M9 Inquizitive

(5,non-map) The post-World War II era saw a wave of colonial independence movements worldwide. Borrowing the language of the American Declaration of Independence in demanding the right to self-government, colonial peoples sought to separate from declining European imperial powers. Match each of the countries below to the imperial power from which they sought independence. IMPERIAL POWERS: Indochina (including Cambodia, Vietnam, and Laos) India and Pakistan the Philippines COUNTRIES: Britain France United States

Britain Correct label: India and Pakistan France Correct label: Indochina (including Cambodia, Vietnam, and Laos) United States Correct label: the Philippines

(20,non-map) The Rosenberg case remains the only time in U.S. history a couple was executed for conspiracy against the United States. Identify the statements that describe the trial and its consequences.

CORRECT: * At the time, the evidence was based on top-secret documents that could not be revealed. * The star witness, who was Ethel Rosenberg's brother, would later recant major portions of his testimony. * The judge in the trial blamed the couple for causing the Korean War. INCORRECT: x Most of the evidence implicated Ethel Rosenberg as the mastermind.

(12,non-map) Dixiecrats were southern Democrats who withdrew from the Democratic Party during the 1948 presidential election. Which of the following statements best describe Dixiecrats?

CORRECT: * Dixiecrats opposed civil rights legislation. * Dixiecrats felt that civil rights for all threatened freedom. * Dixiecrats favored improving economic cooperation between the United States and the Soviet Union. INCORRECT: x Dixiecrats wanted the U.S. armed forces desegregated.

(4,non-map) The Iron Curtain supposedly represented the ideological geographic divide between communist and capitalist peoples of Europe. Identify the "free" states that were located inside the communist "oppressed" region. Portugal Greece West Berlin Turkey

CORRECT: * Greece * Turkey * West Berlin INCORRECT: x Portugal

(18,non-map) What led to the political downfall of Joseph McCarthy's crusade against communists within the U.S. government?

CORRECT: * He accused the U.S. Army of harboring communists. INCORRECT: x He ordered the execution of Julius and Ethel Rosenberg. x In retaliation for her "declaration of conscience" speech, he accused Margaret Chase Smith of being a communist. x He accused government officials with no consideration of their political leanings.

(10,non-map) How did nonpolitical artists in the United States become weapons in the cultural Cold War?

CORRECT: * The CIA funded the Museum of Modern Art in New York. * Members of Congress labeled Jackson Pollack's "abstract expressionism" as un-American. INCORRECT: x The Museum of Modern Art in New York featured both Norman Rockwell's and Jackson Pollack's works simultaneously during the Cold War. x Painter Mark Rothko was an artist who fled the Soviet Union, bringing his exclusive "red" themed paintings with him to be displayed at the Museum of Modern Art.

(25,non-map) Analyze the map below. What does the map reveal about the Korean War? (a) The Inchon landing took place in the Sea of Japan. (b) The Chinese counteroffensive extended throughout North Korea and into South Korea. (c) North Korea advanced all the way through South Korea to the Korea Strait. (d) The UN offensive successfully occupied most of North Korea.

CORRECT: * The Chinese counteroffensive extended throughout North Korea and into South Korea. * The UN offensive successfully occupied most of North Korea. INCORRECT: x The Inchon landing took place in the Sea of Japan. x North Korea advanced all the way through South Korea to the Korea Strait.

(14,non-map) Postwar anxiety increased in 1949 after a series of startling events showcased that the Cold War could be just as intense as a "hot" war. Identify the events that occurred in 1949, causing the world to anticipate renewed military action. The Berlin airlift was declared a success. The Soviet Union tested its first atomic bomb. The United States, Canada, and ten western European nations pledged to mutually defend each other against any future attack by the Soviet Union. East and West Germany were reunified.

CORRECT: * The Soviet Union tested its first atomic bomb. * The United States, Canada, and ten western European nations pledged to mutually defend each other against any future attack by the Soviet Union. * The Berlin airlift was declared a success. INCORRECT: x East and West Germany were reunified.

(11,non-map) The Soviet Union and the United States claimed to provide all citizens with social and economic rights. Identify the statements that describe the reality of their citizens' rights during this time.

CORRECT: * The United States and the Soviet Union refused to accept outside interference in their internal affairs to support enforcement of the Declaration of Human Rights. * The United States and the Soviet Union adopted some, but not all, provisions of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. INCORRECT: x While the United States embraced and adhered to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in its entirety, the Soviet Union completely dismissed it. * The United States and the Soviet Union universally supported the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and allowed agents from outside their countries to monitor their progress.

(9,non-map) Senator Joseph McCarthy launched a crusade against the U.S. State Department with a list of 205 known communists all of whom were found guilty and eventually removed from their positions. (T/F)

False (the number of total communists kept changing and no single person was found guilty of genuine disloyalty)

(15, non-map) Place the following events in the geopolitical history of the Cold War in chronological order.

