Math 1 Vocabulary

Uniform motion

A body is said to be in uniform motion if it moves in a straight line at constant speed

Ratio

A comparison of two numbers is a Ratio

Equation

A formula of the form A = B, where A and B are expressions that may contain one or several variables called unknowns, and "=" denotes the equality binary relation or an equation

Function Rule

A function r is a relationship in math between two variables, often x and y, and for every value of x there is exactly one value of y. The x value is referred to as the independent variable and the y as the dependent variable.Function Rule

Exponential Function

A function that can be described by an equation of the form y= a*b^x, where b > 0 and b ≠ 1 is Exponential Function

Exponent

A mathematical notation that implies the number of times a number is to be multiplied by itself is called an exponent.

Relation

A set of input and output values, usually represented in ordered pairs, refers to a Relation.

Inductive reasoning

A type of logic in which generalizations are based on a large number of specific observations.Inductive reasoning

Independent Variable

A variable in an equation, whose values make up the domain. Independent Variable

Variable

A variable is an alphabetic character representing a number

Dependent Variable

A variable whose value depends on the values of one or more independent variables.

Whole Numbers

Also called counting number. one of the positive integers or zero; any of the numbers (0, 1, 2, 3,...) Whole Numbers

Identity

An equation which is true for every value of the variable and defines its identity

Conjecture

An inference based upon guesswork; a supposition a Conjecture

Geometric Sequence

Geometric Sequence in which each term is found by multiplying the previous term by the same number. uses the formula a(r)to the power of (n-1)

Base

In an expression of the form xy, x is the base. The base x is a factor that repeats y times

Slope-intercept form

It is simply the way of writing the equation of a line in Slope-intercept form so that the slope(steepness) and y-intercept (where the line crosses the vertical y-axis) are immediately apparent

Perpendicular Lines

Lines that are at right angles (90°) to each other and perpendicular

Domain

Of a relation is the set of all x-coordinates of the ordered pairs of that relation.Domain

Consecutive Integers

One after the other where integers are consecutive

Point Slope Form

Point Slope Form is the equation of a straight line in the form y − y1 = m(x − x1) where m is the slope of the line and (x1, y1) are the coordinates of a given point on the line

Iteration

Process of a function composing itself immediately. Iteration

Evaluate

The process of replacing the variables in an expression with the numerical values and simplifying it is known as evaluating an algebraic expression

Distributive Property

The product of a number and a sum is equal to the sum of the individual products of the addends and the number and its disributed

Unit Rate

The ratio of two measurements in which the second term is 1.Unit Rate

Negative Reciprocals

The result of taking the reciprocal of a number and then changing the sign resulting in a

Solution of systems of linear equations

The solution to systems of linear equations will be either a point, no solution, or infinitely many solutions.Solution of systems of linear equations

substitution method

The substitution method is used to eliminate one of the variables by replacement when solving a system of equations, substitution method

Degree of a monomial

The sum of the exponents of the variables of a monomial Degree of a monomial

Systems of linear equations

Two or more equations that when graphed meet at a point in a Systems of linear equations

Square root

a number that produces a specified quantity when multiplied by itself.: "7 is a square root of 49"

Linear Equations

an equation of the form Ax + By = C, where A ≠ 0 and B ≠ 0. The graph of a linear equation is a straight line

Velocity

the speed of something in a given direction.Velocity

x-intercept

The x-coordinate of the point where a line intersects the x-axis is the x-intercept of that line

Inequaliy

A mathematical sentence that uses symbols such as <, ≤,="">, or ≥ to compare two quantities, such as an inequality.

Vertical Line Test

A test used to determine whether a relation is a function or not. A graph is said to be a function if the vertical line test passes

Growth Factor

1 plus the percent rate of change for an exponential growth situation. Growth Factor

Algebraic expression

An algebraic expression built up from constants, variables, and the algebraic operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and exponentiation by an exponent that is a rational number)

Proportion

An equation written in the form of a/b = c/d stating that two ratios are equivalent.Proportion

Formula

An expression or equation that expresses the relationship between certain quantities in a formula

Exponential Growth

Growth pattern in which the individuals in a population reproduce at a constant rate in its Exponential Growth

Constant of Variation

If a quantity x is proportional (directly) to another quantity y, then x is written as x = ky, where k is called the Constant of Proportionality(Constant of Variation).

