disorders and is one of many possible causes of autism

by age 2, extensive ________ and _________ of the dendrites has already taken place

sprouting and pruning

the corpus callosum of a left-handed person is often _______ than that of a right-handed person

thicker

tooth decay is the most common disease of

young children in developed nations