MGT 301 Chapter 8 Questions

With ______, an organization can parcel out the entire complex work effort to be performed by specialists, which results in greater efficiency.

division of labor

Some businesses have created open-area workspaces where employees sit at desks that are side-by-side and no walls are between them. This is to foster collaboration among the staff. What aspect of culture change does this represent?

Physical design

Select all that apply Some of the strongest ways to embed organizational culture include which two of the following? Rewards Stories Status symbols Rites

Rewards Status symbols

Select all that apply Which of the following represent learning-related tools that can be leveraged to change an organization's culture? Role modeling Coaching Training Profits

Role modeling Coaching Training

What occurs as a result of the horizontal organizational design?

Teams are used to improve collaboration and work.

If an organization wishes to change its culture, managers can alter the types of ______ and status symbols they give out and to whom they give them.

rewards

Philosophies, beliefs, and norms that are explicitly stated by the organization reflect its ______ values.

espoused

Select all that apply Organizational design is concerned with which activities? Creating a structural design that will help an organization execute its strategies Minimizing all forms of accountability within an organization Excluding responsibility from the organizational structure Creating structures of accountability and responsibility

Creating a structural design that will help an organization execute its strategies Creating structures of accountability and responsibility

Select all that apply Identify the types of structures categorized as organizational designs with open boundaries. Modular Tall Virtual Hollow Mechanistic

Modular Virtual Hollow

Select all that apply Which of the following are outcomes associated with various types of organizational culture? More positive organizational outcomes in market cultures Higher market share in clan and market cultures Higher market share in adhocracy cultures Higher customer satisfaction in clan and market cultures Higher financial performance in market and hierarchy cultures Stronger quality and innovation in hierarchy cultures

More positive organizational outcomes in market cultures Higher market share in clan and market cultures Higher customer satisfaction in clan and market cultures

Select all that apply Which are advantages of ensuring you have good potential fit with an organization before accepting a position? Positive work attitude Reduced intention to quit Reduced work stress Fewer job responsibilities

Positive work attitude Reduced intention to quit Reduced work stress

When is the ideal time to assess person-organization fit?

Prior to accepting a position

Rites and rituals, which are activities and ______ used to celebrate important organizational events or achievements, can be leveraged in the process of culture change.

ceremonies

A ______ culture has an internal focus and values flexibility rather than stability and control.

clan

In the common elements of organizations, common purpose is realized through ______, which enables the work of individuals to combine in an organization-wide endeavor.

coordinated effort

Select all that apply In order to implement a particular organizational strategy, managers must determine the right kind of organizational: culture demonstration performance structure

culture structure

Espoused values in an organization's culture represent the ______.

explicitly stated values and norms the organization prefers

Division of labor, one of the four common elements of organizations proposed by Schein, ______.

is the arrangement of having discrete parts of a task done by different people in an organization

One method of changing organizational culture is to provide structured ______ as an in-depth introduction to organizational values.

training

Common purpose, one of the four common elements of organizations proposed by Schein, ______.

unifies members and helps everyone understand the organization's reason for being

Which description best fits the adhocracy organizational culture?

Adaptable, creative, and quick to respond to marketplace changes

Select all that apply Which of these would be considered observable artifacts in an organization? Sales Awards Values Rituals Decorations

Awards Rituals Decorations

According to Schein, which organizational feature unifies employees or members and gives everyone an understanding of the organization's reason for being?

Common purpose

Select all that apply Select the types of organizational design. Sectional Horizontal Traditional Open boundary

Horizontal Traditional Open boundary

What is the primary cause of failure for strategic initiatives?

Improper execution

Expand your perspective by asking different questions

Try thinking about things such as "What surprised me about that situation?" or "What data might I be ignoring?"

Select all that apply What are the two types of information that organization charts reveal about organizational structure? Who reports to whom How employees are responsible Who specializes in what work How things get done

Who reports to whom Who specializes in what work

Select all that apply Which of the following statements regarding horizontal design are true? Cross-functional teams are eliminated Workgroups are used to improve collaboration This design is also called a team-based design Internal boundaries are broken down

Workgroups are used to improve collaboration This design is also called a team-based design Internal boundaries are broken down

A(n) ______ culture values flexibility and has an external focus.

adhocracy

According to the competing values framework (CVF), organizational ______ varies along two dimensions.

effectiveness

Formal statements can help to change an organization's culture by ______.

embedding the culture in various organizational materials such as the mission, vision, and values statements

An organizational ______ is someone whose accomplishments embody the values of the organization and whose accomplishments are put forth to motivate other employees to do the right thing.

hero

Coordinated effort, one of the four common elements of organizations proposed by Schein, ______.

is represented by the coordination of individual efforts coming together into an organization-wide effort

The readily apparent symbols and manifestations of an organization's culture are called its ______.

observable artifacts

A company's ______ is the large-scale action plan that encompasses the company's vision and is used to create the direction for the business.

strategy

In terms of organizational culture, a ______ is an artifact, act, quality, or event that conveys an organization's most important values to others.

