Med Surg Chapter 61

TEN

A potentially fatal skin disorder

Permethrin

A prescription scabicide

Gel

A semisolid emulsion that becomes liquid when applied to the skin or scalp

Lidex

A topical corticosteroid with medium to high potency

The nurse is assessing a patient with TEN. what assessment data would indicate that the patient may be progressing to keratoconjunctivitis? (Select all that apply)

- Pruritus of the eyes - Burning of the eyes - Dryness of the eyes

What should the nurse assess or to determine if a patient using corticosteroids for a dermatologic condition is having local side effects? (Select all that apply)

- Skin atrophy - Striae - Telangiectasia

A patient has a moisture-retentive dressing for the treatment of a sacral decubitus ulcer. How long should the nurse leave the dressing in place before replacing it?

12 to 24 hours

The nurse is changing the dressing of a chronic wound. There is no sign of infection or heavy drainage. How long will the nurse leave the wound covered for?

48 to 72 hours

Name the potential complications of Stevens Johnson Syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis:

Keratoconjuctivitis, sepsis, and multiple organ disfunction syndrome are potential complications of TENS and SJS.

Carbuncle

Localized skin infection involving hair follicles

Furuncle

Localized skin infection involving only 1 hair follicle

Liniments

Lotions with added oil to soften skin

Describe why moisture retentive dressings are efficient at removing exudate:

Moisture retentive dressing have high moisture vapor transmission rate. Some dressings even have reservoirs to hold excessive exudate

Tinea

Most common fungal infection of skin or scalp

Xerosis

Overly dry skin

There are three types of wound dressings:

Passive, interactive, active

A patient is being treated for chronic venous stasis ulcers of the lower extremities. what medicating ors the nurse understand will increase peripheral blood flow by decreasing the viscosity of blood and assist with the healing of the ulcers?

Pentoxifylline (trental)

List four major objectives of therapy for patient with dermatologic problems:

Prevent additional damage, prevent secondary infection, revise the inflammatory process, and relieve symptoms.

A patient is diagnosed with psoriasis after developing scales o the scalp, elbows, and behind the knees. the patient asks the nurse where this was "caught" What is the best response by the nurse?

Psoriasis is an inflammatory dermatosis that results from a overproduction of keratin.

The nurse is assessing a patient for psoriatic lesions after treatment with a non steroidal cream. What type of lesion does the nurse know is characteristic of psoriasis?

Red, raised patch covered with silver scales

Scabies is an infestation of the skin by the itch mite

Sarcoptes scabiei

A patient is complaining of severe itching that intensifies at night. The nurse decides to assess the skin using a magnifying glass and penlight to look for the "itch mite" What skin condition does the nurse anticipate finding?

Scabies

There are three types of therapy indicated for the treatment of psoriasis:

Topical, phototherapy, systemic

The most common skin condition in adolescents and young adults between the ages of 12 and 35 years is _________

acne

Corticosteroids are widely used in treating dermatologic conditions to provide ___________ , _________________, and ____________.

anti-inflammatory, antipruritic, vasconstrictive

Pemphigus vulgaris is an ___________ disease in which the immunoglobulin (IgG) antibody is directed against a specific cell surface antigen in epidermal cells

autoimmune

A patient is being evaluated for nodular cystic acne. What systemic pharmacologic agent may be prescribed for the treatment of this disorder?

Accutane

The nurse is caring for a patient with extensive bullous lesions not eh trunk and back. Prior to initiating skin care, what is a priority for the nurse to do?

Administer analgesic pain medication

The nurse is instructing the patient in how to apply a corticosteroid cream to lesions on the arm. What intervention can the nurse instruct the patient to do to increase the absorption of the medication?

Apply an occlusive dressing over the site after application

A patient is diagnosed with seborrheic dermatitis on the face and is prescribed a corticosteroid preparation for use. What should the nurse educate the patient about regarding use of the steroid on the face?

Avoid using the medication around the eyelids because it may cause cataracts and glaucoma

Pyodermas

Bacterial skin infections

A patient has developed boil on the face and nurse observes the patient squeezing the boil. what does the nurse understand is a potential severe complication of this manipulation?

Brain abscess

How do cytokines work?

Cytokines are proteins with mitogenic activity that release increased amounts of growth factors into a wound. This process stimulates cells growth and granulation of skin.

Autolytic _________ is a process that uses the body's own digestive enzymes to break down necrotic tissue.

Debridement

Cheilitis

Dry crackling skin at corners of the mouth

The nurse should assess all possible causes of pruritus for a patient complaint of generalized pruritus. what does the nurse understand can be other causes for this condition?

End stage kidney disease

The patent is advised to apply a suspension type lotion to a dermatosis site. the nurse should advise the patient to apply the lotion how often to be effective?

Every 3 hours

The nurse is applying foam dressing to an exudative sacral decubitus ulcer. After application of the foam dressing, what is important that the nurse do?

Foam dressings are non adherent, thus the nurse must apply a secondary dressing to keep them in place.

___________________ is an important principle of psoriasis treatment

Gentle removal of the scales

__________ is the leading cause of death in people with blistering diseases

Infection

Famvir

An antiviral agent used to treat herpes zoster

Santyl

An enzymatic debriding agent

Scabies

An infestation caused by the itch mite

Comedone

Primary lesion of acne

Bullous impetigo, a deep seated infection characterized by large, fluid filled blisters, in caused by the bacteria

Staphlococcus aureus

The main secretory function of the skins performed by the _______________, which help regulate body temperature.

Sweat glands