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MGMT Test 3 (everything under 50)

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settling a self-driving car trade secrets lawsuit with Waymo

CEO Khosrowshahi's strategic goal is for Uber to raise funds via an Initial Public Offering (IPO) in 2019. Which of the following would be an example of an operational goal in support of this?

overconfidence bias

California regulators tested Volkswagen cars and continually found them to pollute more on the road than in the lab. Volkswagen was informed about these irregularities at the time and executives concluded that they were the result of "technical glitches." Which decision-making heuristic can this be attributed to?

Job Analysis

Chad was the CEO's executive assistant for over 25 years, so when he retired what tasks he did as part of his job. Before he quit though, the HR manager sat with him to observe his duties and ask about the details of all functions. The HR manager was performing a(n) ________.

Because people are uncomfortable with inconsistency between their attitudes and behaviors, they will seek to reduce

Cognitive dissonance

________ is the personality dimension that describes how achievement-oriented and persistent a person is.

Conscientiousness

During the performing stage of team development, the group answers the question

"Can we do the job properly?"

When it comes to learning from failure in the innovation process, Pixar President Ed Catmull said,

"Mistakes are inevitable consequence of doing something new and should be seen as valuable."

Which of the following is the best statement of performance feedback?

"Your last report contained seven errors which I think you could improve."

Objective Appraisals

(results appraisals) based on facts often numerical

Roleplaying, Practice and Discussion

A human resource manager designs a training class aimed at improving group decision-making for the new cross-functional teams within her company. What delivery method should she choose?

Regularly communicate with employees about the plan

A manager should ________ when managing employees with an incentive pay plan.

reinforcement theory

A parent who rewards good behavior with praise and punishes bad behavior with time out is using ________.

Which type of workplace discrimination occurs when an organization uses an employment practice that results in unfavorable outcomes to a protected class?

Adverse impact

expectancy

After struggling with the electrical training, Tony is not confident that he can completely re-wire the machine he is working on. In this case, Tony is low on the ________ element of expectancy theory.

________ means that anyone can be dismissed at any time for any reason at all, or for no reason.

Employment at will

You may compare your ratio of inputs to the ratio of others at your place of employment in a process described by ____ theory.

Equity

_______ theory is a model of motivation that explains how people strive for fairness and justice in social exchanges or give-and-take relationships.

Equity

________ theory is a model of motivation that explains how people strive for fairness and justice in social exchanges or give-and-take relationships. Multiple Choice Hygiene Equity Expectancy Esteem Goal-setting

Equity

________ is "the ability to carry out accurate reasoning about emotions and the ability to use emotions and emotional knowledge to enhance thought." -Self-efficacy -Self-monitoring -Social awareness -Emotional intelligence -Self-esteem

Emotional intelligence

Dionne wants to post a vacancy as an internal only posting. Her manager, Ty, cautions her about only posting internally, as the benefits do not always outweigh the challenges. Which of the following might be a challenge that Ty is referring to?

Once that job is filled, it will create a new vacancy that Dionne will have to fill.

________ is the extent to which an employee identifies with an organization and is committed to its goals.

Organizational Commitment

Salaried executive, administrative, and professional employees are exempt from ______ rules

Fair Labor Standards Act

Which piece of legislation first established the U.S. federal minimum wage?

Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938

A person who scores high on the openness to experience personality dimension is typically relaxed, secure, and unworried.

False

According to Maslow, office parties, company softball teams, and management retreats provide self-actualization needs.

False

Adaptive change is the introduction of a practice that is new to the organization.

False

An employee assistance program focuses on self-responsibility, nutritional awareness, relaxation techniques, physical fitness, and environmental awareness.

False

Arbitration is the process in which a neutral third party, a mediator, listens to both sides in a dispute, makes suggestions, and encourages them to agree on a solution.

False

Because of globalization and information technology, the United States has an advantage in knowledge workers.

False

Before applying, Carlos read the job analysis for the available position, which said that the responsible party reviews contracts for technical accuracy and completeness, and tracks invoices against the executed contracts.

False

Cognitive dissonance can cause conflicts at work, make you feel fatigued all the time, and generate problems like insomnia, backaches, headaches, and chest pain.

False

During the storming stage of Tuckman's five-stage model, the leader of a team should allow members the empowerment they need to concentrate on solving problems and completing the assigned task.

False

For Megan, a program manager, her performance review at the end of the year included feedback from her four employees, her boss, another accounting manager, several clients, and even a few employees in other departments with whom she worked recently. This is an example of an employee survey.

False

Innovation can be easily systematized.

False

Job satisfaction is an individual's involvement, satisfaction, and enthusiasm for work.

False

Negotiations between management and employees about disputes over compensation, benefits, working conditions, and job security are referred to as the union-management debate.

False

OD intervention strategies that are successful in one country are highly likely to be successfully applied in other countries.

False

Thought is the process of interpreting and understanding one's environment.

False

Three types of selection tools, including background information, interviewing, and social media tests, help predict how well the candidate will perform the job and how long he or she will stay.

False

To motivate employees, employers need to primarily focus on fulfilling the top level of Maslow's hierarchy of needs, self-actualization.

False

True or False. Most workers rate monetary benefits higher than a caring boss

False

True or False. The most effective sources of new employee sources are job postings on websites.

False

True or False. To motivate employees, employers need to primarily focus on fulfilling the top level of Maslow's hierarchy of needs, self-actualization.

False

establish the mission and vision and values

Former-CEO Kalanick's question of "What kind of brand do we want to be?" represents which stage of the strategic management process?

Which of the following is a process perspective on motivation?

Goal-setting theory

extinction

Goal-setting theory suggests that employees can be motivated by goals that have all of the following characteristics except ________.

______ proposed that work satisfaction and dissatisfaction arise from different sets of causes.

Herzberg's two-factor theory

As you start a new job, it is important to focus on your personal adaptability. Which of the following suggestions would increase a person's adaptability?

Look for solutions.

resistance to change

Mallory has been managing her department the same way for 14 years with mixed results. A new director enters the company and tells her she needs to update her management style and her work routines. As a result, she gets angry and tells the director that she knows best how to run her department. Mallory's response could be characterized as ________.

________ is the extent to which an employee identifies with an organization and is committed to its goals.

Organizational commitment

_____________ is the set of techniques used for implementing planned change to make people and organizations more effective.

Organizational development

directive

If Volkswagen's current CEO, Herbert Diess, wants to focus on speed and results in cleaning up the scandal that has plagued the organization, he should utilize a(n) ___________ decision-making style.

According to Festinger, how people deal with cognitive dissonance depends on three factors. Which are the correct three factors?

Importance, Control, and rewards

According to Herzberg's two-factor theory, only ________ factors can make employees satisfied with their jobs.

Motivating

________ is the set of psychological processes that arouse and direct goal-directed behavior. Multiple Choice Self-actualization Motivation Productivity Reinforcement Self-determination

Motivation

________ is the expectation that successful performance of the task will lead to the desired outcome. Valence Reinforcement Expectancy Effort Instrumentality

Instrumentality

People often do volunteer work for the ______ rewards.

Intrinsic

_______ are voluntary collectives with the purpose of advancing their members' interests. One example of such a collective is the Teamsters Union.

Mutual-benefit organizations

According to the law, which of the following is considered an employment test?

NOT only personalty tests

What is the benefit of a manager being evaluated by his or her subordinates? Multiple Choice It will give you an unbiased opinion of your management style. It will let the subordinates know that you also are being evaluated. It can provide information for the subordinate's performance appraisals. It can be helpful for goal setting and personal growth. It can let you know who respects you and who does not.

It can be helpful for goal setting and personal growth.

rational decision-making model

Nicholas, a longtime hotel manager for Wyndham, was meeting with Sophie, a regional manager, and telling her about his recent decision not to fire a front desk employee about whom several guests had complained. Nicholas discussed the four stages of the decision process. He said, "I first identified the problem, and then I gathered alternative solutions. I evaluated each choice and selected a solution. I then implemented my decision to not fire the employee but instead to provide him with additional training. Finally, I followed up with an evaluation of the solution I'd chosen." Nicholas is using the ______ process.

How is artificial intelligence changing the recruiting process?

It can schedule interviews, screen and rank candidates, and administer ability tests.

conceptual

Nora is a small-business owner who loves to take risks. She also enjoys going out and meeting customers and potential clients—the social aspect of her job. Nora relies on intuition and discussions with others to acquire information. As an interior decorator, Nora utilizes her imaginative strengths, taking a broad perspective to problem solving, and she likes to consider many options and future possibilities. Nora's decision-making style is best described as

Jessica finishes her tasks for the day at about 3pm, so the rest of her time that day is free. She considers opening up Reddit and posting pictures of her cat doing funny things, but instead she asks Roger, her co-worker, if he needs any help on his work for the day. By offering help to Roger, Jessica is demonstrating ________. -creative task performance -OCB-O -task performance -adaptive task performance -OCB-I

OCB-I

Which example best describes the benefits of OD?

OD is used with employees dealing with stress that comes from revitalizing an organization or adapting to a merger.

The four major perspectives on motivation include?

Job Design Reinforcement Content Process

Most employees have some form of positive or negative attitudes about the work they do. What are these attitudes called? -Job involvement -Job satisfaction -Organizational commitment -Job performance -Job enrichment

Job Satisfaction

The four major perspectives on motivation include all except?

Job Satisfaction

________ is the extent to which employees have positive or negative feelings about various aspects of their work.

Job Satisfaction

Relatedness

People need to feel a sense of belonging, of attachment to others.

Competence

People need to feel qualified, knowledgeable, and capable of completing a goal or task and to learn different skills.

Autonomy

People need to feel they have freedom and the discretion to determine what they want to do and how they want to do it.

Which of the following diversity issues is true in the U.S. workforce?

People of color have hit the glass ceiling, with whites holding more of the managerial and professional jobs.

eight steps for leading organizational change

Kotter proposed which of the following for organization change?

Krystal works in the cosmetic industry. She is tasked with creating new perfumes, colognes, and lipstick colors annually. Her daughter has asked her to come to her school and present at career day, as she thinks what her mom does is cool and fun. How will Krystal describe what her mom does?

Krystal will say she is a product innovator.

_______ is the process of interpreting and understanding one's environment.

Perception

What is the final step in the strategic human resource management process?

Perform appraisals of people.

Which of the following is NOT a type of compensation?

Promotion

________ theory attempts to explain behavior change by suggesting that behavior with positive consequences tends to be repeated while behavior with negative consequences tends not to be repeated.

Reinforcement Theory

rational decision making

Scott and his partner, Greg, have decided to update their computer network, although they have no expertise in this area. During a meeting with Greg, Scott commented that "Our decision is limited by numerous constraints, such as our understanding of the complexity of technology, time and money, imperfect information, and our conflicting goals." These limitations are hindrances to

________ is the tension people feel when they are facing or enduring extraordinary demands, constraints, or opportunities and are uncertain about their ability to handle them effectively.

Stress

Title VII of the Civil Rights

The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission was established by the ________ Act.

________ occurs when we form an impression of an individual based on a single trait.

The Halo Effect

________ is the process of having two people or groups play opposing roles in a debate to better understand a proposal.

The dialectic method

Why would a group or team NOT typically enforce norms?

There is a need to create a written document of guidelines for new employees.

A(n) ________ appraisal assesses employees on subjective attributes like attitude or leadership.

Trait

_____ are subject to validity problems due to evaluator bias. Multiple Choice Personality appraisals 360-degree feedback forms Trait appraisals Objective appraisals Behavioral appraisals

Trait appraisals

________ are subject to validity problems due to evaluator bias.

Trait appraisals

According to one study, middle-aged male employees tend to have stable attitudes toward their work, even when they change jobs.

True

Internal dimensions of diversity are those human differences that exert a powerful, sustained effect throughout every stage of our lives: gender, age, ethnicity, race, sexual orientation, and physical abilities.

True

Internals likely would prefer and respond more productively to incentives such as merit pay or sales commissions.

True

Low self-efficacy is associated with learned helplessness, the debilitating lack of faith in one's ability to control one's environment.

