MGT 301 Chapter 8 Questions
With ______, an organization can parcel out the entire complex work effort to be performed by specialists, which results in greater efficiency.
division of labor
Some businesses have created open-area workspaces where employees sit at desks that are side-by-side and no walls are between them. This is to foster collaboration among the staff. What aspect of culture change does this represent?
Physical design
Select all that apply Some of the strongest ways to embed organizational culture include which two of the following? Rewards Stories Status symbols Rites
Rewards Status symbols
Select all that apply Which of the following represent learning-related tools that can be leveraged to change an organization's culture? Role modeling Coaching Training Profits
Role modeling Coaching Training
What occurs as a result of the horizontal organizational design?
Teams are used to improve collaboration and work.
If an organization wishes to change its culture, managers can alter the types of ______ and status symbols they give out and to whom they give them.
rewards
Philosophies, beliefs, and norms that are explicitly stated by the organization reflect its ______ values.
espoused
Select all that apply Organizational design is concerned with which activities? Creating a structural design that will help an organization execute its strategies Minimizing all forms of accountability within an organization Excluding responsibility from the organizational structure Creating structures of accountability and responsibility
Creating a structural design that will help an organization execute its strategies Creating structures of accountability and responsibility
Select all that apply Identify the types of structures categorized as organizational designs with open boundaries. Modular Tall Virtual Hollow Mechanistic
Modular Virtual Hollow
Select all that apply Which of the following are outcomes associated with various types of organizational culture? More positive organizational outcomes in market cultures Higher market share in clan and market cultures Higher market share in adhocracy cultures Higher customer satisfaction in clan and market cultures Higher financial performance in market and hierarchy cultures Stronger quality and innovation in hierarchy cultures
More positive organizational outcomes in market cultures Higher market share in clan and market cultures Higher customer satisfaction in clan and market cultures
Select all that apply Which are advantages of ensuring you have good potential fit with an organization before accepting a position? Positive work attitude Reduced intention to quit Reduced work stress Fewer job responsibilities
Positive work attitude Reduced intention to quit Reduced work stress
When is the ideal time to assess person-organization fit?
Prior to accepting a position
Rites and rituals, which are activities and ______ used to celebrate important organizational events or achievements, can be leveraged in the process of culture change.
ceremonies
A ______ culture has an internal focus and values flexibility rather than stability and control.
clan
In the common elements of organizations, common purpose is realized through ______, which enables the work of individuals to combine in an organization-wide endeavor.
coordinated effort
Select all that apply In order to implement a particular organizational strategy, managers must determine the right kind of organizational: culture demonstration performance structure
culture structure
Espoused values in an organization's culture represent the ______.
explicitly stated values and norms the organization prefers
Division of labor, one of the four common elements of organizations proposed by Schein, ______.
is the arrangement of having discrete parts of a task done by different people in an organization
One method of changing organizational culture is to provide structured ______ as an in-depth introduction to organizational values.
training
Common purpose, one of the four common elements of organizations proposed by Schein, ______.
unifies members and helps everyone understand the organization's reason for being
Which description best fits the adhocracy organizational culture?
Adaptable, creative, and quick to respond to marketplace changes
Select all that apply Which of these would be considered observable artifacts in an organization? Sales Awards Values Rituals Decorations
Awards Rituals Decorations
According to Schein, which organizational feature unifies employees or members and gives everyone an understanding of the organization's reason for being?
Common purpose
Select all that apply Select the types of organizational design. Sectional Horizontal Traditional Open boundary
Horizontal Traditional Open boundary
What is the primary cause of failure for strategic initiatives?
Improper execution
Expand your perspective by asking different questions
Try thinking about things such as "What surprised me about that situation?" or "What data might I be ignoring?"
Select all that apply What are the two types of information that organization charts reveal about organizational structure? Who reports to whom How employees are responsible Who specializes in what work How things get done
Who reports to whom Who specializes in what work
Select all that apply Which of the following statements regarding horizontal design are true? Cross-functional teams are eliminated Workgroups are used to improve collaboration This design is also called a team-based design Internal boundaries are broken down
Workgroups are used to improve collaboration This design is also called a team-based design Internal boundaries are broken down
A(n) ______ culture values flexibility and has an external focus.
adhocracy
According to the competing values framework (CVF), organizational ______ varies along two dimensions.
effectiveness
Formal statements can help to change an organization's culture by ______.
embedding the culture in various organizational materials such as the mission, vision, and values statements
An organizational ______ is someone whose accomplishments embody the values of the organization and whose accomplishments are put forth to motivate other employees to do the right thing.
hero
Coordinated effort, one of the four common elements of organizations proposed by Schein, ______.
is represented by the coordination of individual efforts coming together into an organization-wide effort
The readily apparent symbols and manifestations of an organization's culture are called its ______.
observable artifacts
A company's ______ is the large-scale action plan that encompasses the company's vision and is used to create the direction for the business.
strategy
In terms of organizational culture, a ______ is an artifact, act, quality, or event that conveys an organization's most important values to others.
