McGraw Hill Connect Chapter 3: Ionic Compound

Metals that can form cations with variable charge are typically found in which of the following areas of the periodic table?

Group 4A Transition metals

Na+ occurs in high concentration in the extracellular fluids outside of cells. Which other metal ion occurs in high concentration in the extracellular fluids?

Ca2+

Which of the following formulas represent polyatomic ions?

H3O+ O22-

Give the correct, systematic name for the compound Fe2(SO3)3. (Type one word per space and do not capitalize.)

ferric sulfite

Fill in the blanks to provide the correct name for each ion below. Include the element name and charge where appropriate. Do not capitalize the element name.

calcium aluminium iron , ferric lead , plumbic

A certain neutral atom has the electronic configuration 1s22s22p63s23p1. What is the charge of its stable ion?

3+

The ammonium ion contains one nitrogen atom, _______ hydrogen atoms, and has a charge of _______.

4 1

Match each element with the predicted charge of its ion.

A nonmetal in group 6A : -2 A metal in group 4A : variable charge (both +2 and +4) A metal in group 1A : +1 A halogen element : -1

Give the formula for each of the compounds below. iron(III) chloride tin(IV) oxide mercury(II) sulfide

Blank 1: FeCl3 Blank 2: SnO2 Blank 3: HgS

Which of the following statements correctly describe chemical bonding? Select all that apply.

Bonding always forms a species that is more stable than the atoms from which it is made. Only the valence electrons of an atom are involved in bonding.

Which image best represents the arrangement of ions in an ionic compound?

C

What is the correct formula for the hydronium ion?

H3O+

Match each ionic compound to the consumer product in which it can be commonly found.

Potassium iodide : Added to table salt Zinc oxide : Sunscreen Sodium fluoride : Toothpaste

Which of the elements below have variable charge (that is, they can typically form more than one type of cation)?

Sn Fe

Give the correct, systematic name for each ion below.

barium cesium cuprous stannous

Match each name of a charged or uncharged particle to its description.

cation - a chemical species with more protons than electrons anion - a chemical species with more electrons than protons neutral atom - a chemical species with equal numbers of protons and electrons

Ionic compounds generally have _____ boiling points and _____ melting points.

high; high

When forming ions, main group elements will gain or lose electrons so as to have eight electrons in the outermost shell. This is an illustration of the _____ rule.

octet

The names of several anions that contain sulfur are given below. Match each name with its correct formula.

sulfate : SO42- bisulfate : HSO4- sulfite : SO32- sulfide : S2-

In_______ bonds, electrons are transferred from one element to another to form charged particles, which then attract each other. In_______ bonds, electrons are shared between two atoms.

ionic covalent

Classify the following substances as ionic or covalent.

CH4 : covalent FeCl3 : ionic Cl2 : covalent

Which statements are correct with regard to writing formulas for ionic compounds?

Cations and anions combine in a 1:1 ratio when their charges are of the same magnitude. When the charges of the two ions are unequal in magnitude, the charges of the ions must be used to determine the subscripts in the formula. The sum of the charges of all ions must equal zero.

Give the charge of the stable ion formed by each of the following.

2+ 3+

Which of the following statements accurately describe polyatomic ions?

A polyatomic ion is a cation or anion that contains more than one atom. The atoms in a polyatomic ion are connected by covalent bonds.

Match each type of chemical bonding to its definition.

Ionic bond - Electrical attraction resulting from a transfer of electrons Covalent bond - Sharing of electrons between two atoms

Which of the following are accurate descriptions of ionic compounds?

Ionic compounds, such as sodium chloride, exist in an orderly crystal lattice. The sum of the charges of the cations and anions must be zero overall.

Match the symbol of each ion to its description.

La3+ - 57 protons and 54 electrons I- - 53 protons and 54 electrons Cs+ - 55 protons and 54 electrons La+ - 57 protons and 56 electrons

Which of the following statements correctly describe the formation of ions? Select all that apply.

