METAPHYSICS
practical knowledge
knowing what to do and how to do it
Speculative Knowledge
knowledge for its own sake (contemplative)
St.Thomas Aquinas
made famous attempt to reconcile Aristotle with the doctrines of Christianity; best know for Summa Theologica
Intelligible
made up of the unchanging products of human reason
Aristotle philosophy
people should achieve an excellent character (a virtuous character, as a pre-condition for attaining happiness or well-being (eudaimonia).
Thinking is not a _________ thing, it is a ____________ thing.
physical ; spiritual
Sensible
5 senses in which we experience as living things *Senses put us into contact with reality in a LIMITED way.* All our knowledge begins through the senses !!!
Latin
intellects (intellect)
Essance
the basic nature of a thing : the quality or qualities that make a thing what it is. the essence of love is unselfishness
Nous
the entity of the higher power of knowing.
"PHYSICIS" meaning
the notion of, "beyond the physical"
Plato philosophy
well-being, happiness, high-virtue, and right moral action the epitome of ethical practice and life. (427BC-347BC)
Philosophy began where/when:
Greece 600 b.c
St.Thomas Aquinas
He also believes perfect happiness cannot be found in this lifetime but only in the afterlife is when we will truly embody TRUE happiness. "God is the one true happiness - seek him and you will find it."
Different levels of being
Higher and lower levels
substance
In its first sense, "substance" refers to those things that are object-like, rather that property-like. For example, an elephant is a substance in this sense, whereas the height or colour of the elephant is not. In its second sense, "substance" refers to the fundamental building blocks of reality.
Thales Main Philosophy
believed that the Earth floats on water and all things come to be from water. For him the Earth was a flat disc floating on an infinite ocean. It has also been claimed that Thales explained earthquakes from the fact that the Earth floats on water.
"META" meaning
beyond or after
CMWJ (platos & socrates 4 principles)
courage, moderation, wisdom, justice
Thales
- first philosopher - wonder about the physical world (question) - trying to explain the world by observing natural phenomena
Rene Descartes (1596-1650)
1. French philosopher and mathematician 2. Used deductive reasoning from self-evident principles to reach scientific laws
Accident
Aristotle says that an accident is that which exists through another or present in another and not in itself.
Who was Plato teacher?
Socrates' most well known student. Founded an academy in Athens.
Aristotle divided knowledge into 2 things:
Speculative knowledge (theoretical) Practical knowledge
Aristotle teacher
Student to Plato ;The Mind and the Body are together and knowledge is learned with experience (384-322 BC)
substance & accidents
Substance is being existing in itself; accident is being existing in another as its subject. -- Being is known either as something which subsists in itself without needing to be sustained by another, or as something which needs a subject in which and by which it may exist.
Parmenides
The multiplicity of existing things, their changing form and motion, are but an appearance of a single eternal reality ("Being") (Being is "is') 525 b.c