Management test chapters 3 and 5

Which of the following refers to the code of moral principles and values that govern behaviors with respect to what is right and wrong? Select one: a. Free domain b. Social responsibility c. Discretionary responsibility d. Codified law e. Ethics

E. Ethics

All stakeholders of an organization are its stockholders but not all stockholders are its stakeholders. Select one: True False

False

Cultural values in organizations are rarely observed, but are rather deeply embedded to the extent that members are not consciously aware of them. Select one: True False

False

Current employees, management, customers and especially corporate culture are part of an organization's internal environment. Select one: True False

False

Customers and competitors are two important sectors of the economic dimension of a firm's general environment. Select one: True False

False

Economic responsibility defines what society deems as important with respect to appropriate corporate behavior. Select one: True False

False

Ethical behavior occurs when decisions enable an individual or company to gain at the expense of society. Select one: True False

False

Individualism is popular in the highly organized society of today because it supports immediate self-gain. Select one: True False

False

Organizational culture can be defined as the ability to speak different languages. Select one: True False

False

The ethical concept that acts are moral when they promote the individual's best long term interests, which ultimately leads to the greater good, is known as the moral rights approach. Select one: True False

False

The ethical concept that argues that moral behaviors produce the greatest good for the greatest number of people is objective dualism. Select one: True False

False

The task environmental dimension includes all elements that occur naturally on earth, including plants, animals, rocks, and natural resources such as air, water, and climate. Select one: True False

False

The virtue ethics approach to ethical decision making sidesteps debates about what is right, good, or just and bases decisions on prevailing standards of the profession and the larger society, taking the interests of all stakeholders into account. Select one: True False

False

Utilitarian, individualism, moral-rights, and objective dualism are the four approaches that guide ethical decision-making. Select one: True False

False

A formal statement of the organization's values regarding moral principles and governing its response to social values is called a code of ethics. Select one: True False

True

A stakeholder is any group within or outside the organization that has a stake in the organization's performance. Select one: True False

True

Competitive intelligence professionals are really just in-house snoops who obtain information about other companies. Select one: True False

True

Customers are the people and organizations in the environment who acquire goods or services from the organization. Select one: True False

True

Economic development that generates wealth and meets the needs of the current population while preserving the environment for the needs of future generations refers to sustainability. Select one: True False

True

Economic, legal, ethical, and discretionary responsibilities are the four areas of social responsibility which can be used to evaluate corporate social performance. Select one: True False

True

Important stakeholders in corporations include the government and the community. Select one: True False

True

Managers who are essentially ethical individuals make up the first pillar of an ethical organization. Select one: True False

True

More organizations are requiring all employees to perform boundary-spanning because environmental shifts can happen quickly. Select one: True False

True

Physical symbols are associated with the surface level of organizational culture. Select one: True False

True

Policy-based statements generally outline the procedure to be used in specific ethical situations. Select one: True False

True

Principle-based statements define fundamental values and contain general language about company responsibilities, quality of products, and treatment of employees. Select one: True False

True

Social responsibility is management's obligation to make choices and take actions that will contribute to the welfare and interests of society as well as the organization. Select one: True False

True

Special interest groups include trade associations, political action committees and consumerists. Select one: True False

True

The disclosure by an employee of illegal, immoral, or illegitimate practices by the organization is called whistle-blowing. Select one: True False

True

The labor market is made up by people in the environment who can be hired to work for an organization. Select one: True False

True

The right of free consent, the right to privacy, and the right of freedom of conscience are rights that should be considered in the moral rights approach. Select one: True False

True

The sociocultural dimension of the general environment includes societal norms and values. Select one: True False

True

The virtue ethics approach to ethical decision making says that moral behavior stems from personal virtues. Select one: True False

True

Which of these is NOT a part of an organization's general environment? Select one: a. Competitors b. Sociocultural c. Legal-political d. Technological e. Economic

a. Competitors

The assumption that "If it's not illegal, it must be ethical," ignores which of the following? Select one: a. Domain of ethics b. Domain of free choice c. Domain of codified law d. Discretionary responsibility e. Domain of symbolism

a. Domain of ethics

A figure who exemplifies the deeds, character, and attributes of a corporate culture is referred to as a: Select one: a. hero. b. stories. c. slogan. d. culture. e. symbol.

a. Hero

The ____ of the external environment represents events originating in foreign countries as well as opportunities for American companies in other countries. a. International dimension b. U.S. dimension c. Global dimension d. Japan's dimension e. National dimension

a. International dimension

Which approach is the ethical concept that moral behaviors produce the greatest good for the greatest number? Select one: a. Utilitarian b. Individualism c. Justice d. Defensive e. Moral-rights

a. Utilitarian

Any group within or outside the organization that has a stake in the organization's performance is called: Select one: a. a stakeholder. b. an international customer. c. a trade association. d. a supplier. e. OPEC.

a. a stakeholder.

When two or more organizations combine to become one, it is referred to as a Select one: a. merger. b. mechanistic structure. c. inorganic venture. d. joint venture. e. flexible structure.

a. merger.

An object, act, or event that conveys meaning to others is referred to as a Select one: a. symbol. b. hero. c. culture. d. slogan. e. story.

a. symbol.

Which of the following concepts argues that organizations can find innovative ways to create wealth at the same time they are preserving natural resources? Select one: a. Conservation b. Sustainability c. Protectionism d. Preservation e. Environmentalism

b. Sustainability

A situation that arises when all alternative choices or behaviors have been deemed undesirable because of the potentially negative ethical consequences, making it difficult to distinguish right from wrong, is considered: Select one: a. a social responsibility. b. an ethical dilemma. c. a moral agent. d. an ethical standard. e. discretionary responsibility.

b. an ethical dilemma.

