Managerial Leadership | Chapter 12 Test Bank
The leader-centric orientation of our world is considered ______. A. a strength of followership studies B. a weakness of followership studies C. irrelevant to followership studies D. important only in non-Western contexts
a weakness of followership studies
Joshua is a member of a local nonprofit organization that works to beautify the community. He often has excuses for not coming to events and when he does come, he keeps to himself and complains to others around him about how he has a better way of doing things. According to Kelley's followership typology, Joshua can best be described as ______. A. alienated B. exemplary C. pragmatic D. conformist
alienated
Training and development programs in followership are ______. A. widely available in the consulting industry B. currently more popular than leadership training programs C. all based on the work of Barbara Kellerman D. are not popular programs currently but are predicted to become more important
are not popular programs currently but are predicted to become more important
Zaleznik assumed that followers behaved in certain ways based on their responses to inner and sometimes unconscious tensions involving ______. A. moral development B. authority C. peers D. personal values
authority
When applied to organizational life, knowledge about followership can help leaders by viewing each follower uniquely and adjusting the leadership style accordingly. Put this way, studies of followership are closely aligned with all of the following leadership theories except ______. A. transformational leadership B. leader-member exchange C. behavioral approach D. adaptive leadership
behavioral approach
A theory of followership discussed in the textbook explicitly includes which of the following elements in the model? A. situations, tasks, and relationships B. characteristics, behaviors, and outcomes C. skills, culture, and ethics D. context, interactions, and support
characteristics, behaviors, and outcomes
Studying followership helps to ______ our understanding of leadership. A. negate B. complete C. reverse D. simplify
complete
A recent conceptualization of followership proposed by Uhl-Bein and colleagues suggests that followership is a process that includes how followers and leaders interact to ______ leadership and its outcomes A. accomplish B. study C. explain D. construct
construct
According to Chaleff, followers need to have the ______ to support and to challenge the leader. A. skills B. intelligence C. critical mass D. courage
courage
Juanita is deeply committed to the conservation of natural resources. She currently works for a national organization whose executive director is recommending to its 50,000 members that they bargain with lawmakers by agreeing to allow development on a very small protected forest area in Vermont in order to save their political resources to fight harder for the protection of a major national park in Colorado. Juanita disagrees with her executive director's strategy and rallies a few of the extreme members to camp out in the Vermont forest for days on end as a show of protest. Juanita is what Kellerman would call a ______ follower. A. bystander B. participant C. diehard D. activist
diehard
In Zaleznik's typology of followers, follower behaviors can be charted along which two scales? A. dominant-submissive and active-passive B. competent-incompetent and committed-uncommitted C. task-technical and relationship-adaptive D. critical-uncritical and supportive-unsupportive
dominant-submissive and active-passive
Which of the following is not one of the four constructs proposed in Uhl-Bein's theory of followership? A. followership characteristics B. leader characteristics C. environmental context D. followership outcomes
environmental context
Lulu has recently been hired to lead the communications division of a regional bank. She calls a meeting of her management team and tells them about her leadership style. She describes how much she really values relationships and co-workers who are highly engaged, who bring a positive attitude, and who are not afraid to offer her new ideas and constructive criticisms. Using Kelley's typology, Lulu is asking her managers to be ______. A. diehard followers B. impulsive followers C. exemplary followers D. alienated followers
exemplary followers
Brandon is a volunteer leader on his church's human relations committee which is charged to oversee staff job performance. Over the past year, Brandon has watched the senior pastor make selfish decisions, spread ill-will about the music leaders, and demand that education groups read only certain books. Brandon is very uncomfortable with the pastor's behaviors, but when it comes time for his committee to submit an annual evaluation of the senior pastor, Brandon gives the pastor a glowing report. Brandon is likely falling prey to which psychological factor that make him susceptible to dysfunctional leadership? A. fear of ethical backlash B. fear of ostracism and social death C. need to feel chosen D. need for security
fear of ostracism and social death
