Manual Transmission
On a simple compound geartrain, the gear on the input shaft meshes with a larger gear, which is usually the ________ in the manual transmission.
Bottom shaft
Which tool is required to remove rear bearing race from the transmission case?
Brass drift and hammer
A(n) ______ blocker ring with recesses to accommodate the ends of the inserts is located in each end of the hub, and a conical inner surface faces a matching steel cone on the gear.
Bronze
Choose the correct statement.
Check the main case and output shaft housing with a straightedge and feeler gauge.
A ________ is a tool used to center the clutch plate between the flywheel and the pressure plate during the installation of the pressure plate.
Clutch alignment tool
Which of these tools is used to center the clutch plate between the flywheel and the pressure plate during the installation of the pressure plate?
Clutch alignment tool
________occurs when the clutch does not fully disengage when the clutch pedal is depressed, causing a dragging of the clutch assembly.
Clutch binding
Moving the _______ brings the bearing thrust face into contact with the pressure plate levers.
Clutch release fork (clutch fork)
The ________ is a splined flange that transmits power to the pinion gear.
Companion flange
Which one of these methods should never be used to remove clutch dust and debris from clutch parts?
Compressed air
With the engine operating and the manual transmission's clutch engaged, the input shaft transfers its motion through the ______ to rotate the gears on the main shaft.
Countershaft
A closed clutch safety switch allows the starter motor to crank the engine over when the driver turns the key to the _____ position.
Crank
The _________ works the same as a trailer axle, allowing the wheels to spin freely and follow the drive axle.
Dead axle
All of the following tools will be needed in rebuilding a transmission EXCEPT a(n) ___________.
Dial bore gauge
A ________ is a tool used to measure runout or end play when performing clutch service.
Dial indicator
What are the two most common pressure plate designs?
Diaphragm and coil spring
The clutch disc is ________, meaning that it must be installed with the correct face toward the flywheel.
Directional
If any leakage is noted around the CV joint boot, the boot should be replaced because _______ can enter the joint, causing the joint to ultimately fail.
Dirt and water
Each freewheeling main shaft gear has an external toothed section (commonly called ________) on one side of the gear.
Dog teeth
All gear ratios are calculated by the formula _________.
Driven / drive
Automotive manual transmission clutches are _____ clutches.
Dry
The inner workings of the ______ helps absorb engine vibrations, thus minimizing gear rattle and putting less strain on the drivetrain components.
Dual mass flywheel
In a _____ speed transmission, the first gear, the smallest on the countershaft, meshes with the largest gear on the main shaft, producing first gear.
Either A or B
Crankshaft ________ is the amount of forward and rearward movement of the crankshaft and must be within the manufacturer's specifications for the vehicle.
End Play
In a vehicle equipped with a manual transmission, once a gear is selected, the driver slowly releases the clutch pedal and progressively connects the ________ to the transmission.
Engine
A reverse idler transmits the drive from the secondary shaft to the primary shaft when reverse is selected.
False
A sensor is always used to tell the PCM/TCM what gear is selected.
False
Because the transaxle includes a final drive assembly, that transmits power out of the transaxle to the half-shaft drive axles, it will have the same noises as a regular transmission.
False
Before 1898, all vehicles were chain driven.
False
Differential pinion crush sleeves are reusable.
False
If one of the manual transmission's shafts is found to have not enough free play, then a thorough inspection must be performed to ensure that there is not wear on a component, such as a thrust bearing, causing the fault.
False
If the step of a flywheel is not deep enough, the pressure plate will not develop enough clamping force to keep the clutch from slipping.
False
On all of the final drive assemblies manufactured today, the anti-lock brake system (ABS) wheel speed sensor is incorporated in them.
False
The engine is connected to the transmission, and the transmission is connected to the clutch.
False
The gear contact pattern needs to be in the undercut of the gear tooth.
False
The pressure of the hydraulic fluid can be used to supply the pressure to push fluid and air out of the clutch hydraulic system when gravity bleeding.
False
The transaxle's differential ring gear is part of the output shaft of the transaxle.
False
When overhaluing a transmission, all transmission case components should be replaced.
False
The ________ assembly provides the final gear reduction necessary for drivetrain operation.
Final drive
Which of these components smoothens out the power pulses from the pistons during the power strokes?
Flywheel
The purpose of a transfer case is to transfer power to both the front and rear axles, providing _______ drive so the vehicle can move with more stability in inclement weather and compromised road conditions.
Four-wheel (4WD)
It is important to check the clutch linkage mechanism for proper operation and correct the adjustment (________) periodically.
Free play
______ typically use drive axles called half-shafts, which have an inner and an outer CV joint.
Front-wheel drive vehicles
Worn axle bearings allow the axle shafts to move, and the axle shaft movement will wear the axle seals quickly and create ____ that the axle fluid can leak out of.
Gaps
In manual transmission, which of these determines the path of the power flow from the countershaft to the output shaft?
Gears
A ________ can be mounted in the top of the gearbox (called a top loader transmission), where it acts through a ball pivot in the top of the extension housing.
Gearshift lever
________ bleeding uses gravity to push fluid and air from the master cylinder and lines out through the slave cylinder bleeder screw.
Gravity
Because of their construction, CV joints can operate at ________ U-joints.
Greater angles than
A less common cause of ______ noises relates to the misalignment of the bell housing to the engine assembly.
Grinding
In a manual transmission, _______ may be cut into the shafts to accommodate snap rings and thrust washers, which are used for holding the gears in the proper position on the shaft once the gears are installed.
Grooves
A __________ noise can be caused by a number of faults, mainly worn bearings or worn gears.
Growling
Choose the correct statement.
Half-shafts have an inner and an outer CV joint.
In __________, the clutch pedal acts on a master cylinder connected by a hydraulic tube and flexible hose to a slave cylinder mounted on (external type) or in (internal type) the transmission bell housing.
