map 8
A typical adult hematocrit is ANSWER: 25. 85. 65. 75. 45.
45.
The combination of plasma and formed elements is called ANSWER: packed blood. serum. whole blood. lymph. extracellular fluid.
whole blood.
Which of the following is a function of the blood? ANSWER: transport of body heat defense against toxins and pathogens transport of gases transport of nutrients and wastes All of the answers are correct.
All of the answers are correct.
________ is a condition in which the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood is reduced. ANSWER: Leukopenia Thrombocytopenia Polycythemia Anemia Leukemia
Anemia
A person with a type A positive blood can safely receive blood from all of these donors EXCEPT __________. ANSWER: B positive A positive A negative O positive
B positive
White blood cells that release histamine at the site of an injury are ANSWER: basophils. eosinophils. neutrophils. lymphocytes. monocytes.
basophils
Red blood cells carry __________ to the lungs and __________ to the tissues. ANSWER: nutrients; carbon dioxide oxygen; nutrients oxygen; carbon dioxide carbon dioxide; oxygen
carbon dioxide; oxygen
A substance that activates plasminogen such as t-Pa might be useful to ANSWER: initiate clot formation. cause blood clots to dissolve faster. cause clots to form faster. recruit neutrophils to an infection. mimic heparin.
cause blood clots to dissolve faster.
The common pathway in coagulation ends with __________. ANSWER: conversion of soluble fibrinogen to insoluble fibrin positive feedback of thrombin formation adhesion of platelets to a damaged vessel wall release of PF-3
conversion of soluble fibrinogen to insoluble fibrin
The process of fibrinolysis ANSWER: dissolves clots. forms thrombi. draws torn edges of damaged tissue closer together. forms emboli. activates fibrinogen.
dissolves clots.
Which of these phases is NOT part of hemostasis? ANSWER: erythropoiesis phase coagulation phase platelet phase vascular phase
erythropoiesis phase
The process of red blood cell production is called ANSWER: hematopenia. hemocytosis. erythropoiesis. erythrocytosis. erythropenia.
erythropoiesis.
Each heme ring in hemoglobin encloses an atom of ANSWER: calcium. copper. iron. magnesium. sodium.
iron.
Which organ secretes most of the plasma proteins? ANSWER: kidney liver heart pancreas brain
liver
Which of the following combinations may result in the hemolytic disease of the newborn? ANSWER: mother Rh positive, baby Rh negative mother type A+, baby type O+ mother Rh negative, baby Rh negative mother Rh negative, baby Rh positive None of the answers is correct.
mother Rh negative, baby Rh positive
During a bacterial infection you would expect to see increased numbers of ANSWER: thrombocytes. eosinophils. reticulocytes. basophils. neutrophils.
neutrophils.
The level of erythropoietin in the blood would rise due to all of the following except ANSWER: anemia. periods of fasting. as a consequence of hemorrhage. when blood flow to the kidneys is disrupted. high altitude.
periods of fasting.
The function of platelets is to assist in the ANSWER: transport of blood gases such as oxygen. process called hemostasis. removal of worn out red blood cells. immune response during an infection. destruction of bacteria.
process called hemostasis.
The chief difference between plasma and interstitial fluid involves the concentration of ANSWER: glucose. proteins. electrolytes. nitrogen wastes. water.
proteins.
All the circulating red blood cells in an adult originate in the ANSWER: spleen. thymus. lymph tissue. red bone marrow. heart.
red bone marrow.
Aged and damaged erythrocytes are broken down by macrophages in the ANSWER: spleen. liver. digestive tract. bone marrow. spleen, liver, and bone marrow.
spleen, liver, and bone marrow.
How would removal of calcium ions from a blood sample affect coagulation? ANSWER: Coagulation would occur only in Rh positive individuals. More blood cells would be produced. The coagulation pathway would be more sensitive to activation. There would be no important effect because magnesium can substitute for calcium. Coagulation would be prevented.
Coagulation would be prevented.
Type AB blood has which of the following characteristics? ANSWER: RBCs have no surface antigens and both anti-A and anti-B antibodies in the plasma. RBCs have the A and the B surface antigens and the plasma has anti-A and anti-B antibodies. RBCs have both the A & B surface antigens and no ABO plasma antibodies. RBCs have the Rh positive antigens and the anti-D plasma antibodies. RBCs have the A antigen and the plasma has the anti-B antibody.
RBCs have both the A & B surface antigens and no ABO plasma antibodies.
Which of the following statements about blood is false? ANSWER: Blood is about 55 percent plasma. Blood is more viscous than water. Cells in blood comprise the formed elements. The normal pH of blood is 6.8 to 7.0. Blood contains buffers that control pH.
The normal pH of blood is 6.8 to 7.0.
Which of the following is NOT a feature of RBC morphology? ANSWER: a large surface area-to-volume ratio ability to form stacks known as rouleaux a convex shape allowing for more efficient transport of oxygen ability to bend and flex when entering capillaries
a convex shape allowing for more efficient transport of oxygen
The disease sickle cell anemia is an example of what can happen if ANSWER: the diet is deficient in iron. red blood cells bind too much oxygen. there is insufficient heme in the hemoglobin. hemolysis is prevented by a mutated gene. a gene for adult hemoglobin is abnormal.
a gene for adult hemoglobin is abnormal.
Mary is tested for the amount of hemoglobin in her blood. The test results indicate that her hemoglobin level is 16 g/dL of blood. This value indicates that ANSWER: she has fewer red blood cells than normal. she may be suffering from a form of leukemia. she is suffering from anemia. her hemoglobin level is normal. her hematocrit is probably lower than normal.
her hemoglobin level is normal.
Proteins in the blood for defense are called ANSWER: fibrinogens. hemosiderins. immunoglobulins. albumins. ferritins.
immunoglobulins.