LSCM 4560 Exam 2
Driver turn-over represents a major issue for most carriers. The turn-over rate spiked in 2005, 2008, and 2012 hitting levels exceeding:
100 percent
The interstate highway system exceeds 45,000 miles. Although the interstate system represents only one percent of the US highway mileage, what proportion of the total volume does it represent?
20 percent
Motor carriers moved approximately what percent of the intercity ton-miles in the US (as reported in the Bureau of Transportation Statistics' Pocket Guide to Transportation)?
40 percent
Approximately how many for-hire motor carriers are registered with the US Department of Transportation?
400,000 to 600,000
How many class 1 railroads operate in the US?
7
The text authors suggest that motor carriers have a speed advantage for distances up to (but not to exceed):
800 miles
The largest LTL carrier in the United States is:
FedEx
Which of the following motor carriers move the least amount of freight (in tons)?
LTL
Hours of service (HOS) regulations:
Limit drivers to fourteen consecutive hours of on-duty time per day
In shipping, passengers and freight used to share the same vessel. However, since the 1950s, specialization in either area has occurred. Which of the following best explains why passenger and freight transport have become divergent activities?
Passengers and freight represent different market segments with very different demand
The Compliance, Safety, Accountability (CSA) program focuses on increasing motor carrier safety by:
Providing a system that captures violations and inspections to determine and compute a safety score for the carrier
The legislation largely deregulated the railroads
Staggers Act
Which act transferred economic rail regulation to the Surface Transportation Board?
The ICC termination act of 1995
During the 1965-2009 timeframe, the proportion of intercity ton-miles transported by motor carriers has steadily increased. We can attribute this growth to:
The increasing speed, reliability, and accessibilty of motor carriers
Domestic water carriers operating over the principle US rivers are likely to use which equipment?
barges
Public aid is given to water carriers in the form of waterway construction, development, and maintenance. How do the water carriers repay the government for the aid?
by paying user charges in the form of lock fees and fuel taxes
Railroads have an inherent advantage in
capability
You have been asked to develop a route for a single vehicle through a network of customers and then return to the distribution center. Which of the following techniques would you employ?
closest next
Railroads move more tonnage of the commodity than any other
coal
Domestic water carriers specialize in the movement of
commodities moved in bulk and large quantities
Which form of intermodal transportation represents the largest percentage of volume transported in the US?
containers
Motor carriers compete effectively with rail carriers
distances under 500 miles
This routing model considers whether multiple LTL or parcel shipments should occur on a frequent basis or whether these shipments should be combined into larger, LTL or TL shipments occurring less frequently.
freight consolidation model
The largest variable cost for railroads is
fuel
The operating ratio of railroads is typically
high 60s to mid 70s
Competition between motor carriers can be best characterized as:
intense
Intermodal competition for water carriers can be characterized as
intense competition
For a class 1 railroad, what is the major source of competition?
intermodal carriers
The single largest cost for operating a tractor trailer is:
labor
The intramodal competition for railroads can be characterized as
limited
The individual credited with launching the intermodal revolution in transportation was
malcolm mclean
Which of the following provides an example of a land bridge?
moving containers from Asia to Europe across America by rail
Which commodity accounts for the largest proportion of the tonnage moved by domestic water carriers?
petroleum
domestic water carriers primarily compete with which of the following modes?
rail and pipeline
This type of motor carrier terminal is necessitated by the maximum hours of service regulations imposed on drivers:
relay terminal
One approach used for routing vehicles begins with sending a vehicle to each location. Locations are combined into routes based on the ability to produce the greatest reduction in miles [or in some instances time] traveled. Routes continue to be combined based on the greatest reduction in mileage until the number of available trucks [vehicles] is reached. This heuristic is referred to as:
savings approach
Transportation consumes more petroleum than any other industry. As a result, carriers and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) have created a voluntary program focused on reducing carbon emissions. This program is:
smartway program
The trend in miles of track coverage operated by class 1 railroads has been
to gradually decrease over time
Vehicle routing problems may take several forms. This form involves shipping from multiple origins (plants) to multiple destinations (customers):
transshipment
Several principles apply to vehicle routing. One of these principles applies to truck size. The principle states "The most efficient routes are built:
using the largest trucks available