Hydraulic clutch release mechanisms
Which of these is the MOST likely cause of hard shifting?
Incorrectly adjusted clutch
A(n) _________ allows each wheel to move independently of the other wheel, which results in a more comfortable ride and better handling.
Independent rear axle
The manual transmission's countershaft gears and their corresponding gears on the main shaft continue to rotate, as the countershaft is constantly in mesh with the ____.
Input gear
The pinion gear is what drives the differential ring gear, which is located _____ the transaxle assembly.
Inside
Choose the correct answer.
Inspect the transmission for leaks when changing gearbox fluid.
What is the purpose of the slip yoke on the drive shaft?
It allows for up-and-down movement of the suspension.
Fluid ______ should be checked as part of a thorough visual inspection anytime a transmission fault is suspected.
Level and condition
In ____ gear, where the smallest gear in the transmission turns the largest gear in the transmission, one complete turn of the small gear turns the larger gear only a small portion of a full turn.
Low
Single-row, deep-groove ball bearings normally support the ______ in conventional rear-wheel drive manual transmissions.
Main shaft and input shaft
The ________ bleeding method of bleeding a clutch hydraulic system uses the master cylinder to push fluid and air from the system.
Manual
If ______ is found floating inside the transmission fluid, then the technician knows that the transmission will have to be pulled apart and inspected or replaced.
Metal
________ can be of the caged type, or they can be a loose number assembled to operate directly on a hardened gear or shaft.
Needle roller bearings
Tech A says that a transfer case is designed to transfer torque from the engine to the transmission. Tech B says that a transfer case is used on FWD vehicles. Who is correct?
Neither A nor B
Tech A says that as long as the dog (clutch) teeth of the synchronizer are rounded, the synchronizer can be reused. Tech B says that the synchronizer sleeve should slide smoothly on its splines. Who is correct?
Neither A nor B
Tech A says that friction bearings are made up of balls and rollers. Tech B says that nonfriction bearings are in sliding contact between moving surfaces. Who is correct?
Neither A nor B
Tech A says that insufficient clutch pedal clearance (free play) can cause gear clashing when shifting. Tech B says that when the engine is idling and the clutch pedal is released, the friction disc should stop rotating. Who is correct?
Neither A nor B
Tech A says that the condition of blocking rings should be checked by measuring the clearance between the blocking ring and the face of the gear. Tech B says that the blocking ring should be visually inspected for worn teeth and worn (smooth) internal surfaces. Who is correct?
Neither A nor B
Technician A says that as long as the dog (clutch) teeth of the synchronizer are rounded, the synchronizer can be reused. Technician B says that the synchronizer sleeve should slide smoothly on its splines. Who is correct?
Neither A nor B
Transmission end play is being discussed. Tech A says that a micrometer should be used to measure the inward and outward movement of the output shaft. Tech B says that an angle gauge should be used to measure output shaft rotation. Who is correct?
Neither A nor B
Two technicians are discussing clutch operating systems. Tech A says that most hydraulic clutches need to be adjusted periodically. Tech B says that cable clutches use a slave cylinder to operate the clutch fork. Who is correct?
Neither A nor B
When removing the shift cover and mechanism, putting the manual transmission in _________ will make it easier to install the shift cover when the reassembly is complete.
Neutral
_______ of the differential will create a pressure buildup in the differential from foaming of the liquid that the breather cannot handle, so the weakest place to vent pressure will be through the axle seal itself.
Overfilling
Brake fluid will eat _______, so while handling brake fluid, cover fenders and clean up any spilled fluid with generous amounts of soap and water.
Paint
Upon inspection of a failed manual transmission, it may be possible to find out what caused the failure of the transmission in the first place; for example, if the transmission shift linkage is keeping one gear __________, the dog teeth of the transmission can be damaged.
Partially engaged
With the clutch disc inserted, under no circumstances should you remove the ________ until after the clutch pressure plate has been installed and torqued to the manufacturer's specification.
Pilot shaft
The ________ is held on by a large nut that also sets the preload for the pinion gear on crush sleeve types.
Pinion companion flange
_____ ensures that enough pressure is placed on the bearing to keep the shaft from moving around, but not so much that the bearing will run hot and begin to fail.
Preload
Releasing the clutch pedal reapplies the clamping force and reconnects the engine and transmission by firmly clamping the clutch disc between the ______ and the flywheel, allowing them to rotate as a unit.
Pressure Plate
Which of these tools is required to pull differential case bearings?
Push-type bearing puller
In some cable-operated clutch vehicles, which device provides self-adjustment as the clutch disc wears?
Quadrant ratchet
In transverse front-wheel drive layout applications, the transaxle is normally mounted at the _____ of the engine and a primary shaft engages with the splines of the clutch center plate.
Rear
The flywheel is bolted to the _____ of the crankshaft and allows the crankshaft to mate with the transmission via the clutch system.
Rear
With a(n) _____, drive from the engine is transmitted to a rear axle assembly by a drive (propeller) shaft.
Rear-wheel drive layout
When the clutch pedal is in the ________ position, power is transmitted to the transmission, and forward or rearward movement of the vehicle can be achieved.
Released
Any excessive differential ring gear runout could be the result of debris caught between the ________ that was present upon assembly of the unit.
Ring gear and the differential case
Which types of bearings are typically used to support purely radial loads?
Roller bearings
Cork gaskets are cut out of a large sheet of cork and ________ mixture.
Rubber
CV joints use _____ to contain the grease inside the CV joint, while still allowing the joint to pivot.
Rubber boots
Flywheel ________ can be measured with a dial indicator.
Runout
Which type of joint has an inner race, six steel ball bearings, a bearing cage, and an outer race?
Rzeppa joint
Wheel studs are pressed into the axle flange at the end of the __________.
