Long Bone
Periosteum
Anchors blood vessels and nerve to bone; membrane covering all bones; nourishes, repairs and helps protect the bone.
Periosteal Blood Vessel
Blood vessels that supply blood to periosteum.
Compact Bone
Dense and hard bone; makes up shafts of long bones and the outer surfaces of all bones.
Central Canal
In the center; blood vessels and nerves pass through this.
Proximal Epiphysis
Knobby end of the long bone; closest to the trunk
Distal Epiphysis
Knobby end of the long bone; farthest from the trunk.
Lamella
Layer of bone connective tissues; have collagen fibers = strengthens bones.
Endosteum
Layer of cells that line the inside of the bones; found in the medullary cavity.
Red Bone Marrow
Makes blood cells; also makes yellow marrow found in the marrow cavity.
Osteocyte
Mature bone cells that maintain bone matrix; located in lacunae around the central canal.
Epiphyseal Line
Plate of cartilage that separates the head of the from the shaft.
Perforating Canal
Run perpendicular to central canals and can connect multiple central canals; connects multiple osteons.
Canaliculus
Small canals that connect the lacunae and the central canal
Lacuna
Small spaces between bone matrix; where osteocytes can be found.
Spongy Bone
Sponge-like bone with marrow filled pores; found inside the ends of long bones.
Yellow Bone Marrow
Stores fat; made from red bone marrow, but can turn back if needed; found in shaft of long bones.
Medullar Cavity
Stores yellow bone marrow; central cavity of bone shafts inside the shaft; where the bone marrow is made.
Osteon
Structural unit of the compact bone; runs parallel to the shaft; has several components.
Diaphysis
The shaft of a long bone; between the two ends.