MGT 3110 Final Test Review

When a management professor places a large oak desk in his office and makes visiting students sit on a small chair in front of it, he is creating what type of environmental barrier to communication?

A physical barrier

When we can identify a symptom of a problem, it is helpful and significant because then we know that

A problem exists

Which of the following characteristics relates to global business (globalization)?

A strategy in which organizations treat the entire world or major regions of it as the domain for conducting business

In SWOT analysis, an ability or attribute that a company possesses that may give it a distinctive competence is called

A strength

What is the behavioral approach?

A view of management that emphasizes understanding the importance of human behavior, needs, and attitudes within formal organizations

What is flextime?

A work schedule that allows employees to choose their starting and ending times as long as they are at work during a specified time period

The psychologist who developed the idea that human needs are arranged in a hierarchy of importance is

Abraham Maslow

Poor morale is most likely to cause

Absenteeism

The basic tenets of capitalism were set forth in a well-known book, The Wealth of Nations, written by

Adam Smith

Both Henri Fayol and Max Weber were major contributors to the classical approach to management known as

Administrative management

Which of the following refers to power that is derived by virtue of a person's association with someone else who has some source of power?

Affiliative power

What is the nature of the organization's internal environment?

All factors that make up the organization, such as the owners, managers, employees, and board of directors

Which of the following characteristics relates to the nature of the management environment?

All of those factors that affect the operation of the organization

For the step of generating alternative courses of action to be effective, decision making must

Allot enough time to generate creative alternatives

Which of the following characteristics relates to contingency plans?

Alternate courses of action to be undertaken if certain organizational or environmental conditions change

Which of the following characteristics relates to controlling?

Those activities that an organization undertakes to ensure that its actions lead to achievement of its objectives

Which of the following refers to a more traditional approach in which managers engage in both task- and consideration-oriented behaviors in an exchange manner?

Transactional leadership

Businesses must first be responsible to their , who are primarily concerned with earning a profit.

owners

Georgia realized her supervisor was padding his expense account. Research has shown that her response will most likely be to

pad her own expense account

Herzberg's two-factor theory proposes that

the absence of maintenance factors may dissatisfy workers

Your fellow employees regularly take home company supplies such as paper, pens, tape, and glue for their personal use. Although you feel it is wrong to do so, you begin taking home company supplies too. The strongest influence on your behavior is

the overall moral climate of your organization

According to research, the most important factor affecting daily ethical decisions at work is the

work group of the perceived ethicalness of the work group

One of Mary Parker Follett's major contributions to the behavioral approach to management was her stress on the importance of

work groups as an influence on worker behavior

Generally speaking, there are three conditions that affect decision making: certainty, risk, and

Uncertainty

The condition under which managers are least confident about their decision making and most prone to err is

Uncertainty

What term describes the condition that exists when little or no factual information is available about a problem, its alternative solutions, and its respective outcomes?

Uncertainty

While intuitive decision making is not based on formal analysis or conscious reasoning, it often has a very real basis in

Years of practice and experience

There is increasing evidence that transformational leaders

exist at all levels in organizational hierarchies and in a broad range of organizations.

What is meant by behavior modification?

An application of reinforcement theory, which involves change in behavior and encouraging appropriate actions by relating the consequences of behavior to the behavior itself

What is meant by capitalism

An economic system wherein the natural laws of supply and demand and free competition within the marketplace will efficiently regulate the flow of resources within a society

The Hotfoot and Too-Too tribes in Russylvania, a desperately poor nation, engage in a bloody civil war for territory. The total population of Russylvania is ten million, and the area of the country is ten thousand square miles. Population is increasing by 10 percent a year. The civil war is really

An example of statisficing rather than optimizing

In SWOT analysis, an environmental circumstance that is potentially beneficial for the firm is called

An opportunity

Fredrick Taylor

Analyzed jobs to improve efficiency

What term describes the agreement between ten Southeast Asian countries with the goal to promote economic growth and overall progress in the area via trade and security?

Association of Southeast Asian Nations

In an organizational chart, the higher the level of the box in the chart, the higher the level of

Authority

Which of the following refers to the right to give work orders to others in the organization and is associated with a position within an organization, not with the individual occupying that position?

Authority

What name is given to the ratio at which one nation's currency can be exchanged for another nation's currency or for gold?

Exchange rate

In expectancy theory, if a person believes that extra effort will lead to high performance, such as a bonus or commission, we are talking about the person's

Expectancy

What name is given to the theory that states that motivation depends not only on how much a person wants something but also on the person's perception of how likely he or she is to get it?

