Management 3120 - Chapter 2

Which approach to management relies upon research in psychology, sociology, anthropology, and economics in order to develop theories about human behavior that can be used to provide practical tools for managers? Multiple choice question. Behavioral science Management science Contingency viewpoint Industrial psychology

Behavioral science

Select all that apply What are Taylor's principles of scientific management? (Choose every correct answer.) Multiple select question. Identify a hierarchy of authority. Rely on known "rule-of-thumb" methods to accomplish a task. Carefully select workers with the right abilities for the task. Evaluate a task by scientifically studying each part of it.

Carefully select workers with the right abilities for the task. Evaluate a task by scientifically studying each part of it.

Select all that apply Which individuals helped pioneer administrative management theory? (Choose every correct answer.) Multiple select question. Frederick Taylor Frank Gilbreth Charles Clinton Spaulding Lillian Gilbreth Max Weber Henri Fayol

Charles Clinton Spaulding Max Weber Henri Fayol

_____ approaches to management include learning organizations, high-performance work practices, and sustainable development. Multiple choice question. Contemporary Behavioral Classical Historical

Contemporary

Which management viewpoint asks the question, "What method is the best to use under these particular circumstances?" Multiple choice question. Contingency Classical Administrative Behavioral

Contingency

Select all that apply Which of the following are the major parts of creating learning organizations? (Choose every correct answer.) Multiple select question. Create and acquire knowledge Restrict knowledge to top management Transfer knowledge Modify behavior to use knowledge

Create and acquire knowledge Transfer knowledge Modify behavior to use knowledge

Select all that apply What four disciplines are included in the behavioral science approach to management? Multiple select question. Economics Psychology Anthropology Accounting Physics Sociology

Economics Psychology Anthropology Sociology

Select all that apply What are primary concerns of shared value and sustainable development? (Choose every correct answer.) Multiple select question. Short-term profits Environmental effects Global equilibrium Social impacts

Environmental effects Global equilibrium Social impacts

Renata is using the systems perspective to analyze her company. Which of the following should be included in her input analysis? Multiple choice question. Management capabilities Equipment Feedback Employee satisfaction

Equipment

____ management encourages managers to make facts and logic the foundation of their approach to decision-making. Multiple choice question. Operations Evidence-based Behavioral Complexity

Evidence-based

Select all that apply What are the branches of quantitative management? (Choose every correct answer.) Multiple select question. Evidence-based management Administrative management Behavioral science Operations management

Evidence-based management Operations management

Select all that apply What are two types of outputs according to the systems viewpoint? Multiple select question. Raw materials Finished products Employee satisfaction Labor

Finished products Employee satisfaction

The _____ studies are credited with drawing attention to the importance of the social nature of workers and the need for good human relations in fostering employee productivity. Multiple choice question. Hawthorne Follett Gilbreth Munsterberg

Hawthorne

Select all that apply What are the contemporary approaches to management? (Choose every correct answer.) Multiple select question. Evidence-based management Learning organizations Scientific management High-performance practices Shared value and sustainable development

High-performance practices Learning organizations Shared value and sustainable development

Who is known as the "father of industrial psychology" because of his revolutionary ideas on studying human behavior in workplaces? Multiple choice question. Frank Gilbreth Henri Fayol Hugo Munsterberg Frederick W. Taylor

Hugo Munsterberg

Select all that apply Within the systems viewpoint, what four things are considered parts of a system? (Choose every correct answer.) Multiple select question. Modifying behavior Customization Inputs Feedback Outputs Transformational processes

Inputs Feedback Outputs Transformational processes

Select all that apply Which of the following statements are true about the classical perspective of management? (Choose every correct answer.) Multiple select question. It focused on employee job satisfaction and engagement. It emphasized finding ways to manage work more efficiently. It assumed that people were rational. It had two branches - scientific and administrative.

It emphasized finding ways to manage work more efficiently. It assumed that people were rational. It had two branches - scientific and administrative.

