mgmt 309 exam 1
When compared to management science, operations management is focused more on applications. a. True b. False
a. True
Henri Fayol, a French industrialist, was the first to identify all of the managerial functions. Which was NOT one of them? a. Planning b. Organizing c. Leading d. Supporting e. Controlling
d. Supporting
Match the following. You may use a response once, more than once, or not at all. a. Scientific management b. Administrative management c. Behavioral management perspective d. Human resource movement e. Applied perspective
Frederick Taylor Henri Fayol Hugo Munsterberg Mary Parker Follett Abraham Maslow Michael Porter
____________________ is a conceptual framework for organizing knowledge and providing a blueprint for action.
Theory
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is an example of which of the following areas of government regulation? a. Consumer protection b. Safety and health of employees c. Safety and health of consumers d. Environmental protection e. Investor related issues
a. Consumer protection
Julie is responsible for her company's military veteran mentor program. She will have to operate in the ____ environment. a. internal b. political-legal c. task d. general e. economic
a. internal
The impact of social media on businesses is often ______. a. negative b. positive from employees c. positive from customers d. positive and negative from reporters e. negative from the CEO
a. negative
When Subway employees make a pulled pork sandwich they spread the pork from premeasured cardboard containers. This improves speed and consistency. Subway is applying the principles of a. scientific management. b. organizational behavior. c. management science. d. contingency theory. e. administrative management.
a. scientific management.
Newspaper circulation had been declining for years. TLC cable station aired the show Extreme Couponing that shows cutting coupons from newspaper advertisements. Suddenly demand for newspapers changed course. Newspapers are benefiting from the ____ created by retailers putting coupons in the advertisements. a. synergy b. closed system inversion c. entropy d. subsystem enhancement e. open system conversion.
a. synergy
When one firm buys out another because it is thought that the two firms will complement each other in such a way that the output of the combined firms will be greater than the sum of the current individual outputs of the two companies, the managers are counting on a. synergy. b. closed system inversion. c. entropy. d. subsystem enhancement. e. open system conversion.
a. synergy.
Max Weber, Henri Fayol, Lyndall Urwick, and Chester Barnard all were connected to the development of ____________________ management.
administrative
The two branches of the quantitative approach are operations management and ____________________.
management science
Charles Babbage applied ____________________ to the production process. This use of ____________________ makes his work a forerunner of the quantitative management theory.
mathematics, mathematics
The field of applied management science that is generally concerned with helping an organization more efficiently produce its goods and services is ____________________ management.
operations
The perspective of management that involves the extensive use of mathematical modeling of organizational processes and that almost demands the availability of a computer is ____________________ management.
quantitative
When AT&T uses time and motion studies to improve productivity, it is applying the principles of ____________________.
scientific management
125. The insurance industry is part of the ___________________ economy, which relies heavily on intangible resources.
service
Scientific management focuses specifically on the development of scientific models. a. True b. False
b. False
Scientific management is conceptual and easily adapted to top-level management. a. True b. False
b. False
Who among the following was NOT associated with scientific management? a. Mary Parker Follett b. Lillian Gilbreth c. Henry Gantt d. Frederick Taylor e. Harrington Emerson
a. Mary Parker Follett
According to Barnard's theory, managers ultimately get their authority from their job titles. a. True b. False
b. False
According to McGregor, Theory X managers engage in optimistic managerial thinking. a. True b. False
b. False
Administrative management focuses on the jobs of administrative assistants. a. True b. False
b. False
Classical management consists of two distinct branches: behavioral management and human resource movement. a. True b. False
b. False
Which of the following is NOT one of the contributions of the classical perspective? a. It laid the foundation for later developments in management theory. b. It improved dynamic organizations. c. It identified important management processes and functions. d. It identified important management skills. e. It focused attention on management as a valid subject of scientific inquiry.
b. It improved dynamic organizations.