True

Since internals seem to have a greater belief that their actions have a direct effect on the consequences of that action, internals likely would prefer and respond more productively to incentives such as merit pay or sales commissions.

True

The marketplace is becoming less homogeneous and moving toward more niche products.

True

The value of Kotter's steps for leading organizational change is that they provide specific recommendations about behaviors that managers need to exhibit to successfully lead organizational change.

True

There are two different approaches to job design. The traditional approach to job design is to fit people to the jobs; the modern way is to fit the jobs to the people.

True

True or False. A job specification describes the minimum qualifications a person must have to perform the job successfully. For example, a job specification for an editor may require all editors to have flawless grammar skills.

True

True or False. An example of a self-fulfilling prophecy is a server who expects some poorly dressed customers to be stingy tippers, who therefore gives them poor service, and so gets the result he expected—a much lower tip than usual.

True

True or False. Every year, 10 percent of GE's managers are assigned the bottom grade during the annual review cycle, and if they don't improve, they are asked to leave the company. GE uses a forced ranking performance review system.

True

True or False. Those who have the Type A behavior pattern are involved in a chronic, determined struggle to accomplish more in less time.

True

True or False. To be most motivating, goals should be specific and challenging but achievable.

True

to explore opposite positions

What is the role of the devil's advocate in the decision-making process?

procedure

We Deliver trains its truck loaders how to set the packages in the delivery vehicles, so that when delivery drivers are pulling packages off their trucks, they are organized in a specific order and with the label facing forward to reduce errors and save time. A(n) _______ is being implemented when directing that the trucks be loaded in this specific manner.

Which question do individuals ask during the norming stage of group development?

What do the others expect me to do?

fail early, fail cheaply, and don't make the same mistake twice

When it comes to failure in the innovation process, Procter & Gamble CEO A. G. Lafley suggests that the key is to ________.

Reduce production errors by 10 percent by the end of the quarter.

Which of the following is the best statement of a goal?

Workers must pay the equivalent union dues, but are not required to join the union

agency shop

During the forming stage of a group or team, the leader should

allow people to socialize.

rational model of decision making

also known as the classical model

being dismissed "for cause" means that

an employee is being fired for poor job performance or unacceptable behaviors

Since Frank believes that external forces control him, he may do best in a highly structured job that requires greater compliance. This is an example of _________.

an external locus of control

People with ________ exhibit less anxiety, greater motivation, and stronger expectations that effort leads to performance

an internal locus of control

A specialist at FedEx who rides with couriers to learn about delivery time measurements and potential service problems is conducting a job

analysis

A specialist at FedEx who rides with couriers to learn about delivery time measurements and potential service problems is conducting a job Multiple Choice specification. posting. description. analysis. rotation.

analysis

employees who blame others for failure

Which of the following is the factor that most reduces an organization's ability to learn from failure?

Employee Referrals

Which of the following is the most effective source of new employees?

take less time to make decisions and are more confident about their choices than individuals are

With regard to decision making, it is accurate to say that groups

information bias

__________ is the tendency for people with strong prior beliefs, when confronted with a choice, to make their decisions based on assumptions they've already made.

Specialists work together to achieve ________ in a highly integrated organization.

a common goal

A formal chain of command, the standardization of rules and procedures, and the use of cross-functional teams and computer networks so that there is frequent communication and coordination of the parts are the means for achieving

a common goal through integration.

Self-managed teams are groups of workers who have been given ________ for their task domains.

administrative oversight

A ______ summarizes what the holder of the job does and how and why he or she does it. For example, this document might state, "In this job, the worker delivers pizzas within a 10-mile radius of the pizzeria, quickly and promptly, while obeying all traffic laws and driving responsibly."

job description

When one department store authorized thousands of clerks to handle functions normally reserved for managers, they gave more responsibilities to clerks is a technique of ________

job enlargement

When one department store authorized thousands of its sales clerks to handle functions normally reserved for store managers, such as handling merchandise-return problems and approving customers' checks, they gave them more responsibility, a _________ technique.

job enrichment

The four major perspectives on motivation include all except_____.

job satisfaction

A ________ summarizes what skills the holder of the job must have and the minimum knowledge he or she has in order to perform the job successfully. -job analysis -job specification -realistic job preview -performance appraisal -job description

job specification

Workplace stress diminishes all of the following EXCEPT

job turnover

Which of the following is not a way to encourage innovation? -creating a culture that celebrates failure. -withholding raises and promotions when innovation attempts don't work out. -use broad environmental scanning to identify opportunities for innovation -supporting innovation with investments of time and money. -reinforcing experimentation through shared knowledge

withholding raises and promotions when innovation attempts don't work out.

Which teams are usually permanent?

work teams

Virtual teams

work together over time and distance via electronic media to combine effort and achieve common goals a type of team

Union Shop

workers must join union with in certain amount of time after hire

Agency Shop

workers must pay equivalent of union dues, but do not have to join the union

If a person is satisfied with their job, which of the following may NOT be reduced?

workload

Despite the increase of automation, which jobs are on the rise?

knowledge work jobs

Which of the following is NOT a leading reason that employees resist change? Multiple Choice fear of failure individual predisposition toward change climate of mistrust lack of personal ethics non-reinforcing reward systems

lack of personal ethics

Which of the following activities will impact human capital? Multiple Choice automation cooperation trusting relationships lack of sleep rich networks

lack of sleep

Goal-setting theory suggests that employees can be motivated by goals that have all of the following characteristics EXCEPT

little or no feedback.

Triple bottom line (other definition)

measures an organization's social, environmental, and financial performance

Validity

measures what it purports to measure and is free of bias

In managing virtual workers, a manager should

meet regularly, face-to-face.

Which generation is the largest adult generation in the United States?

millenials

According to Herzberg's two-factor theory, only ________ factors can make employees satisfied with their jobs. Multiple Choice security growth hygiene affiliation motivating

motivating

_______ is the set of psychological processes that arouse and direct goal-directed behavior.

motivation

________ is the set of psychological processes that arouse and direct goal-directed behavior.

motivation

Adverse Impact

occurs when an organization use and employment practice/procedure that results in unfavorable outcomes to protected class (Hispanics over Whites)

Computer-assisted instruction is usually a form of _____.

off-the-job training

____________ is (are) defined as those stable psychological and behavioral attributes that give you your identity.

personality

Which of the following is NOT a component of an innovation system?

philanthropic strategies

According to the acquired needs theory, the desire to influence others is part of the need for

power

According to the acquired needs theory, the desire to influence others is part of the need for

power.

Which of the following is not a recommended way to manage innovation and change?

prevent failure at all cost

Results-oriented leadership (4 types, consideration, empowering leadership, ethical leadership, servant leadership)

primarily concerned with the leader's interactions with his or her employees

Jason is more apt to take initiative and persevere to influence the environment; he has a(n) ______ personality.

proactive

________ perspectives are theories that try to understand the thought processes by which people decide how to act.

process

Meili's employer distributes checks at the end of each quarter, representing an equitable portion of 5 percent of the company's pretax profits for the previous quarter. These are ________checks. Multiple Choice bonus pay for knowledge profit sharing gainsharing pay for performance

profit sharing

Herzberg two-factor theory

proposed that work satisfaction and dissatisfaction arise from two different factors--work satisfaction from motivating factors and work dissatisfaction from hygiene factors

A supervisor told a salesperson who had not made any calls to clients and therefore did not make quota, "Well, if this continues in the next 30 days, you'll probably be let go." The supervisor provides an example of

punishment

punishment.

As the winter holiday season was approaching, Margie decided to give each team a window display or an indoor display to decorate. She gave minimal instructions about how to do the displays but was firm on the deadline and also explained that it was not a competition. Margie really wanted the different teams throughout the store to have fun and get in the spirit. Margie was trying to instill

autonomy

_______ is the extent to which a job allows an employee to make decisions about scheduling different tasks and deciding how to perform them.

autonomy

________ is the extent to which a job allows an employee to make decisions about scheduling different tasks and deciding how to perform them.

autonomy

Justyne supervises several employees who seem to have low self-efficacy. To improve this situation, she should do all the following EXCEPT

avoid rewarding small successes.

According to the integrated model, motivation is affected by both personal factors and ________ ones. a) historic b) contextual c) subconscious d) incentive e) irrational

b) contextual The way motivation works actually is complex, the result of multiple personal and contextual factors. The individual personal factors that employees bring to the workplace range from personality, to ability, to emotions, to attitudes. The contextual factors range from organizational culture, to cross-cultural values, to the physical environment, and other matters.

ethnocentric managers

believe that their native country, culture, language, and behavior are superior to all other

This part of compensation is nonmonetary and is given to enrich the lives of employees.

benefits

Functional conflict

benefits the main purposes of the organization and serves its interests

The number one reason people quit their jobs is their dissatisfaction with _____. a) long hours b) the lack of opportunities for learning c) their supervisors d) their wages or salaries e) the physical work environment

c) The number one reason people quit their jobs is their dissatisfaction with their supervisors, not their paychecks. Industrial psychologist B. Lynn Ware suggests that if you learn valued employees are disgruntled, you should discuss it with them.

Competence, autonomy, and relatedness are the primary motivations for behavior according to _____. a) expectancy theory b) hierarchy of needs theory c) self-determination theory d) two-factor theory e) acquired needs theory

c) self-determination theory To achieve psychological growth, according to self-determination theory, people need to satisfy the three innate (inborn) needs of competence, autonomy, and relatedness.

Beam Satellite Network has decided to offer a one-hour appointment window for customers needing installation or repair of its service, which will require the company to have several technicians on call. Beam hopes this practice will give it an advantage over the competition, none of which have adopted such a practice. Beam Satellite Network is introducing a(n) ______ change. Multiple Choice active adaptive radically innovative reactive innovative

radically innovative

To achieve psychological growth, according to the self-determination theory, people need to satisfy the three innate needs: ________, autonomy, and competence.

relatedness

On the first day of class, your teacher walked in and told everyone to look to the left and to the right at the people sitting next to them, because at the end of the semester only one of them would still be in the class with a passing grade. The teacher stated a

self fulfilling prophecy

An accounting firm reimburses employees for tuition and fees if they complete job-related coursework with a B or better. The accounting firm's tuition-reimbursement policy helps its employees meet their ________ needs.

self-actualization

Competence, autonomy, and relatedness are the primary motivations for behavior according to _____.

self-determination theory

Boring, tedious jobs generally reduce people's perceptions of their

self-efficacy

When much of her work was automated with a new computerized system, Brittany became unsure of her ability to do her job. Sara, her boss, has been mentoring her to improve her __________.

self-efficacy

________ is the extent to which people like or dislike themselves.

self-esteem

________ is the ability to control your emotions and act with honesty and integrity in reliable and adaptable ways.

self-management

motivating factors

simply motivators, factors associated with job satisfaction--such as achievement, recognition, responsibility, and advancement--all of which affect the job content or the rewards of work performance

Core Job Characteristics

skill variety, task identity, task significance, autonomy, feedback

"Be all you can be is an example" of a(n)

slogan or saying.

While a moderate amount of stress can have some health and behavioral benefits, excess stress can reveal itself in all of the following ways EXCEPT

slurred speech.

Empathy and organizational intuition are a part of which emotional intelligence (EI) trait?

social awareness

________ is a state of emotional, mental, and even physical exhaustion, expressed as listlessness, indifference, or frustration.

burnout

Timothy was hiring a new financial analyst, and he had several good candidates. He was leaning toward hiring Jade, a Japanese American woman, because he thinks Asians are better at math. Timothy is exhibiting which distortion in perception?

stereotyping

The group development stage in which individuals test the leader's policies and assumptions as they try to determine how they fit into the power structure is the ________ stage.

storming

When workers perceive they are being treated fairly on the job, they are most likely to ______________ Multiple Choice seek additional education. support organizational change. show improved safety practices. pass up promotional opportunities. be a whistle-blower.

support organizational change.

Reliability

test measures the same thing consistantly

Kwan has a Master's degree in psychology, but he is working at a sunglasses cart in the mall. He is currently experiencing

underemployment.