symbol

An organization comprised of many levels with narrow spans of managerial control is described as:

tall

Flat organizations generally have few levels with ______ spans of control, with one manager overseeing many employees.

wide

Match the dimensions of the competing values framework (CVF) with their descriptions. 1. Horizontal 2. Vertical A. Expresses the extent to which the organization focuses its attention and efforts inward on internal dynamics and employees versus outward toward its external environment and customers B. Expresses the extent to which an organization prefers flexibility and discretion versus stability and control

1A 2B

What is the most accurate description of person-organization fit? The education level of an individual and its relation to the job or tasks she or he performs at work How much the culture of the organization is related to the firm's long-term financial perspective The degree to which the organization's culture aligns with its strategic context A match between an individual's personality and values and those of the organization

A match between an individual's personality and values and those of the organization

Take ownership and accept responsibility

Absorb, learn, and understand rather than hold grudges

______ refers to the rights inherent in a managerial position to make decisions, give orders, and utilize resources.

Authority

Select all that apply What are two suggestions for improving your adaptability in the workplace? Be reactive in learning situations. Be more resourceful. Rely on the knowledge of others. Be proactive in learning situations.

Be more resourceful. Be proactive in learning situations.

Place the steps you would use to determine your person-organization fit prior to a job interview in order, with the first step at the top. Create a list of the origanization's values, strengths, and weaknesses. Create a list of your personal values, strengths, and weaknesses. Compare your values, strengths, and weaknesses to those of the organization, and prepare questions to ask a potential interviewer regarding P-O fit.

Create a list of your personal values, strengths, and weaknesses. Create a list of the origanization's values, strengths, and weaknesses. Compare your values, strengths, and weaknesses to those of the organization, and prepare questions to ask a potential interviewer regarding P-O fit.

Be more resourceful

Look for solutions to challenges, rather than problems

Select all that apply What are three characteristics of an organization with a simple structure? Low work specialization Authority in a single person A flat hierarchy A tall hierarchy Dispersed authority

Low work specialization Authority in a single person A flat hierarchy

Display a proactive learning orientation

Maintain a desire to learn and improve your career readiness competencies

Select all that apply Which factors must work in concert to produce successful strategic execution? Employee diversity Organizational structure Organizational culture HR practices

Organizational structure Organizational culture HR practices

Select all that apply Which of the following can leaders pay attention to, measure, and control in order to change the organization's culture? Outcomes Processes Activities Heroes

Outcomes Processes Activities

Focus on being optimistic

View work or career changes as challenges to be overcome

More positive organizational outcomes are associated with ______ cultures.

market

In organizational culture, a story is a(n) ______.

narrative based on true events which is repeated in order to emphasize a particular value

Symbols in organizational culture represent ______.

objects or actions that convey an organization's most important values to others

A(n) ______ is a system of consciously coordinated activities or forces of two or more people.

organization

The extent to which your personality and values match the climate and culture in an organization is referred to as person-______ fit.

organization

A box-and-lines illustration showing the formal lines of authority and the organization's work specializations is called a(n) ______ chart.

organizational

In organizational culture, a hero is a(n) ______.

person whose accomplishments embody the organization's values

The degree to which someone's personality and values align with the organizational culture of a firm is called ______.

person-organization fit

Organizations can use ______, activities that celebrate important events or achievements for the organization, to change the organization's culture.

rites and rituals

Select all that apply Organizations wishing to change their culture may alter their physical layout and design in order to: introduce new slogans and sayings recreate historical narratives send a strong message about the culture encourage employee productivity

send a strong message about the culture encourage employee productivity

An organization that has authority centralized in a single person, as well as a flat hierarchy, few rules, and low work specialization, is using a ______.

simple structure

Managers can help to change the organization's culture by paying attention to which ______ they use as narratives to symbolize the organization's vision and values to employees.

stories

When employees share a narrative about an actual event that helped create an aspect of the company's culture, they are relying on ______ to symbolize the company's vision and values.

stories

A ______ is a narrative about the company's history that is repeated by an organization's members in order to emphasize a particular value.

story

Select all that apply According to Barnard's definition, which of the following examples represent organizations? A freelance graphic designer A crew of two people coordinating their activities on a commercial fishing boat The corporate headquarters of a global technology company A food cart outside a sports stadium run by a single individual

A crew of two people coordinating their activities on a commercial fishing boat The corporate headquarters of a global technology company

Select all that apply Which are characteristics of clan culture? (Choose every correct answer.) Emphasizes profits over employee development and satisfaction Structures work environment to aim at effectiveness and efficiency Promotes a feeling of family Encourages collaboration among employees

Promotes a feeling of family Encourages collaboration among employees

Authority in organizations means ______, meaning managers must report and justify work results to the managers above them and are responsible for performing assigned tasks.

accountability

A(n) ______ organization is a fluid, highly adaptive organization whose members are linked by information technology and collaborate on common tasks.

boundaryless

______ embed preferred culture by describing organizational philosophy, mission, vision, and values.

formal statements

An organization's ______ can pay attention to, measure, and control a number of activities, processes, or outcomes in order to foster a certain culture.

leaders