Robert Owen (1771-1858), a British industrialist, recognized the importance of the human aspect of production. Owen believed workers deserved all EXCEPT which of the following? a. Respect and dignity b. Paid time off c. Good working conditions d. Decent pay e. Reduced hours
b. Paid time off
At Toyota, each task operating employees and machines perform is carefully studied to promote maximum productivity. Some tasks are examined using time and motion studies to standardize work methods. What management approach is Toyota using? a. Human relations management b. Scientific management c. Management science d. Contingency theory e. Administrative management
b. Scientific management
One of the most common complaints emergency room visitors have is the long wait while watching the staff sit and do nothing. Which of the following management approaches can hospitals use to improve efficiency? a. The classical perspective b. Scientific management c. Management science d. Contingency theory e. Administrative management
b. Scientific management
Which of the following is an output? a. Operating system b. Service c. Information resource d. Complaint form e. Control system
b. Service
___ help managers integrate and enlarge their understanding of the three principal schools of management thought. a. Administrative management and scientific management b. Systems theory and contingency theory c. The human relations movement and organizational behavior d. Management science and operations management e. Scientific management and bureaucratic management
b. Systems theory and contingency theory
The use of a Gantt chart to schedule workers' duties, breaks, and lunches at a day-care center is an application of one of the principles associated with a. the classical perspective. b. scientific management. c. management science. d. the contingency theory. e. administrative management.
b. scientific management.
Harley-Davidson puts its brand on everything from motorcycles to toys and clothes. It is benefiting from a. equifinality. b. synergy. c. entropy. d. a closed system. e. subsystem interdependence.
b. synergy.
Scientific management evolved at the dawn of the twentieth century because a. labor was in abundant supply. b. worker efficiency was low. c. capital was in short supply. d. information was rapidly changing. e. piecework pay systems were not working.
b. worker efficiency was low.
______ focuses on the management of the entire firm as opposed to the jobs of individual workers. a. Management science b. The contingency theory c. Administrative management d. The bureaucratic perspective e. Scientific management
c. Administrative management
After ordering from Amazon, customers are asked to review the product and the seller. This is an example of which part of the system? a. Inputs b. Outputs c. Feedback d. Transformation processes e. Material
c. Feedback
Nipurna is a high school guidance counselor. Nipurna is well liked by the staff and students whom she supervises. She recognizes that they have excellent problem-solving skills and are committed to excellence. She lets the people she supervises assume as much responsibility as they are capable of handling. It would appear that she a. takes a Theory Z approach to management. b. uses ideas from scientific management. c. believes in McGregor's approach to managing people. d. uses the qualitative perspective of management. e. is applying principles from management science.
c. believes in McGregor's approach to managing people.
A law firm actually billed the mother of an employee who died almost $20,000 for work that was required to settle the son's pending cases. The organization considers itself to be more important than the individual. This example deals with one of the drawbacks to the use of the ____ perspective of management. a. human resource b. behavioral c. classical d. contingency e. industrial psychology
c. classical
Multiplex Cinemas is a theater with 14 viewing rooms. It employs 50 people. Using the systems theory, it would be classified as a. an entropic system. b. a subsystem. c. either a system or a subsystem depending on the frame of reference. d. either an open or a closed system depending on the frame of reference. e. a closed system.
c. either a system or a subsystem depending on the frame of reference.
Which two managerial functions utilize quantitative management the most? a. Controlling and organizing b. Planning and organizing c. Organizing and leading d. Controlling and planning e. Leading and controlling
d. Controlling and planning
Which statement regarding the relationship between managerial skills and managers' activities is FALSE? a. Technical skills are probably most important at the level of the first-line supervisor. b. Conceptual skills are most important to top managers. c. Diagnostic and analytic skills are extremely important to the decision-making process. d. Good interpersonal skills are essential to a manager's success. e. The mix of skills required of a manager depends on the level of management at which he or she works.
d. Good interpersonal skills are essential to a manager's success.
Which of the following statements BEST describes the human relations view of management? a. U.S. productivity exceeds that of any other country. b. Highly paid workers will be more productive. c. Groups are NOT as productive as the same number of individuals working independently. d. Happy workers are productive workers. e. Minorities and women are equally productive to white males.
d. Happy workers are productive workers.
When Pregna was a student she liked school, worked hard, and experienced success. As a high school teacher she assumed her students would feel the same way. A student observed that Pregna acted like a Theory Y manager. That would mean that Pregna a. believes that people do not like to work. b. is constantly directing a student that wants to avoid taking responsibility. c. will often threaten her students to get them to work toward school goals. d. believes that people naturally like work. e. all of these choices depending on the situation.
d. believes that people naturally like work.
The Blue Rooster is a bakery. It sells 12 flavors of bread, made fresh daily. Some types of dough require time to rise. If they are handled too soon or too late the texture and flavor is ruined. The importance of scheduling indicates that The Blue Rooster should adopt the ____ perspective. a. organizational behavior b. scientific management c. administrative management d. management science e. systems management
d. management science
Contemporary organization theory has its roots in a. Weber's work on bureaucracy. b. Fayol's 14 principles of management. c. Barnard's work on acceptance of authority. d. Taylor's work on job design. e. Gilbreth's work in time and motion studies.
e. Gilbreth's work in time and motion studies.