To explain how to initiate, manage, and stabilize planned change, Kurt Lewin developed a model with three stages. They were _______.

unfreeze, change, refreeze

In the ______ stage of Kurt Lewin's change model, managers try to instill in employees the motivation to change, encouraging them to let go of behaviors that are resistant to innovation.

unfreezing

Studies exploring nurses' perceptions about using PDAs in their daily patient practice found initial resistance, with some nurses concerned about the cost and short technological life cycle of these devices. As part of the __________ stage of change, the nurses' managers try to instill in them the motivation to change, encouraging them to let go of attitudes and behaviors that are resistant to innovation.

unfreezing

simple model of motivation

unfulfilled need, motivation, behaviors, rewards, feedback

Workers aren't required to be union members when hired but must join the union within a specified time.

union shop

When the two newly hired analysts compared notes, they found that their interviews had been quite different. Each was long and involved, but the content of the questions varied based on previous employment and education. They confirmed that this company used a(n) ______ interview

unstructured

A(n) ________ is susceptible to legal attack because some questions may infringe on non-job-related matters such as privacy, diversity, or disability.

unstructured interview

According to expectancy theory, your ______ is low if you don't think a bonus or raise is going to be big enough to justify working evenings and weekends.

valence

Employers must consider an employment test's ______, whether or not it measures what it purports to measure and is free of bias

validity

Employers must consider an employment test's ______, whether or not it measures what it purports to measure and is free of bias.

validity

valence

value, the importance a worker assigns to the possible outcome or reward

Compensation, recognition, and status are common ______ in the workplace.

values

________ are abstract ideals that guide ones thinking and behavior across all situations.

values

Which of the following learning and development methods is most appropriate when people just need to learn facts such as work rules or legal matters?

videotapes, workbooks, and lectures

value statement

what the company stands for, its core priorities, the values its employees embodies

Effective means to achieve results (and to make the right decisions to achieve organizations goals), efficient means to use resources (like people and money wisely and cost-effectively)

whats the difference between effective and efficient?

Disparate Treatment

when group such as disabled individual are intentionally treated diffrently

When would you use a motivating potential score?

when using the job characteristics model

When would you use a motivating potential score? Multiple Choice when using the reinforcement theory when using the equity theory when using the job characteristics model when using goal-setting theory when using McClelland's acquired needs theory

when using the job characteristics model

The ________ component of an attitude consists of the beliefs and knowledge one has about a situation.

cognitive

process perspectives

concerned with the thought processes by which people decide how to act

Typically the_________ clause in a union contract is tied to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics' consumer price index (CPI). Multiple Choice cost-of-living adjustment (COLA) right-to-work agency union security givebacks

cost-of-living adjustment (COLA)

Absenteeism, drug and alcohol abuse, and disciplinary problems are examples of

counterproductive work behaviors

Absenteeism, drug and alcohol abuse, and disciplinary problems are examples of ___________

counterproductive work behaviors

job enrichment

consists of building into a job such motivating factors as responsibility, achievement, recognition, stimulating work, and advancement; the practical application of Herzberg's two-factor motivator-hygience theory of job satisfaction

job enlargement

consists of increasing the number of tasks in a job to increase variety and motivation

According to the integrated model, motivation is affected by both personal factors and ________ ones.

contextual

The internal labor market includes which group as a source of potential new employees? -union referrals -newspaper ads -employment agencies -current employees -college recruiters

current employees

Ford Motor Co. has separate divisions for passenger cars, for large trucks, and for farm products. Ford uses _______ in its organization.

customer divisions

People often do volunteer work for the ______ rewards. a) extrinsic b) job enrichment c) valence d) intrinsic e) gainsharing

d) An intrinsic reward is satisfaction, such as a feeling of accomplishment, that a person receives from performing the particular task itself. An intrinsic reward is an internal reward; the payoff comes from pleasing yourself.

Which of the following is not a contextual factor of motivation? a) cross-cultural values b) organizational culture c) rewards and reinforcement d) employee personality e) physical environment

d) employee personality Contextual factors of motivation include organizational culture, cross-cultural values, physical environment, rewards and reinforcement, group norms, communication technology, leader behavior, and organizational design.

Social network analysis allows managers to identify value producing network dynamics in all of the following cases, except _______________. -developing an ability to sense and respond to key problems opportunities -driving planned and emergent innovation -decreasing information flow and knowledge-reuse -nurturing value-creating interactions

decreasing information flow and knowledge-reuse

________ occurs when people are hired or promoted, or denied hiring or promotion, for reasons not relevant to the job.

discrimination

________ represent(s) all the ways people are unlike and alike.

diversity

Employees at Between the Rounds believe that the company is fair to all employees, regardless of their age, gender, race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, or disability. It is accurate to say that Between the Rounds has a positive

diversity climate

The risk of "wrongful termination" lawsuits is reduced with careful

documentation

When is the cultural tone of a company usually set?

during the hiring process

Human Capital

economic or productive potential of employee knowledge, experience, and actions

Social Capital

economic or productive potential of strong, trusting, and cooperative relationship

Which of the following is NOT an example of an incentive?

education reimbursements

Which of the following is NOT an example of an incentive? Multiple Choice education reimbursements profit-sharing plans commissions stock options bonuses

education reimbursements

Samir, the new CEO of Cloud Marketing, has been with the firm for over 25 years. He was picked by the board to turn the 85-year-old agency around because it had lost its edge in the Internet age. To infuse new life and energy into the agency, Samir wants to bring back some old ideas that previously worked at Cloud. He plans on having managers and veteran employees instruct each other about the organization's values, beliefs, and expectations; telling stories about some of the company legendary ad campaigns; coming up with a slogan that summarizes Cloud's abilities in a simple and memorable phrase; and having quarterly ceremonies where creativity and innovation are rewarded. The things that Samir wants to do are all examples of

embedding culture.

People high in ________ are responsive to others social and interpersonal cues.

emotional intelligence

People high in ________ are responsive to others' social and interpersonal cues.

emotional intelligence

Odell is frequently nervous, tense, and worried, both at work and at home. He likely scores low on which of the Big Five personality dimensions?

emotional sability

Odell is frequently nervous, tense, and worried, both at work and at home. He likely scores low on which of the Big Five personality dimensions

emotional stability

Odell is frequently nervous, tense, and worried, both at work and at home. He likely scores low on which of the Big Five personality dimensions?

emotional stability

Which is the following is not a contextual factor to motivation?

employee personality

Which of the following is not a contextual factor of motivation?

employee personality

Closed Shop

employers may hire only workers for a job who are already in a union

Job ________ is the process of increasing the number of tasks in a job to increase variety and motivation

enlargement

Job ________ is the opposite of Multiple Choice loading; job enrichment. enlargement; scientific management. rotation; job focus. rotation; job enlargement. enlargement; job enrichment.

enlargement; scientific management.

According to Maslow, the need for status, reputation, and recognition is part of a person's ________ needs.

esteem

After struggling with the accounting training, Aaron is unsure whether he can complete the end-of-year financial reporting with no errors in the time allotted. In this case, Aaron is low on the ________ element of expectancy theory.

expectancy

1. (coordinated effect) the coordination of individual efforts into a group or organization-wide effort 2. (common purpose) gives everyone an understanding of the organization's reason for being

explain the difference between Edgar Schein's coordinated effect and common purpose

rational model of decision making (2)

explains how managers should make decisions; it assumes managers will make logical decisions that will be the optimum in furthering the organization's best interests

Affective ("I feel")

feelings or emotions one has about a situation

The three types of dismissals are ______, downsizings, and layoffs.

firings

Affirmative Action

focus on achieving equality with in organization

equity theory

focuses on employee perceptions as to how fairly they think they are being treated compared with others, J. Stacy Adams.

Eddie was surprised to learn that not everyone would receive a bonus this year. Instead, management planned to rank all of the employees in Eddie's division and award bonuses only to the top 20 percent in terms of sales. Eddie's company is using a(n) ________ performance review system.

forced ranking

A(n) ________ group is created to do something productive for the organization and is headed by a leader. For example, this group may be created to develop a new line of skin-care products specifically for people with sensitive skin.

formal

Salon Products recently introduced a new all-natural shampoo. Logan, director of new product development, has just reviewed the dismal results. As it appears that his team adequately researched the product's acceptance by consumers prior to its introduction, he is confused by the outcome. But to keep his team open to innovation, Logan should Multiple Choice demote the team leader. foster an innovative culture and climate that permits experimentation, risk taking, and failure. ignore the product failure. step down as director. fire and replace the team lead as an example to others.

foster an innovative culture and climate that permits experimentation, risk taking, and failure.

Simply You has a president, vice president of marketing, and vice president of finance, each with their own departments under them. This is an example of which organizational structure?

functional

Because the production division at Ricklin's Fences is $10,000 below budget due to process improvements, this year 25 percent of the savings will be returned to the division to spend as desired as a form of

gainsharing

Due to changes in production, Hanson Steel gave each employee 75 percent of the cost savings. Hanson Steel uses a ________ compensation plan. Multiple Choice benchmarking pay-for-knowledge profit-sharing pay-for-performance gainsharing

gainsharing

Which of the following is a career readiness competency desired by employers?

generalized self-efficacy

During Lewin's changing stage, managers should

give employees new information, perspectives, and models for behavior.

formal group

group assigned by organizations or its managers to accomplish specific goals

informal group

group formed by people whose overriding purpose is getting together for friendship or a common interest

Self-managed teams

groups of workers who are given administrative oversight for their task domains a type of team

Justice approach

guided by respect for impartial standards of fairness and equity policies administered impartially and fairly, regardless of gender, age, sexual organization, and the like

Utilitarian approach

guided by what will result in the greatest good for the greatest number of people often associated with financial performance

Marlene works in a manufacturing facility, Carz Parts. Throughout the building there were posters and calendars of a sexually explicit nature, making Marlene very uncomfortable. Carz Parts

has a hostile work environment

Hierarchy culture (a type of organizational culture)

has internal focus values stability and control over flexibility formalized, structured work environment

work teams

have a clear purpose that all members share, usually permanent, and members must give their complete commitment to the team's purpose in order for the team to succeed a type of team

For managers, the importance of Maslow's contribution is that he showed that workers

have needs beyond that of just earning a paycheck

For managers, the importance of Maslow's contribution is that he showed that workers Multiple Choice have needs that cannot be understood by their employer. have needs beyond that of just earning a paycheck. are as complex as their organization. expect an employer to fulfill every level in their hierarchy of needs. are interested only in compensation that helps them fulfill physiological needs.

have needs beyond that of just earning a paycheck.

division of labor (edgar schein)

having discrete parts of a task done by different people

emotional stability

how relaxed, secure, and unworried one is

A(n) ___________ is a report listing an organization's employees by name, education, training, languages, and other important information.

human resource inventory

Colin is a branch manager for a large freight company. He has noticed low morale lately, perhaps because of the cramped quarters, stricter policies, and lack of raises this year. According to Herzberg, Colin should first concentrate on

hygiene factors.

Clay met with his supervisor, Suri, to discuss that he was being given the same bonus as everyone else on his team at the end of each year, even though he had a Master's degree, took on extra and more difficult projects, and finished well ahead of given deadlines. Because Suri is not able to change the bonus, she can expect Clay to respond in all of the following ways EXCEPT

ignoring his feeling of resentment

According to Festinger, how people deal with cognitive dissonance depends on three factors. Which are the correct three factors?

importance, control, and rewards

Which of the following is NOT one of the primary uses of OD? Multiple Choice revitalizing an organization adapting to an acquisition improving recruitment managing conflict adapting to a merger

improving recruitment

This part of compensation is given to employees to encourage them to be more productive, or to attract or retain top performers

incentives

Cross-functional teams

include members from different areas within an organization, such as finance, operations, and sales a type of team

Which of the following is NOT an inside force that indicates organizational change might be needed?

increased competition

Improving the effectiveness of an activity that the organization already does is called a(n) ________ change. -innovative -transformational -adaptive -revolutionary -incremental

incremental

Which of the following is NOT a supertrend shaping the future of business? Multiple Choice information becoming a competitive advantage offshore suppliers affecting U.S. business traditional companies struggling with radically innovative change faster speed-to-market more niche products

information becoming a competitive advantage

Fresh and Clean, Inc. is considering implementing a system that will pay its cleaning workers based on the number of completed residential jobs, coupled with satisfactory ratings on random inspections to ensure quality. This system is new to the organization, and it is an example of __________ change. Multiple Choice radically innovative highly complex innovative adaptive familiar

innovative

Merchants Credit Union has decided that tellers must rotate through a new weekend shift on Saturday afternoons because several of its financial competitors have recently begun to offer additional hours to customers. Merchants Credit Union is implementing a(n) ______ change.

innovative

At his review last year, Lucas was promised a 20 percent raise if he met his production goals. Raises were included in today's paychecks, and although Lucas has met all of his goals, he received only a cost-of-living raise. In the future, Lucas' ________ will probably be

instrumentality; low.