George Kennan composes the "Long Telegram" Joseph Stalin lifts the Berlin blockade the North Korean army invades South Korea Julius and Ethel Rosenberg are executed

(8,map) Use the information provided by the map of Cold War Europe to sort the following countries between communist and noncommunist nations. France East Germany West Germany Romania Hungary Italy

NONCOMMUNIST: * Italy * West Germany * France COMMUNIST: * Romania * Hungary * East Germany

(5,map) Analyze the map below. Which nations occupied Berlin after World War II?

Occupied Part of Berlin: * United States * France * Great Britain * Soviet Union Did Not Occupy Part of Berlin: x Poland x Denmark

(22,non-map) Congress struck a blow against organized labor with the passage of the 1947 Taft-Hartley Act. Which of the following were features of this legislation?

feature of the Taft-Hartley Act: - granted the president the ability to suspend strikes - forced union officials to swear that they were not communists - prohibited mandatory union membership in unionized workplaces

(21,non-map) The U.S. military under General Douglas MacArthur undertook an ambitious reconstruction program in occupied Japan. Identify the reforms implemented in Japan in the years following World War II.

reform implemented in Japan following World War II: Correct label: - the right to vote for women - renunciation of war and armed aggression not a reform implemented in Japan following World War II - dissolution of Japan's giant industrial corporations

(13,non-map) Post-World War II Europe was largely divided into zones of noncommunist influence (North American Treaty Organization [NATO] countries) and communist influence (Warsaw Pact countries). Some regions remained unaligned. Drag the appropriate label to identify the alliances of the countries highlighted on the map below, in the years following the Second World War.

unaligned country: - Spain and Sweden NATO country: - Italy and France Warsaw Pact country - Poland and Soviet Union

(2,map) Use the map below to place the events of the Korean War in chronological order.

1) North Korea's attack on noncommunist South Korea 2) Inchon Landing 3) advance of Allied troops toward China's border 4) China's entry into the war 5) stalemate near the 38th parallel

(23,non-map) Fill in the blanks to complete the statement describing the issue of racism in the mid-twentieth century. In 1947, the NAACP tried to get the_____to investigate racism in the United States as a violation of_____. It felt that if_____failed to function in a country like the United States, it would be weakened anywhere across the globe.

1) United Nations 2) human rights 3) democracy

(17,non-map) Fill in the blanks to complete the passage below describing how American civil rights groups transformed during the Cold War. Mainstream black organizations at first_____the Truman administration's loyalty program, and were frustrated by the assertion that communism was considered "un-American" while_____was not. Eventually, the Cold War caused a shift in thinking and tactics among civil rights groups. A few prominent black leaders, such as_____, became outspoken critics of the Cold War, while the majority felt forced to go along with the political and social changes of the era. OPTIONS: supported civil rights Jackie Robinson racism W. E. B. Du Bois war protested Margaret Chase Smith

1) protested 2) racism 3) W.E.B. Du Bois

(9,map) On the map of the Korean War below, select the Armistice Line of 1953.

* (Yellow Line)

(6,map) Select on the map the central European nations that remained neutral during the Cold War, by joining neither NATO nor the Warsaw Pact.

* SWITZERLAND * AUSTRIA

(7,map) Select on the map the political party whose success foreshadowed the political transformation that would shift southern states to the Republican Party later in the twentieth century.

* States' Rights Thurmond

(4,map) Select on the map the state where the Dixiecrat candidate won a single electoral vote.

* Tennessee (11 : 1)

(10,map) On the map of the Korean War below, select the line marking the farthest advance of North Korean troops.

* red line at the bottom right hand corner (of South Korea)

(7,non-map) Identify the statements that accurately describe the similar foreign policies of the United States, Great Britain, and the Soviet Union in relation to decolonization efforts after World War II. U.S. foreign policy encouraged and supported all repressed colonial peoples throughout the world to strive for political freedom. Economic interests were the most powerful driver of foreign policy for all three countries during the Cold War. The United States and Great Britain had mixed results with decolonization in their spheres of influence during the Cold War. The United States did not encourage repressed colonial peoples throughout the world to strive for political freedom.

CORRECT: * The United States did not encourage repressed colonial peoples throughout the world to strive for political freedom. * Economic interests were the most powerful driver of foreign policy for all three countries during the Cold War. * The United States and Great Britain had mixed results with decolonization in their spheres of influence during the Cold War. INCORRECT: x U.S. foreign policy encouraged and supported all repressed colonial peoples throughout the world to strive for political freedom.

(1,map) As the Cold War standoff between Russia and the western allies intensified, why was the Berlin airlift necessary?

CORRECT: * The city of Berlin was entirely inside occupied Germany's Soviet-controlled sector. * The Soviets shut down all land and waterway traffic between Berlin and western Germany. INCORRECT: x Berlin was already unified, while the rest of Germany remained divided. x At the end of the war, Germany had become a landlocked nation.