Contributions of the behavioral management perspective include all of the following EXCEPT a. It challenged the view that employees are tools b. It furthered the belief that employees are valuable resources. c. It provided important insights into motivation and group dynamics. d. It focused managerial attention on motivation and group dynamic processes. e. It challenged the complexity of individual behavior and made predictions of that behavior.
e. It challenged the complexity of individual behavior and made predictions of that behavior.
What are the two branches of quantitative management? a. Scientific management and administrative management b. Theory X and Theory Y c. Contingency theory and systems theory d. Human relations and organizational behavior e. Management science and operations management
e. Management science and operations management
Which of the following is NOT a topics in the field of organizational behavior? a. Job satisfaction b. Stress c. Leadership d. Organizational politics e. Operations
e. Operations
____ management techniques do not account for individual behaviors and attitudes. a. Scientific b. Administrative c. Systems d. Human relations e. Quantitative
e. Quantitative
Which of the following historical books did not influence management? a. The Second World War b. Iliad c. The Prince d. Republic e. War and Peace
e. War and Peace
Eric is an executive coach. He helps executives see their strengths and weaknesses, and improve their performance. Eric is a(n) ____ manager. a. operations b. administration c. marketing d. finance e. human resources
e. human resources
In the National Football League, the promotional ads are ____ resources. a. competitive b. physical c. human d. financial e. informational
e. informational
A system that actively interacts with its environment is best described as a(n) a. subsystem. b. closed system. c. transformation system. d. management information system. e. open system.
e. open system.
Put the different perspectives in the chronological order in which they were developed, oldest to most current. Quantitative Classical Integrating Behavioral
Classical Behavioral Quantitative Integrating
Eleanor complained that she could not find the nails fast enough to catch up to Madeline because Madeline had found all the easy ones. Eleanor was a a. Rate Buster b. Chisler
b. Chisler
The Hawthorne studies showed that piece-rate pay was an effective way of increasing work output. a. True b. False
b. False
The fundamental premise of administrative management is that the social aspects of the workplace are more important to increasing worker productivity than economic incentives. a. True b. False
b. False
Theory and history are important only to top managers today. a. True b. False
b. False
Theory is abstract and of no practical use in today's environment. a. True b. False
b. False
UPS can follow drivers' movements through GPS, which is an example of the use of management techniques derived from behavioral management. a. True b. False
b. False
Industrial psychology is the practice of applying a. psychology in the industrial revolution. b. psychology to worker motivation and selection. c. efficiency measures to psychological output. d. statistical measures to psychological output. e. industrial advancements to medical research.
b. psychology to worker motivation and selection.
When KFC wanted to enter the Japanese market, it contacted Mitsubishi, one of Japan's largest poultry producers. Mitsubishi provided an understanding of Japanese culture and some of the financing, while KFC provided the rest of the financing and its franchising expertise. The activities of KFC and Mitsubishi took place in the ____ component of the task environment. a. sociocultural b. strategic partners c. suppliers d. competitors e. economic
b. strategic partners
TransAmerica Business is a consulting firm. When hired for a job, the company has financial auditors, tax experts, management consultants, computer experts, and legal staffers who can work together to solve whatever problems face the hiring firm. This team approach to problem solving is an example of ____ at work. a. equifinality b. synergy c. entropy d. a closed system e. subsystem interdependence
b. synergy
Which of the following statements about the classical perspective of management is FALSE? a. The classical perspective of management laid the foundation for later management theory developments. b. The classical perspective of management identified the key management processes. c. The classical perspective of management prescribed action unique to each situation. d. The classical perspective of management focused attention on management as a viable topic of scientific inquiry. e. The classical perspective of management identified important management functions and skills.
c. The classical perspective of management prescribed action unique to each situation.
Dr. White uses whatever style of management seems to best fit the needs of the individual employees. She was autocratic and rigid with a doctor who had a drug problem. During the same period, she was compassionate with a nurse who was a single parent with infant twins and bent the rules so she could have time to sort out her life. Her management style conforms to which theory of management? a. Bureaucratic management b. TQM c. The contingency approach d. Theory X and Y e. Qualitative management
c. The contingency approach
Which of the following buyers would have the greatest ability to influence suppliers? a. A student ordering a pizza b. A student selecting a college or university. c. A department store influencing fashion designers d. Government negotiating the purchase of a helicopter for its army e. Homemaker buying groceries at the supermarket
d. Government negotiating the purchase of a helicopter for its army
62. All of the following were primary contributors to the behavioral management perspective EXCEPT a. Hugo Munsterberg b. Abraham Maslow c. Elton Mayo d. Henri Fayol e. Douglas McGregor
d. Henri Fayol
Which of these management pioneers developed a chart for scheduling work over a span of time? a. Lillian Gilbreth b. Frederick Taylor c. Harrington Emerson d. Henry Gantt e. Max Weber
d. Henry Gantt
All of the following were primary contributors to administrative management EXCEPT a. Max Weber. b. Henri Fayol. c. Lyndall Urwick. d. Hugo Munsterberg. e. Chester Barnard.
d. Hugo Munsterberg.