Employees with a(n) ________ locus of control will probably resist close managerial supervision and should probably be placed in jobs requiring high initiative and lower compliance.

internal

People often do volunteer work for the ______ rewards.

intrinsic

job design

is (1) the division of an organization's work among its employees and (2) the application of motivational theories to jobs to increase satisfaction and performance

Lines in a network diagram can represent ______________. -information flows -individuals -companies -departments -all of these

information flows

When someone faces too many demands on their internal processing capabilities or time to process during communication, they're facing ________. -emotional disconnects -selection perception -filtering -semantic credibility -information overload

information overload

innovative

South Beach Insurance is about to begin using a program that will change the way its adjusters settle insurance claims. Adjusters will be able to complete an adjustment and issue a check right at the scene of the accident. Although employees are uncertain that the new system will work, other insurance agencies have been successful with this approach. At South Beach Insurance, the new program represents ________ change.

innovative

When a grocery store chain adopts a new practice of its competitors by staying open 24 hours a day, requiring employees to work flexible schedules, it is considered a(n) ______ change.

innovative

Clan culture (a type of organizational culture)

internal focus flexibility over stability collaboration among employees

If you have a(n) ________, you believe you control your own destiny.

internal locus of control

Margarita believes that she controls her own destiny. She is a rather shy person who is extremely dependable and responsible, and her coworkers respect her greatly. Margarita has a(n) ________ locus of control and would rate high on the ________ dimension of personality.

internal; conscientiousness

According to Herzberg, which of the following is an example of a hygiene factor?

interpersonal relationships

According to Herzberg, which of the following is an example of a hygiene factor? Multiple Choice interpersonal relationships the work itself responsibility advancement recognition

interpersonal relationships

Workplace performance is maximized when conflict

is at a moderate level.

Which of the following is not one of the four steps for fostering innovation?

issue a mandate: change or leave

Employees are likely to see an adaptive change as

least threatening.

A person's overall satisfaction with work depends on how he or she feels about several components. Which of the following is not such a component? -pay -life outside of work -coworkers -supervision -promotions

life outside of work

Which of the following is an inside force for change? Multiple Choice domestic competition immigration advancements in automation recession low productivity and turnover

low productivity and turnover

Hierarchy of authority (edgar schein)

making sure the right people do the right things at the right time (unity of command)

Lexie, a new manager, must enforce sales report deadlines, but her team is struggling. She creates a new system to streamline the process and helps everyone understand why the deadlines are important. On which of the following internal forces is Lexie trying to have an impact? Multiple Choice human resource concerns demographic characteristics social and political pressures shareholder, customer, and market changes manager's behavior

manager's behavior

Subjective Appraisals

managers perception of employees traits and or behaviors

An innovative change involves ______ complexity, cost, and uncertainty.

moderate

Which of the following criterion is NOT a characteristic of the best incentive plans?

monetary compensation to every employee

Which of the following criterion is NOT a characteristic of the best incentive plans? Multiple Choice rewards agreed on by the manager and employees believable and achievable rewards measurable rewards linked to performance monetary compensation to every employee rewards satisfying individual needs

monetary compensation to every employee

operational control

monitoring performance to ensure that operational plans - day-to-day goals - are being implemented and taking corrective action as needed a type of control

Strategic control

monitoring performance to ensure that strategic plans are being implemented and taking corrective action as needed a type of control

Tactical control

monitoring performance to ensure that tactical plans - those at the divisional or departmental level - are being implemented and taking corrective action as needed a type of control

polycentric, ethnocentric, geocentric

name each type of manager with the description -think foreign managers know best -think foreign managers do not know good practices -think you should take whatever practices work best

Dysfunctional conflict is sometimes called ________ conflict.

negative

According to Herzberg's two-factor theory, in the zone between the motivating factors and the hygiene factors, employees are

neither satisfied nor dissatisfied.

Keurig created a new category of coffee/tea preparation by offering one-cup-at-a-time pod-style brewing with its "K-cups." Keurig's product is an example of a(n) _____ innovation.

new-direction

It was the third meeting, but the group had finally agreed on the roles for each member. Cathy felt good about how things were progressing. It seemed that the conflicts had been resolved; Bella and Lewis had actually arrived on time with their tasks completed. Cathy felt they were now a team. They were now in the ________ stage.

norming

As a sales manager, Tanya is conducting performance appraisals for her team members. To do so, she tracks each person's sales calls, amount of sales, and revenues on a quarterly basis. Tanya is using a(n) ______ system of appraisal. Multiple Choice behavioral trait 360-degree subjective objective

objective

What is the process called that helps employees integrate and transition into their new job?

onboarding

The workers decided whether or not to join the union; and those who join must pay dues.

open shop

Anastasia impressed her boss by making many suggestions for department improvements and by putting in many weekend hours to do extra tasks to develop the new procedures. Anastasia is exhibiting

organizational citizenship behavior

Anastasia impressed her boss by making many suggestions for department improvements and by putting in many weekend hours to do extra tasks to develop the new procedures. Anastasia is exhibiting ______________

organizational citizenship behavior

Luke knows that his friend, Boba, has a lot of work today at the sarlacc pit, so he comes in to work a couple of hours before his shift starts to give Boba some help. What type of job performance is Luke demonstrating by coming in early? -job satisfaction -task performance -organizational citizenship behavior -workplace deviance behavior -person-organizational fit

organizational citizenship behavior

Anastasia impressed her boss by making many suggestions for department improvements and by putting in many weekend hours to do extra tasks to develop the new procedures. Anastasia is exhibiting

organizational citizenship behavior.

Cyril identifies with an organization and feels compelled to pursue its goals. He is experiencing ________. -job performance -job satisfaction -job involvement -job enrichment -organizational commitment

organizational commitment

Initiating-structure leadership (a type of task-oriented leadership behaviors)

organizes and defines what employees should be doing to maximize output

What is the process called that helps employees integrate and transition into their new job?

orientation INCORRECT

Salaried executive, administrative, and professional employees are exempt from ______ rules.

overtime

A sales commission is an example of a ________ compensation plan. Multiple Choice profit-sharing pay-for-performance gainsharing pay-for-knowledge Scanlon

pay-for-performance

Armando has a summer job hand-dyeing shirts that will be sold on the boardwalk. He is paid $5.00 per shirt. Armando is being paid on a ________ compensation plan.

pay-for-performance

Armando has a summer job hand-dyeing shirts that will be sold on the boardwalk. He is paid $5.00 per shirt. Armando is being paid on a ________ compensation plan. Multiple Choice profit-sharing pay-for-knowledge pay-for-performance gainsharing bonus

pay-for-performance

extrisnic rewards

payoff a person receives from others for performing a particular task (a reward)

________ is the process of interpreting and understanding ones environment.

perception

When Jasmine interviewed for a position as a computer programmer, she was asked to take a test on a particular programming language. Jasmine took a(n) ______ test. Multiple Choice performance capability personality ability aptitude

performance

The continuous cycle of improving job performance through goal setting, feedback and coaching, and rewards and positive reinforcement is known as ______.

performance management

Monique is very aggressive at her job, and her coworkers complain that she often manipulates them and her boss in order to get ahead. She attempts to direct everything and everyone, regardless of the consequences to others or even the organization itself. Monique is expressing what type of need for power?

personal

Maslow's levels of needs, in order from lowest (most basic) to highest level, are

physiological safety love esteem self-actuallization

As his manager, you notice that Luke exhibits an external locus of control when he speaks about work. You should ________ to motivate him. -provide incentives such as merit pay or sales commissions -give Luke a job without a lot of managerial supervision -give Luke a job that requires low compliance and high initiative -assign Luke complex and challenging work -place Luke in a highly structured job

place Luke in a highly structured job

The creation of products, services, or technologies designed to move the organization toward strategic goals is called ________ change. -radical -adaptive -incremental -product -planned

planned

________is the use of desirable consequences to strengthen a particular behavior.

positive reinforcement

Ashish is always coming up with new ideas and seeking funding to explore them. He sees opportunities in the marketplace and wants to be the first person to come up with new products and services that customers want. Ashish, a person who is apt to take initiative and persevere to influence the environment, has a(n) ________ personality.

proactive

Walmart's implementation of RFID, a type of technology that allows it to improve inventory tracking, is an example of a(n) ______ change because Walmart already had a very effective technology tracking system in place before it implemented RFID. Multiple Choice incremental proactive reactive responsive cultural

proactive

The business management department at a local university began posting all assignments and other class materials to a learning management course website instead of creating a packet or printed materials for students to purchase each term. The business management department is implementing a(n) ______ innovation.

process

Conflict

process in which one party perceives that its interests are being opposed or negatively affected by another party

A technological innovation that improves the performance and speed of a computer's operating system would be considered a(n) ______ innovation. Multiple Choice adaptive product transformational personnel process

product

What benefit does social network analysis provide over other types of tools that enhance connectivity? -It leads to bottlenecks in information flow. -It is less targeted in its scope. -Promotes effective collaboration. -It reduces collaboration friction among network nodes

promotes effective collaboration

Maslow Hierarchy of Needs Theory

proposes that people are motivated by five levels of needs: (1) physiological, (2) safety, (3) love, (4) esteem, and (5) self-actualization

If a manager knows one of her employees has low self-esteem and wishes to enhance it, she should ________. -give them difficult projects -let the employee work out how to accomplish tasks on their own -provide frequent reminders about improving weaknesses -provide lots of constructive pointers and positive feedback -redesign the work so that it is routine and structured

provide lots of constructive pointers and positive feedback

Iman's manager, using ________, required him to give up his company car because he had missed sales goals for four consecutive quarters.

punishment

When Jorge became one of three final candidates for a managerial position with a large pharmaceutical company, the hiring manager scheduled a special meeting with him. The two talked about the stressful deadlines and heavy travel required of the position, as well as the compensation and benefits. Jorge appreciated that the hiring manager took the time to provide a(n)

realistic job preview

realistic job preview.

To ________, Lance, an HR manager, used reports from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics and the U.S. Census Bureau for information about his industry's labor pool in his geographic area. Multiple Choice perform a job analysis develop an affirmative action program recruit from outside the organization analyze human capital recruit from inside the organization

recruit from outside the organization

________ is the process of locating and attracting qualified applicants for jobs open in the organization.

recruiting

_______________ is the process of locating and attracting qualified applicants for jobs open in the organization.

recruiting

Which of the following is the best statement of a goal?

reduce production errors by 10 percent by the end of the quarter

When Men's Wearhouse fired a salesperson who wasn't sharing walk-in customer traffic, and total clothing sales volume among all salespeople increased significantly, the company

reduced destructive internal competition.

Which of the following is NOT one of the five stages of team development?

reforming

If a manager knows one of her employees has low self-esteem and wishes to enhance it, she should

reinforce the employee's positive attributes and skills

If a manager knows one of her employees has low self-esteem and wishes to enhance it, she should

reinforce the employee's positive attributes and skills.

Triple bottom line

represents people, planet, and profit;

Shay is preparing to go into her meeting with her supervisor, Jill, to discuss her annual evaluation. She knows that there have been a few times this year where she could have performed better and she does not want to get angry in the meeting. Last night and on the ride in this morning, she rehearsed what she anticipated Jill would tell her and what her response would be. Shay was trying to Multiple Choice resist being defensive. practice being mindful. Incorrect ask for feedback. engage in active listening. identify her tendencies.

resist being defensive.