Expectancy theory

Professors, computer geniuses, mechanics, airline pilots, and ship captains supposedly have a lot of

Expert power

What term describes power or influence derived from a person's special knowledge or expertise in a particular area?

Expert power

What name is given to the sale of goods and services to foreign markets?

Exporting

Which of the following refers to the receiver's response to the sender's communication?

Feedback

You sell Gourmet Mushrooms (GMs) at $100 an ounce. You have a secret source of supply, jealously guarded. Your GMs are better than your competitors' mushrooms, and only the very wealthiest Americans buy them. You are using the business strategy called

Focus

You are an apple farmer and spokesperson for the American Apple Association. You are faced with severe dumping from apple growers in Transoceania, where apples grow wild and the people pay to pick apples as a form of recreation. To counter this threat, you are going to lobby Congress and the president to

Impose a protective import tariff

What term describes a theory that recognizes the importance of goals in improving employee performance?

Goal-setting theory

What are strategic goals?

Goals set by higher managers that deal with such general topics as the firm's growth, new markets, or new goods and services

Which of the following refers to the phenomenon that occurs when cohesive "in-groups" let the desire for unanimity, or consensus, override sound judgment in generating and evaluating alternative courses of action?

Groupthink

What term is used to describe the product life cycle stage characterized by dramatic increases in the product's market share?

Growth

The management professor who actually followed managers for several days and took detailed notes about the purpose of all their activities was

Henry Mintzberg

What name is given to the order in which people strive to satisfy the five basic needs as theorized by Maslow—physiological, security, social, esteem, and self-actualization?

Hierarchy of needs

Jay Wilkinson suggests these type employes cause 90 % of all the problems in organizations.

High performers who don't live organizational values

Understanding external factors is important to managers, equally important is knowing ____________.

How to respond to the factors

Which of the following refers to a practice whereby employees came to be viewed as informal groups of their own, with their own leadership and codes of behavior, instead of as just unrelated individual workers assigned to perform individual tasks?

Human-relations movement

Experts generally agree that the first step in decision making is

Identifying the problem

Which of the following refers to a tax levied by a nation on goods bought outside its borders and imported into the country?

Import tariff

The purchase of goods and services from a foreign source defines

Importing

What name is given to a process theory that assumes that behavior may be reinforced by relating it to its consequences?

Reinforcement theory

Which of the following refers to the individual's burden of accountability for attainment of the organization's goals?

Responsibility

Which of the following refers to the decision maker's decision to choose the first alternative that appears to resolve the problem satisfactorily?

Satisficing

What term describes groups that have a less formal connection to the organization, such as environmentalists, special interest groups, and the media?

Secondary stakeholders

What is meant by interpersonal skills?

Skills such as communication, listening, conflict resolution, and leading that are necessary to work with others

When a product has been on the market for many years, such as the automobile, and its growth is slow at best, what stage of the product life cycle is it said to be in?

Maturity

If companies do research to learn about cultural differences before engaging in trade in a particular country, then problems arising from these cultural differences can be

Minimized

Which of the following refers to a definition of an organization's fundamental purpose and its basic philosophy?

Mission

Your company's work teams have won national awards for making the finest widgets ever seen. Your loyal and productive workers have never been more proud of their work. What important characteristic of motivation is probably at an all-time high at your company?

Moral

Which of the following refers to the sum total of employees' attitudes toward their jobs, employer, and colleagues?

Morale

A corporation that operates in several countries without significant ties to any of them is a

Multinational

Dan Pink says that tying incentives to work

Narrows focus

Sue wants to be warm, but she is not; she has a

Need

What term describes institutions such as governments, social cause organizations, and religious groups that cannot retain earnings over expenses, do not have equity interests, and cannot be bought or sold?

Non-profit organization

Which of the following refers to a set of activities intended to achieve goals, whether for an entire organization, department, or an individual?

Plan

What term describes determining what the organization will specifically accomplish and deciding how to accomplish these goals?

Planning

What term describes the relationship of individuals, their rights, and their property to the state?

Political forces

What term is based on the idea that certain individuals or groups will be able to influence others to achieve their goals?

Political model of decision making

An American firm's refusal to enter into a binding contract with a Russian oil firm because of the lack of clarity of Russian law in this area is based on the American firm's analysis of which dimension of the general environment?