Kweku Adoboli was arrested after losing $2.3 billion of UBS global equities. Adoboli's actions were a. legal and ethical. b.moral. c. legal but unethical. d. illegal and unethical. e. illegal but ethical.
d. illegal and unethical.
Edward Bingaman was overheard telling one of his friends, "You always think there is one way to solve a problem. It just doesn't work that way. You have to use your head and try different approaches under different circumstances." What management theory is Bingaman advocating? a. Systems theory b. Organizational behavior c. Administrative management d. Quantitative management e. Contingency theory
e. Contingency theory
Rolf is in the business of making crowns, bridges, and dentures for dental use. It is a highly competitive business, and Rolf has decided he needs to improve efficiency. Which of the following management approaches would be of most help to Rolf in pursuing this goal? a. Management science b. Contingency theory c.Administrative management d. The bureaucratic perspective e. Scientific management
e. Scientific management
The planning, leading, and controlling by armies throughout history is an example of ____________________ in the past.
Management
Amelia chose never to search for a nail. Instead, she went and rode the tractor as Mr. Russell mowed the yard a. Open System b. Closed System
Open System
Only when the girls had earned the same amount did Madeline again contribute to her own accumulation. Meanwhile, Amelia chose never to search for a nail a. Theory X b. Theory Y
Theory X
Shang believes her managers function best if she assigns them a task and gives them specific instructions on how to get it done. She exhibits ____________________ behavior.
Theory X
Which of the following is NOT one of the arguments offered by those who oppose corporations habitually engaging in social responsibility programs? a. Based on their legal status, organizations are technically prohibited from such activities. b. Such activity detracts from the basic mission society has given business. c. Social responsibility programs have the potential to create substantial conflicts of interest. d. Business executives lack the expertise to make decisions about social programs. e. There is too much potential for the abuse of the power that corporations have already without adding to it.
a. Based on their legal status, organizations are technically prohibited from such activities.
Which of the following is an example of a merger? a. Brown Electronics and Kelvin Data Systems form a new company, and Brown and Kelvin cease to exist. b. Brown Electronics buys Kelvin Data Systems and continues to operate as Brown Electronics. c. Brown Electronics buys Kelvin Data Systems, and Kelvin operates as a subsidiary of Brown. d. Brown completes a hostile takeover of Kelvin. e. None of these choices
a. Brown Electronics and Kelvin Data Systems form a new company, and Brown and Kelvin cease to exist.
Eventually the complaining wore Madeline down, and she searched for nails for Eleanor and gave them to her to cash in a. Human Resource Management b. Administrative Management
a. Human Resource Management
Madeline started first and had earned $6 by the time Eleanor was ready to begin. Madeline was a a. Rate Buster b. Chisler
a. Rate Buster
Fortis Healthcare Ltd. bought 10 private hospitals in India from Wockhardt Hospitals Ltd. The purchase expands Fortis' operations in India. What was Fortis hoping to gain by the interaction of these new businesses and its existing business? a. Synergy b. Closed system inversion c. Entropy d. Subsystem enhancement e. Open system conversion
a. Synergy
Many corporations have sophisticated security systems for information and employees. Which dimension of the organization's environment do these systems represent? a. Technological element of the general environment b. Internal environment c. Economic element of the task environment d. Technological element of the task environment e. Economic element of the general environment
a. Technological element of the general environment
The Russell family replaced the roof of their home. In removing the old roof, the old shingles and nails were pushed off the roof. The debris fell around the house in the grass and landscape. Mrs. Russell told her daughters Amelia, Eleanor, and Madeline that she would pay them a quarter for every nail they picked up a. Soldiering b. Piecework Pay
b. Piecework Pay
Which of the following actions is NOT part of an organization's attempts to evaluate social performance? a. Corporate social audits b. Whistle-blowing by employees c. Requiring employees to sign agreements to abide by its code of ethics d. Reviewing its responses to questionable conduct e. Examining the impact that the corporate culture has on the firm's social performance
b. Whistle-blowing by employees
Siemens is primarily an engineering company. Employees in the U.S. volunteer to run Siemens Science Day in schools and hospitals to get children excited about science. The passion for science is part of the informal organization dimension a. leadership. b. culture. c. ethical compliance. d. whistle-blowing. e. social compliance.
b. culture.