An emotional or behavioral response to real or imagined threats to an established work routine is known as _____.

resistance to change

In equity theory, employees are motivated to

resolve feelings of injustice and see fairness in the rewards they expect for task performance.

Antwan was recently promoted to the position of shift supervisor at If The Shoe Fits, and he is now responsible for making decisions on numerous matters in the store and giving orders to the floor staff. At the same time, Antwan has the obligation to perform the many new tasks assigned to him as a supervisor, such as overseeing the closing work and the cleaning of the store. Antwan's obligations are known as his

responsibility.

Reward power

results from managers' authority to reward their subordinates a type of power

Legitimate power

results from managers' formal positions within the organization a type of power

Expert power

results from one's specialized information or expertise a type of power

A(n) ________ form of media allows receivers to observe multiple cues, such as body language and tone of voice, allows senders to get feedback, and enhances the conveyance of feelings. -dense -formal -rich -encoded -informal

rich

Joe was just hired at a commercial bank to oversee the loans department. After his first week on the job, Joe is confused about what his manager expects of him and what criteria he will be evaluated on. Joe is experiencing ________- -role ambiguity -learned helplessness -burnout -role conflict -role overload

role ambiguity

Samir, an HR manager, is designing a training class for those working on the new cross-functional teams within her company. This class is aimed at improving group decision making and interpersonal relations. What method of delivery should Samir choose? Multiple Choice workbooks lectures role-playing, practice, and discussion computer-aided training videotapes

role-playing, practice, and discussion

Joyce would like to start working on a flexible schedule. Which is an option would Joyce NOT discuss with her employer?

sabbatical

Intrinsic rewards

satisfaction a person receives from performing the particular task itself (a reward)

Applications, résumés, interviews, and employment tests are known as ______ tools.

selection

A conversation with a candidate about their qualifications for the job is known as a(n) ________. -selection interview -initial screening -realistic job preview -internal labor market -job analysis

selection interview

People high in ________ are more likely to to feel positively about themselves and be confident in their actions. -emotional intelligence -self-esteem -extraversion -external locus of control -agreeableness

self-esteem

Which of the following is NOT a trait of emotional intelligence?

self-sufficiency

Firms such as Patagonia and Seventh Generation actively collect information about customer preferences and try to address them in their new products. Patagonia and Seventh Generation are actively trying to adapt to Multiple Choice shareholder, customer, and market changes. managers' behavior. social and political pressures. human resource concerns. technological advancements.

shareholder, customer, and market changes.

Knowledge Worker

someone whose occupation is principally concerned with generating or interpreting info, as opposed to manual labor

McClelland Acquired Needs Theory

states that three needs--achievement, affiliation, and power--are major motives determining people's behavior in the workplace,

Organizations sometimes stagnate and fail to innovate, which causes them to become uncompetitive. This is an example of ________ . -research and development -creating a culture -strategic inertia -developing newness within the firm -cooperative model expansion

strategic inertia

________ is the tension people feel when they are facing or enduring extraordinary demands, constraints, or opportunities and are uncertain about their ability to handle them effectively.

stress

When employees at Wells Fargo opened accounts in their members' names, not always with their consent, the employees blamed it on management, stating that the bank executives had set ________ goals, or goals that seemed unattainable.

stretch

goal-setting theory

suggests that employees can be motivated by goals that are specific and challenging but achievable, Locke and Latham

expectancy theory

suggests that people are motivated by two things: (1) how much they want something and (2) how likely they think they are to get it, Vroom

polycentric managers

take the view that native managers in the foreign offices best understand native personnel and practices, and so the home office should leave them alone

Zoe runs a flower shop. She recently made some changes so that one employee answers phones and completes the order and payment process, while another creates arrangements, and a third packages and delivers floral arrangements. Previously, each employee was responsible for the order from the phone call through the delivery. Zoe has made changes to

task identity

task identity.

A technician who is responsible for keeping an airport's control tower's electronic equipment in working order has higher ________ than a person welcoming you at a hotel.

task significance

As a maintenance person for the air force, Clint services aircraft engines, which protects the lives and safety of military personnel and increases their ability to conduct missions. Clint's job has a high level of

task significance.

Social media (LinkedIn, Facebook) can make the search for new employees more efficient. The rise of social media is an example of a(n) __________ advancement or force. Multiple Choice market technological social or political inside demographic

technological

The invention of a machine to make plastic corks for wine bottles has severely affected companies that produce traditional cork. The invention of the machine for making plastic corks is an example of a(n) ______ advancement. Multiple Choice economic market social and political demographical technological

technological

A self-fulfilling prophecy is also known as __________.

the Pygmalion effect

Rites and rituals are ____. For example, employees of New Belgium Brewery in Fort Collins, Colorado, get a free brewery-hopping trip to Belgium after being employed by the company for five years.

the activities and ceremonies that celebrate important occasions and accomplishments in the organization's life

punishment

the applicaation of negative consequences to stop or change undesirable behavior

expectancy

the belief that a particular level of effort will lead to a particular level of performance, effort-to-performance expectancy

Resistance to organizational change is considered to be the interaction of three causes. These causes can be generally described as employee characteristics, change agent characteristics, and _____.

the change agent-employee relationship

human capital

the economic force or productive potential of employee knowledge, experience, or action

instrumentality

the expectation that successful performance of the task will lead to the outcome desired, performance-to-reward expectancy.

Which of the following is NOT a factor that affects the level of resistance to change? Multiple Choice the gender of the change agent the change agent's leadership style change agent-employee relationship the change agent's ability to empathize with the employee's perspective employee characteristics and perceptions of change

the gender of the change agent

________ occurs when we form an impression of an individual based on a single trait.

the halo effect

In the Internet Age, retailers like Amazon and Apple are not constrained by physical shelf space and can offer consumers a much wider variety of products; yet small sales, one or two rather than millions of items at a time, can produce big profits. This development is an example of Multiple Choice the marketplace becoming more segmented and moving toward more niche products. declining population in developed countries. instant-gratification shopping. the rise of business-to-business technology. China becoming the second-largest economic power.

the marketplace becoming more segmented and moving toward more niche products.

According to the systems model of change, which of the following is NOT an input? Multiple Choice the organization's products or services an analysis of the organization's readiness for change the organization's vision statement the organization's mission statement the organization's strategic plan

the organization's products or services

Extrinsic Reward

the payoff, such as money, a person receives from others for performing a particular task

Organizational socialization (how employees learn culture)

the process by which people learn the values, norms, and required behaviors of an organization

Motivation

the psychological processes that arouse and direct goal-oriented behavior

negative reinforcement

the removal of unpleasant consequences following a desired behavior

intrinsic reward

the satisfaction, such as a feeling of accomplishment, a person receives from performing the particular task itself

organization culture

the set of shared, taken-for-granted implicit assumptions that a group holds and that determines how it perceives, thinks about, and reacts to its various environments

people, strategy, and operations

the three core processes of business are ____________________________________________________________

Communication is ______. -interpretation of messages sent via any media -a process involving only the sender, message, and receiver -the combined activities of speaking and listening -speaking or writing so that another is able to comprehend the meaning -the transfer of information and understanding from one person to another

the transfer of information and understanding from one person to another

positive reinforcement

the use of positive consequences to encourage desirable behavior

extinction

the withholding or withdrawal of positive reward for desirable behavior, so that the behavior is less likely to occur in the future

The number one reason people quit their jobs is their dissatisfaction with _____.

their supervisors

Lewin's change model consists of Multiple Choice three forces: employee characteristics, change agent characteristics, and change agent-employee relationships. three stages: unfreezing, changing, and refreezing. three types: adaptive, innovative, and radically innovative. three steps: diagnosis, intervention, and evaluation. four steps: recognize problems, gain allies, overcome resistance, and execute.

three stages: unfreezing, changing, and refreezing.

______ refers to educating technical and operational employees in how to better do their current jobs.

training

In sexual harassment, the harasser may be a(n) outsider, coworker, supervisor, or someone of the same sex.

true

Which of the following is the best statement of performance feedback? Multiple Choice "You're always doing personal stuff at work." "Your last report contained seven errors which I think you could improve." "That's the wrong way to sort those packages." "You are really unmotivated at work lately." "You've got to figure out how to improve your relationship with Susie."

"Your last report contained seven errors which I think you could improve."

A performance appraisal consists of

1) assessing an employee's performance 2) providing him or her with feedback

What are the characteristics of the best incentive plans?

1) rewards must be linked to preformance and be measurable 2) the rewards must satisfy individual needs 3) the rewards must be agreed on by manager and employees 4) the rewards must be believable and achievable by employees

What are the steps in the perceptual process?

1) selective attention 2) interpretation and evaluation 3) storing in memory 4) retrieving from memory to make judgments and decisions

Characteristics of the best incentive plans

1. Rewards must be linked to performance and be measurable 2. the rewards must satisfy individual needs 3. the rewards must be agreed on by manager and employees 4. the rewards must be believable and achievable by employees

Affective ("I feel") Cognitive ("I believe") Behavioral ("I intend")

1. feelings or emotions one has about a situation 2. Beliefs and knowledge one has about a situation 3. how one intends or expects to behave toward a situation

________ is(are) another way of describing a vertical hierarchy.

A chain of command

Disparate treatment

A company gives all opportunities for international assignments to people without disabilities, because the leadership doesn't want to deal with providing special accommodations. Which type of workplace discrimination is this?

Which of the following statements about sexual harassment is true?

A person who feels he or she must acquiesce to a sexual proposition to keep his or her job is facing quid pro quo harassment.

decision-making style

A person's ________ reflects the combination of how he or she perceives and responds to information.

How do groups make it through storming?

A respected member challenges the group to resolve power struggles.

pay-for-performance

A sales commission is an example of a ________ compensation plan.

During weekly conference calls, Zeke, a sales manager for a national chain of clothing stores, and the other managers in his district explain to their district manager the reasons for different decisions; they also explain why certain costs and sales were higher or lower than they were the previous week. _______ is the explanation of their decisions and work results.

Accountability

Which of the following is a good suggestion for managers when conducting interviews? Multiple Choice Ask questions spontaneously to get the most straightforward answers from the candidate. Do more than half of the talking to make sure you are sharing enough about the company and its culture. After the interview, write a short report with a quantitative score of the candidate's qualifications. Ask about the candidate's family to show personal interest. The resume should be used for selection of interview candidates only; ignore it thereafter.

After the interview, write a short report with a quantitative score of the candidate's qualifications.

A Seattle-based software firm, Sysco, was growing rapidly and hiring frequently, but it primarily focused on campus recruiting at two Washington universities, UW and Seattle University. When one 45-year-old candidate did not get an interview after a phone screening, he went to the company's website and noted all of the young people in charge. Which law allows him to file a lawsuit against Sysco alleging discrimination?

Age Discrimination in Employment

Which law restricts mandatory retirement? Multiple Choice Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 Family Medical Leave Act of 1993 Toxic Substances Control Act of 1976 Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970

Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967

Employees who are central to a network are typically seen as ______________ by others in the network. -leaders -brokers -influencers -all of these

All of these

Lacey has a degenerative eye disease that is causing her to gradually lose her eyesight. When Lacey asked her employer, Ideal Accessories, to purchase a low-vision computer for her use at work, she was fired. Ideal Accessories has violated the Multiple Choice Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA). Privacy Act. Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). Family and Medical Leave Act. Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. Explanation

Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA).

recognize problems, gain allies, overcome resistance, execute well

Archer realizes that his organization has become stagnant with few new ideas and even fewer opportunities. What sequence should he follow to foster innovation in an organization?

Objective

As a plant manager, Daneryce conducts performance appraisals for everyone on her team by tracking production rate, profit contribution, and safety compliance faults on a quarterly basis. Daneryce is using a(n) ________ system of appraisal.

control the direction

Assume Uber planned to cut losses by 40 percent by withdrawing from countries like China and Singapore. A year has now passed since they have withdrawn, and the company determines that losses have actually increased. Which step in the planning/control cycle does Uber need to now execute?