Jacki works as a corporate engagement specialist at an exclusive art gallery. She reports to Sean, the executive director who is a renowned artist and well-recognized in the community. For years, Sean been sexually harassing the women who work at the gallery. Jacki has suffered the treatment for a long time while promoting the gallery and increasing its funding. One day Sean's behavior goes beyond what Jacki can handle so, despite how uncomfortable she is with the risk, she reports him to the board. Jacki is overcoming which psychological factor that makes people susceptible to dysfunctional leaders? A. fear of powerlessness B. need to feel chosen C. need for certainty D. fear of conformity
fear of powerlessness
Which of the following is most accurate about followers? A. followers can play a harmful role in organizations B. organizational harm is always the result of leader actions C. by definition, followers cannot defy leaders D. followership is an amoral concept
followers can play a harmful role in organizations
Before Damon became a high school science teacher this year, he operated a large landscaping company. The school board was about to spend several thousand dollars for a new type of grass to be planted in an athletic field. Damon approached the chairperson of the school board and told her about the limitations of the recommended grass type and explained how the investment would be unwise. Damon was embodying which of Carsten and colleagues' perspective on followers? A. followers get the job done B. followers support the leader C. followers challenge leaders D. followers learn from leaders
followers challenge leaders
Followers will oftentimes become passive and inactive around toxic leaders because ______. A. followers in a toxic leader situation are simply waiting for the right time to take over B. the majority of all followers are bystanders according to Kellerman C. followers fear losing their security and sense of community with the group D. most followers are not energetic by definition
followers fear losing their security and sense of community with the group
An awards committee contacted Robin, the head coach of a collegiate sports team, to let her know she had been selected for a top honor due to the winning record her team posted this season. Robin told the committee she was uncomfortable accepting the award and instead asked if her whole team could be awarded the honor instead. Robin deeply understands which of Carsten and colleagues' perspectives on followers? A. followers get the job done B. followers challenge leaders C. followers support the leader D. followers expose the truth
followers get the job done
Marcia must complete a management trainee program at the financial company at which she was just hired. As part of the 18 week program, she shadows Ming who is an experienced project manager. Although Marcia is not directly responsible for the workload, she is inspired by Ming's style. Marcia is experiencing which benefit of being a follower, according to Carsten and colleagues? A. followers first prove their worth B. followers challenge leaders C. followers support leaders D. followers learn from leaders
followers learn from leaders
You are in a staff meeting when your boss mentions an idea he's been thinking about for a while. You love his idea and feel it would benefit the organization. So you are the first staff member speak up and agree with the boss's strategy. You are demonstrating which of Carsten and colleagues' perspective on followers? A. followers get the job done B. followers support the leader C. followers challenge leaders D. followers band together
followers support the leader
In the relational-based approach to followership ______. A. followership is explained by roles people tend to play B. followership is tied to interpersonal behaviors C. followership is only relevant to in-group members D. followership is defined through the eyes of the leader
followership is tied to interpersonal behaviors
Which of the following is the best synopsis of the leadership co-created process model? A. leaders co-opt the work of followers and highlight it for themselves B. situations create the opportunities for leaders to emerge and then followers come along C. leader characteristics attract certain follower motivations which produce results D. following and leading behaviors interact to create leadership which produces outcomes
following and leading behaviors interact to create leadership which produces outcomes
Lipman-Bluman argues that unhealthy followership is caused by subordinates' needs to feel all of the following except ______. A. safe B. unique C. goal-driven D. a sense of community
goal-driven
The impact of followers on organizations ______. A. has not been studied or scrutinized until recently B. has been empirically proven to drive organizational outcomes C. has resulted in many volumes of published literature D. has historically received more attention than the impact of leaders
has not been studied or scrutinized until recently
A follower typed as compulsive, according to Zaleznik, could be described as ______. A. having a high need to control and a high level of engagement B. having a low need to control and a low level of engagement C. having a high need to control and a low level of engagement D. having a low need to control and a high level of engagement
having a high need to control and a low level of engagement
Chaleff studied the role of followers because he was impacted as a young person when ______. A. he took on the role of leader to his younger sisters when his parents died B. his father was seriously injured in a workplace riot C. he was routinely bullied at school and left out of peer groups D. he learned about Hitler and the horrors of the World War II holocaust
