MGMT 310 - chapter 14

he Situational Leadership Model identifies _______ leadership styles based on followers' performance readiness

4

Which term describes the leader that establishes high expectations for subordinates?

Achievement-oriented

A company that is concerned with operational efficiency practices which management style?

Authority-compliance

Which theory states that leaders should be matched to a situation in which they are best suited to maximize work group performance?

Contingency

What term refers to a leader's consistency in handling their reactions with employees?

Emotional stability

Which subordinate contingency represents the accumulated job knowledge a subordinate possesses?

Experience

_________ theory: leaders should be matched to a situation in which they are best suited to maximize work group performance.

Fielders contingency

self-confidence refers to

Individuals that display leadership & believe in their abilities to accomplish tasks

Which term refers to the degree to which a leader constructs follower roles and establishes direction?

Initiating structure

___________ is the degree to which a leader constructs follower roles by establishing goals, providing direction, setting deadlines, and assigning tasks

Job-centered leadership (or initiating structure)

What type of scale measures the coworker relationship that is the greatest challenge?

LPC

leaders possess a _________ view of the strategic success of the firm and they work with managers to accomplish _____________ operational goals (options: long-term, short-term)

Long-term, short-term

Which type of individual coordinates the day-to-day operations of organizational departments? 1. Manager 2. Leader 3. Employee 4. Shareholder

Manager

For which aspect of a business is a manager accountable? 1. Productivity 2. Mission 3. Strategy 4. Vision

Productivity

Hersey and Blanchard's theory:

Situational Leadership theory

What leadership style represents high task behavior and low relationship behavior?

Telling

Drive refers to

a leader's achievement, motivation, initiative, energy, and tenacity that facilitate high degrees of effort and performance

Leader-member relations describes the extent to which

a leaders' followers respect, trust, and like their leaders

Subordinate satisfaction is the extent to which

a subordinate is pleased with their job and supervisor

Performance readiness is the

ability and willingness to accept responsibility for self-directing one's work and actions in the workplace

Experience represents the

accumulated job knowledge a subordinate possesses

Relationship-oriented leaders with high LPC scores tend to

achieve more effective group performance in moderately favorable situations

middle of the road management

adequate organization performance is possible through balancing the need to get out work done with maintaining morale of people at a satisfactory level

Psychological readiness is

an individual's confidence in their ability to get their job don

The formal authority system is

an organization's procedures, rules, and policies

participative leadership, the leader

asks subordinates for their input as part of the decision-making process

efficiency in operations results from arranging conditions of work in such a way that human elements interfere to a minimum degree

authority compliance

Leader decision making and acceptance of group decisions is considered on a continuum from what 3 type of decisions?

autocratic decisions (AI or AII) to consultative decisions (CI or CII), to group decisions (GII)

Flexible leaders tend to

balance relationships with tasks to ensure both are treated as equally important

Flexible leaders with moderate LPC scores tend to

be able to adapt behavior to a variety of situations and perform well.

Task-oriented leaders with low LPC scores tend to

be better leaders in both unfavorable and highly favorable situations

Relationship-oriented leaders focus on

building friendships with coworkers

Normative decision theory suggests how leaders

can engage employees in making decisions at an appropriate level

conditions for path-goal theory are

clarifying the path to goal achievement, clearing the path of obstacles that could prevent subordinates from reaching goals, and providing rewards and incentives for goal attainment

Task-oriented leaders consider

completion of jobs to be the most important consideration, even at the expense of relationships

Employee-centered leadership is also referred to as

consideration

emotional stability refers to

consistent in handling their emotions in ways that are fair to others and professional in their outlook

thoughtful attention to the needs of people for satisfying relationships leads to a comfortable, friendly organization atmosphere and work tempo

country club management

A ________ leadership style represents low task behavior and low relationship behavior.

delegating

Supportive leadership is a style in which the leader

develops relationships with subordinates, shows concern for their welfare, treats them as equal coworkers, and creates a friendly work environment

Path-goal theory four leadership styles:

directive, supportive, participative, and achievement-oriented.

traits or characteristics of effective leaders (there are 6)

drive, honesty, integrity, self-confidence, emotional stability, cognitive abilities, and business knowledge

Leadership trait theory indicates that

effective leaders possess a group of personal characteristics that make them successful

Situational leadership theory suggests that

effective leadership depends on the context

authority compliance

efficiency in operations results from arranging conditions of work in such a way that human elements interfere to a minimum degree

Achievement-oriented leadership is a style in which the leader

establishes high expectations for subordinates, sets stretch goals, and expresses confidence in subordinates' abilities to accomplish tasks through self-directed responsibility and committed effort

improverished management

exertion of minimum effort to get required work done is appropriate to sustain organization membership

Position power is defined as the

extent to which leaders are able to use their positional authority to hire, fire, reward, and punish workers.