Dakota, a manager for a large trucking company, is beginning to evaluate his truck drivers but is unsure of which type of evaluation to use. He has data on the number of miles driven, customer complaints, number of traffic tickets, absences, and number of weight violations. How would you advise Dakota? Multiple Choice Convince him to use a behavioral appraisal to catalogue the customer complaints. Tell him to complete a 360-degree feedback appraisal with input from multiple stakeholders. Assure him that with the data he has, an objective appraisal would give feedback on how to evaluate and support the drivers. Explain he should use subjective appraisal, as the data will not yield an effective evaluation. Persuade him that forced ranking appraisal would be best because it would create competition.

Assure him that with the data he has, an objective appraisal would give feedback on how to evaluate and support the drivers.

deal with uncertain and competitive conditions

At the strategic level of planning, managers must pay attention to the environment outside the organization, be future oriented, and

________ programs help employees integrate and transition to a new job.

Attribution (The correct answer is actually onboarding)

________ is the extent to which a job allows an employee to make decisions about scheduling different tasks and deciding how to perform them.

Autonomy

________ is the extent to which a job allows an employee to make decisions about scheduling different tasks and deciding how to perform them. Multiple Choice Skill variety Task identity Task significance Horizontal loading Autonomy

Autonomy

Zora is conducting a performance appraisal for Sam, one of her employees. The company's performance appraisal form asks her to rate Sam's performance on various items like "Submits reports on time with minimal errors" on a scale from 1 to 5. Zora is using a ________ appraisal system.

BARS

is the proposed action legal?

Based on the ethical decision tree, on which question did the organization, Volkswagen, go wrong?

program

Based on what you know about the types of plans, self-driving cars would be an example of which of the following?

The interdisciplinary field of organizational ________ tries to explain and predict workplace behavior to help managers better lead and motivate others.

Behavior

"I'm going to buy a Ford to support the U.S. auto industry" is an example of which component of attitude?

Behavioral

Cognitive "I believe"

Beliefs and knowledge one has about a situation

ignoring his feeling of resentment and trying harder in next quarter

Blaine complained to his boss that he received the same bonus as everyone else, even though he worked longer hours and he had higher level of experience, production and efficiency. If his boss can't change the bonus, Blaine might do any of the following except ________.

bounded rationality

Christin, the CEO of a national IT manufacturer, was approached by Ultimate Phones, a new company that is marketing a new type of phone, to partner with the company on a project. The results of the partnership are uncertain because the company (Ultimate Phones) and its technology are new. Christin is uncertain what to do because she is limited by numerous constraints, such as the uncertainty and complexity of the technology, the management success of Ultimate Phones, and time (because other companies are interested in the partnership). Christin is experiencing

Which of the following is an example of a structural change? -Ciara's group sent a product that was nearing its launch date back to the drawing board based on a competitor's superior new offering. -Ciara combines the finance and accounting departments to work under a single supervisor. -Ciara is constantly "putting out fires," responding to daily crises in her group. -Ciara cannot get permission to hire another person until her group misses several deadlines. -Ciara's staff is unhappy about the long hours they have been working and several of them quit before she knows there is a problem.

Ciara combines the finance and accounting departments to work under a single supervisor.

In using reinforcement, a manger should

Clearly communicate the desired behavior

The ________ component of an attitude consists of the beliefs and knowledge one has about a situation.

Cognitive

Which of the following is NOT one of the main ways to reduce cognitive dissonance?

Complete an emotional intelligence assessment.

Tim has recently been laid off from his job. He was the one in his family who took care of health insurance. Which law will help him to continue to provide care for his family?

Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act

Tim has recently been laid off from his job. He was the one in his family who took care of health insurance. Which law will help him to continue to provide care for his family? Multiple Choice Patient Protection and Affordable Act Family Medical Leave Act Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act Civil Rights Act Equal Pay Act

Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act

strategic goal

Denise owns several computer repair shops across the Northeast, and she has set a goal for her company of cutting costs in all her locations over the next three years. Denise has set a(n)

Referent power

Derived from one's personal attraction (strong, visionary leadership) a type of power

Job ________ involves division of an organization's work among its employees and applies motivational theories to jobs to increase satisfaction and performance.

Design

There's too much evidence; there's not enough good evidence; side effects outweigh the cure

Despite your best intentions, it's hard to bring the best evidence to bear on your decisions. Why?

Ricky is a HR manager for an investment bank. The bank's employees experience a wide array of unhealthy stressors. Which of the following should Ricky NOT pursue to help the employees deal with the stress? -Develop a more formal structure with close, authoritative supervision. -Make career counseling available. -Make jobs interesting. -Provide employee assistance programs. -Recommend a holistic wellness approach.

Develop a more formal structure with close, authoritative supervision.

________ includes activities for educating managers in the skills they need to do their jobs in the future. -Development -Performance planning -Human resource management -Job analysis -Performance appraisal

Development

Workers who face discrimination in their jobs in the United States are best protected by ______ legislation.

EEO

________ is the belief that one's native country, culture, language, abilities, or behavior is superior to those of another culture.

Ethnocentrism

The theory under which people make the choice that promises them the greatest reward if they think they can get it is ________ theory.

Expectancy

What are the Big Five personality dimensions?

Extroversion Agreeableness Conscientiousness Emotional Stability Openness to experience

Which piece of legislation first established the U.S. federal minimum wage? -Fair Labor Standards Act -Occupational Safety and Health Act -Civil Rights Act -Social Security Act -Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA)

Fair Labor Standards Act

General Electric paid employees who were smokers up to $750 to quit and stay off cigarettes. This program was three times as successful as a different GE "quit smoking" program in which employees received no paid incentives. The $750 in the first program is an example of an intrinsic reward.

False

In two-tier wage contracts, veteran employees are paid less or receive fewer benefits than new employees.

False

Innovation happens in a "Eureka!" moment and it can be systematized.

False

Job enlargement enables workers to focus on doing more of the same task to increase productivity.

False

Organizational development managers and consultants follow a moving vehicle model.

False

Organizational psychologist Edgar Schein recommends that managers delegate (1) emergencies, (2) confidential matters, and (3) personnel-related matters.

False

Profit sharing bases pay on one's results on the job.

False

Reinforcement theory attempts to explain behavior change by suggesting that behavior with negative consequences tends to be repeated, whereas behavior with positive consequences tends not to be repeated.

False

Research reveals that reactive people tend to be more satisfied with their jobs, committed to their employer, and produce more work than nonproactive individuals.

False

Selection is the process of locating and attracting qualified applicants for jobs open in the organization.

False

Simply Marketing has a hierarchy culture, which means focusing externally, concentrating on strategic planning, taking risks, and preferring flexibility over stability.

False

The acquired needs theory states that three needs—achievement, affiliation, and money—are the major motives determining people's behavior in the workplace.

False

The metaphor for an invisible barrier preventing women and minorities from being promoted to top executive jobs is the steel curtain.

False

When a manager is trying to foster innovation, the first thing he or she should do is work to overcome employee resistance.

False

When the company closed his plant and permanently dismissed most of the employees who worked there, Randy was subject to the process known as dismissal for cause.

False

The most effective sources of new employee sources are job postings on websites.

False Job Referrals

Conscientiousness, openness to experience, agreeableness

Fill in each term for the definition listed below 1. how dependable, responsible, achievement-oriented, and persistent one is 2. how intellectual, imaginative, curious, and broad-minded one is 3. trusting, good-natured, cooperative, and self-hearted

agreeableness, conscientiousness, openness to experience

Fill in each term for the definition listed below 1. trusting, good-natured, cooperative, and self-hearted 2. how dependable, responsible, achievement-oriented, and persistent one is 3. how intellectual, imaginative, curious, and broad-minded one is

clan, adhocracy, market, hierarchy

Fill in the terms for the following descriptions 1. internal focus flexibility over stability 2. external focus values flexibility 3. external environment Values stability and control 4. internal focus values stability and control over flexibility

Market culture (a type of organizational culture)

Focused on the external environment Values stability and control Driven by competition and a strong desire to deliver results

________ is ordering an outcome, when a manager relies on his or her formal authority and power to resolve a conflict, but the needs of the other party are largely ignored.

Forcing

to jointly set objectives with their employees and to have managers develop action plans.

Francis, the plant manager, is interested in increasing the facility's productivity by utilizing MBO so that his managers and their employees are more focused on objectives. This month Francis asked his managers to concentrate on the two first steps of MBO, which are

________________ is the purpose of the strategic human resource process.

Getting optimal work performance to help realize the company's mission and vision

________________ is the purpose of the strategic human resource process. Multiple Choice Formulating human resource-sensitive strategic plans Maintaining a stable workforce for minimum expense Finding the human resources needed in a timely fashion Getting optimal work performance to help realize the company's mission and vision Informing the grand strategy

Getting optimal work performance to help realize the company's mission and vision

control

Greg, the owner of a lawn care service, likes to meet with his employees six months after their yearly evaluation to discuss how they are progressing on suggestions and plans to improve their yearly job evaluation. At this point, by comparing the six-month results with the past evaluation, Greg is in the ______ step of the planning/control cycle.

When physically attractive people are also assumed to be smarter and nicer, which perception distortion has occurred?

Halo Effect

Which of the following is an effective way to deal with change and innovation?

Have flexibility and adaptability.

Billy has received a mediocre evaluation for the second year in a row. He knows that he has made improvements, but his supervisor just does not seem to notice or in Billy's opinion, care. Billy likes his job and wants to keep it. He listens to what his supervisor says and then his supervisor asks Billy to prepare a written response. Before Billy leaves the room to prepare the response, how should he respond to his supervisor? Multiple Choice He could detour the conversation by asking for something positive. He could argue each point and offer a defense. He could accept responsibility and make a change. He could just repeat back what he heard. He could take deep breaths and then respond nonjudgmentally.

He could take deep breaths and then respond nonjudgmentally.

When using goal-setting theory to motivate employees, managers should

Help workers understand and accept the goals

dysfunctional conflict

Hinders the organization's performance or threatens its interest

profit sharing

Homer's employer distributes an equal portion of 5% of the company's pretax profits to its employees at the end of each quarter. This is known as ________.

________ includes the activities managers perform to plan for, attract, develop, and retain an effective workforce.

Human Resource Management

tactical planning

If you are tasked with writing employee schedules and to-do lists for managers, what level of planning are you involved in?

Is it ethical, feasible, and effective?

In the third step of rational decision making (evaluating alternatives and selecting a solution), a manager needs to evaluate each alternative not only according to cost and quality but also according to which of the following questions?

________ entails job posting, which means placing information about job vacancies and qualifications in places where employees can see them such as on bulletin boards or the company's intranet.

Internal recruiting

According to research by McKinsey and Co., _________________ are the most important facilitators of organizational innovation. -Individual general mental ability -Employee task performance -Interpersonal connections -Individual creativity

Interpersonal connections

How does an applicant tracking system aid an HR manager? Multiple Choice It can summarize the fundamentals of each job in the organization. It can capture the work flow processes. It can match key words on incoming resumes with key words in the job description. It can help plan for the future by predicting retirements and turnover. It can create data reports showing positive and negative results of each employee.

It can match key words on incoming resumes with key words in the job description.

How is artificial intelligence changing the recruiting process? Multiple Choice It can schedule interviews, screen and rank candidates, and administer ability tests. It can assess attitudes and experiences related to a person's behavior. It can measure personality traits and a need for achievement. It can predict the performance of an individual on a test. It can judge whether or not a person is answering a test truthfully.

It can schedule interviews, screen and rank candidates, and administer ability tests.

Which of the following is NOT a disadvantage of e-mail? -It is rude to use in crowded places. -A decrease in other forms of communication, like greetings and conversations. -The sheer number that must be handled by the average worker. -Emotions are often poorly communicated. -Coworkers feel less connected.