Which statement regarding a closed system is accurate? Multiple choice question. It is focused on profitability. It has little interaction with its environment. It receives significant feedback from outside sources. It emphasizes that a manager's style is based on his or her surroundings.

It has little interaction with its environment.

Select all that apply Which of the following are true about complexity theory? (Choose every correct answer.) Multiple select question. It is used in strategic management and organizational studies. It says that open systems have the potential of producing synergy. It recognizes that all complex systems are networks of many interdependent parts that interact according to certain simple rules. It is the idea that two or more forces combined create an effect that is greater than the sum of their individual effects. It is the study of how order and pattern arise from complicated, chaotic systems. It seeks to understand how organizations adapt to their environments.

It is used in strategic management and organizational studies. It recognizes that all complex systems are networks of many interdependent parts that interact according to certain simple rules. It is the study of how order and pattern arise from complicated, chaotic systems. It seeks to understand how organizations adapt to their environments.

Select all that apply What are issues with the classical viewpoint? (Choose every correct answer.) Multiple select question. It views humans as cogs in a machine. It is especially behavioral. It fails to account for the importance of human needs. It is too difficult to use and has fallen out of favor in modern times. It is overly mechanistic.

It views humans as cogs in a machine. It fails to account for the importance of human needs. It is overly mechanistic.

What is the major contribution of McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y to management? Multiple choice question. Managers should understand how their beliefs affect their behavior. Organizations should be structured to improve efficiency. Worker's physical movements should be considered when assigning tasks. Members of different departments should work together on projects.

Managers should understand how their beliefs affect their behavior.

Identify the two theorists who contributed the most to the human relations movement. Multiple select question. Mayo Maslow Follett McGregor

Maslow McGregor

Select all that apply According to the systems viewpoint, what are three types of inputs? Multiple select question. Money Technology Profit Feedback People Equipment

Money People Equipment

_____ management focuses on managing the production and delivery of an organization's products or services more effectively. Multiple choice question. Behavioral Human relations Operations Qualitative

Operations

The management approach of _____ was one of the first to recognize that enriching the lives of organizational and community family was just as important as a company making a profit? Multiple choice question. Gilbreth Taylor Spaulding Maslow

Spaulding

Select all that apply Select all of the positive features of bureaucracy according to Max Weber. (Choose every correct answer.) Multiple select question. Specialists for complex tasks Procedural ambiguity Strong personal connections Impersonality Merit-based careers Clear hierarchy Formal rules and procedures

Specialists for complex tasks Impersonality Merit-based careers Clear hierarchy Formal rules and procedures

What technique did Frank and Lillian Gilbreth use to expand on Taylor's motion studies? Multiple choice question. They created the just-in-time inventory system. They filmed workers to isolate parts of a job. They provided scripts for manager-employee conversations. They created logical supply chains for every industry.

They filmed workers to isolate parts of a job.

According to the Hawthorne effect hypothesized by Mayo and colleagues, when did employees work harder? (Choose every correct answer.) Multiple select question. They worked under proper lighting levels. They thought managers cared about their welfare. They believed supervisors paid special attention to them. They were given authority over their tasks. They received added attention.

They thought managers cared about their welfare. They believed supervisors paid special attention to them. They received added attention.

True or false: Frederick Taylor is associated with the scientific management approach to management. True false question. True False

True

Select all that apply Which of these statements represent ideas that Peter Drucker introduced in his book The Practice of Management? (Choose every correct answer.) Multiple select question. Charismatic leaders are more important than management practices Production costs are a component of sales Without customers, businesses wouldn't exist Employees should be treated as assets A corporation can be thought of as a human community

Without customers, businesses wouldn't exist Employees should be treated as assets A corporation can be thought of as a human community

A supervisor who considers employees to be irresponsible and resistant to change would be characterized as a Theory _______ manager. Multiple choice question. Y X Z

X

If you believe your employees are capable of taking on responsibility with sufficient self-direction and self-control, you are a Theory ___ manager. Multiple choice question. X Z Y