he learned about Hitler and the horrors of the World War II holocaust
Zaleznik's early typology of followership was designed to ______. A. help managers identify and punish bad followers B. provide 10 different ways to describe followers C. refute the way followers were conceptualized in transformational leadership D. help followers become leaders themselves
help followers become leaders themselves
Carsten and colleagues offer several practical perspectives on followership intended to ______. A. solve increasing numbers of subordinate conflicts in political organizations B. advance a complex predictive model of followership with statistical power C. help people in organizations understand the positive aspects of being a follower D. teach followers how to capture leadership positions
help people in organizations understand the positive aspects of being a follower
In Chaleff's model of followership, an individualist exhibits ______. A. high challenge and low support for the leader B. low challenge and low support for the leader C. uncritical thinking and low engagement D. high dominance and high activity
high challenge and low support for the leader
Followership research is about ______. A. how and why followers respond to leaders B. how followers can acquire traits to become leaders C. challenging the validity of leadership theories D. helping corporations achieve better bottom line results
how and why followers respond to leaders
Sarah has a very visible job in her company. She supports her CEO, and wherever she goes she speaks highly of her boss, even when her boss has made bad decisions that have negatively impacted others. In Chaleff's model, Sarah would best be described as what type of follower? A. partner B. resource C. implementer D. individualist
implementer
The psychological need followers have for membership in the human community is most closely aligned with the notions of ______. A. purpose in Authentic Leadership B. individualized Consideration in Transformational Leadership C. achievement-orientation in Path Goal Theory D. in-groups and out-groups in LMX
in-groups and out-groups in LMX
Monique is an immigrant to the United States who became a citizen two years ago. She does not participate in elections or keep track of current events. Kellerman would classify Monique as what type of follower? A. diehard B. pragmatist C. bystander D. isolate
isolate
Which of the following is not accurate about the study of followership? A. it expands our understanding of what contributes to organizational success B. it helps us appreciate the critical and complex role followers play C. it has a longer, richer history than the study of leadership D. it can help us understand why some people follow toxic leaders
it has a longer, richer history than the study of leadership
Categorizing followers into different types is helpful because ______. A. followers of the same type can be placed on teams together B. leaders use follower types to justify destructive behavior C. it helps us understand the ways people act when they are in followership roles D. the typologies, taken together, provide a consistent predictor of organizational performance
it helps us understand the ways people act when they are in followership roles
There are commonalities among the major followership typologies such that all of the following are general follower "types" except ______. A. leader-follower B. submissive-compliant C. independent-assertive D. active-engaged
leader-follower
When one individual's following behaviors interact with another individual's leading behaviors to manifest leadership and its resulting outcomes, this approach is known as the ______. A. outcome driven approach B. followers first process C. leadership co-created process D. role-based followership approach
leadership co-created process
Author Susan Cain suggests organizations need to downplay the glorification of ______ skills and that the world needs more ______. A. technical vivisionaries B. social introverts C. research leaders D. leadership followers
leadership followers
A weakness of the study of followership is ______. A. leadership scholars and followership scholars will never see eye to eye B. its extreme focus on predictive statistical models C. followers are not important in real world organizations D. little empirical research has been conducted on the topic
little empirical research has been conducted on the topic
Like the concept of leadership, followership is presumed to have a/an ______ dimension as it relates to responsibility for the group. A. moral B. trait C. individual D. situational
moral
Without much warning, Carla's parents sent Carla to a boarding school 400 miles away. Carla felt completely off balance and unsure in her new environment, knowing none of the other students or the norms of the school. She followed along with the rigorous work schedule, unreasonable rules, and constant criticism from teachers. Caroline was susceptible to this abusive environment due to which psychological factor outlined by Lipman-Bluman? A. need for security and certainty B. need to feel special C. need for inspiring leaders D. fear of failing
need for security and certainty
Some of the current followership literature challenges us to take leadership ______. A. to a global level B. in a new direction C. more seriously D. off its pedestal
off its pedestal