Subordinates who believe that external factors are in control of their destiny are working from an ________ locus of control.

external

true or false leaders manage the day-to-day operations of the individual departments or business units of the organization

false

integrity refers to

following-through on promises

Leadership is

he process of influencing others to achieve group or organizational goals

exertion of minimum effort to get required work done is appropriate to sustain organization membership

improverished management

Job-centered leadership is also referred to as

initiating structure

Subordinates that believe that what happens to them is a result of their choices are working from an __________ locus of control

internal

Which type of readiness consists of the amount of knowledge and skill a worker possesses when performing their tasks?

job

Performance readiness conciders/measure both ______ and ____________

job and psychological preparedness

two specific behaviors critical to a firm's success

job-centered leadership or concern for production & employee-centered leadership or concern for people

Subordinate contingencies

leader behaviors that are adapted to the characteristics of subordinates

Three factors determine the level of favorableness of a situation:

leader-member relations, task structure, and position power

Path-goal theory states that

leaders can increase subordinates' job satisfaction and performance by removing obstacles to goal achievement & by increasing rewards for meeting organizational objectives

Situational theory states that

leaders should adjust their leadership styles to match their followers' readiness

fielders contingency theory states that

leaders should be matched to a situation in which they are best suited to maximize work group performance.

__________ work with _________ to accomplish the firm's goals and objectives

leaders, managers

________ involves leaders, managers, and employees to accomplish a firm's vision.

leadership

LPC is used to measure

leadership style and situational favorableness based on leader-member relations, task structure, and position power.

Fielder's contingency theory considers the __________ scale

least preferred coworker (LPC)

___________ are accountable for controlling the productivity and efficiency of their employees

managers

______________ control the implementation of actions and tasks needed to accomplish the success of the organization

managers

adequate organization performance is possible through balancing the need to get out work done with maintaining morale of people at a satisfactory level

middle of the road management

The ______ theory states that leaders can increase subordinates' job satisfaction and performance by removing obstacles.

path-goal

The Blake/Mouton Leadership Grid categorizes leadership styles based on leaders' concern for _________ and concern for __________.

people, production

Subordinate contingencies include

perceived ability, experience, and locus of control

Managers are accountable for controlling the __________ & ____________ of their employees

productivity, efficiency

The LPC leadership styles are _________, __________, and ___________

relationship-oriented, task-oriented, and flexible

Subordinate performance refers to the

results of an individual's effort on a task

Matching leadership styles to situations requires evaluating

situational favorableness with the LPC scores

The two primary outcomes in path-goal theory:

subordinate performance and subordinate satisfaction

path-goal theory involves leadership styles that are adapted to _________ and __________ contingencies to achieve outcomes

subordinate, environmental

Environmental contingencies include

task structure, the formal authority system, and the primary work group

A _______ leader considers completion of jobs to be the most important consideration.

task-oriented

work accomplishment is from committed people; interdependence through a common stake in organization purpose leads to relationships of trust and respect

team management

business knowledge refers to

the ability to analyze complex data and identify patters, such as strengths, weakness, opportunities, & threats, & process this information using a deep knowledge of business and technology

Job readiness consists of

the amount of knowledge, skill, ability, and experience individuals possess when performing their tasks

A primary work group refers to

the amount of participation or emotional support provided by the subordinate's immediate work group

Locus of control is

the belief that subordinates have control over situations

Environmental contingencies are

the context in which leadership takes place in an organization

Job-centered leadership/initiating structure is

the degree to which a leader constructs follower roles by establishing goals, providing direction, setting deadlines, and assigning tasks

Situational favorableness is

the degree to which a workplace situation permits or does not permit a leader to influence followers

Task structure is

the degree to which the task requirements of a subordinate's job are clearly defined.

Employee-centered leadership / consideration is

the extent to which a leader shows concern and support for employees

Task structure is

the extent to which a subordinate's tasks are clearly defined

Leaders work with managers to accomplish?

the firm's goals and objectives

Perceived ability is

the level of ability subordinates believe they bring to a task

Country Club Management

thoughtful attention to the needs of people for satisfying relationships leads to a comfortable, friendly organization atmosphere and work tempo

Which element of the firm's direction guides leaders for future goals? 1. Vision 2. Risks 3. Past 4. Mission

vision

A leadership style describes a

visionary's behavior toward others

In directive leadership, the leader communicates to subordinates

what is expected of them to achieve a goal, what guidelines need to be met, when work is scheduled, what the standards of work are, and ensures compliance with rules and regulations

Team Management

work accomplishment is from committed people; interdependence through a common stake in organization purpose leads to relationships of trust and respect