Semifloating axle
In most cases, manual transmissions come apart in main assemblies, such as all of the following EXCEPT:
Shaft cover
_______ are used to support gears and are machined precisely to accommodate bearings and individual gears.
Shafts
The transfer case and the manual transmission are similar in operation in that they both have a series of ________ and include shift mechanisms.
Shafts, gears, and bearings
If a half-shaft type axle is clicking when turning ______, then the joint or the entire half-shaft will need to be replaced.
Sharply
The Rzeppa CV joint has an inner race, ___ steel ball bearings, a bearing cage, and an outer race.
Six
When inspecting hydraulic clutch lines, if accessible, pull the boot back on the ________ and inspect it for signs of leakage.
Slave cylinder
________ are required to remove snap rings that may be used to retain gears or synchronizers.
Snap ring pliers
Which of these are used for holding the gears in the proper position on the shaft once the gears are installed?
Snap rings and thrust washers
OSHA-approved methods of removing clutch dust involves using _______ brushed onto the component to remove the dust and prevent it from going airborne.
Soap and water solution
Clutch pedal free play should be checked and compared to ________.
Specifications
Once the limited slip differential clutch plates have been soaked in the proper lubricant, install them in proper order by putting in the _____________.
Steel plate first, then a clutch facing, and then alternating them
Axle and wheel bearing noises tend to change in severity when _____.
Steering side to side
Inspection of the lug studs should be done in order to look for _____ or thread defects of the lug studs.
Stretching
Which of the below engages with the dog teeth on the selected gear and transmits torque from the gear to the output shaft?
Synchronizer sleeve
Clutch pedal free play can be measured using a ________.
Tape measure
What type of bearing is best used to sustain radial and thrust loads?
Tapered roller bearing
Tech A says that U-joints can make a chirping or squeaking nose when they are going bad. Tech B says that U-joints are typically used on FWD axles to provide torque through all angles of steering. Who is correct?
Tech A
Tech A says that a gear set that has a drive gear with 9 teeth and a driven gear with 27 teeth has a gear ratio of 3:1. Tech Bsays that the drive gear is also called the output gear. Who is correct?
Tech A
Tech A says that a leaking rear main seal can cause clutch damage. Tech B says that the throw-out bearing rides directly on the clutch disc. Who is correct?
Tech A
Tech A says that a leaky transmission output shaft seal is likely to cause clutch plate contamination. Tech B says that a worn transmission rear bushing may contribute to output shaft seal leakage. Who is correct?
Tech A
Tech A says that if a noise is caused by a set of worn gears, it will normally be loudest in that gear while driving under a load. Tech B says that if the bearings on the input shaft, countershaft, or main shaft are worn, either front or rear, a growling noise will result when stopped in gear. Who is correct?
Tech A
Tech A says that in a conventional transmission, the gears freewheel around the main shaft until they are locked to it by the synchronizer. Tech B says that when not engaged, main shaft gears slide away from the counter gears until they are no longer in mesh. Who is correct?
Tech A
Tech A says that some manual transmissions use two input shafts and two clutches. Tech B says that many manual transmissions now use planetary gear sets. Who is correct?
Tech A
Tech A says that the angle of the rear axle assembly companion flange should be perpendicular to the transmission output shaft. Tech B says that U-joints should be 45 degrees out of phase from one another to minimize vibration. Who is correct?
Tech A
Tech A says that the clutch-style limited slip differential uses a multi-plate clutch pack between each side gear and the differential case. Tech B says that if the clutch discs are worn, rotating torque will be higher than specifications. Who is correct?
Tech A
Tech A says that the differential assembly provides a means for the inside and outside wheels to turn at different speeds when going around a corner. Tech B says that the differential assembly provides smooth shifts and reduces gear "grinding" by matching gear speeds. Who is correct?
Tech A
Tech A says that the gear tooth contact pattern can be taken using Prussian blue. Tech B says that the convex side of the ring gear is the coast side. Who is correct?
Tech A
Tech A says that the speeds at which two meshed gears turn depend on the number of teeth on each gear. Tech B says that if the driving gear has fewer teeth than the driven gear, the speed of the driven gear is faster. Who is correct?
Tech A
Tech A says that waved springs between the clutch facings results in a smoother engagement of the clutch when starting from a stop. Tech B says that the heavy torsional coil springs in the clutch disc clamp the clutch disc between the flywheel and pressure plate. Who is correct?
Tech A
A rough growling noise occurs when the vehicle is moving and the transmission is in the forward or reverse gear. The noise is not heard when the transmission is in neutral. Tech A says that the output shaft (main shaft) bearings may be faulty. Tech B that says the pilot bearing may be faulty. Who is correct?
Tech B
Tech A says that a bad pilot bearing can cause a whirring noise when the clutch pedal is released. Tech B says that many ring gears are press fit onto the flywheel. Who is correct?
Tech B
Tech A says that a driveshaft center bearing is used on a vehicle with a short driveshaft. Tech B says that a driveshaft center bearing has a rubber insert that can deteriorate. Who is correct?
Tech B
Tech A says that an open differential allows both of the rear wheels to supply power to the ground even if one wheel loses traction. Tech B says that a live axle powers the wheels attached to it. Who is correct?
Tech B
Tech A says that an overdrive gear ratio means the input gear turns faster than the output gear. Tech B says that overdrive ratios provide less torque output than underdrive ratios. Who is correct?
Tech B
Tech A says that blocker rings prevent the vehicle from rolling when parked. Tech B says that engine torque is transferred from the dog teeth through the synchronizer sleeves. Who is correct?
Tech B
Tech A says that clutch slippage can be a result of excessively strong pressure plate spring(s). Tech B says that when replacing the friction disc, it is good practice to also replace the pressure plate. Who is correct?
Tech B
Tech A says that fifth gear provides more torque to the wheels than second gear. Tech B says that fourth gear provides more wheel speed than first gear. Who is correct?