symbol
An organization comprised of many levels with narrow spans of managerial control is described as:
tall
Flat organizations generally have few levels with ______ spans of control, with one manager overseeing many employees.
wide
Match the dimensions of the competing values framework (CVF) with their descriptions. 1. Horizontal 2. Vertical A. Expresses the extent to which the organization focuses its attention and efforts inward on internal dynamics and employees versus outward toward its external environment and customers B. Expresses the extent to which an organization prefers flexibility and discretion versus stability and control
1A 2B
What is the most accurate description of person-organization fit? The education level of an individual and its relation to the job or tasks she or he performs at work How much the culture of the organization is related to the firm's long-term financial perspective The degree to which the organization's culture aligns with its strategic context A match between an individual's personality and values and those of the organization
A match between an individual's personality and values and those of the organization
Take ownership and accept responsibility
Absorb, learn, and understand rather than hold grudges
______ refers to the rights inherent in a managerial position to make decisions, give orders, and utilize resources.
Authority
Select all that apply What are two suggestions for improving your adaptability in the workplace? Be reactive in learning situations. Be more resourceful. Rely on the knowledge of others. Be proactive in learning situations.
Be more resourceful. Be proactive in learning situations.
Place the steps you would use to determine your person-organization fit prior to a job interview in order, with the first step at the top. Create a list of the origanization's values, strengths, and weaknesses. Create a list of your personal values, strengths, and weaknesses. Compare your values, strengths, and weaknesses to those of the organization, and prepare questions to ask a potential interviewer regarding P-O fit.
Create a list of your personal values, strengths, and weaknesses. Create a list of the origanization's values, strengths, and weaknesses. Compare your values, strengths, and weaknesses to those of the organization, and prepare questions to ask a potential interviewer regarding P-O fit.
Be more resourceful
Look for solutions to challenges, rather than problems
Select all that apply What are three characteristics of an organization with a simple structure? Low work specialization Authority in a single person A flat hierarchy A tall hierarchy Dispersed authority
Low work specialization Authority in a single person A flat hierarchy
Display a proactive learning orientation
Maintain a desire to learn and improve your career readiness competencies
Select all that apply Which factors must work in concert to produce successful strategic execution? Employee diversity Organizational structure Organizational culture HR practices
Organizational structure Organizational culture HR practices
Select all that apply Which of the following can leaders pay attention to, measure, and control in order to change the organization's culture? Outcomes Processes Activities Heroes
Outcomes Processes Activities
Focus on being optimistic
View work or career changes as challenges to be overcome
More positive organizational outcomes are associated with ______ cultures.
market
In organizational culture, a story is a(n) ______.
narrative based on true events which is repeated in order to emphasize a particular value
Symbols in organizational culture represent ______.
objects or actions that convey an organization's most important values to others
A(n) ______ is a system of consciously coordinated activities or forces of two or more people.
organization
The extent to which your personality and values match the climate and culture in an organization is referred to as person-______ fit.
organization
A box-and-lines illustration showing the formal lines of authority and the organization's work specializations is called a(n) ______ chart.
organizational
In organizational culture, a hero is a(n) ______.
person whose accomplishments embody the organization's values
The degree to which someone's personality and values align with the organizational culture of a firm is called ______.
person-organization fit
Organizations can use ______, activities that celebrate important events or achievements for the organization, to change the organization's culture.
rites and rituals
Select all that apply Organizations wishing to change their culture may alter their physical layout and design in order to: introduce new slogans and sayings recreate historical narratives send a strong message about the culture encourage employee productivity
send a strong message about the culture encourage employee productivity
An organization that has authority centralized in a single person, as well as a flat hierarchy, few rules, and low work specialization, is using a ______.
simple structure
Managers can help to change the organization's culture by paying attention to which ______ they use as narratives to symbolize the organization's vision and values to employees.
stories
When employees share a narrative about an actual event that helped create an aspect of the company's culture, they are relying on ______ to symbolize the company's vision and values.
stories
A ______ is a narrative about the company's history that is repeated by an organization's members in order to emphasize a particular value.
story
Select all that apply According to Barnard's definition, which of the following examples represent organizations? A freelance graphic designer A crew of two people coordinating their activities on a commercial fishing boat The corporate headquarters of a global technology company A food cart outside a sports stadium run by a single individual
A crew of two people coordinating their activities on a commercial fishing boat The corporate headquarters of a global technology company
Select all that apply Which are characteristics of clan culture? (Choose every correct answer.) Emphasizes profits over employee development and satisfaction Structures work environment to aim at effectiveness and efficiency Promotes a feeling of family Encourages collaboration among employees
Promotes a feeling of family Encourages collaboration among employees
Authority in organizations means ______, meaning managers must report and justify work results to the managers above them and are responsible for performing assigned tasks.
accountability
A(n) ______ organization is a fluid, highly adaptive organization whose members are linked by information technology and collaborate on common tasks.
boundaryless
______ embed preferred culture by describing organizational philosophy, mission, vision, and values.
formal statements
An organization's ______ can pay attention to, measure, and control a number of activities, processes, or outcomes in order to foster a certain culture.
leaders