Political-legal dimension

Which of the following characteristics relates to corporate governance?

The formal system of oversight, accountability, and control for organizational decisions and resources

Which of the following characteristics relates to technical skills?

The knowledge and ability to accomplish the specialized activities of the work group

What is meant by geographic division structure?

The organization of divisions by geographic region

Which of the following characteristics relates to job design?

The process of grouping tasks into jobs

Which of the following characteristics relates to leadership?

The process of influencing the activities of an individual or a group toward the achievement of a goal

Which of the following characteristics best describes communication?

The process through which information and meaning are transferred from one person to another

Which of the following characteristics relates to social forces?

The relationship of people to each other within a particular culture

What is meant by corporate strategy?

The scope and resource deployment components of strategy for the enterprise as a whole

What is an embargo

The suspension of trade in a particular product by the government

Which of the following characteristics relates to downward communication?

The traditional flow of information from upper organizational levels to lower levels, such as job directions, assignment of tasks, performance feedback, and information concerning the organization's goals

What term describes the assumption that people are naturally lazy, must be threatened and forced to work, have little ambition or initiative, and do not try to fulfill any need higher than security needs at work?

Theory X

Which of the following is NOT part of Jim Collin's "First Who" concept?

They put their best people on the biggest challenges

What is meant by job specialization?

The division of work into smaller, distinct tasks

The contingency approach to management is best characterized by the short phrase

"it depends"

Which of the following refers to an economic and political union of 28 member nations that are located primarily in Europe?

European Union (EU)

What term describes restrictions on the amount of a particular currency that may be bought or sold?

Exchange controls

"Improving people's lives by providing gas and electric services in a sustainable way -- affordable, reliable and clean" is an example of

A mission statement

What is path-goal theory?

A model concerned with how a leader affects employees' perceptions of their personal and work goals and the paths to goal attainment

What is meant by expectancy?

A person's expectation that effort will lead to high performance

What is meant by focus

A business strategy in which the business concentrates on one part or segment of the market and tries to meet the demands of that segment

Which of the following characteristics relates to a decision?

A choice made from alternative courses of action in order to deal with a problem

What is a multinational corporation (MNC)?

A corporation, such as IBM, ExxonMobil, and Nestlé, that operates on a worldwide scale, without significant ties to any one nation or region

What is the administrative model of decision making?

A descriptive approach, recognizing that people do not always make decisions with logic and rationality, that outlines how managers actually do make decisions; also known as the organizational, neoclassical, or behavioral model

The fact that the American company 3M owns a film-manufacturing facility in Italy is an example of

A direct investment

Which of the following characteristics relates to a compressed work week?

A four-day (or shorter) period in which an employee works 40 hours

What is the World Trade Organization (WTO)?

A global association of member countries that promotes free trade

Which of the following characteristics relates to an organizational chart?

A graphic display of the official lines of authority and communication within the organization

Which of the following characteristics relates to the Hawthorne studies?

A group of studies that provided the stimulus for the human-relations movement within management theory and practice

What is meant by an authentic leader?

A leader who is passionate about company objectives, models corporate values in the workplace, and forms strong relationships with stakeholders

Which of the following characteristics relates to situational leadership theory?

A leadership model whose premise is that a leader's style should be contingent on subordinates' competence and commitment

The opposite or other side of disastrous escalation of commitment is

Bailing out of a course of action too soon

You have an employee-of-the-year award in your insurance business for the man or woman who consistently has the best attitude and gives the best service to your customers, as measured by their compliments. Which approach to management is your award based on?

Behavioral

Which of the following refers to the initial stage of the product life cycle when the product is introduced?

Birth

The most popular form of nonverbal communication, which is part of the sender, is called

Body language

What term describes the process of choosing among alternative courses of action to resolve a problem?

Brainstorming

The ratio at which one nation's currency can be exchanged for another nation's currency or gold is the

Exchange rate

Which of the following best describes digital communication?

Can consist of both written and verbal communication

What term describes the pattern of concentrating authority in a relatively few, high-level positions?

Centralization

What term describes an approach to management that stresses the manager's role in a formal hierarchy of authority and focuses on the task, machines, and systems needed to accomplish the task efficiently?

Classical approach

Which of the following refers to the design of jobs based on the principles of division of labor and specialization?

Classical approach to job design

What name is given to a prescriptive approach--asserting that managers are logical, rational individuals who make decisions that are in the best interests of the organization--that outlines how managers should make decisions?