These types of followers, according to Kellerman, demonstrate a medium level of engagement in the group's goal and may support or oppose the leader. A. participants B. diehards C. aliens D. individualists
participants
Followers can most accurately be described as ______. A. people who have less power than the leader but are critical in the leadership process B. people who do not innately have the capacity to become leaders themselves C. people who are not motivated to step up into leadership roles D. more passive and introverted than leaders
people who have less power than the leader but are critical in the leadership process
The definitions of leadership and followership in the textbook have elements in common. Which of the following is not a common element in the two definitions? A. process B. common goal C. power D. influence
power
Rafi is on a website development team. She is the teammate who helps to maintain the status quo but will support an idea once she sees that others are supporting it. According to Kelley's followership typology, Rafi is a follower best described as ______. A. conformist B. passive C. exemplary D. pragmatic
pragmatic
Chaleff advocates that followers ought to do all of the following except ______. A. champion the need for change when necessary B. support the leader and the organization C. assume the responsibility for the common purpose D. protect the leader under all circumstances
protect the leader under all circumstances
According to Carsten and colleagues, proactive followers ______. A. are high in the conscientiousness trait B. place leader goals ahead of company mission C. support the leader under all circumstances D. put the organization's goals ahead of the leader's goals
put the organization's goals ahead of the leader's goals
Your co-worker, Michael, does just the minimal amount of work to keep his job. He neither supports nor challenges the boss. Chaleff would describe Michael's followership style as ______. A. resource B. individualist C. implementer D. partner
resource
Your marketing team decides to include Jared in a current project because he is known for always challenging the leader's ideas. This is an example of using which perspective of followership? A. transformational B. role-based C. relational-based D. servant
role-based
The two types of perspectives that are used when studying followership are ______. A. in-group and out-group B. technical and adaptive C. role-based and relational-based D. character and conduct
role-based and relational-based
Reversing the lens means ______. A. studying followership by considering how followers impact leaders and organizations B. putting leaders in followership roles for a period of time to get perspective C. taking a sharper focus on how leaders impact the entirety of the organization D. removing leaders completely from the followership equation
studying followership by considering how followers impact leaders and organizations
What is the name of the 2005 book by Jean Lipman-Blumen that explored the question 'why do people follow bad leaders'? A. first followers B. leaders eat last C. the art of followership D. the allure of toxic leaders
the allure of toxic leaders
The textbook makes the argument that ______. A. the study of followership is less important than the study of leadership B. the study of followership is just as important as the study of leadership C. the study of followership is a 21st Century fad that will soon end D. the study of followership is more important than the study of leadership
the study of followership is just as important as the study of leadership
According to Lipman-Blumen, leaders who have dysfunctional personal characteristics and engage in destructive behaviors are known as ______ leaders. A. alluring B. toxic C. charismatic D. authoritarian
toxic
Early research on followership resulted in a series of ______ which form the building blocks for additional theory building. A. case studies B. typologies C. autobiographies D. psychometric instruments
typologies
This scholar used her experience as a political scientist to inform her thinking about the importance of followers. A. Kelley B. Kellerman C. Uhl-Bein D. Lipman-Bluman
Kellerman
Which of the following is not one of the psychological factors that contributes to follower susceptibility to toxic leaders, as outlined by Lipman-Blumen? A. fear of ostracism B. fear of powerlessness to challenge a bad leader C. knowledge of what inspiring leadership should feel like D. need for membership in the human community
knowledge of what inspiring leadership should feel like
Which of the following leader characteristics is a variable in Uhl-Bein's theoretical model of followership? A. leader power B. intelligence C. charisma D. leader ethics
leader power
The study of followership is meant to ______. A. identify and root out destructive employees in organizations B. replace the study of leadership in organizational contexts C. acknowledge the central role followers play in the leadership process D. galvanize researchers around one universally accepted theory of leadership
acknowledge the central role followers play in the leadership process
President Obama brought on Rahm Emanuel as his chief of staff due to his aggressive style and ability to be an agent of change. Emanuel supported Obama and his policies and oftentimes acted on his own accord to shake things up. During this time, Emanuel would best be classified under Kellerman's typology as what kind of follower? A. resource B. participant C. isolate D. activist