(19,non-map) Identify the ways in which the Cold War profoundly affected American life for a half-century.

CORRECT: * The military-industrial complex developed during World War II became permanent. * It expanded higher education and grew support for scientific research. INCORRECT: x The United States permanently cut back on money for weapons development and overseas bases. x It encouraged an American political culture of openness and honesty never before encountered in history.

(8,non-map) U.S. foreign policy encouraged and supported all repressed colonial peoples throughout the world to strive for political freedom. Truman's Doctrine and foreign policy reflects the point in which the United States assumed a permanent global responsibility. It began a long period of bipartisan support for the containment policy. It began a period of constant U.S. economic support of numerous attempts by eastern European nations to throw off totalitarianism. In order to protect American freedom, Truman encouraged American businesses and people to adopt isolation once again, calling for curtailing international trade and travel.

CORRECT: * Truman's Doctrine and foreign policy reflects the point in which the United States assumed a permanent global responsibility. * It began a long period of bipartisan support for the containment policy. INCORRECT: xIt began a period of constant U.S. economic support of numerous attempts by eastern European nations to throw off totalitarianism. * In order to protect American freedom, Truman encouraged American businesses and people to adopt isolation once again, calling for curtailing international trade and travel.

(6,non-map) During the Cold War hysteria that gripped American society in the 1950s, what were communist sympathizers prohibited from doing based on certain individual state laws? holding a driver's license fishing becoming professional wrestlers moving to the Soviet Union

CORRECT: * fishing * becoming professional wrestlers * holding a driver's license INCORRECT: x moving to the Soviet Union

(3,map) Review the textbook section on the 1948 presidential campaign, and analyze the map below. Which factors played a decisive role in the outcome of the presidential election of 1948?

CORRECT: * the votes of black voters, particularly in the North * the aggressive campaign tactics of the Democratic candidate INCORRECT: x the Dixiecrats' breaking from the Republican Party to form the States' Rights Party x a surprisingly successful Progressive Party led by a former vice president

(16,non-map) Oscar Handlin was a historian at Harvard who specialized in immigration history. The son of Russian-Jewish immigrants, Handlin argued passionately against the 1952 McCarran-Walter Act, which upheld the use of national origin quotas as the basis for restricting immigration to the United States. In the article below, identify the passage(s) in which Handlin describes the arguments made by some in support of the McCarran-Walter Act.

CORRECT: More recent defenders of the quota system, unwilling to endorse the open racism that gave it birth, have urged that the differentiations it establishes be regarded as cultural rather than racial. The South Italian or the Syrian, it is argued, is culturally less capable of adjusting to American life than the Englishman or the German

(1,non-map) Watch the following video featuring author Eric Foner. What was the Freedom Train, and how did it reflect the political and social concerns of the time? (a) It upheld segregation, as blacks and whites were not allowed to view the document collection at the same time. (b) It was a patriotic endeavor originally organized by the government. (c) It consisted of 133 American historical documents that traveled by train all over the country during a year and a half. (d) It demonstrated the shifting views of freedom as the government became suspicious of people who criticized the Freedom Train.

DESCRIBES THE FREEDOM TRAIN: * It was a patriotic endeavor originally organized by the government. * It consisted of 133 American historical documents that traveled by train all over the country during a year and a half. * It demonstrated the shifting views of freedom as the government became suspicious of people who criticized the Freedom Train. DOES NO DESCRIBE THE FREEDOM TRAIN: x It upheld segregation, as blacks and whites were not allowed to view the document collection at the same time.

(2,non-map) What kind of social resentments are evident in McCarthy's speech? (a) McCarthy resented people who lived in poverty—both in rural and urban regions—for damaging the image of the United States as a prosperous nation. (b) McCarthy resented poorly educated people, because it was un-American not to take advantage of free public schools. (c) McCarthy resented people who were part of the elite class, financially well off, and as a result, had access to top institutions in the country. (d) McCarthy resented all people who were not Christian, as they threatened to weaken the conservative values on which the country was founded.

c. McCarthy resented people who were part of the elite class, financially well off, and as a result, had access to top institutions in the country.

(24,non-map) Identify the statement that describes the impact of the McCarran-Walter Act of 1952. (a) Like other Cold War legislation, this act received widespread bipartisan support. (b) The act was designed to further reduce Asian immigration into the country. (c) The act authorized the government to deport American citizens born abroad. (d) The act extended the Chinese Exclusion Act again.

c. The act authorized the government to deport American citizens born abroad.

(3,non-map) What was Operation Dixie? (a) a campaign by labor unions to bring unionization to the South (b) the Truman administration's failed attempt to integrate public transportation in the South after World War II (c) an attempt to increase awareness of civil rights issues in the South (d) a plan to cause a shutdown of the entire economy to bring awareness to labor disputes

c. an attempt to increase awareness of civil rights issues in the South