When Dayton Hudson was the target of a hostile takeover it was able to use its position of influence in the state of Minnesota to pressure the state legislature to change the laws preventing breakup of any company immediately after purchase. Dayton Hudson responded to the crisis using a. merger. b. direct influence. c. hostile takeover. d. alliances. e. acquisitions.
b. direct influence.
The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act is legislation that creates more regulation of the finance markets. This is an example of the ____ dimension. a. internal b. political-legal c. task d. sociocultural e. economic
b. political-legal
Which of the following statements is NOT one of the arguments offered in favor of social responsibility? a. Business should fix the problems it creates. b. Businesses have resources needed to solve some social problems. c. Business executives are uniquely qualified to make decisions about social programs. d. Business is a partner in society with the government and the general population. e. Corporations have many of the same obligations and privileges as private citizens.
c. Business executives are uniquely qualified to make decisions about social programs.
____ refers to the nature of the competitive relationship between dominant firms in an industry. a. Power of suppliers b. Threat of increased regulation c. Competitive rivalry d. Power of buyers e. Threat of new entrants
c. Competitive rivalry
Staff Sergeant Tyra Bradford is a platoon sergeant. She uses whatever style of management seems to fit the situation. Her management style fits which theory of management? a. Bureaucratic management b. TQM c. The contingency approach d. Theory X and Y e. Qualitative management
c. The contingency approach
The ____ businesses has increased diversity in many organizations. a. service-orientation of b. use of social media by c. globalization of d. social responsibility by e. ethics of
c. globalization of
When Girl Scouts sell cookies at Shop Rite, they are given a place to stand. When they sell at Wal-Mart the company eventually donates to their troop. Target does not allow any Girl Scout to sell cookies in front of stores. Wal-Mart is an example of the ____ stance. a. reactive b. obstructionist c. proactive d. accommodative e. defensive
c. proactive
All of the following are basic approaches to social responsibility EXCEPT a. accommodative stance. b. defensive stance. c. reactive stance. d. proactive stance. e. obstructionist stance.
c. reactive stance.
The theory based on the idea that the best managerial actions in a given situation depend on the elements of that situation is known as a. the equifinality theory. b. Theory X and Y. c. the contingency approach. d. the systems theory. e. quantitative management.
c. the contingency approach.
Margaret treats employees fairly by treating them differently, each according to individual needs. She understands the application of ____________________ perspective.
contingency
The broader the solutions, the greater the creativity and possibility for innovation. This is a benefit of which perspective? a. Classical b. Universal c. Quantitative d. Contingency e. Behavioral
d. Contingency
Which of the following is an example of an organization's strategic response to its external environment? a. Negotiating a new contract with the union b. Hiring a new CEO c. Implementing new plant safety standards d. Doing nothing in response to a competitor's new product e. Modifying the organization's culture
d. Doing nothing in response to a competitor's new product
Joshua is aware that his peers take office supplies home for personal use. To determine if behavior is ethical Joshua should determine a. whether the act optimizes what is best for everyone. b. whether the behavior respects the rights of the individuals involved. c. whether the behavior is consistent with what he sees as being fair. d. whether the behavior is consistent with people's responsibilities to each other. e. All of these choices
e. All of these choices
Which of the following does the text describe as a contemporary management challenge? a. Managing diversity b. Erratic economy c. Employee privacy d. Technology e. All of these choices
e. All of these choices
Why is quality an important management issue? a. Quality can be used as a basis for competition. b. Enhancing quality lowers costs. c. Improving quality tends to increase productivity. d. Making higher-quality products generally results in less waste. e. All of these choices
e. All of these choices
The United States Postal Service has been losing money for years. Social media have created many alternatives for communication. The Postal Service's decline is an example of a. closed system inversion. b. open system thinking. c. synergy. d. subsystem failure. e. entropy.
e. entropy.
Women in Saudi Arabia have been arrested for driving. Their actions are a. legal and ethical. b. moral. c. legal but unethical. d. illegal and unethical. e. illegal but ethical.
e. illegal but ethical.