The concept that the party responsible should compensate individuals for the cost of their injuries is referred to as: Select one: a. procedural justice. b. compensatory justice. c. organizational justice. d. injury justice. e. distributive justice.

b. compensatory justice.

Most of the laws guiding human resource management are based on the: Select one: a. moral-rights approach. b. justice approach. c. collectivism approach. d. utilitarian approach. e. individualism approach.

b. justice approach.

Human beings have fundamental rights and liberties that cannot be taken away by another individual's decision. This ethical decision making approach is known as the: Select one: a. utilitarian approach. b. moral-rights approach. c. individualism approach. d. none of these. e. dualism approach.

b. moral-rights approach.

A _____ represents a phrase or sentence that succinctly expresses a key corporate value. Select one: a. stories b. slogan c. culture d. hero e. symbol

b. slogan

Which of the following is NOT one of the components of the organization's general environment? Select one: a. Economic b. International c. Customers d. Legal/Political e. Natural

c. Customers

_____ refers to the concept that different treatment of people should not be based on arbitrary characteristics. Select one: a. Moral-justice b. Compensatory justice c. Distributive justice d. Procedural justice e. Organizational justice

c. Distributive justice

An organization's decision to produce a new product is in the: Select one: a. domain of ethics. b. domain of social responsibility. c. domain of free choice. d. domain of codified law. e. domain of compensatory justice.

c. domain of free choice.

The general environment dimension that includes consumer purchasing power, the unemployment rate, and interest rates is called the Select one: a. legal-political dimension. b. technological dimension. c. economic dimension. d. sociocultural dimension. e. task dimension.

c. economic dimension.

The _____ refers to the ethical concept that moral decisions are those that best maintain the rights of those people affected by them. Select one: a. justice approach b. utilitarian approach c. moral-rights approach d. discretionary responsibility approach e. individualism approach

c. moral-rights approach

Which of the following is NOT a part of adapting the organization to changes in the environment for coping with high environmental uncertainty? Select one: a. Mergers/joint ventures b. Interorganizational partnerships c. Boundary-spanning roles d. Advertising/public relations

d. Advertising/public relations

According to the book's model for judging corporate social performance, social responsibility is divided into what into four sections? Select one: a. Legal, mandatory, economic, and ethical b. None of these c. Mandatory, technical, discretionary, and economic d. Discretionary, legal, economic, and ethical e. Ethical, legal, technical, and rational

d. Discretionary, legal, economic, and ethical

Which of these employee behaviors matches with the postconventional level of personal moral development? Select one: a. Autocratic b. Act in own interest c. Work group collaboration d. Empowered employees, full participation e. Task accomplishment

d. Empowered employees, full participation

Which dimension of the general environment represents the demographic characteristics, norms, customs, and values of the population within which the organization operates? Select one: a. Economic dimension b. Technological dimension c. Legal-political dimension d. Sociocultural dimension e. Corporate culture dimension

d. Sociocultural dimension

Examples of unethical behavior toward _____ include a hostile work environment and violations of health and safety rules. Select one: a. society b. suppliers c. customers d. employees e. financiers

d. employees

The consistency culture has a(n) ____ focus and an orientation for a ____ environment. Select one: a. structural; dynamic b. internal; dynamic c. external; dynamic d. internal; stable e. external; stable

d. internal; stable

The internal environment within which managers work includes all of the following except _____. Select one: a. corporate culture b. production technology c. organization structure d. labor market e. physical facilities

d. labor market

The ____ dimension of the general environment includes federal, state, and local government regulations. Select one: a. international b. economic c. technological d. legal-political e. sociocultural

d. legal-political

The relationship between social responsibility and financial performance has been shown to be _____. Select one: a. a reflection of top leadership b. not important c. negative d. positive e. non-existent

d. positive

Robbie's Robots decided to continue operations at one plant while shutting down another. The decision was justified on the basis of what was best for the total corporation. This is an example of the Select one: a. moral-justice approach. b. individualism approach. c. illegal approach. d. utilitarian approach. e. justice approach.

d. utilitarian approach.

Most people have learned to conform to expectations of good behavior expected by colleagues, family, friends, and society. They are in what stage of moral development? Select one: a. Principled b. Discretionary c. Traditional d. Preconventional e. Conventional

e. Conventional

For Southwest Airlines, all of the following can be suppliers EXCEPT Select one: a. Citibank (providing finances). b. Boeing (providing planes). c. Exxon (providing jet fuel). d. All of these are suppliers for Southwest Airlines. e. Delta Airlines (providing competition).

e. Delta Airlines (providing competition).

All of these are a part of an organization's task environment EXCEPT Select one: a. Competitors b. Labor markets c. Suppliers d. Customers e. Employers

e. Employers

Three large electronics companies have recently collaborated to develop an innovative new cell phone. This is an example of which managerial trend? Select one: a. Outsourcing b. Boundary spanning c. Adversarial orientation d. Merger e. Interorganizational partnership

e. Interorganizational partnership

In response to pressure from environmental advocates, organizations have become increasingly sensitive to diminishing: Select one: a. Technology resources b. Human resources c. Economic resources d. Financial resources e. Natural resources

e. Natural resources

Primary stakeholders of an organization include: Select one: a. employees. b. suppliers. c. investors and shareholders. d. customers. e. all of these.

e. all of these.

Symbols, stories, and heroes are important because they: Select one: a. acquaint customers to the organization. b. give employees something to talk about. c. entertain executive level management. d. address the concerns of government. e. communicate the significant values of an organization.

e. communicate the significant values of an organization.

The involvement culture has a(n) ____ focus on the involvement and participation of employees to rapidly meet changing needs from the environment. Select one: a. external b. competitive c. technological d. structural e. internal

e. internal