METAPHYSICS

practical knowledge

knowing what to do and how to do it

Speculative Knowledge

knowledge for its own sake (contemplative)

St.Thomas Aquinas

made famous attempt to reconcile Aristotle with the doctrines of Christianity; best know for Summa Theologica

Intelligible

made up of the unchanging products of human reason

Aristotle philosophy

people should achieve an excellent character (a virtuous character, as a pre-condition for attaining happiness or well-being (eudaimonia).

Thinking is not a _________ thing, it is a ____________ thing.

physical ; spiritual

Sensible

5 senses in which we experience as living things *Senses put us into contact with reality in a LIMITED way.* All our knowledge begins through the senses !!!

Latin

intellects (intellect)

Essance

the basic nature of a thing : the quality or qualities that make a thing what it is. the essence of love is unselfishness

Nous

the entity of the higher power of knowing.

"PHYSICIS" meaning

the notion of, "beyond the physical"

Plato philosophy

well-being, happiness, high-virtue, and right moral action the epitome of ethical practice and life. (427BC-347BC)

Philosophy began where/when:

Greece 600 b.c

St.Thomas Aquinas

He also believes perfect happiness cannot be found in this lifetime but only in the afterlife is when we will truly embody TRUE happiness. "God is the one true happiness - seek him and you will find it."

Different levels of being

Higher and lower levels

substance

In its first sense, "substance" refers to those things that are object-like, rather that property-like. For example, an elephant is a substance in this sense, whereas the height or colour of the elephant is not. In its second sense, "substance" refers to the fundamental building blocks of reality.

Thales Main Philosophy

believed that the Earth floats on water and all things come to be from water. For him the Earth was a flat disc floating on an infinite ocean. It has also been claimed that Thales explained earthquakes from the fact that the Earth floats on water.

"META" meaning

beyond or after

CMWJ (platos & socrates 4 principles)

courage, moderation, wisdom, justice

Thales

- first philosopher - wonder about the physical world (question) - trying to explain the world by observing natural phenomena

Rene Descartes (1596-1650)

1. French philosopher and mathematician 2. Used deductive reasoning from self-evident principles to reach scientific laws

Accident

Aristotle says that an accident is that which exists through another or present in another and not in itself.

Who was Plato teacher?

Socrates' most well known student. Founded an academy in Athens.

Aristotle divided knowledge into 2 things:

Speculative knowledge (theoretical) Practical knowledge

Aristotle teacher

Student to Plato ;The Mind and the Body are together and knowledge is learned with experience (384-322 BC)

substance & accidents

Substance is being existing in itself; accident is being existing in another as its subject. -- Being is known either as something which subsists in itself without needing to be sustained by another, or as something which needs a subject in which and by which it may exist.

Parmenides

The multiplicity of existing things, their changing form and motion, are but an appearance of a single eternal reality ("Being") (Being is "is') 525 b.c