Compound Interest

Interests are compound earned on both the initial principal and the interest reinvested from prior periods

Real Numbers

a rational number or the limit of a sequence of rational numbers, as opposed to a complex number Real Numbers

Function

a relationship or expression involving one or more variables.Function

Arithmetic Sequence

a sequence in which each term is found by adding the same number to the previous term uses the formula a(sub)n=a(sub)1+d(n-1) Arithmetic Sequence.

Systems of Linear Inequalities

a set of linear inequalities that you deal with all at once. Usually you start off with two or three linear inequalities. Systems of Linear Inequalities

Power

an Exponent tells how many times a number is multiplied by itself and its raised to a power.

Standard form of a Literal Equation

an algebraic equation in which each term is either a constant or the product of a constant and (the first power of) a single variable, Standard form of a Literal Equation.

Explicit Formula

finding the value of a term when you don't know the preceding term; defines the nth term of a sequence as a function of n or Explicit Formula

Decay Factor

the expression (1 - r) in the exponential decay model y = a(1 - r)t or Decay Factor

Fibonacci Sequence

the infinite sequence of numbers(1,1,2,3,5,8,13,...);starting with the third terms, each number is the sum of the two previous numbers; it is named after the thirteenth century mathematical Leonardo Fibonacci

Absolute Value

the magnitude of a real number,Absolute Value, without regard to its sign

Slope

the measure of steepness of a line is it's slope

Natural Numbers/Counting

the number 1 and any other number obtained by adding 1 to it repeatedly. Natural Numbers

Cube Root

the number that produces a given number when cubed. ex: 327 3x3x3=27 3 is a cube root of 27

Common Ratio

the ratio of a term in a geometric sequence with the previous term is Common Ratio

Compound Inequalities

two or more simple inequalities joined by the terms 'and' or 'or' called compound inequalities

Constant

A number on its own, or sometimes a letter such as a, b or c to stand for a fixed number such as a constant

Trinomial

A polynomial with three terms

Binomial

A polynomial with two terms

Sequence

A sequence of numbers in a specific order.

Weighted Average

A set of data is the sum of the product of each number in the set and its weight divided by the sum of all the weight is its Weighted Average

Interest Period

The length of time over which interest is calculated is its Interest Period

Linear Inequality

an inequality which involves a linear function.

Rational numbers

capable of being expressed exactly by a ratio of two integers. ex: ⅗ rational numbers

Scientific Notation

A way of writing numbers that are too big or too small to be conveniently written in decimal form in a Scientific Notation

Recursive Formula

Recursive Formula Refers back to previous terms to determine the current term. The first term (or more) must be defined

Degree of a Polynomial

The greatest of the degrees of its terms after it has been simplified Degree of a Polynomial

Range

The set of all output values or the y-values of a function is its Range

Function Notation

We write f (x) to mean the function whose input is x.Function Notation

Standard form of a Polynomial

a polynomial that is written with the terms in order from greatest degree to least degree.

Literal Equations

an equation where variables represent known values. Used to represent things like distance, time, interest, and slope very literal like Dan.

Point Slope Form

lines in a plane which do not meet; that is, two lines in a plane that do not intersect or touch at any point are said to be parallel

Irrational numbers

not capable of being expressed exactly as a ratio of two integers. ex: π Irrational numbers

Integers

one of the positive or negative numbers 1, 2, 3, etc., or zero. ex -8 Integers

Term

A mathematical expression which may form a separable part of an equation, a series, or another expression, or term

Open sentence

A mathematical sentence that contains one or more variables is sometimes called an open sentence.

Polynomial

A monomial or more than one monomials

Monomial

A number, a variable, or a product of a number and one or more variables Monomial

Coefficient

A term in an expression is the number which is multiplied by one or more variables or powers of variables in the term coefficent

Like Terms

Monomials that contain the same variables raised to the same powers. They can be combined to form a single term because they are like terms

Solution of System of Linear Inequality

The "solution" of the system is the region where all the inequalities are happy; that is, the solution is where all the inequalities work, the region where all three individual solution regions overlap. Solution of System of Linear Inequality

y-intercept

The y-coordinate of the point where a line intersects the y-axis is the y-intercept of that line

Simplify

To reduce mathematical expression to simpler terms or simplify : to convert a mathematical expression such as a fraction or equation to a simpler form by removing common factors or regrouping elements

Elimination Method

To solve a system of equations by elimination we transform the system such that one variable "cancels out" Elimination Method

Direct Variation

Two quantities are said to be in direct proportion (or directly variation), if one is a constant multiple of the other, i.e. y is said to be directly proportional to x if y = kx where k is a constant.