It is rude to use in crowded places

_______ is likely to cause a semantic barrier to communication. -Rhetoric -Gossip -Technology -The grapevine -Jargon

Jargon

A ________ summarizes what the holder of the job does and how and why he or she does it. For example, this document might state, "In this job, the worker delivers pizzas within a 10-mile radius of the pizzeria, quickly and promptly, while obeying all traffic laws and driving responsibly."

Job description

________ is the process of building into a job such motivating factors as recognition and achievement. Multiple Choice Job enrichment Horizontal loading Job enlargement Vertical loading Job satisfaction

Job enrichment

Unfreezing (motivate for change), changing (change), refreezing (support and reinforce)

Lewin's change model

Content perspectives, also known as need-based perspectives, include:

Maslow's hierarchy of needs, McClelland's acquired needs thory, Deci and Ryan's self-determination theory, and Herzberg's two-factor theory

As a works as an order-taker at Simply Salads, a fast-food restaurant. He does not cook food, or even package the final order, but he does input the order and take payment. Asa reports directly to the shift manager, and he seldom interacts with the general manager. How would you describe the organization of Simply Salads?

Mechanistic

A person low in _______ will relaxed, secure, and unworried compared to someone with a high level of it. -Inventiveness -Openness to experience -Neuroticism -Extroversion -Inquisitiveness

Neuroticism

Which of the following helps guarantee nonhazardous working conditions for employees?

Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970

(external=) Market culture and adhocracy culture (internal=) Hierarchy culture and clan culture

Of the terms listed below which two focus on the external environment and which two focus on the internal environment Market Culture Hierarchy Culture Clan Culture Adhocracy Culture

_____________ is the set of techniques used for implementing planned change to make people and organizations more effective. Multiple Choice Continuous improvement Corporate transformation Revitalization Incremental innovation Organizational development

Organizational development

Change Agent

Organizational development is often put into practice by a ________.

acknowledge the team for their effort

Personal Cat Products recently introduced kitten mittens, which are socks for cats. Charlie, director of new product development, has just reviewed the dismal first quarter results. He is confused by the results because his team did thorough market research about the product's acceptance by consumers before they introduced it to the market. Even though this innovative product was not successful, he wants to keep his team open to innovation. To do this, Charlie should ________.

________ consists of stable psychological traits and behavioral attributes that give a person his or her identity.

Personality

________ is at the center of the diversity wheel.

Personality

____________ is (are) defined as those stable psychological and behavioral attributes that give you your identity.

Personality

What are examples of contextual factors of motivation

Physical environment Task design Rewards and reinforcement Supervisory support and coaching Social norms Organizational culture

________ is the use of desirable consequences to strengthen a particular behavior.

Positive Reinforcement

Jason is more apt to take initiative and persevere to influence the environment; he has a(n) ______ personality.

Proactive

________ perspectives are theories that try to understand the thought processes by which people decide how to act.

Process

________ change is made in response to arising problems or opportunities. BP's response to an explosion on a drilling platform in the Gulf of Mexico is an example of this kind of change.

Reactive

________ change is made in response to arising problems or opportunities. BP's response to an explosion on a drilling platform in the Gulf of Mexico is an example of this kind of change. Multiple Choice Incremental Process Radical Proactive Reactive

Reactive

To ________, Lance, an HR manager, used reports from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics and the U.S. Census Bureau for information about his industry's labor pool in his geographic area.

Recruit from outside the organization

________ theory attempts to explain behavior change by suggesting that behavior with positive consequences tends to be repeated while behavior with negative consequences tends not to be repeated. Multiple Choice Two-factor Reinforcement Equity Expectancy Acquired needs

Reinforcement

________ is the degree to which a test measures the same thing consistently.

Reliability

increased productivity

Research shows that simplified jobs lead to all the following except ________.

________ is an emotional/behavioral response to real or imagined threats to an established work routine.

Resistance to change

________ is the extent to which people believe in their personal ability to do a task -Self-efficacy -Self-awareness -Locus of control -Self-esteem -Emotional stability

Self-efficacy

self-awareness When much of her work was automated with a new computerized system, Brittany became unsure of her ability to do her job. Sara, her boss, has been mentoring her to improve her __________.

Self-efficacy

_______ is the extent to which people like or dislike themselves.

Self-esteem

________ is the extent to which people like or dislike themselves.

Self-esteem

________ is the ability to control your emotions and act with honesty and integrity in reliable and adaptable ways.

Self-management

During a managers meeting, Maritza rolled her eyes three times, made a cynical remark, and slammed her notebook down on the table. How would you describe Maritza?

She is a stink bomb thrower

She should have the laid off employees sign a nondisparagement agreement.

Due to recent budget shortfalls, Muna is being forced to lay off 50 employees at her firm. She plans to offer a severance package that may be small, but it is still something. Muna also wants to be sure to protect the reputation of the company so that future layoffs will not be required. How will she be able to protect the reputation of the company while laying off so many employees? Multiple Choice She should complete an exit interview with each laid off employee. Instead of laying off the employees, she should demote them so that payroll is less. She should have the laid off employees sign a nondisparagement agreement. She should transfer employees to jobs overseas at another location. She should force retirements and then lay off until she reaches the number needed for the budget.

She should have the laid off employees sign a nondisparagement agreement.

________ capital is the economic or productive potential of strong, trusting, and cooperative relationships. This type of capital can help you land a job; a national survey of recruiters revealed that 74 percent had found the highest-quality applicants through employee referrals.

Social

Empathy and organizational intuition are a part of which emotional intelligence (EI) trait?

Social Awareness

Suppose a soft-drink company, Soda Pops, is conducting a force-field analysis to determine which forces could facilitate a proposed change (the introduction of a new black cherry soda) and which forces could act against it. Which of the following would Soda Pops consider a counterthruster?

Soda Pops has never been able to gain any significant market share outside of the Northwest.

Stereotyping

________ is the tendency to attribute to an individual the characteristics one believes are typical of the group to which that individual belongs.

Stereotyping

rule

The head librarian issued a directive that "Absolutely no food or drink are allowed in the library." She issued this directive because several computers and keyboards in the computer labs, as well as several study cubes, were recently damaged by spilled drinks and food. This is a(n) ___________ issued by the librarian.

understand the organization's vision and strategy and hire to support them

The human resource manager for GargleTech should ________ when considering the organization's future staffing needs.

Process

The management department at a local university began posting all assignments and other class materials to a course management website instead of creating a packet for students to purchase each term. This is a ________ innovation.

what is our reason for being?; what do we want to become?

The planning process begins with two attributes: a mission statement and a vision statement. What questions are answered with each of these?

motivate subordinates

The purpose of MBO is to

The number one reason why people quit their jobs is the dissatisfaction with ?

Their Supervisiors

Task-oriented leadership behaviors (two types initiating-structure leadership and transactional leadership)

These ensure that people, equipment, and other resources are used in an efficient way to accomplish the mission.

As owner and senior accountant at a tax preparation firm, Ben is changing the work schedule of all employees, including managers and accountants, for the months of March and April, the company's busiest time. He is requiring everyone to work on weekends, just as he has during the tax-preparation season for the last ten years. How does Ben predict the employees will react? Multiple Choice They will be terribly upset but not quit. They will be moderately upset but not be willing to quit. They will be terribly upset and will quit. They will hardly be upset or not be upset at all. They will be moderately upset and complain.

They will hardly be upset or not be upset at all.

The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission was established by the

Title VII of the Civil Rights Act

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, taking a sabbatical leave to further personal growth is an example of the self-actualization need.

True

According to equity theory, no matter how fair managers think the organization's policies, procedures, and reward system are, each employee's perception of those factors is what counts

True

According to the acquired needs theory, those who tend to seek social approval and satisfying personal relationships may have a high need for affiliation.

True

Adaptive change is the least threatening type of change and is therefore least likely to create resistance.

True

An example of innovative change is a department store deciding to adopt a new practice used by competitors by staying open 24 hours a day and requiring employees to work flexible schedules, a change that employees are likely to see as moderately threatening.

True

Assuming they have choices, people will make the choice that promises them the greatest reward if they think they can get it.

True

Belittling the importance of the inconsistent behavior is one way to reduce cognitive dissonance.

True

Changing organizational culture is essentially a teaching process in which members instruct each other about the organization's preferred values, beliefs, expectations, and behaviors.

True

Conflict is a process in which one party perceives that its interests are being opposed or negatively affected by another.

True

Disruptive innovation is a process by which a product or service takes root initially in simple applications at the bottom of a market and then relentlessly moves up market, eventually displacing established competitors.

True

Employee engagement is defined as an individual's involvement, satisfaction, and enthusiasm for work.

True

Gestures such as constructive statements about the department, expression of personal interest in the work of others, suggestions for improvement, training of new people, the caring for organizational property, and punctuality and attendance well beyond standard or enforceable levels are examples of organizational citizenship behaviors.

True

Goal-setting theory suggests that employees can be motivated by goals that are specific and challenging, but achievable.

True

If managers are able to increase job satisfaction, employees may show higher levels of commitment, which in turn can elicit higher performance and reduce employee turnover. This is an example of organizational commitment.

True

If you start a new job and find the description and criteria for promotion to be vague, role ambiguity has occurred.

True

In sexual harassment, the harasser may be a(n) outsider, coworker, supervisor, or someone of the same sex.

True

Managers hoping to foster innovation must gain allies by communicating their vision.

True

Punishment is the application of negative consequences to stop or change undesirable behavior.

True

Radical innovation creates products, services, or technologies that don't exist yet.

True

The purpose of the strategic human resource management process is to get optimal work performance to help realize the company's mission and vision.

True

True or False. The Family and Medical Leave Act requires employers to provide 12 weeks of unpaid leave for medical and family reasons, including for childbirth, adoption, or family emergency.

True

chief executive officer

Uber's expansion on the innovation front depends on its self-driving cars plan. The implementation of this plan would be the responsibility of which of the following managers?

According to expectancy theory, your ______ is low if you don't think a bonus or raise is going to be big enough to justify working evenings and weekends.

Valence

________ are abstract ideals that guide one's thinking and behavior across all situations.

Values

What is the main difference between a vertical hierarchy of authority and a horizontal specialization?

Vertical hierarchy shows who reports to whom and horizontal specialization shows the different jobs.

Realistic Job Preview

When Deandra was one of three final candidates for a managerial position with a large birdseed company, the departmental director asked for a special meeting with her. At this meeting, they talk about different aspects of the position including the stressful deadlines, the heavy travel required of the position, and the compensation and benefits. Deandra appreciated that fact that she received a(n) ________.

overconfidence bias

When Ford was slow to recall vehicles to fix a possible carbon monoxide leak, it was most likely due to ________, because Ford was convinced that the modifications made by police departments were the cause of the problem, not the manufacturing of the vehicle.

the decision making was conscious

Which of the following causes of the cheat are probably true?

in the next quarter, our Tucson sales rep will increase sales by 10%

Which of the following goals satisfies the SMART criteria?

A writer with a large vocabulary writes a novel using many words that the average reader cannot understand

Which of the following is an example of the "curse of knowledge"?

SpaceX put a car in space

Which of the following is intended for one-time use and is not likely to be repeated in the future?

lack of personal ethics

Which of the following is not a leading reason that employees resist change?

__________ is also known as division of labor.

Work specialization

Open Shop

Workers choose to join or not

benchmarking

You've been asked to updated the quality control manual for your company, so you search the internet to see what other well run companies are doing. What is this process called?

extrinsic reward

Your team is told by your manager that all sales in August earn an extra 5% commission. Because your team is motivated by a(n) ________, they start working harder.

cascading goals; individual employees

_____ are at the top of the organization and get more specific as they move toward

Forced Ranking

________ is a performance review system in which all employees within a business unit are ranked against one another.

Noreen likes it when her boss recognizes that she met the deadline and tried her best, even if what she gave him was not exactly what he was expecting. Noreen is motivated by

a need for achievement

A waitress assumes a group of poorly dressed customers to be ungenerous tippers. She doesn't pay much attention to them during their meal, forgets to bring their drinks, and doesn't ask if they want dessert. In the end, she gets the result that she expects, a very small tip. This is an example of

a self-fulfilling prophecy

An example of ________ would be when a manager expects employees to perform badly, they probably will, and when the manager expects them to perform well, they probably will.

a self-fulfilling prophecy

a self-fulfilling prophecy.

ethnocentric managers (2)

a type of manager that is related to parochialism

You may compare your ratio of inputs to outputs to the ratio of others at your place of employment in a process described by ______ theory. a) equity b) goal-setting c) justice d) reinforcement e) expectancy

a) Equity theory suggests that people compare the ratio of their own outcomes to inputs against the ratio of someone else's outcomes to inputs.