activist
The followership approach that suggests leadership results from an interaction of leading and following is reminiscent of which major leadership approach? A. trait approach B. leader-member exchange C. authentic leadership D. behavioral approach
leader-member exchange
In exclusive clubs and ritualistic groups like fraternities and sororities, followers can become vulnerable to bad leadership when they are unable to regulate their own personal need for ______. A. respect B. authority C. belonging D. power
belonging
Cameron is on a five-person team at work tasked with creating a branding strategy for the company's newest product. He attends the team meetings and knows all about the features of the new product, but when it comes time for the team to make a decision Cameron claims he does not have an opinion. According to Kellerman's typology, Cameron is what type of follower? A. participant B. bystander C. conformist D. diehard
bystander
Chaleff argues that followers ______. A. serve leaders B. become leaders C. serve a common purpose along with leaders D. have a duty to follow the leader
serve a common purpose along with leaders
Destructive leaders such as Hitler and those who lead White supremacy groups gain followers because they prey on people's psychological need to ______. A. become well-known B. feel secure C. feel powerless D. feel chosen or special
feel chosen or special
Kellerman's typology identifies ______ levels of follower behaviors. A. three B. four C. five D. six
five
The approach to followership offered by Chaleff ______. A. is prescriptive B. is amoral C. is limited D. provides no typology
is prescriptive
Lipman-Bluman argues that a person with a very strong need to have a reassuring authority figure in their life ______. A. will certainly rise to a leadership position B. is vulnerable to following abusive leaders C. becomes an exemplary follower D. is a pragmatic follower
is vulnerable to following abusive leaders
One of the key benefits of studying followership is that ______. A. it reaffirms the importance of leaders B. it elevates the importance and value of followers C. it explains the necessary power differential between leaders and followers D. existing leadership theories can now be debunked
it elevates the importance and value of followers
The main distinction between Kellerman's typology of followers and those of Zaleznik, Chaleff, and Kelley is ______. A. Kellerman does not take engagement level into consideration while the other scholars do B. Kellerman surveyed thousands of business executives to arrive at her empirical model C. Kellerman views followers along a single continuum while other scholars use two dimensions D. Kellerman's typology includes more types of followers than the models of all others
Kellerman views followers along a single continuum while other scholars use two dimensions
The most recognized followership typology has been offered by ______. A. Kelley B. Kellerman C. Heifetz D. Chaleff
Kelley
Chaleff's follower style called "partner" is most similar to ______. A. Uhl-Bien's powerful follower B. Kellerman's participant follower C. Zaleznik's compulsive follower D. Kelley's exemplary follower
Kelley's exemplary follower
One of the key differences between Zaleznik's and Kelley's approach to followership is ______. A. Zaleznik's typology includes six types of followers while Kelley's includes four types B. Zaleznik wanted to explain the dynamics of conflicts while Kelley was highlighting followers' importance C. Zaleznik's typology included and active/passive dimension while Kelley's did not D. Zeleznik's typology discredited Kelley's prior work
Zaleznik wanted to explain the dynamics of conflicts while Kelley was highlighting followers' importance
From a relational-based perspective, the new followership literature encourages us to view leadership as ______. A. a process where power differentials should be underscored B. a position that more followers should strive toward C. a co-constructed process wherein followers and leaders share equally D. the vantage point from which follower roles are determined
a co-constructed process wherein followers and leaders share equally
Uhl-Bein and her colleagues were the first to propose ______. A. a structured typology of followership B. a formal theory of followership C. a more modern leadership theory D. a role-based perspective on followership
a formal theory of followership
The typologies in the textbook that describe followers can best be thought of as ______. A. a starting point for further research and theory building B. a unified, comprehensive theory of followership C. direct rebuttals to the major leadership theories D. underscoring the importance of leaders in the leadership process
a starting point for further research and theory building
The fact that recent leadership literature has now focused more explicitly on followership than ever before is considered ______. A. a weakness of followership studies B. a strength of followership studies C. a conflict with leadership studies D. a scholarly trend on the decline
a strength of followership studies
Followership as an area of study is considered ______. A. in its early stages B. fully developed C. unnecessary due to robust leadership models D. controversial
in its early stages