Tech B
Tech A says that if gearbox fluid begins to run out as the filler plug is removed, the technician must add the same amount back in. Tech B says that blocker rings have fine grooves that cut through the oil on the tapered cone of the matching gear. Who is correct?
Tech B
Tech A says that pinion bearing preload is measured with a dial indicator. Tech B says that pinion bearing preload positions the bearings such that the pinion gear is held firmly in place but still allows smooth rotation of the gear. Who is correct?
Tech B
Tech A says that the countershaft is splined to fit into the hub in the clutch disc. Tech B says that the output shaft has gears that are meshed with the countershaft gears. Who is correct?
Tech B
Tech A says that the final drive is used to provide an increase in the rotational speed of the axles. Tech B says that the final drive is used to provide an increase of twisting force to the axles. Who is correct?
Tech B
Tech A says that the pressure plate friction surface rides on the flywheel friction surface to transmit torque. Tech B says that the flywheel can either be flat or stepped. Who is correct?
Tech B
Technician A says spur gears are stronger than helical gears and are often used in heavy-duty vehicles. Technician B says spur gears run more quietly than helical gears. Who is correct?
Technician A
Technician A says that before removing the final drive from a transaxle case, it may be necessary to remove the output shaft. Technician B says that before removing the final drive, it may be necessary to measure the preload and shim packs. Who is correct?
Technician A
When diagnosing a clutch problem, Technician A says the first steps are gathering as much information as possible from the customer. Technician B says the first step is performing a visual inspection. Who is correct?
Technician A
When bearings fail, they generally will cause a ______ or growling noise that can increase and disappear as the vehicle turns from side to side.
Whirring
Choose the correct statement.
Without the differential assembly, the tires would bind, skip, hop, and slide when going around a corner.
This type of manual transmission has an oil pump with an external oil cooler used to carry heat out of the transmission, similar to an automatic transmission during heavy-duty usage of the vehicle.
ZF six-speed transmission
Proper input or output shaft preload and endplay adjustments are typically checked by using:
a dial indicator or a feeler gauge.
The driver can increase and decrease the amount of power the engine develops using the:
accelerator pedal.
The purpose of the clutch safety switch is to:
allow the engine to be cranked only when the clutch pedal is depressed.
When changing gearbox fluid, it's a good idea to have the gearbox fluid:
at operating temperature so it flows better.
Carrier bearing preload should be adjusted:
at the same time as setting backlash.
All of the following statements referring to transmission end play/preload are true EXCEPT:
axial or radial clearances should not determine whether gears and shafts are to be replaced or reused.
All of the following statements referring to transmission end play/preload are true except:
axial or radial clearances should not determine whether gears and shafts are to be replaced or reused.
When adjusting ring and pinion contact, the contact should be near the:
center of the gear tooth.
A good place to start when inspecting for synchronizer wear or damage is to:
check for gold colored particles in the drained transmission fluid.
The manual transmission receives power from the engine by way of the:
clutch assembly.
All of the following are types of clutch operating systems except:
clutch fork.
The input shaft is directly in constant engagement with the:
countershaft.
In a manual transmission, the gears and shafts are supported on bearings or bearing surfaces to:
decrease rolling friction.
As the transmission is shifted from first gear to second gear, the torque delivered by the output shaft is:
decreased
The tool used to measure ring gear backlash is a:
dial indicator.
The gears in the final drive assembly that allow the left and right drive wheels to turn at different speeds are called:
differential gears.
If the roll pins used to secure the shift forks are worn, they should be:
driven out and replaced.
Potential causes of a slipping clutch can be all of the following EXCEPT:
engine drivability issues.
All of the following statements with respect to disassembly of the transmission are true except:
ensure that all transmission case components are replaced.
If you are using a dial caliper, you should _____ the dial caliper to touch the surfaces of the bore and get a size reading.
expand
In ______ gear, the smallest gear on the primary shaft drives the largest gear on the secondary shaft, resulting in the lowest gear ratio.
first
Drive axles used with front-wheel drive transaxles are called:
half shafts.
A differential is being overhauled. Technician A says to inspect the ring gear for trueness with a ruler. Technician B says to inspect the thrust washers for chipping or galling. Who is correct?
Technician B
Technician A says synchronizers are used to match the clutch and input shaft speeds to provide easier gear changes. Technician B says a synchronizer matches gear speed with shaft speed. Who is correct?
Technician B
Technician A says that clutch slippage can be a result of excessively strong pressure plate spring(s). Technician B says that when replacing the friction disc, it is good practice to also replace the pressure plate. Who is correct?
Technician B
Technician A says that when a vehicle is brought to a standstill, most transmission noises become louder. Technician B says that clicking noises could be caused by a chipped tooth on a transmission gear. Who is correct?
Technician B
Technician A says the final drive assembly always has a gear ratio of 1:1. Technician B says the final drive assembly provides further gear reduction between the transmission and the drive wheels. Who is correct?
Technician B
The gear lube level is being checked in a manual transmission. Technician A says it should run out when the plug is removed. Technician B says that some transmissions use motor oil as gear lube. Who is correct?
Technician B
Which of these could be related to hard shifting?
The alignment of the bell housing
When the slave cylinder is located outside the bell housing, which part operates the throw-out bearing?
The clutch fork
Which of these parts compress the pressure plate springs?
The clutch throw-out bearing and clutch fork
What is clutch pedal free-play?
The distance the clutch pedal moves before the master cylinder piston moves.
Which of the following statements is correct with respect to the difference between a transmission and a transaxle?
The final drive assembly is incorporated in transaxle construction.
The clutch connects and disconnects engine power between which two components?
The flywheel and transmission input
Choose the correct statement with respect to direct drive rotation.
The input shaft and output shaft are locked together.
Choose the correct statement.
The pinion gear drives the differential ring gear, located inside the transaxle assembly.
This job is performed by the driveshafts, transfer cases, final drives, differentials, and drive axles.
