Management Exam 2

When a manager leaves his or her job to accept a job at another organization, the organization left behind is experiencing:

turnover.

_____ exists when activities flow both ways between units.

Reciprocal interdependence

____ is the conversion process used by an organization to transform inputs into outputs.

Technology

Consumer tastes and preferences are _____ forces that influence an organization's product line

external

OSHA inspectors ruled that conditions in a production facility were hazardous and ordered the plant shut down until the company made required changes and passed a reinspection. This is an example of a(n) _____ force for change.

external

According to the job characteristics approach, increasing the presence of the five dimensions it identifies will lead to all of the following EXCEPT

higher turnover.

The _____ design is based on two overlapping bases of departmentalization.

matrix

A change in reporting relationships within an organization is an example of change in the area of

organization structure.

Individual behavior that makes a positive overall contribution to an organization is called

organizational citizenship.

Making a change to the skill level of the workforce is an example of organizational change in the area of

people.

The extent to which the contributions made by an individual match the inducements offered by an organization is called

person-job fit.

Lucy's work is above average as far as quality and quantity of production goes; however, she refuses to do anything beyond the strict performance of her required job tasks. This is an example of

poor organizational citizenship.

The radical redesign of all aspects of an organization in order to achieve major gains in cost reduction, service delivery, or reduction in order-processing time is known as

reengineering.

The process of screening out information we are uncomfortable with or that contradicts our beliefs is called

selective perception.

In _____, the output of one unit becomes the input for another in a serial fashion.

sequential interdependence

In the reengineering process, the first step involves

setting goals and developing a strategy.

The _____ view of organizational design assumes that the optimal design for an organization depends on a set of relevant factors, including technology, environment, size, and organizational life cycle.

situational

Durban Cafe takes one order at a time and customizes the coffee as per the customer's requirement. The cafe uses _____ technology.

small-batch

An advantage of using the functional departmentalization approach is that

supervision is facilitated because an individual manager needs to be familiar with only a small set of skills.

A(n) _____ innovation is a change in the appearance or performance of a product or service or of the physical processes through which a product or service is manufactured.

technical

When a company changes its work processes, the change is in the area of

technology and operations.

When organizational change involves planned alteration of work sequence or work activities, the change primarily occurs in the area of

technology and operations.

Organizational size is defined as

the total number of full-time or full-time-equivalent employees in an organization

Theresa gets her energy from solitude, prefers detail-oriented concrete projects, and bases her decisions on logical reasoning. Based on the Myers-Briggs framework, Theresa can be differentiated as a(n)

thinker.

When the top management at Venus Corp. sought to change the organization design, form more work teams, and decrease the managers' span of management, it met with great resistance from the managers. This was because the managers feared that their power within the company would decrease. The managers' reaction to change was brought about by

threatened self-interests.

When a manager leaves his or her job to accept a job at another organization, the organization left behind is experiencing:

turnover

The _____ of an organizational life cycle is characterized by growth and the expansion of organizational resources.

youth

____ is power that has been legitimized by the organization.

Authority

_____ is an individual's power to think intelligently and to analyze situations and data effectively.

Cognitive ability

_____ is the extent to which the same person behaves in the same way at different times.

Consistency

At Supertech Inc., a technology company, employees are given more authority and are allowed to make their own decisions. Supertech operates in a business environment that is not predictable. The middle managers, supervisors, and employees have a degree of autonomy and are encouraged to make decisions. Which of the following concepts is illustrated in the scenario?

Decentralization

_____ is the process by which a manager assigns a portion of his or her total workload to others.

Delegation

_____ activities are aimed at analyzing the current condition of an organization; this approach involves using questionnaires, opinion surveys, interviews, archival data, and meetings to assess the various characteristics of the organization.

Diagnostic

Which of the following is one of the characteristics of Weber's bureaucracy?

Distinct division of labor

_____ is the last step in the change process

Evaluation and follow-up

_____ is the degree to which the various subunits must work together in a coordinated fashion.

Integration

_____ involves systematically moving employees from one job to another.

Job rotation

An organization that doesn't have the time, money, or manpower to pursue a creative new idea may be unable to innovate for what reason?

Lack of resources

_____ is change that is designed and implemented in an orderly and timely fashion in anticipation of future events.

Planned change

Moira is a manager in the R&D department at NuvoTech. She is expected to take chances and is seen as a catalyst for innovation. Moira demonstrates the traits of someone who would rank high on what characteristic?

Risk propensity

____ is a person's beliefs about his or her capabilities to perform a task.

Self-efficacy

A person's ability to get along with others in an organization is known as

agreeableness.

Complexes of beliefs and feelings that people have about specific ideas, situations, or other people are known as

attitudes.

Pete, a manager, embraces the job characteristics approach. Pete thinks that when his employees have more control over how their work is performed, they do better. Which characteristic is Pete emphasizing?

autonomy

According to the results of a classic study, employee participation

increases productivity and satisfaction.

In return for what the employee gives, the organization provides _____ to the individual employee.

inducements

Substantive modification to some part of an organization is known as organization

change.

An organization might use _____ to generate profiles of its current activities in order to identify areas in need of correction.

diagnostic activities

Job _____ was developed as a limited approach specifically intended to increase the total number of tasks workers perform. As a result, all workers perform a wide variety of tasks, which presumably reduces the level of job dissatisfaction.

enlargement

Job _____ attempts to increase both the number of tasks a worker does and the control the worker has over the job.

enrichment