Main group metals typically form ions with a noble gas electronic configuration. Group 6A nonmetals form -2 ions.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of most ionic compounds? Multiple choice question.

Relatively low boiling point

True or false: In writing the formula of an ionic compound, cations and anions must combine in a ratio such that the sum of all charges in the formula equals zero.

True

When is a Roman numeral used in the name of an ionic compound?

When the cation is a metal that can have a variable charge

Positively charged ions are called cations _______ while negatively charged ions are called _______.

cations anions

In bonding, atoms typically ___,___, or ___ electrons to attain the electronic configuration of the nearest noble gas in the periodic table.

gain, lose, share

The tendency of atoms to gain or lose electrons so as to have eight electrons in their outermost shell is known as the ______.

octet rule

The names of several anions that contain sulfur are given below. Match each name with its correct formula.

sulfate ; SO42- bisulfate ; HSO4- sulfite ; SO32- sulfide ; S2-

The electronic configurations of neutral atoms are given. Match each electronic configuration of the neutral atoms with the charge of its monatomic ion.

1s22s1 : +1 1s22s22p5 : -1 1s22s22p63s2 : +2

Chlorine typically forms an ion with a charge of -1. Which elements below are likely to form ions with the same charge as chlorine?

I F

Which of the following are steps in deriving the formula of an ionic compound from its name?

Identify the cation and anion, and determine their charges. Decide how many units of each ion are needed to balance the charges and make a neutral compound.

Which of the following pairs of elements would be expected to form ions with the same charge? Select all that apply.

Na and Li O and Se

What is the ion symbol for an atom with 11 protons and 10 electrons?

Na+

Making a neutral ionic compound of ammonium ions and carbonate ions requires ____ ammonium ion(s) for every ___ carbonate ion(s).

2 1

Place subscripts in the blanks to give the correct formula for aluminum sulfide.

2 3

True or false: When a nonmetal forms an anion, the name of the anion is the same as the element from which it was formed.

False

When are parentheses used in writing the formula of an ionic compound?

When a subscript must be used with a polyatomic ion

Which of the following formulas of compounds containing polyatomic ions are correctly written?

- (NH4)3PO4 - MgSO3

What suffix is used when naming an anion formed from a nonmetal?

-ide

Correctly order the steps used in naming an ionic compound with a given formula.

1. Determine the charge on the cation 2. Name the cation, if necessary using a Roman numeral to indicate its charge. 3. Name the anion. 4. Write the name of the ionic compound by writing the name of the cation first, then the anion.

In which consumer product would potassium chloride (KCl) be found?

Potassium supplement

Which of the following formulas represent ionic compounds?

MgO K2O

In ionic compounds, metals form _______, whereas nonmetals form _______. For a main group element, the charge of its ion can be determined from the _______ number.

cations anions group

Correctly order the steps followed in writing the formula of an ionic compound containing a polyatomic ion.

1. Identify the formulas and charges of the cation and anion. 2. Determine how many of each ion type is needed to make a neutral compound. 3. Place the cation first in the formula, followed by the anion. 4. If more than one unit of a polyatomic ion is needed, place parentheses around the polyatomic ion. 5. Add subscripts to indicate how many of each ion will be present in the formula.

Which of these ions are important to processes within the human body?

Cl- Fe2+ Na+

Which of the following statements correctly describe chemical bonding? Select all that apply.

Only the valence electrons of an atom are involved in bonding. Bonding always forms a species that is more stable than the atoms from which it is made.

Give the correct, systematic name for the compound Mg3N2.

magnesium nitrate

Which of the following descriptions are characteristic of metals, and which belong to nonmetals? __________ form cations in ionic compounds. __________ form anions in ionic compounds. For main group _________, the ion charge is typically the group number.

metals nonmetals metals

What is the name of the polyatomic ion with the formula NO2-? Do not capitalize your answer.

nitrite ion

Which of the chemical formulas below appear with their correct, systematic names?

potassium oxide, K2O sodium hydride, NaH