The four major perspectives on motivation include all except_____. a) job satisfaction b) job design c) process d) content e) reinforcement

a) job satisfation The four perspectives on motivation are (1) content, (2) process, (3) job design, and (4) reinforcement.

geocentric managers

accept that there are differences and similarities between home and foreign personnel and practices and that they should use whatever techniques are most effective

Brad proposed the purchase of a new Toshiba copier to his boss, Chin. Chin said that he has always used and liked Xerox copiers, but when he thinks about it later, he realizes he does not really feel strongly about the brand of copy machine used in the office. Chin should probably adopt a(n) ________ conflict-handling style when trying to resolve this matter with Brad.

accommodating

Human Resources Management

activities managers perform to plan for, attract, develop, and retain an effective workforce

At Toys and Games, employees know that during the December shopping season they are often required to work different schedules, weekends, and overtime. The December work schedules at Toys and Games is an example of a(n) ______ change because workers have experienced it in the past. (They experience it every December.) Multiple Choice reactive adaptive incremental innovative radically innovative

adaptive

The statement "I really don't like that Randall got so angry in that meeting" reflects the ________ component of an attitude.

affective?

According to Herzberg's theory, if employees dislike their jobs, managers should

allow employees to bring their pets to work.

content perspectives

also known as need-based perspectives, are theories that emphasize the needs that motivate people

According to the law, which of the following is considered an employment test?

any procedure used in the employment selection decision process

reinforcement

anything that causes a given behavior to be repeated or inhibited

Project teams

assembled to solve a particular problem or complete a specific task, such as brainstorming new marketing ideas for one of the company's products a type of team

A performance appraisal consists of

assessing performance and providing feedback.

Maggie's manager notices that she exhibits an external locus of control when she speaks about her work. Her manager should

assign Maggie to a highly structured job requiring greater compliance.

Deci and Ryan's self-determination theory

assumes that people are driven to try to grow and attain fulfillment, with their behavior and well-being influenced by three innate needs: competence, autonomy, and relatedness.

reinforcement theory

attempts to explain behavior change by suggesting that behavior with positive consequences tends to be repeated, whereas behavior with negative consequences tends not to be repeated

The three components of ________ are affective, cognitive, and behavioral.

attitudes

autonomy.

______ proposed that work satisfaction and dissatisfaction arise from different sets of causes. a) McGregor's Theory X/Theory Y b) Herzberg's two-factor theory c) McClelland's acquired needs theory d) expectancy theory e) Deci and Ryan's self-determination theory

b) Herzberg's two-factor theory proposed that work satisfaction and dissatisfaction arise from two different factors: work satisfaction from motivating factors and work dissatisfaction from hygiene factors.

According to expectancy theory, your ______ is low if you don't think a bonus or raise is going to be big enough to justify working evenings and weekends. a) instrumentality b) valence c) reinforcement d) esteem e) expectancy

b) Valence is value, the importance a worker assigns to the possible outcome or reward. Your valence might be low because you don't think the bonus or raise is going to be high enough to justify working evenings and weekends.

_________ is defined as the psychological processes that arouse and direct goal-directed behavior. a) self-determination b) motivation c) productivity d) reinforcement e) self-actualization

b) moivation

This part of compensation is given to employees in exchange for doing their jobs.

base pay

"I'm going to buy a Ford to support the U.S. auto industry" is an example of which component of attitude?

behavioral

Sarah and her roommate cannot agree on how to decorate their shared dorm room. Sarah decides to move out and tells her roommate "I will never talk to you again." This statement reflects the ________ component of an attitude. -affective -cognitive -factual -behavioral -value

behavioral

The statement "I won't give Austin such a tight deadline again" reflects the ________ component of an attitude.

behavioral or intentional

The question "What was the best idea you ever sold to a supervisor, teacher, peer, or subordinate?" would be used in which type of interview situation?

behavioral-description interview

For years, a mathematics professor experienced abusive behavior at a community college where he taught. It began with a few deans spreading rumors and false accusations that threatened his job. The abuse was emotionally draining and took time and focus away from his job. The professor was the victim of Multiple Choice quid pro quo. adverse impact. disparate treatment. reverse discrimination. bullying.

bullying

c) Job enrichment employees are given more responsibility such as taking on chores that would normally be performed by their supervisors. For example, one department store authorized thousands of its sales clerks to handle functions normally reserved for store managers, such as handling merchandise-return problems and approving customers' checks.

Darrell makes many mistakes in the accounting system because he does not understand the language and has found the manuals confusing. Gerald makes mistakes because he rushes. This is an example of

casual attribution.

Which of the following is NOT a step in the perceptual process?

causal attribution

A _______ often puts organizational development into practice. Multiple Choice counselor training specialist catalytic consultant change agent transformative consultant

change agent

A consultant with a background in behavioral sciences who can be a catalyst in helping organizations deal with old problems in new ways is known as a _____.

change agent

What does a manager who is desiring change NOT have control over?

change agents

Transactional leadership (a type of task-oriented leadership behaviors)

clarifies employees' roles and task requirements and provides rewards and punishments contingent on performance.

In using reinforcement, a manager should

clearly communicate the desired behavior

In using reinforcement, a manager should

clearly communicate the desired behavior.

In using reinforcement, a manager should Multiple Choice save rewards for weekly or monthly celebrations. reward both desired and undesired behavior. avoid using punishment. clearly communicate the desired behavior. give all employees the same rewards to ensure fairness.

clearly communicate the desired behavior.

Employer may only hire workers for a job who are already in the union

closed shop

Using self-determination theory to motivate employees at Cloud Space, a data storage company, the vice chair makes 10-20 phone calls a day to thank special employees "caught doing something right." The vice chair is fulfilling her employees' ________ needs. Multiple Choice relatedness competence equity autonomy love

competence

job characteristics model

consists of (a) five core job characteristics that affect (b) three critical psychological states of an employee that in turn affect (c) work outcomes--the employee's motivation, performance, and satisfaction, Hackman and Oldham

Francis has been missing work and when he does show up, he is still partially drunk sometimes. When asked about it, he gets confrontational and starts yelling at people. These behaviors are examples of ________. -stress -counterproductive work behaviors -organizational citizenship behaviors -low self-efficacy -self-serving bias

counterproductive work behaviors

Controlling

defined as monitoring performance, comparing it with goals, and taking corrective action as needed

When using a self-managed team, a manager should

delegate administrative oversight of work scheduling and customer interaction.

Job ________ involves division of an organization's work among its employees and applies motivational theories to jobs to increase satisfaction and performance. Multiple Choice enrichment simplification enlargement development design

design

Need for affiliation

desire for friendly and warm relations with other people.

Need for achievement

desire to achieve excellence in challenging tasks

Need for power

desire to be responsible for or control other people.

Strategic Human Resource Planning

developing a systematic and comprehensive strategy 1) understanding current employee needs 2) predicting future employee needs

As an OD consultant, Mika is designing a survey of employee attitudes to be given to workers at Hope Urgent Care, a provider of emergency-care services in a low-income neighborhood. In collecting this information, Mika is conducting the ______ stage of OD. Multiple Choice refreezing evaluation diagnosis unfreezing intervention

diagnosis

The organizational development (OD) process has three steps: ____, ____, and ____.

diagnosis, intervention, evaluation

______ occurs when people are hired or promoted, or denied hiring or promotion, for reasons not relevant to the job.

dicsrimination

Andrea, a sales associate in the fine china department of the David's Department Store, reports to Chris, the home furnishings department manager. This morning, Chris asked Andrea to change the price tags on the crystal wine glasses. While working on this task, Pietro, the bedding department manager, told Andrea that he wanted her to unload some comforters. To solve this conflict, Andrea turns to the principle of unity of command under which

employees should report to no more than one manager.

Job ________ is the opposite o

enlargement; scientific management.

Ethan's job as an accounting assistant was recently modified to include reconciling bank accounts and making deposits, two tasks previously done by the accounting manager. This increase in responsibility would best be described as job

enrichment

enrichment.

You may compare your ratio of inputs to outputs to the ratio of others at your place of employment in a process described by ______ theory.

equity

Content perspectives, also known as need-based perspectives, include all except which one of the following theories?

equity theory

Hannah, an HR manager for Accurate Steel Cutters, had a meeting with the Vice President of Safety to determine if the new safety training program appears to be effective in preventing and reducing the number of accidents on the shop floor. In which step of the learning and development process is Hannah engaged?

evaluation

expectancy

The theory under which people make the choice that promises them the greatest reward if they think they can get it is ________ theory. Multiple Choice two-factor goal-setting expectancy reinforcement equity

expectancy

According to expectancy theory, the primary elements that determine how willing an employee is to work hard at tasks important to an organization , those that relate effort, performance, and outcomes are

expectancy, instrumentality and valence

According to expectancy theory, the primary elements that determine how willing an employee is to work hard at tasks important to an organization, those that relate effort, performance, and outcomes, are _____.

expectancy, instrumentality, and valence

adhocracy culture (a type of organizational culture)

external focus and values flexibility

Della, the sales manager, just informed her sales team that all sales in March will earn an extra 5 percent commission. The team gets right to work, being motivated by a(n)

extrinsic reward

Della, the sales manager, just informed her sales team that all sales in March will earn an extra 5 percent commission. The team gets right to work, being motivated by a(n)

extrinsic reward.

Roberto really enjoys mingling at work functions, both to network for new contacts and simply to share stories with other interesting people. Roberto probably scores high in

extroversion

Hygiene factors

factors associated with job dissatisfaction--such as salary, working conditions, interpersonal relationships, and company policy--all of which affect the job context in which people work

Employees resist change for all the following reasons except _____.

faith in change agent's intentions

The best type of performance appraisal involves

giving employees continuous, real-time coaching, feedback, and solutions.

Individual approach

guided by what will result in the individual's best long-term interests, which ultimately are in everyone's self-interest assumes that people will act ethically in the short run to avoid harm in the long flaw is one persons short term gain may not be good for everyone in the long run

When physically attractive people are also assumed to be smarter and nicer, which perception distortion has occurred?

halo effect

Marlene works in a manufacturing facility, Carz Parts. Throughout the building there were posters and calendars of a sexually explicit nature, making Marlene very uncomfortable. Carz Parts Multiple Choice has a hostile work environment. has no legal worries because none of the offensive materials are directed at Marlene. is engaging in quid pro quo harassment. practices sexual discrimination. has no legal worries because Marlene is not suffering any economic injury.

has a hostile work environment.

Jenn switched jobs to one that was within a half mile of her home and she could walk on most days. After about three months, her new boss announced the company was moving 15 miles outside the city. This would mean that Jenn would now have an hour and half commute that involved a subway and two busses. Her stressor would be considered a

hassle

When using goal-setting theory to motivate employees, managers should Multiple Choice hold employees responsible for getting feedback. set targets that are beyond employees' reach. set goals that are easily achievable. set general goals that are emotionally appealing. help workers understand and accept the goals.

help workers understand and accept the goals.

Because hard feelings about group leadership and assignments have passed, the members of Maya's group now seem to be relating much better. At the meeting tomorrow, she should take advantage of this moment by

helping the team identify group goals and values.

Ursula has excelled as an auditor for a large financial consulting firm. She loves building mutually beneficial relationships and is extremely well liked by her clients. Ursula likely has a

high need for affiliation

high need for power

Even when he started his first job, Dewayne was not content to be just one of the employees. His boss noticed that he often coached his coworkers about ways to improve their work, even when it wasn't his job. Dewayne probably has a Multiple Choice high need for affiliation. low need for achievement. high need for achievement. high need for attention. high need for power.

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