Med Surg Chapter 61
TEN
A potentially fatal skin disorder
Permethrin
A prescription scabicide
Gel
A semisolid emulsion that becomes liquid when applied to the skin or scalp
Lidex
A topical corticosteroid with medium to high potency
The nurse is assessing a patient with TEN. what assessment data would indicate that the patient may be progressing to keratoconjunctivitis? (Select all that apply)
- Pruritus of the eyes - Burning of the eyes - Dryness of the eyes
What should the nurse assess or to determine if a patient using corticosteroids for a dermatologic condition is having local side effects? (Select all that apply)
- Skin atrophy - Striae - Telangiectasia
A patient has a moisture-retentive dressing for the treatment of a sacral decubitus ulcer. How long should the nurse leave the dressing in place before replacing it?
12 to 24 hours
The nurse is changing the dressing of a chronic wound. There is no sign of infection or heavy drainage. How long will the nurse leave the wound covered for?
48 to 72 hours
Name the potential complications of Stevens Johnson Syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis:
Keratoconjuctivitis, sepsis, and multiple organ disfunction syndrome are potential complications of TENS and SJS.
Carbuncle
Localized skin infection involving hair follicles
Furuncle
Localized skin infection involving only 1 hair follicle
Liniments
Lotions with added oil to soften skin
Describe why moisture retentive dressings are efficient at removing exudate:
Moisture retentive dressing have high moisture vapor transmission rate. Some dressings even have reservoirs to hold excessive exudate
Tinea
Most common fungal infection of skin or scalp
Xerosis
Overly dry skin
There are three types of wound dressings:
Passive, interactive, active
A patient is being treated for chronic venous stasis ulcers of the lower extremities. what medicating ors the nurse understand will increase peripheral blood flow by decreasing the viscosity of blood and assist with the healing of the ulcers?
Pentoxifylline (trental)
List four major objectives of therapy for patient with dermatologic problems:
Prevent additional damage, prevent secondary infection, revise the inflammatory process, and relieve symptoms.
A patient is diagnosed with psoriasis after developing scales o the scalp, elbows, and behind the knees. the patient asks the nurse where this was "caught" What is the best response by the nurse?
Psoriasis is an inflammatory dermatosis that results from a overproduction of keratin.
The nurse is assessing a patient for psoriatic lesions after treatment with a non steroidal cream. What type of lesion does the nurse know is characteristic of psoriasis?
Red, raised patch covered with silver scales
Scabies is an infestation of the skin by the itch mite
Sarcoptes scabiei
A patient is complaining of severe itching that intensifies at night. The nurse decides to assess the skin using a magnifying glass and penlight to look for the "itch mite" What skin condition does the nurse anticipate finding?
Scabies
There are three types of therapy indicated for the treatment of psoriasis:
Topical, phototherapy, systemic
The most common skin condition in adolescents and young adults between the ages of 12 and 35 years is _________
acne
Corticosteroids are widely used in treating dermatologic conditions to provide ___________ , _________________, and ____________.
anti-inflammatory, antipruritic, vasconstrictive
Pemphigus vulgaris is an ___________ disease in which the immunoglobulin (IgG) antibody is directed against a specific cell surface antigen in epidermal cells
autoimmune
A patient is being evaluated for nodular cystic acne. What systemic pharmacologic agent may be prescribed for the treatment of this disorder?
Accutane
The nurse is caring for a patient with extensive bullous lesions not eh trunk and back. Prior to initiating skin care, what is a priority for the nurse to do?
Administer analgesic pain medication
The nurse is instructing the patient in how to apply a corticosteroid cream to lesions on the arm. What intervention can the nurse instruct the patient to do to increase the absorption of the medication?
Apply an occlusive dressing over the site after application
A patient is diagnosed with seborrheic dermatitis on the face and is prescribed a corticosteroid preparation for use. What should the nurse educate the patient about regarding use of the steroid on the face?
Avoid using the medication around the eyelids because it may cause cataracts and glaucoma
Pyodermas
Bacterial skin infections
A patient has developed boil on the face and nurse observes the patient squeezing the boil. what does the nurse understand is a potential severe complication of this manipulation?
Brain abscess
How do cytokines work?
Cytokines are proteins with mitogenic activity that release increased amounts of growth factors into a wound. This process stimulates cells growth and granulation of skin.
Autolytic _________ is a process that uses the body's own digestive enzymes to break down necrotic tissue.
Debridement
Cheilitis
Dry crackling skin at corners of the mouth
The nurse should assess all possible causes of pruritus for a patient complaint of generalized pruritus. what does the nurse understand can be other causes for this condition?
End stage kidney disease
The patent is advised to apply a suspension type lotion to a dermatosis site. the nurse should advise the patient to apply the lotion how often to be effective?
Every 3 hours
The nurse is applying foam dressing to an exudative sacral decubitus ulcer. After application of the foam dressing, what is important that the nurse do?
Foam dressings are non adherent, thus the nurse must apply a secondary dressing to keep them in place.
___________________ is an important principle of psoriasis treatment
Gentle removal of the scales
__________ is the leading cause of death in people with blistering diseases
Infection
Famvir
An antiviral agent used to treat herpes zoster
Santyl
An enzymatic debriding agent
Scabies
An infestation caused by the itch mite
Comedone
Primary lesion of acne
Bullous impetigo, a deep seated infection characterized by large, fluid filled blisters, in caused by the bacteria
Staphlococcus aureus
The main secretory function of the skins performed by the _______________, which help regulate body temperature.
Sweat glands