Classical model of decision making

A positive contribution of the informal relationships in the organization's operation is

Communication and interaction

What name is given to other organizations that produce similar, or in some cases identical, goods or services?

Competitors

When a manager reasons well, processes information intelligently, and evaluates which strategic option is potentially most profitable, he or she is displaying

Conceptual skills

Which of the following refers to the intellectual abilities to process information and make accurate decisions about the work group and the job tasks?

Conceptual skills

What name is given to a person's willingness to take risks when making decisions?

Confidence

What term describes a person's faith that his or her decisions are reliable and good?

Confidence

Motivational theories that assume that workers are motivated by the desire to satisfy needs, and then seek to identify what those needs are, are called

Content theories

What term describes a group of theories that assume that workers are motivated by the desire to satisfy needs and that seek to identify what their needs are?

Content theories

What term describes an approach to management theories that emphasizes identifying the key variables in each management situation, understanding the relationships among these variables, and recognizing the complex system of cause and effect that exists in each and every managerial situation?

Contingency approach

You own a painting business in Minnesota. You watch the Weather Channel faithfully and schedule indoor painting for cold/wet days and outdoor painting for warm/dry days. You are using what management theory?

Contingency theory

According to the text, a blueprint of acceptable behavior that is passed from one generation to the next is called

Culture

Which of the following refers to those who purchase an organization's goods and/or services?

Customers

What name is given to the capacity to be aware of, control, and express one's emotions, and to handle interpersonal relationships judiciously and empathetically?

Emotional intelligence

The fact that Americans are becoming older and more affluent is an example of

Demographic characteristics

Managers with a conceptual decision making style are skilled at

Developing new solutions and relying on intuition

What term describes a member of the team who argues for an alternative position, thereby encouraging team members to carefully consider alternative courses of action?

Devil's advocate

MidAmerican Energy Holdings Company has doubled its wind energy capacity by installing windmills and high-tech batteries to make it a "cleaner" utility company. In high-tech renewable energy, this company has a

Distinctive competence

What term describes what a firm does well relative to its competitors?

Distinctive competence

You own and operate your own hamburger stand. One of your employees makes the hamburger patties, a second grills them, a third slaps them in buns, and a fourth sells them to customers. You are utilizing what management concept or theory?

Division of labor, or specialization

What name is given to the overall condition of the complex interactions of economies throughout the world?

Economic dimension

Which of the following characteristics relates to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)?

Effectively merged Canada, the United States, and Mexico into one market of about 400 million consumers by eliminating most tariffs and trade restrictions on agricultural and manufactured products among the three countries

What term describes accomplishing the objectives with a minimum of resources?

Efficiently

The person primarily associated with the Hawthorne studies was

Elton Mayo

What name is given to the most effective managers, who engage in both dimensions of leadership behaviors by getting employees involved in the operation of their departments or divisions in a positive and constructive manner, setting general goals, providing fairly loose supervision, and recognizing employees' contributions?

Employee-centered leaders

The examination of input-output ratios, employee contributions, and the perception of fairness is most associated with

Equity theory

What term describes a theory stating that the extent to which people are willing to contribute to an organization depends on their assessment of the fairness of the rewards they will receive in exchange?

Equity theory

Which of the following refers to the tendency to persist with a failing course of action?

Escalation of commitment

Which of the following refers to an identifiable problem, situation, or opportunity that requires a person or organization to choose among several actions that may be evaluated as ethical or unethical?

Ethical issue

Which of the following refers to a comprehensive evaluation of a firm's ethics and compliance program and its ethical decisions used to determine whether the program is effective?

Ethics audit

Which of the following characteristics relates to codes of ethics?

Formalized rules and standards that describe and delineate what the organization expects of its employees

The scientific-management theorist who studied the motions of bricklayers and nearly tripled their productivity was

Frank Gilbreth

You watch a painter paint a house, and you videotape her movements. Later, you make specific recommendations for reducing her painting motions so she can be more efficient, and you also design a movable ladder for her to reduce fatigue. You are a disciple of

Frank and Lillian Gilbreth

What name is given to the final result that a firm wishes to achieve?

Goal

A negative effect of the informal organization, particularly in times of crisis, may well be

Inaccurate information

The basic assumption of the classical approach to job design is that division of labor and job specialization

Increases an organization's overall productivity

What term describes the condition of having too much material to process?

Information overload

When an individual simply has too many jobs to perform, he or she is suffering from what environmental barrier to communication?

