Membrane Potential #1

ICF

A- proteins are always found in the ___

-70mv

resting membrane potential (the combination of both)

sodium potassium pump

sodium and potassium are kept in place of location due to the ____ ____ ______

3 Na ions, 2 K ions

the Na/K pump transports ____ out of the cell for every ____ pumped into the cell

ECF, ICF

the ____ ends up with more positive charged ions than the ____

chemical

the ____ gradient is stronger

concentration gradient/ electrical gradient

the _____ ____ wants to move sodium ions into the cell. the ____ _____ wants to move sodium out of the cell

sodium, potassium, proteins

the ions in the selective plasma membrane are mostly ____, ____, and negatively charges intracellular ______

nerve, muscle

the membrane potential produces _____ impulses and ____ cell contractions

-90mv (the negative means the "inside")

the membrane potential when potassium is at equilibrium

-70mv

the resting potential of a nerve cell is about _____ *****important

membrane potential

the separation of opposite charges on either side of the plasma membrane that have potential to do work. very important for the body to work

antions/cations

there are different amounts of ____/_____ in the ECF/ICF

opposing forces

___ ____ also work on sodium ions

work

___ must be performed to keep different charges apart

negative

___ sign means ICF more negative than ECF

secretory cells

____ _____ might use membrane potentials to alter secretions

resting membrane potential

____ ______ _____ exists in non-excitable cells and excitable cells at rest

sodium, potassium, leak channels

____ and _____ are able to passively diffuse (leak) through the plasma membrane a little bit. Easier for potassium due to greater numbers of _____ _______

sodium

____ is found in the ECF at rest

potential

____ is measured in volts

potassium

_____ is found in the ICF at rest

positive

_____ sign means ICF more positive than ECF

excitable

_____ tissue has the ability to produce rapid, temporary changes in membrane potential. includes nerve and muscle cells

electrical signals

as membrane potential is charged, _____ _____ are sent throughout the cell

opposing forces

chemical and electrical gradients are ____ _____ which are constantly working on potassium ions

60mv

equilibrium for sodium is ____

selective plasma membrane

ions are kept unequally distributed in the ICF vs ECF by the _____ _____ _______. this is how we separate the ions

sodium, potassium

lots of leak channels for ____ to get out, little leak channels for ____

millivolts

membrane potential in our cells are so low we measure in ______

quick, temporary

membrane potentials are ____ but _____

leak channels

potassium is able to flow out of the cell through ____ ______

volts

potential is measured in ____

ICF

overall negative charge for potassium

ECF

overall positive charge for potassium

attract, potassium, electrical gradient

negatively charges proteins in the ICF _____ the positively charged potassium ions. concentration repels ____ out of cell. _____ attracts potassium into cell

membrane potentials

nerve and muscle cells use their ____ _____ to transmit signals

equilibrium

once K flow stops, ____ is reached. chemical and electrical gradients are balanced

electrical force

once charges are separated, the ___ ____ of attraction can be harnessed to perform work

electrical

once sodium exits the cell, the _____ gradient get stronger