The torque being delivered to the appropriate wheels
A cause of _________ would be a binding synchronizer that does not allow movement of the manual transmission's shifter.
The transmission being stuck in one gear
Why are helical gears most often used for light-duty passenger vehicles?
They operate very quietly
On the _________, there is a single roller bearing between the hub and the outside of the axle housing.
Three-quarter floating axle
Which of the following axles uses a single roller bearing between the hub and the outside of the axle housing?
Three-quarter floating axle
Which of the following could cause the transmission to make noise only when the clutch pedal is depressed?
Throwout bearing
Fluid leaks in a manual transmission may be a result of any of the following conditions EXCEPT:
Too little fluid in the transmission
A vibration damper, flywheel, or clutch disc that is out of balance can cause ________.
Torsional vibrations
A vehicle with _________ will overcome the loss of traction by applying more power to the wheel that is not slipping by applying the brake on the wheel that is slipping.
Traction control
A close inspection of all vital parts is necessary to complete a manual transmission rebuild.
True
A customer interview is critical to the proper diagnosis of the customer's concern because it allows the technician to obtain all of the information concerning the symptoms and to ensure a proper and lasting repair.
True
A driveshaft typically requires the use of joints to allow power to transfer smoothly as the driveshaft follows the movement of the suspension system.
True
A lack of lubrication in a differential will cause the differential's axle bearing to heat up and damage the axle seal.
True
A reason to use the two-piece style driveshaft is because the angle of the U-joint may be too great if the driveshaft were just a single piece.
True
A relatively large twisting force must be applied to the wheels to accelerate the vehicle from a stop.
True
A thorough customer interview and road testing are essential when attempting to diagnose a customer concern of noise, vibration, or harshness.
True
As higher transmission gears are selected, the output shaft speed increases with each higher gear.
True
Automobile manufacturers design transmissions to be used with their various vehicles be it a passenger vehicle, pickup truck, or sport utility vehicle (SUV) and to meet customer expectations.
True
Before manual transmission disassembly, the technician should drain the transmission fluid by removing the drain plug as required.
True
Both axle tubes must be flushed of all debris and particles that are present inside them when rebuilding a differential assembly.
True
Both flat and stepped flywheels may be resurfaced to correct minor wear or defects.
True
Brake heat that comes from a dragging brake can cause an axle seal to leak.
True
Clutch diagnosis generally starts with getting as much information from the customer as possible.
True
Compound geartrains enable a variety of gear ratios.
True
Correct drive pinion depth and differential gear contact will keep gear separation at a minimum.
True
Driveline angularity is the relationship of the driveshaft to the component that the driveshaft attaches to, as measured in degrees.
True
Each set of gears, called a gear set, in the transmission provides a certain amount of mechanical advantage and has a specific speed differential associated with it.
True
Front-wheel drive axles must be able to change length as the vehicle goes over bumps and dips and must allow the wheels to be steered.
True
If a customer disconnected the vehicle's battery with the ignition key on, multiple diagnostic trouble codes might be set.
True
If a repair to a CV joint is necessary, the technician should follow all manufacturer guidelines and procedures for the needed repair.
True
If the driven gear (the output gear) has more teeth than the drive gear (the input gear), then the gear set will have mechanical advantage because the smaller drive gear has to rotate faster than the larger driven gear, giving an increase in output force.
True
In George Selden's front-wheel drive carriage, leather belts were used on a pulley and a geared wheel was used on the axle to make the carriage move.
True
In a Rzeppa CV joint, the ball bearings, retained by a spherical cage, are carried in angular grooves in each race.
True
In a full floating axle configuration, the axle flange requires a gasket or room temperature vulcanizing (RTV) sealer to seal the oil in the axle housing from leaking out while driving down the highway.
True
In a manual transmission, hard shifting concerns can be the result of an incorrectly adjusted clutch or most other clutch problems.
True
In most cases, the hydraulic clutch operating system automatically compensates for clutch disc wear.
True
In third gear, the engagement sleeve locks the freely rotating third gear to the secondary shaft.
True
Incorrect end play and bearing preload will result in failure of the newly rebuilt manual transmission.
True
Increasing the spring force of the pressure plate that clamps the clutch disc to the flywheel increases torque capacity but takes more foot pressure to operate the clutch pedal.
True
It is always a good practice to check all components of the shifting mechanism and replace any parts that are damaged or broken.
True
Many newer engines use a full-circle rear main seal around the crankshaft flange at the rear of the engine block.
True
O-ring seals are typically used for static locations, such as the speedometer drive gear housing.
True
On a cable-operated clutch control system, the outer cable housing is fixed to the pedal support inside the vehicle and to the transmission bell housing in the engine compartment.
True
On the driver's side of a vehicle equipped with a manual transmission, there are usually three pedals on the floor, which, from the driver's right to left, are as follows: the accelerator pedal, used for acceleration or deceleration of the engine; the brake pedal, used to stop the vehicle's motion; and the clutch pedal, which operates the clutch system.
True
Preventive maintenance of a final drive assembly, regardless of its design, is important, as these axles are filled with special lubricants that promote long life and maintain quiet operation of the gears.
True
Prior to differential disassembly, the differentials pinion-to-ring-gear backlash should be measured and recorded for future reference.
True
Sometimes, improper torquing of the lug nuts can cause the studs to fail or the wheel to come off while driving.
True
The PCM uses information from the vehicle speed sensors along with data from other sensors to control various aspects of the vehicle, including the speedometer reading (on some vehicles) as well as some electronic shift routines.
True
The clutch plays the role of engaging and disengaging the input shaft, so the input shaft speed can be changed as needed.
True
The condition and level of the transmission fluid can tell an automotive technician a lot about what is going on inside that particular transmission.
True
The drive axles used with front-wheel drive transaxles are called half-shafts.