Y

Theory X and Theory Y focus on managers' Multiple choice question. logic attitudes education wealth

attitudes

McGregor developed Theory X and Theory Y based on the realization that managers should _____. Multiple choice question. be aware of their attitudes toward employees study the individual physical movements of a job resolve conflicts by talking over differences with employees work hard to be liked by their employees

be aware of their attitudes toward employees

The _____ viewpoint places emphasis on the importance of understanding the actions of humans and the motivation and encouragement of employees toward achievement? Multiple choice question. classical quantitative systems behavioral

behavioral

Theory X and Theory Y underscore the idea that manager behaviors are impacted by their _____. Multiple choice question. benefits beliefs salaries perks

beliefs

Max Weber said that a better-performing organization should have five positive _____ features including a clear hierarchy, formal procedures, clear division of labor, impersonality, and merit-based careers. Multiple choice question. managerial bureaucratic efficiency corporate

bureaucratic

A characteristic of a(n) _____ system is that it receives very little feedback from outside sources. Multiple choice question. closed open

closed

According to the ____ viewpoint, a management problem should be handled according to the individual and the environmental situation. Multiple choice question. humanistic contingency classical behavioral

contingency

Frederick Taylor believed that more efficient workers should be paid higher wages than their lower-performing coworkers, a system referred to as the _______ system. Multiple choice question. differential rate uniform wage rule-of-thumb economies of scale

differential rate

The original focus of the Hawthorne studies was the ______. Multiple choice question. relationship between increased attention and worker performance relationship between wage levels and employee performance effects of lighting levels on worker productivity effects of rest periods on worker productivity

effects of lighting levels on worker productivity

Maslow and McGregor focused on the study of ______ as it relates to increasing worker productivity. Multiple choice question. communities human relations mathematics physical movement

human relations

Scientific management is the study of work methods to improve the productivity of _____. Multiple choice question. accounting practices individual workers external vendors the supply chain

individual workers

According to the systems perspective, transformational processes are responsible for turning Multiple choice question. inputs into outputs. feedback into outputs. outputs into feedback. outputs into inputs.

inputs into outputs.

James has a small bakery specializing in gourmet brownies. Based on the systems viewpoint, the flour, sugar, yeast, and eggs he uses in baking would be considered _______, whereas the decorated brownies he sells to customers would be considered _______. Multiple choice question. open systems; closed systems inputs; outputs subsystems; systems feedback; transformational processes

inputs; outputs

A system is a set of _____ parts that operate together to achieve a common purpose. Multiple choice question. environmental organizational independent interrelated

interrelated

Select all that apply A learning organization: (Choose every correct answer.) Multiple select question. focuses on creating more efficient processes to manage labor costs is able to modify its behavior to reflect new knowledge actively creates, acquires, and transfers knowledge within itself is likely to have a bureaucratic structure

is able to modify its behavior to reflect new knowledge actively creates, acquires, and transfers knowledge within itself

The scientific approach to management emerged in the early 20th century when companies wished to increase worker productivity to counteract _____. Multiple choice question. more automated jobs labor shortages high inflation rates diminishing inventory levels

labor shortages

Theory X managers view workers as Multiple choice question. lacking ambition creative imaginative self-directed

lacking ambition

Select all that apply According to Henri Fayol, what are the major functions of management? (Choose every correct answer.) Multiple select question. leading supervising responding controlling organizing planning

leading controlling organizing planning

A _______ organization actively creates, acquires, and transfers knowledge within itself and is able to modify its behavior to reflect new knowledge. Multiple choice question. production closed learning contingent

learning

In order to build a _____ organization, managers must build a commitment to acquiring knowledge, transferring knowledge, and modifying behavior. Multiple choice question. profitable generalized learning

learning

Today, the word bureaucracy is associated with inflexibility. But to Max Weber, a bureaucracy was an efficient and ideal organization based on principles of _____. Multiple choice question. logic aristocracy impersonality science

logic

The classical viewpoint of management emphasizes ways to ______. Multiple choice question. achieve economies of scale manage work more efficiently enhance employee relations foster first-mover advantage