Information overload

What term describes the physical facilities that support a country's economic activities, such as railroads, highways, ports, airfields, utilities and power plants, schools, hospitals, communication systems, and commercial distribution systems?

Infrastructure

If Peru wants to purchase machine parts from a German company but lacks German marks, it will probably go to which of the following institutions to borrow the marks?

International Monetary Fund

The basic mission of which of the following is to oversee the international monetary system and help ensure stable currencies and exchange rates throughout the world?

International Monetary Funds (IMF)

Which of the following refers to the buying, selling, and trading of goods and services across national boundaries?

International business

You buy a thousand shares of Ralston Purina common stock because you just know it is going to go up in value. The next day, it plunges ten dollars. You have probably relied too much on your

Intuition

An option can be useless because no one chooses it, but

It can help people figure out what they want

What name is given to the product life cycle stage when the product's market share either slows or has no growth?

Maturity

Although regulations and laws sharply limit a leader's ability to use coercive power, it is a fair assessment that

It is still too commonly used in business settings

Which of the following refers to a working arrangement whereby two employees do one job?

Job sharing

The process of dividing jobs among individuals so that each person has only a few tasks to perform is called

Job specialization, or division of labor

Drucker predicted that ______ would become increasingly important in the future, a prediction that became reality in the twenty-first century.

Knowledge workers

Miller Beer allows a Canadian firm to use its name, formula, and brands in return for a royalty. This arrangement is known as

Licensing

What term describes a trade arrangement in which one company--the licensor--allows another company--the licensee--to use its company name, products, patents, brands, trademarks, raw materials, and/or production processes in exchange for a fee, or royalty?

Licensing

You are the producer of Western Denim brand blue jeans. The pants are in high demand in Pangia; however, shipping costs, tariffs, and trade restrictions are insurmountable. As a last resort, you have entered into an agreement to let a local Pangian manufacturer use your name, materials, and trademark to produce the jeans in exchange for a royalty. This is a

Licensing agreement

A valuable, and often underestimated, component of communication, and a difficult skill to master, is

Listening

As it relates to decision making, uncertainty may be said to be the condition that exists when

Little or no reliable information is available

Which of the following refers to the field of management that includes the study and use of mathematical models and statistical methods to improve the effectiveness of managerial decision making?

Management science

What name is given to individuals who make decisions about the use of the organization's resources, and are concerned with planning, organizing, leading, and controlling the organization's activities so as to reach its objectives?

Managers

You manage a local baseball team, and you allow the nine members to choose the position each will play. Your team has high morale, wins a local tournament, and the members decide to split the winnings equally. You have been influenced by the ideas of

Mary Parker Follett

At the age of 45, having made your fortune in the hamburger business, you sell the business, retire, and then take up full-time the hobby you love: painting. Whose theory or concept best describes your decision?

Maslow's self-actualization

What name is given to a structure in which members of different functional departments are chosen to work together temporarily on a specific contract or project?

Matrix structure

What term describes an international economic organization comprised of 30 countries that accept the basic principles of free-market economies and representative democracy, and that recommend and promote policies to improve the well-being of consumers and societies across the world?

Organization of Economic Cooperation an Development (OECD)

Reward power, which stems from a person's ability to bestow rewards, is

Organizationally based

Which of the following characteristics relates to suppliers?

Organizations and individuals who provide resources to other organizations

IBM has recently rearranged various administrative divisions and departments. This activity can be classified into which major management function?

Organizing

What name is given the transfer of manufacturing or other functions (such as data processing) to countries where labor and supplies are less expensive?

Outsourcing

______ occurs when an organization transfers manufacturing, services, and other functions to countries where labor and supplies are less expensive.

Outsourcing

You manage a semiprofessional baseball team, and you call up the Toronto Blue Jays and challenge them to a million-dollar match, winner take all. You suffer from

Overconfidence and excessive risk propensity

The company that was founded on with strong CSR principles is

Patagonia

Which of the following characteristics best relates to resources?

People, equipment, finances, and data used by an organization to reach its objectives

What is the global dimension?

Pertaining to the general environment, those factors in other countries that affect the organization

____ coined the term management by objectives in his 1954 work Practice of Management.

Peter Drucker

A general problem in our society, and one that contributes to many communication breakdowns, is

Poor listening

Which of the following characteristics relates to information power?