True
The drivetrain system consists of the component assemblies that transmit power from the engine all the way to the drive wheels.
True
The final drive assembly incorporates a set of differential gears arranged so that they sit between two axles.
True
The flutes or swirls found in hydrodynamic seals create a pumping action as the input or output shaft rotates, causing any fluid at the sealing edge to be drawn back inside the casing.
True
The main difference between the differential in a rear-wheel drive vehicle and the differential in a front-wheel drive transaxle is the direction of power flow.
True
The manual transmission shift lever engages the correct shift selector rail and moves the attached shift fork, which moves the correct synchronizer sleeve forward or backward.
True
The teeth on the manual transmission's blocker ring can be rotated so they are out of alignment with the teeth on the sleeve.
True
The use of different-sized (different length) axle shafts can cause a problem known as torque steer.
True
There are two types of rear axle assemblies used in modern vehicles: the solid rear axle and the independent rear axle.
True
Too much crankshaft end play from a severely worn crankshaft thrust bearing may create clutch chatter.
True
U-joints are typically used on driveshafts because they generally need to accommodate only small angles, although some manufacturers use CV joints to provide a smoother ride, or on off-road vehicles that have been lifted and experience a greater amount of suspension travel.
True
Understanding the internal workings of a manual transmission provides you with a foundation to draw upon when diagnosing manual transmission problems.
True
When a vehicle's flywheel is removed, it is a good practice to inspect the rear of the engine block for any damage to the mating surfaces and alignment dowels.
True
When checking gear contact pattern, the technician should paint several teeth with marking compound and turn the companion flange nut while holding back on the ring gear to prevent the ring gear backlash from affecting the tooth contact pattern.
True
When overhauling a manual transmission, it is important to inspect for damage if you are reusing the synchronizer assembly.
True
When removing the shift cover and mechanism from a manual transmission, make sure the manual transmission is in neutral.
True
When replacing manual transmission gaskets, the technician should clean all gasket surfaces to make sure the surface will accept the new gasket(s) and prevent leaks.
True
How many gears may typically be selected by one shift fork in a manual transmission?
Two
Most light-duty vehicles use a single-plate clutch disc with _____ friction facings attached to a central hub and splined to engage the transmission input shaft.
Two
Driveline angularity is critical to ensure ________ are working at their proper angle.
U-joints
If the driveshaft parts are not marked during disassembly, then an out-of-phase condition could result, and _________ will occur even if the driveshaft is in balance.
Vibration
To prepare for a gearbox fluid change, it is a good idea to have the gearbox fluid _____.
Warm
What is the maximum angle at which a universal joint is capable of properly working?
3 degrees
Which of the following should be used to measure the runout of a flywheel?
A dial indicator
_______ may be utilized to tear down and reassemble the transmission for service.
A hydraulic press
Which of these is best to use when checking a transmission case for warpage?
A straight edge and feeler gauge
What is the purpose of the tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS)?
Alert the driver of under inflated tires
As a manual transmission wears, it will develop behaviors that are of concern to the customer, such as ________.
All of the Above
Removal of the manual transmission is usually only required when __________.
All of the Above
Final drives can be found in _______.
All of the above
If the center support bearing is equipped with a grease zerk, it should be lubricated whenever a(n) __________ is performed.
All of the above
Linkage-style clutch control systems use a system of _______ between the clutch pedal and the clutch fork.
All of the above
Noise that occurs in the clutch area when the engine is idling in neutral and the clutch pedal is in the released position may indicate a worn transmission input shaft bearing due to ___________.
All of the above
Seals can develop leaks, which can cause bearings to ______.
All of the above
Sometimes it is necessary for the technician to remove the transaxle's final drive, due to internal ________.
All of the above
The purpose of axle seals is to ___________.
All of the above
The service consultant's check sheet will ask the customer a series of questions to help determine _____.
All of the above
When a vehicle's clutch is being replaced, the flywheel should be inspected for _______.
All of the above
________ can indicate damaged synchronizer units as well as other shift mechanism problems.
All of the above
What keeps many newer manual transmissions from being accidently shifted into reverse?
An electronic solenoid
Modern technology has generally replaced _______ used in older clutch disc linings by using organic compound resins with imbedded copper filings and some ceramic materials.
Asbestos
Clearances on the end of the axle shafts for snap rings should be checked, as the axle has a tendency to move _____ and cause the end of the axle shaft groove to become wide enough to drop the snap ring into the housing, will cause the axle to walk out of the housing while the vehicle is traveling down the highway.
Axially
The manual transmission selector shift rails are supported in the casing and are moved ______ by the gearshift lever.
Backward or forward
A ______ is used to press bearings from the transmission shafts or to remove synchronizer sleeves.
Bearing splitter
________ are used to center and hold the shafts in alignment so the gears rotate smoothly when in mesh with their mating gears.
Bearings
Which of these is used to synchronize the speeds of gear and shaft before engagement?
Blocker ring synchromesh unit
A car jumps out of gear into neutral when decelerating or going down hills. Tech A says that the shift lever and internal gearshift linkage should be checked. Tech B says that a detent spring could be broken. Who is correct?
Both A and B
A car jumps out of gear into neutral when decelerating or going down hills. Technician A says that the shift lever and internal gearshift linkage should be checked. Technician B says that a detent spring could be broken. Who is correct?
Both A and B
A clutch is chattering. Technician A says that uneven wear on the flywheel could be the cause. Technician B says that worn or broken motor mounts could be the cause. Who is correct?
Both A and B
A late model manual transmission is scheduled for disassembly and reassembly. Technician A says that special electronic devices may be required to do the job. Technician B says that special pullers may be required to do the job. Who is correct?
Both A and B
A transmission is being assembled, but the input shaft does not slide all the way in. Tech A says this is normal and to use the bolts to pull the front bearing retainer into place. Tech B says that you should use a hammer to tap the bearing retainer into place. Who is correct?