manage work more efficiently

The classical viewpoint of management emphasizes ways to ______. Multiple choice question. foster first-mover advantage achieve economies of scale manage work more efficiently enhance employee relations

manage work more efficiently

Peter Drucker is credited with providing the first modern handbook on the subject of ______. Multiple choice question. sales production management finance

management

Operations management focuses on _____. Multiple choice question. the study of human behavior in workplaces scientific research for developing theories about human behavior that can be used to provide practical tools for managers using mathematics to aid in problem-solving and decision-making managing the production and delivery of an organization's products or services more effectively

managing the production and delivery of an organization's products or services more effectively

One issue with the classical viewpoint is that it tends to view humans as cogs in a machine, thereby rendering it overly _____. Multiple choice question. sociological compassionate amenable mechanistic

mechanistic

Charles Clinton Spaulding, one of the pioneering theorists of administrative management, proposed eight _____ of management based in part on his childhood experiences working at his father's fields. Multiple choice question. considerations fundamentals foundations necessities

necessities

Systems that have continual interaction with their environment are known as _____ systems. Multiple choice question. closed open

open

In terms of the systems viewpoint, profits and losses are types of _______. Multiple choice question. inputs feedback outputs subsystems

outputs

The field of industrial ______ (the study of human behavior in the workplace) is based on Hugo Munsterberg's theories. Multiple choice question. kinesiology physiology psychology biology

psychology

The four parts of a system include all of the following EXCEPT ______. Multiple choice question. feedback outputs quality inputs

quality

The application of quantitative techniques, such as statistics and computer simulations, to management is called _____ management. Multiple choice question. scientific qualitative quantitative data

quantitative

Frank and Lillian Gilbreth's personal life helped them develop ideas about improving efficiency because they Multiple choice question. raised 12 children. married during the Great Depression. lived in a rural area without electricity. ran two of the largest corporations in America.

raised 12 children.

As a pioneer of administrative management, Max Weber contended that bureaucracies were Multiple choice question. inefficient. complacent. rational. inflexible.

rational.

Evidence-based management focuses on bringing _____ to the decision process. Multiple choice question. rationality control systems assurance

rationality

The third and fourth principles of _____ suggest that organizations should give workers the training and incentives to do their tasks properly, and should use scientific principles to plan work methods and ease the way for workers to do their jobs. Multiple choice question. enhanced productivity the historical perspective scientific management administrative management

scientific management

Select all that apply Theory Y managers view workers as which of the following? (Choose every correct answer.) Multiple select question. self-directed lacking ambition accepting of responsibility resistant to change imaginative and creative

self-directed accepting of responsibility imaginative and creative

The Hawthorne studies are credited with drawing attention to the importance of people as _____. Multiple choice question. social beings facilitators rule followers scientists

social beings

An open system fosters the idea that two or more forces combined create an effect that is greater than the sum of their individual effects. This is known as _____. Multiple choice question. contingency profitability complexity synergy

synergy

A set of interrelated parts that operate together to achieve a common purpose is called a(n) _____. Multiple choice question. team operation system contingency

system

Henri Fayol is credited with being the first person to ______ management behavior. Multiple choice question. investigate systematize replace discourage

systematize

Multiple Choice Question Complexity theory is an offshoot of the _____ viewpoint because it is the study of how multiple chaotic processes arise into pattern and order. Multiple choice question. behavioral human relations scientific systems

systems

The behavioral management viewpoint emphasized Multiple choice question. processes that would make work as efficient as possible impersonality in relationships between workers administrative hierarchies that allowed for maximum worker control the importance of understanding human behavior and motivating employees to achieve

the importance of understanding human behavior and motivating employees to achieve

Administrative management is concerned with managing ________. Multiple choice question. external vendors the total organization company assets individual workers

the total organization

According to the systems viewpoint, the part of a system that involves turning raw materials and knowledge into a new and different product or service is called _____. Multiple choice question. outputs inputs transformational processes product and service feedback

transformational processes