MB Chap 6 Activities

Which of the following is oxidized during cellular respiration?

glucose

Which of the following describes cellular respiration?

Oxidation and reduction (redox) reactions are involved in cellular respiration.

What is the role of oxygen in cellular respiration?

Oxygen accepts high-energy electrons after they are stripped from glucose.

For each glucose that enters glycolysis, _____ NADH enter the electron transport chain.

10

ATP synthase attaches phosphate groups to ADP molecules to generate ATP.

ATP synthase attaches phosphate groups to ADP molecules to generate ATP.

Which of these is NOT a product of glycolysis?

FADH2;; is a product of the citric acid cycle.

A glucose molecule is completely broken down upon completion of glycolysis and the citric acid cycle. However, these two processes yield only a few ATPs. What other energy carrier(s) that can be used to synthesize more ATPS is/are also generated during these processes?

NADH and FADH2

During electron transport, energy from _____ is used to pump hydrogen ions into the _____.

NADH and FADH2 ... intermembrane space

Which of these enters the citric acid cycle (also called the Krebs cycle)?

acetyl CoA

Which of these is NOT a product of the citric acid cycle (also called the Krebs cycle)?

acetyl CoA

Chemical reactions that require oxygen are called _____ while those that do not require oxygen are considered _____.

aerobic ... anaerobic

The compounds needed for photosynthesis are __________ and __________.

carbon dioxide ... water

Where in a cell does glycolysis occur?

cytosol

Unlike the Citric Acid cycle and electron transport, glycolysis occurs _____.

in the cytoplasm

The proximate (immediate) source of energy for oxidative phosphorylation is _____.

kinetic energy that is released as hydrogen ions diffuse down their concentration gradient

In muscle cells, fermentation produces _____.

lactate and NAD+

Which of the following is an autotroph?

magnolia tree

_____ is a chemical process that uses light energy from the sun to build organic molecules.

photosynthesis

Because plants can do photosynthesis, they are called _____.

producers

What is/are the most important output(s) of glycolysis?

two pyruvic acid and two NADH molecules

An important end product of cellular respiration is __________.

water

In glycolysis there is a net gain of _____ ATP.

2

In the absence of oxygen the net gain of ATP for each glucose molecule during glycolysis is approximately __________.

2 ATP

How many NADH are produced by glycolysis?

2

The main function of cellular respiration is __________.

making ATP to power cell activities

NADH and FADH 2 are important in cellular respiration because they deliver high-energy electrons to the electron transport system. Electron transport produces _____ ATP molecule(s) per NADH molecule and _____ ATP molecules(s) perFADH 2 molecule.

three ... two

In electron transport, high-energy electrons "fall" to oxygen through a series of reactions. The energy released is used to _____.

transport protons into the intermembrane space of the mitochondria, where they become concentrated. They then flow back out into the the inner compartment (matrix) of the mitochodria. On the way back, protons turn ATP synthase turbines and produce ATP.

In glycolysis, what starts the process of glucose breakdown?

ATP

Which of the following molecules forms a bond with the acetic acid produced from pyruvic acid and helps it to enter the first reaction of the citric acid cycle?

CoA

Which of the following statements is true about the way cells shuttle electrons from one molecule to another during cellular respiration?

Electrons are added to NAD+, which then carries the electrons to another electron acceptor.

What is the name of the process in which pyruvic acid is converted to lactic acid?

fermentation

Most of the ATP production during cellular respiration occurs __________.

from activity of the ATP synthase machine

_____ is used as food and _____ is produced as a waste in the overall process of cellular respiration.

glucose ... carbon dioxide

Glycolysis is the multi-step breakdown of _____. Several different _____ play a role in this process.

glucose ... enzymes

In cellular respiration, most ATP molecules are produced by _____.

oxidative phosphorylation

A process is referred to as aerobic if it requires ________.

oxygen

Aerobic metabolism always requires _____.

oxygen

The final electron acceptor of cellular respiration is _____.

oxygen

Cellular respiration requires fuel (glucose) and oxygen gas. The main process that produces these inputs is _____.

photosynthesis

In the citric acid cycle (also called the Krebs cycle), ATP molecules are produced by _____.

substrate-level phosphorylation

In glycolysis, ATP molecules are produced by _____.

substrate-level phosphorylation;A phosphate group is transferred from glyceraldehyde phosphate to ADP.

Which part(s) of cellular respiration require(s) oxygen gas?

the Citric Acid cycle the electron transport chain glycolysis a, b, and c >>>a and b, but not c

Cellular respiration accomplishes two major processes: (1) it breaks glucose down into smaller molecules, and (2) it harvests the chemical energy released and stores it in ATP molecules. By the end of _____, the breakdown of glucose is complete; most ATPmolecules are produced during _____.

the Citric Acid cycle ... electron transport

Which part(s) of cellular respiration take(s) place in the mitochondria?

the Citric Acid cycleand the electron transport chain

Examine the figure above. Most of the mass of the tree shown in the figure comes from ________.

the air

The electron transport chain is a series of electron carrier molecules. Where are these molecules located in eukaryotic cells?

the inner membrane of the mitochondria