MGMT test 3

The win-lose attitude associated with which conflict-handling style causes many people to be disappointed and feel cheated with its use?

Compromising

Which of the following statements about conflict is accurate?

Conflict is perfectly normal.

Workers who face discrimination in their jobs in the United States are best protected by ______ legislation.

EEO

______ is defined as an individual's involvement, satisfaction, and enthusiasm for work.

Employee engagement

According to acquired needs theory, managers with a high need for power may be less effective than those without it.

False; If you, like most effective managers, have a high need for power, that means you enjoy being in control of people and events and being recognized for this responsibility. But if you tend to seek social approval and satisfying personal relationships, you may have a high need for affiliation. In that case, you may not be the most efficient manager because at times you will have to make decisions that will make people resent you.

Members of a group that are asking "What's next?" are in the performing stage of team development.

False; In the final stage, adjourning, members prepare for disbandment. For the individual, the question now is "What's next?" For the team, the issue is "Can we help members transition out?"

Physiological or psychological deficiencies that arouse behavior are called/known as motivators.

False; Needs are defined as physiological or psychological deficiencies that arouse behavior.

Character is defined as those stable psychological and behavioral attributes that give you your identity.

False; Personality consists of the stable psychological traits and behavioral attributes that give a person his or her identity.

Engagement is the process of locating and attracting qualified applicants for jobs open in the organization.

False; Recruiting is the process of locating and attracting qualified applicants for jobs open in the organization.

If you start a new job and find the description and criteria for promotion to be vague, role conflict has occurred.

False; Role ambiguity occurs when others' expectations are unknown. Example: You find your job description and the criteria for promotion vague, a complaint often voiced by newcomers to an organization.

The Abilene paradox is the tendency of people to go along with others in order to make requests of them in the future.

False; The Abilene paradox is the tendency of people to go along with others for the sake of avoiding conflict.

Fitting people to jobs is the modern approach to job design.

False; There are two different approaches to job design, one traditional, one modern, that can be taken in deciding how to design jobs. The traditional way is fitting people to jobs; the modern way is fitting jobs to people.

Which of the following theories is a process perspective, concerned with the thought processes by which people decide how to act?

Goal-setting theory

______ suggests that employees can be motivated by goals that are specific and challenging but achievable.

Goal-setting theory

When physically attractive people are also assumed to be smarter and nicer, which perception distortion has occurred?

Halo effect

______ proposed that work satisfaction and dissatisfaction arise from different sets of causes.

Herzberg's two-factor theory

Which motivational theory uses behavior modification?

Reinforcement theory

Which of the following is included in the internal dimensions of diversity?

Sexual orientation

The tendency of people to exert less effort when working in groups than when working alone is known as social loafing.

True

During the storming stage of group and team development, which of the following is most important for the team leader to encourage?

Voicing of disagreements

Under which of the following conditions would a manager create conflict to improve performance?

When there are many yes-people in the group.

The Pygmalion effect is also known as

a self-fulfilling prophecy.

For a manager, building an effective team requires work, but the payoff is

a stronger, better-performing work unit.

The final stage of group and team development is known as

adjourning.

Women and minorities hired on the basis of ______ may feel stigmatized as unqualified and incompetent and experience lower job satisfaction and more stress than employees supposedly selected on the basis of merit.

affirmative action

If you have ______, your belief in the power of forces around you means that you may do best in a highly structured job that requires greater compliance.

an external locus of control

"I'm going to buy a Ford to support the U.S. auto industry" is an example of which component of attitude?

behavioral

Belittling the importance of the inconsistent behavior is one way to reduce

cognitive dissonance.

Before applying, Jason read the job ______ for the available position, which said that the responsible party reviews contracts for technical accuracy and completeness, and tracks invoices against the executed contracts.

description

A textile manufacturing company is closing a plant and permanently dismissing most of the employees who work there. When Kenneth lost his job in this way, it is known as a(n)

downsizing.

A person who scores high on the ______ personality dimension is typically relaxed, secure, and unworried.

emotional stability

You may compare your ratio of inputs to outputs to the ratio of others at your place of employment in a process described by ______ theory.

equity

The primary elements that determine how willing an employee is to work hard at tasks important to an organization, those that relate effort, performance, and outcomes, are

expectancy, instrumentality, and valence.

People often do volunteer work for the ______ rewards.

intrinsic

Baristas at a local coffee shop used to simply make the beverages ordered with a separate cashier. Recently, they were asked to take the orders and receive payments as well, helping a customer throughout a transaction. This change is considered

job enlargement.