Exxon is expanding its international operations. It needs to consider all of the following challenges EXCEPT a. property ownership rights. b. infrastructure. c. government regulation. d. cultural differences. e. stagnant work environment.
e. stagnant work environment.
In the past 60 years, the percentage of the female workforce has more than doubled. This is an example of a. the Eurozone influence. b. legislative decisions. c. competitive advantage. d. globalization. e. changing demographics.
e. changing demographics.
A religious organization that is continually reenergized and refocused will likely avoid ____________________.
entropy
Classical management perspective consists of two distinct branches: ____________________ and administrative management.
scientific management
Henry Gantt was a(n) ____________________ pioneer who developed a chart for scheduling work over a span of time.
scientific management
Mary Parker Follett (1868-1933) worked during the ____________________ era, but she was ahead of her time in anticipating the behavioral management perspective.
scientific management
Protests after police shootings turned into riots after ______ was used to gather people with ill intentions who looted and destroyed business establishments.
social media
Anheuser-Busch packaged cans in local college colors. The company was trying to take advantage of the systems concept of ____________________.
synergy
Kevin is responsible for the transportation division of Iron Mountain, a document storage company. He integrates vehicles, people, and schedules into one big operating unit. He uses ____________________ theory.
systems
Hackers accessed sensitive personal information about federal employees. This is an example of contemporary management challenges of ____________________ and ____________________.
technology, privacy
According to the systems perspective of management, which of the following is NOT an example of a transformation process for an organization? a. Employee behavior b. Control systems c. Administrative systems d. Technology e. Operating systems
a. Employee behavior
Which of the following statements describes the inherent strength in the quantitative management theory? a. It provides numerous decision-making tools and techniques. b. It has realistic assumptions that permit close approximations of organizational processes. c. It has allowed accurate modeling of individual behaviors and attitudes. d. It enhances development of other management skills. e. None of these choices
a. It provides numerous decision-making tools and techniques.
The head of HR meets with a candidate to offer a position and finalize salary details. What managerial role was she fulfilling? a. Negotiator b. Figurehead c. Leader d. Entrepreneur e. Spokesperson
a. Negotiator
According to contingency theory, management is more art than science. a. True b. False
a. True
Companies (such as Coca-Cola, Ford, and GE) maintain significant libraries on their corporate histories that show a sense of heritage and pride. a. True b. False
a. True
Few large businesses have grasped how to use social media to compete more effectively, but most would agree that social media can have a major impact on business. a. True b. False
a. True
Janice is very concerned with worker morale, and she frequently surveys employees to determine their level of job satisfaction. She feels that people really want to work, to take more responsibility, and to make a contribution. Her approach reflects application of Theory Y. a. True b. False
a. True
Monsanto, a seed maker, offered to buy Syngenta, a pesticide maker. Monsanto apparently expected some synergy from the purchase. a. True b. False
a. True
Open systems thinking tends to develop synergy in organizations. a. True b. False
a. True
The North Korean government is attempting to isolate citizens from outside influence. It is trying to create a closed system. a. True b. False
a. True
The approaches to management that try to find the one best way to solve a management problem are called contingency approaches. a. True b. False
a. True
The study of management did not begin until the nineteenth century. a. True b. False
a. True
To succeed, managers must monitor their environment and change to keep pace with it. a. True b. False
a. True
A manager who wants to use the principles of scientific management will a. emphasize time and motion studies. b. need a deep understanding of worker needs and feelings. c. not be required to closely supervise his or her subordinates. d. never actually increase worker productivity. e. not have to carefully select and train his or her employees.
a. emphasize time and motion studies.
Howard Weaver manages MacLean Insurance Agency. An employee observed that Weaver acted like a Theory X manager. That would mean that Weaver believes a. that people prefer to be directed. b. in the contingency approach to management. c. in the importance of TQM. d. that people are committed to goals. e. that people naturally seek out work.
a. that people prefer to be directed.
Operations management is concerned with a. the application of various processes and systems used by an organization. b. systems created to store and provide information for managerial decision making. c. the scientific analysis of the work elements of a job. d. the development of mathematical and statistical tools and techniques for managerial decision making. e. None of these choices
a. the application of various processes and systems used by an organization.
Improving quality tends to decrease productivity. a. True b. False
b. False
Manufacturing now accounts for well over half of the gross domestic product in the United States and plays a similarly important role in many other industrialized nations. a. True b. False
b. False
Which of the following is one of the limitations of the quantitative management perspective? a. It is especially difficult to apply to most organizations. b. It cannot fully explain or predict the behavior of people in organizations. c. It is mathematically unsophisticated. d. Its models require only realistic assumptions. e. Its models require only founded assumptions.
b. It cannot fully explain or predict the behavior of people in organizations.