Both A and B
Before disassembling a manual transmission, remove any __________ that may be attached to the transmission case.
Both A and B
Engagement of the dog teeth locks the gear through the ______ to the main shaft.
Both A and B
Gear oil can be sent to a local laboratory to be analyzed for _______.
Both A and B
If the axle shafts are being replaced, it is a good practice to replace the ______.
Both A and B
If the bell housing of the transmission is misaligned, the clutch disc will be out of alignment with the ______, which can cause the clutch disc to drag, making it harder for the synchronizers to match the speed for shifting into gear.
Both A and B
Improper or old fluid in the clutch hydraulic system can cause ________ damage.
Both A and B
In a vehicle equipped with a manual transmission; when the driver wants to change gears, he or she ______.
Both A and B
In most cases, manual transmission rebuilders require you to _______.
Both A and B
In the front-wheel drive layout, power is transmitted in a straight line from the engine through the ________ and out to the front axles (half-shafts).
Both A and B
Limited slip differential _______ can result from clutch parts that are worn; in some cases, changing the limited slip lubricating oil fixes the problem.
Both A and B
Oil on the clutch disc friction faces could be caused by:
Both A and B
On some axle designs, shims are used to push against the side bearings to adjust _______.
Both A and B
One indicator of CV joint wear is _______ noises when cornering.
Both A and B
Operating the manual transmission with substantially low lubricating fluid, because it __________, can ruin the transmission long before its time.
Both A and B
Power leaves the transmission/transaxle and flows to the final drive assembly, where it changes directions and flows _______.
Both A and B
Some differential/final drive assemblies, such as _______, require specially designed additives or fluid.
Both A and B
Tech A says that a broken detent spring can cause the transmission to pop out of gear. Tech B says that a broken interlock pin can cause the transmission to go into two gears at the same time? Who is correct?
Both A and B
Tech A says that axle seals are a common source of solid axle fluid leaks. Tech B says that pinion seals are a common source of solid axle fluid leaks. Who is correct?
Both A and B
Tech A says that bearing axial loads are in line with the shaft. Tech B says that bearing radial loads occur because the gears have a tendency to push each other apart as torque is transmitted between them. Who is correct?
Both A and B
Tech A says that broken or worn powertrain mounts can cause a transaxle to have shifting problems. Tech B says that poor shift boot alignment cannot cause a transaxle to jump out of gear. Who is correct?
Both A and B
Tech A says that dead axles allow the wheels to freely rotate on the axle assembly and do not drive the wheels. Tech B says that the ring gear and pinion gear are part of the final drive assembly. Who is correct?
Both A and B
Tech A says that excessive ring gear runout could be the result of debris caught between the ring gear and the differential case during assembly. Tech B says that excessive ring gear runout could indicate bad bearings on the differential case housing. Who is correct?
Both A and B
Tech A says that hot spots on the flywheel are a result of excessive heat. Tech B says that a pulsation in a clutch pedal could be due to uneven clutch pressure plate levers. Who is correct?
Both A and B
Tech A says that if a CV boot is torn, it can typically be replaced without replacing the entire joint or shaft. Tech B says that worn CV joints can make a clicking noise when driving while making a tight turn. Who is correct?
Both A and B
Tech A says that on the full floating axle, there are two tapered roller bearings between the hub and the outside of the axle housing. Tech B says that a semi-floating axle, the axle supports the weight of the vehicle and is also subject to bending forces as the vehicle corners. Who is correct?
Both A and B
Tech A says that some manufacturers specify automatic transmission fluid to be used in their manual transmissions. Tech B says that some manufacturers specify engine oil to be used in their manual transmissions. Who is correct?
Both A and B
Tech A says that the countershaft assembly can be made up of several gears machined out of a single piece of steel. Tech B says that the countershaft assembly is driven by the gear on the input shaft and drives the gears on the main shaft. Who is correct?
Both A and B
Tech A says that the flywheel runout can be checked with a dial indicator. Tech B says that when checking flywheel runout, it is good practice to also check crankshaft end play. Who is correct?
Both A and B
Tech A says that the input shaft normally has to be installed before the main shaft. Tech B says that the countershaft is normally installed before the main shaft. Who is correct?
Both A and B
Tech A says that the pilot bearing can be a needle-style bearing. Tech B says that the pilot bearing can be a brass bushing style. Who is correct?
Both A and B
Technician A states that clutch fluid is often more neglected than brake fluid, so there is a good chance that the clutch fluid needs to be flushed if the vehicle is more than a few years old. Technician B states that the hydraulic clutch lines should be checked for leaks at the master cylinder and the slave cylinder. Who is correct?
Both A and B
The _______ works (along with the clutch linkage) to compress the pressure plate springs when the clutch pedal is pressed.
Both A and B
The crush sleeve provides a means of maintaining a preset torque on the pinion nut, which holds the companion flange while keeping the proper amount of bearing preload so that the pinion gear bearings are not running ______.
Both A and B
The dual mass flywheel has which of the following benefits?
Both A and B
The electronically controlled manual transmission's shift lever itself is not connected to any linkage; rather, it is a(n) ________ to the transmission, and information comes from the control module.
Both A and B
The need for _______ adjustments can be an indicator of washer wear or bearing failure, which causes the shaft to walk back and forth in the case.
Both A and B
The oil slinger inside a manual transmission should be inspected for any defects or damage, such as ________ that may have occurred during the transmission failure that is being addressed.
Both A and B
Transaxle differential noise can be related to ring gear bearings, which could have been damaged by ________.
Both A and B
Transaxle inspection is being discussed. Tech A says that in some cases, a magnet is installed in the case to catch any ferrous metal particles, and it should be inspected. Tech B says that tapping on the gears with a ball-peen hammer and listening for a ringing sound is a good way to determine if a gear is reusable. Who is correct?
Both A and B
Use of a ________ helps ensure proper clutch disc alignment.