Because of globalization and information technology, the United States no longer has an advantage in ________ workers.

knowledge

Members of a(n) ______ team are more likely to tolerate autocratic leadership, and therefore autocratic leadership is more common among teams of this nature.

large

In two-tier wage contracts, ________ employees are paid less or receive lesser benefits than ________ employees.

new; veteran

Although ______ are typically unwritten and seldom discussed openly, they have a powerful influence on group and organizational behavior.

norms

Computer-assisted instruction is most accurately defined as a form of

off-the-job training.

Salaried executive, administrative, and professional employees are exempt from ______ rules.

overtime

In hostile environment sexual harassment, the person being harassed does not

risk economic harm from the harasser.

Applications, résumés, interviews, and employment tests are known as ______ tools.

selection

When much of her work was automated with a new computerized system, Jaycee became unsure of her ability to do her job. Tom, her boss, has been mentoring her to improve her

self-efficacy.

In ______ teams, the traditional clear-cut distinction between manager and managed is blurred as nonmanagerial employees are delegated greater authority and granted increased autonomy.

self-managed

Empathy and organizational intuition are a part of which emotional intelligence (EI) trait?

social awareness

Lorelei frequently requests meetings between her team and counterparts in Portland. She often spots issues that will affect both groups and wants to work openly on coordination so there are no surprises for anyone. Lorelei plays a ______ role for her team.

task

A collection of five employees who are studying industry pay scales, with the goal of making recommendations for adjusting pay grades within their company, is known as a(n)

team.

The number one reason people quit their jobs is their dissatisfaction with

their supervisors.

When the two newly hired analysts compared notes, they found that their interviews had been quite different. Each was long and involved, but the content of the questions varied based on previous employment and education. They confirmed that this company used a(n) ______ interview.

unstructured

According to expectancy theory, your ______ is low if you don't think a bonus or raise is going to be big enough to justify working evenings and weekends.

valence

Employers must consider an employment test's ______, whether or not it measures what it purports to measure and is free of bias.

validity

Compensation, recognition, and status are common ______ in the workplace.

values

The purpose of job analysis is to determine, by observation and analysis, the basic elements of a job.

True

Which of the five core job characteristics influences the psychological state of experienced responsibility for work outcomes?

Autonomy

Which of the following is the most important factor that should be considered when building a group into an effective team?

Cohesiveness

Suggestions for improvement, training new people, and care for organizational property are examples of organizational citizenship behaviors.

True

______ consists of negotiations between management and employees about disputes over compensation, benefits, working conditions, and job security.

Collective bargaining

For Tamsin, an accounting manager, her performance review at the end of the year included feedback from the three employees that work for her, her boss, another accounting manager, and even a few employees in other departments with whom she worked recently. This is an example of a ______feedback appraisal.

360-degree

______ enables workers to focus on doing more of the same task to increase productivity.

Job simplification

______ is the process of interpreting and understanding one's environment.

Perception

______ can cause conflicts at work, make you feel fatigued all the time, and generate problems like insomnia, backaches, headaches, and chest pain.

Stress

______ refers to educating technical and operational employees in how to better do their current jobs.

Training

Human resource management consists of the activities managers perform to plan for, attract, develop, and retain an effective workforce.

True

Middle-aged male employees tend to have stable attitudes toward their work, even when they change jobs.

True

Pay for performance bases pay on one's results on the job.

True

Personality conflict is defined as interpersonal opposition based on personal dislike, disagreement, or differing styles.

True

A committee investigating the impacts of health care reform on the organization is an example of a(n)

formal group.

The purpose of the strategic human resource management process is to

get optimal work performance to help realize the company's mission and vision

The metaphor for an invisible barrier preventing women and minorities from being promoted to top executive jobs is called the

glass ceiling.

Stereotyping the opposition, rationalization, and peer pressure are symptoms of

groupthink

A(n) ______ focuses on self-responsibility, nutritional awareness, relaxation techniques, physical fitness, and environmental awareness.

holistic wellness program

The continuous cycle of improving job performance through goal setting, feedback and coaching, and rewards and positive reinforcement is known as

performance management.

According to the integrated model, motivation is affected by both contextual factors and ________ ones.

personal

Clothing and shelter are examples of ________ needs, according to Maslow.

physiological

Someone who is more apt to take initiative and persevere to influence the environment has a(n) ______ personality.

proactive

In Alderfer's ERG theory, the desire to have meaningful relationships with people who are significant to us is called

relatedness needs.

The workers on the night shift at a manufacturing plant would be considered a(n) ______ team.

production

Devil's advocacy and the dialectic method are forms of

programmed conflict.

The application of negative consequences to stop or change undesirable behavior is known as

punishment.