Which of the following statements relative to the theory and practice of management is TRUE? a. Academic theories have little application in business because they are not grounded in reality. b. The value of theory is that it provides a systematic framework for management activities. c. Theory is, by definition, very abstract and quite difficult to understand. d. Managers never develop their own theories of how to run an organization. e. Management theories tend to be mutually exclusive.
b. The value of theory is that it provides a systematic framework for management activities.
Lifeguards at Water Works pool also teach swim lessons. If they miss a lesson,they do not get paid; instead the substitute instructor gets the money. This is a form of a. increased efficiency. b. a piecework pay system. c. soldiering. d. Theory X. e. Theory Y.
b. a piecework pay system.
Dr. White is one of two emergency room physicians in charge of the staff. As a supervisor, she believes that her subordinates are valuable resources and focuses her attention on the interpersonal processes such as group dynamics that occur in the emergency room. Her views are consistent with the ____ management perspective. a. quantitative b. behavioral c. classical d. contingency e. systems
b. behavioral
The Taliban seek to isolate women and control every aspect of their lives. The Taliban try to create ____ that do not interact with the external environment. a. subsystems b. closed systems c. transformation systems d. resource-independent systems e. open systems
b. closed systems
Chester Barnard, former president of New Jersey Bell Telephone Company, made notable contributions to management regarding a. individual job efficiency. b. legitimate authority. c. management processes. d. dynamic organizations. e. individual rights and liberties.
b. legitimate authority.
The ____ stresses the importance of environmental influences on the organization. a. quantitative management theory b. open system concept c. behavioral management theory d. human relations movement e. concept of synergy
b. open system concept
_______ management focuses on the work of individuals. a. Administrative b. Behavioral c. Human relations d. Scientific e. Contingency
d. Scientific
The plant manager for an electronics manufacturer is often heard saying that the way to motivate workers is to provide them with attractive wage and benefit packages. What school of thought does his view reflect? a. Quantitative b. Behavioral c. Classical d. Contingency e. Systems
c. Classical
Which of the following statements characterizes the thinking that emerged from the Hawthorne studies? a. If jobs are properly designed and proper incentives provided, predictable results will follow. b. Workers will perform their jobs as they are told to and will maximize their output so as to increase their pay. c. Concern for the worker will lead to greater worker satisfaction, which will then lead to increased output. d. Workers generally dislike work and need to be closely supervised to ensure adequate productivity. e. People are motivated primarily by money.
c. Concern for the worker will lead to greater worker satisfaction, which will then lead to increased output.
Paul and Bobby want to start a construction company. After being in business a few months, they guess that the most efficient way to demolish walls is for Paul to break them up and tear them off and for Bobby to haul away the debris. Which of the following management theorists would be most helpful to these entrepreneurs? a. Henry Gantt b. Frederick Taylor c. Frank Gilbreth d. Harrington Emerson e. Max Weber
c. Frank Gilbreth
Which of the following is one of the limitations of the classical perspective? a. It is inappropriate for stable organizations. b. It is more inappropriate for simple organizations. c. It is more inappropriate for dynamic organizations. d. It prescribed situation-specific procedures that are not appropriate in some settings. e. Writers were concerned with the human element and viewed employees as resources rather than tools.
c. It is more inappropriate for dynamic organizations.
Which of the following is NOT a technique Frederick Taylor used to enhance worker productivity? a. Study and time each element of the job. b. Design the most efficient way of doing each part of a job. c. Place both workers and managers on salary to reduce friction. d. Supervise workers and managers to make sure they follow procedures and rest only when told. e. Allow managers to plan the work to be done.
c. Place both workers and managers on salary to reduce friction.
In the Women's National Basketball Association, the coaches, managers, and players are ____ resources. a. physical b. financial c. human d. information e. intellectual
c. human
67. Theory X managers believe workers are a. happy. b. lucky. c. lazy. d. needy. e. committed.
c. lazy.
When a manufacturing plant uses mathematical models to plan production schedules and to schedule equipment maintenance, it is drawing on a. scientific management. b. administrative management. c. management science. d. TQM. e. the contingency approach.
c. management science.
The Army uses aircraft simulators to train helicopter pilots, which decreases fuel consumption, helicopter maintenance, storage requirement, and air traffic control congestion. It also improves safety. This is an example of a. scientific management. b. administrative management. c. operations management. d. behavior perspective. e. classical perspective.
c. operations management.