Both A and B
When disassembling a differential assembly, if shims are found underneath the _________, they will have to be added to or subtracted from in order to make any necessary adjustments.
Both A and B
A _______in a groove on the outside of the manual transmission bearing can locate each bearing and shaft in the casing, which maintains the alignment of the gears and engagement hubs.
Both B and C
A transmission remains stuck in one gear. Technician A says to check for a stuck detent mechanism. Technician B says to check for a binding synchronizer. Who is correct?
Both Technician A and Technician B
Technician A says that pinion bearing noises remain constant as the vehicle travels straight down the road. Technician B says that differential gears can make whining or popping noises when the vehicle makes turns. Who is correct?
Both Technician A and Technician B
When installing a clutch, Tech A says to evenly seat the pressure plate retaining bolts to the flywheel before final torquing. Tech B says to replace the pilot bearing before reinstalling the flywheel. Who is correct?
Both Techs A and B
All of the following statements referring to limited slip differentials are true except:
helical-geared limited slip differentials do not respond very quickly to changes in traction.
A 4:1 gear ratio results in _______ output torque and _______ output speed than a 2:1 gear ratio.
higher; lower
The dual-clutch transaxle uses electric solenoid valves to:
hydraulically engage each clutch.
All of the following statements with respect to universal joints are true except:
in Hooke's joints, change in the angular velocity increases as the angle of the joint decreases.
Mechanical advantage can be used to generate a larger output force, but it requires a(n):
increase in input distance and speed.
The purpose of the final drive assembly is to:
increase torque from the transmission.
All of the following statements are true with respect to clutch principles except:
increasing the friction of the clutch disc decreases the torque-carrying ability.
In a conventional rear-wheel drive vehicle, the engine and transmission are mounted:
longitudinally at the front.
Leaks from the manual transmission may be caused by all of the following, EXCEPT:
loose shifter linkage.
When performing any kind of service to a manual transmission, the first task would be to:
obtain and read original equipment manufacturer (OEM) service information.
When reassembling a manual transmission, the speedometer gear should be installed on the:
output shaft.
The selective thickness shims are measured with a(n):
outside micrometer.
Before assembling the main shift control shafts, be sure to lubricate them with:
petroleum jelly.
The front section of the two-piece driveshaft is supported at its rear end by a:
pocket bearing
All of the following statements are true except:
pocket bearings are generally not used in rear-wheel drive transmissions.
Continuing to drive a vehicle with insufficient clutch pedal free-play would likely result in:
premature failure of the clutch assembly.
The clamping force to clamp the clutch disc, allowing it to transmit torque, is provided by the:
pressure plate.
In transaxle designs, the drive is transferred through the clutch unit to a:
primary shaft.
All of the following statements with respect to manual transmission are true EXCEPT:
releasing the clutch pedal closes the contacts of the clutch safety switch.
All of the following statements with respect to manual transmission are true except:
releasing the clutch pedal closes the contacts of the clutch safety switch.
When measuring drive axle flange runout, it is necessary to:
remove the wheels and brake rotors or drums.
Limited slip differential chattering can sometimes be corrected easily by:
replacing lubrication oil.
In the final drive assembly, the pinion gear drives the:
ring gear
The driven gear in a final drive assembly is the:
ring gear.
When installing the shift cover gasket, secure it in place by using a few dabs of:
room temperature vulcanizing (RTV) silicone.
A dual-clutch transmission is sometimes referred to as a:
semiautomatic transmission.
Pinion depth is controlled by:
shims
Two _______ gears mesh with the pinions and are recessed in the differential carrier.
side
A blocker ring synchromesh unit is used to:
synchronize the gear and shaft speeds before gear engagement.
All of the following statements are true except:
the clutch fork rotates with the pressure plate.
All of the following statements describing rear-wheel drive systems are true except:
the engine and transmission are transversely mounted at the front.
Constant velocity joints sometimes vibrate because:
the engine cradle assembly is shifted or bent.
All of the following statements are true except:
the helical flutes in the seal prevent the fluid from going back into the transmission.
Backlash clearance is the amount of clearance between:
the ring gear and the pinion gear.
The gear(s) that directly drive the drive axles is/are:
the side gears.
All of the following statements are true except:
the transfer case can only be operated mechanically.
When metal is found floating inside the transmission fluid, the technician knows that:
the transmission will have to be pulled apart or replaced.
As the clutch wears, the friction disc becomes:
thinner.
On front-wheel-drive vehicles, power reaches the front wheels through the:
transaxle
A good place to start when inspecting for synchronizer wear and damage is when the:
transmission fluid is drained from the transmission.
A clutch disc allows engine torque to transmit from the flywheel and pressure plate to the:
transmission input shaft.
When installing any type of seal, it's a good practice to:
use the correct installer so you don't damage it.
All of the following statements with respect to overhauling a transmission are true except:
when in doubt about the reusability of a case component, do not replace it.
A transmission makes excessive noise in all gears except direct drive. This could be caused by:
worn input or countershaft bearings.
If a drive gear has 20 teeth and its driven gear has 40 teeth, what is the mechanical advantage of the gear set?
(2:1)
If a driven gear has 30 teeth and the drive gear has 10 teeth, the gear ratio should be written as ____.
(3:1)
Ratios are normally expressed as the equivalent of the first number to 1; thus, 8 to 2 would be expressed as ___.
(4:1)
In _____, Louis Renault connected an engine to a transmission and created a live rear axle by using a metal axle shaft supported by bushings.
1898
To prevent twisting, the maximum length of a drive shaft is considered to be approximately:
72 inches.
For a gear ratio of 4:1, the output torque is 300 ft-lb. What would be the input torque?
75 ft-lb
In each revolution of a driveshaft, the velocity of the driveshaft yoke changes every ___ degrees due to the angles that the driveshafts are operating on.
90