The News Corporation, Smile Train, Delta Airlines and Gucci are all examples of a. bureaucracies. b. not-for-profit corporations. c. organizations. d. managerial diversity. e. centralized units of operation.
c. organizations.
Roberta has just hired two new employees to work in the quality control lab. She is now training them for their jobs. What managerial role is she playing here? a. Developer b. Entrepreneur c. Planner d. Leader e. Monitor
d. Leader
Which school of management thought would be most useful to a restaurant with pizza delivery that wanted to determine the most efficient routes for each of its drivers to follow? a. Organizational behavior b. Scientific management c. Administrative management d. Management science e. Systems management
d. Management science
Which of the following statements about the Hawthorne studies is FALSE? a. The Hawthorne studies initiated work in the human relations movement. b. The Hawthorne studies indicated the need to consider the social aspects of the organization. c. The Hawthorne studies showed that group norms exert a powerful influence on the members of a group. d. The Hawthorne studies confirmed that incentive pay plans are an effective means of increasing production. e. The Hawthorne studies found that money cannot be used as a motivator for workers.
d. The Hawthorne studies confirmed that incentive pay plans are an effective means of increasing production.
Which of the following statements about the role of education in management is TRUE? a. Formal education is the best way to acquire the skills a manager requires. b. Managerial skills are best learned through experience, not formal education. c. Once a manager has a master's degree, additional formal education is unnecessary. d. The primary advantage of a college education to managers is that a person can become familiar with current research and thinking on management. e. College courses are of little value to first-line supervisors.
d. The primary advantage of a college education to managers is that a person can become familiar with current research and thinking on management.
Charles Babbage emphasized the application of mathematics to production problems; thus, his work was a forerunner of a. administrative management. b. the contingency theory. c. the behavioral school of management thought. d. operations management. e. the systems theory.
d. operations management.
Elton Mayo conducted experiments at Western Electric's Hawthorne plant from 1927-1932. He discovered that a. piece rate pay improved production. b. unions limit employee initiative. c. rate busters don't make their quota. d. social pressure was more important than financial incentive. e. chiselers assisted low producers.
d. social pressure was more important than financial incentive.
A new animated children's show does not even get presented to executives unless the merchandising is lined up. The executives are looking for a(n) a. open system. b. closed system. c. subsystem. d. synergy. e. entropy.
d. synergy.
Plummer Construction has three employees. Bob, the owner, does design, ordering, and customer interface. Paul and Bobby do demolition and construction with Paul specializing in the detailed trim work and Bobby responsible for clean up. With which of the following management approaches do their actions most agree? a. Management science b. Contingency theory c. Administrative management d. The bureaucratic perspective e. Scientific management
e. Scientific management
Which of the following statements correctly describes the early practice of management? a. The practice of management began about 100 years ago. b. Early economists were concerned with managerial efficiency and effectiveness. c. By 1900, most organizations were large. d. Survival was not an issue in most organizations before 1900. e. The scientific study of management as a field of inquiry dates back to the nineteenth century.
e. The scientific study of management as a field of inquiry dates back to the nineteenth century.
The appropriate management behavior that depends on the unique situation is a ____ perspective. a. classical b. universal c. behavioral d. quantitative e. contingency
e. contingency
The correct sequence in which a manager should accomplish the four basic management functions a. is planning−organizing−leading−controlling. b. is organizing−planning−leading−controlling. c. is organizing−leading−planning−controlling. d. is leading−controlling−organizing−planning. e. depends on the prevailing circumstances.
e. depends on the prevailing circumstances.
Achieving organizational goals efficiently and effectively a. is necessary to make logical decisions. b. is not necessary for successful management but is desirable. c. ensures that all employees will work cohesively. d. rarely occurs in private sector organizations. e. is the primary purpose of the management process.
e. is the primary purpose of the management process.
A Gantt chart is a a. listing of the steps required to complete a job. b. method for developing employee wage systems. c. device used in doing time and motion studies. d. checklist used in equipment maintenance. e. means of scheduling individual work or whole projects.
e. means of scheduling individual work or whole projects.
Barnard's theory on the acceptance of managerial authority states that a. supervisors have inherent authority. b. supervisors have charismatic authority. c. if subordinates view a supervisor's directive as appropriate to organizational goals, they will accept his or her authority. d. so long as subordinates are able to comply with a supervisor's directives, they will accept his or her authority. e. supervisors have no authority unless subordinates are willing to grant it to them.
e. supervisors have no authority unless subordinates are willing to grant it to them.