Power that is a result of having access to important information that is not common knowledge, or of having the ability to control the flow of information to and from others

Which of the following refers to those who have a formal and/or contractual relationship with the firm, such as customers, suppliers, employees, regulators, investors, and communities?

Primary stakeholders

Which of the following characteristics relates to business ethics?

Principles, values, and codes of conduct that define acceptable behavior in business

The motivational theories that try to determine "how" and "why" employees are motivated to perform are called

Process theories

Which of the following refers to a set of theories that try to determine "how" and "why" employees are motivated to perform?

Process theories

What name is given to decisions made in response to situations that are routine, structured, and fairly repetitive?

Programmed decisions

What name is given to an interpretation of the purpose of life, stating that, instead of merely waiting on earth for release into the next world, people should pursue an occupation and engage in high levels of worldly activity so that they can fulfill their calling?

Protestant ethic

What term describes the act of weakening or eliminating an undesired behavior by providing negative consequences?

Punishment

What name is given to the maximum number of units of a particular product that may be imported into a country?

Quota

A personal source of power that a leader possesses when he or she is admired by employees who identify with the leader is called

Referent power

What name is given to personal power that results when one person identifies with and admires another?

Referent power

What is the theory that states that employees learn not only through direct experience but also through observation and personal qualities?

Social learning theory

What name is given to the obligation a business assumes to maximize its positive impact and minimize its negative impact on society?

Social responsibility

______ refers to an organization's obligation to maximize its positive impact and minimize its negative impact on society.

Social responsibility

The translation of product names can be a crucial factor in the success or failure of a foreign marketing effort because of

Sociocultural differences

What name is given to an environment in which stakeholder demands, and specifically customer desires, are well understood and relatively steady over time?

Stable environment

The agreement between Japan's Sony Corporation and the Swedish telecommunication company Ericsson to make mobile phones is an example of a

Strategic alliance

Which of the following refers to a partnership formed to create competitive advantage on a worldwide basis?

Strategic alliance

Which of the following refers to a general statement of actions an organization intends to take or is taking that is based on the fit of the organization with its external environment?

Strategy

The organizational form or structure that an organization takes needs to be consistent with the

Strategy it intends to pursue

What term describes goods or services that may be used in place of those furnished by a given business?

Substitutes

Your employees call you "The Computer." Your favorite saying is, "Just the facts, ma'am." You believe that knowledge is power. Your favorite decision-making model is

The classical model

The work of W. Edwards Deming is most appropriately classified in which theory of management?

Systems

What name is given to those factors that have a direct effect on a specific organization and its managers, including customers, suppliers, competitors, substitutes, and potential new entrants to the industry?

Task environment

Within the general environment, what term describes the knowledge and process of changing inputs (resources, labor, and money) to outputs (goods and services)?

Technological dimension

Karl Marx is mostly know for his writing in the book _______________

The Communist Manifesto

The birth of the human relations approach to motivation can be traced to

The Hawthorne studies

What is meant by charisma?

The ability to inspire admiration, respect, loyalty, and a desire to emulate, based on some intangible set of personality traits; a personal source of power

Which of the following characteristics relates to positive reinforcement?

The act of strengthening a desired behavior by rewarding it or providing other positive outcomes

Which of the following characteristics relates to a business-level strategy?

The area of responsibility usually assigned to the divisional-level managers

Which of the following characteristics relates to the sociocultural dimension?

The aspect of the general environment that includes the demographics, attitudes, and the values of the society within which an organization operates

Which of the following characteristics relates to the product life cycle?

The cycle of birth, growth, maturity, and decline of a product

You own a computer company, and you launch a joint venture with a competitor to create a new super-speed tablet. Unfortunately, you do not realize that your operating system is totally incompatible with that of the other company's, and the new venture fails miserably. This is the result of

Your failure to cope with the technological dimension of the general environment

The group in a corporation that has legal responsibility to represent the stockholders is

a board of directors

In the United States, if a businessperson brought an elaborately wrapped gift to a prospective client on their first meeting, it might be viewed as

a bribe

The parties it deals with, such as suppliers, customers, and organizations producing substitute goods, are all a part of a firm's

a task environment

What is meant by brainstorming?

a technique in which group members spontaneously suggest ideas to solve a problem

In the systems approach to management, synergy is an expression of the idea that

a whole is more than the sum of its parts

The most accurate definition of the organizational environment is/are

all those factors that affect the operation of the organization

Effective use of an organization's resources means

achieving the intended results

As part of Jim Collins concept "A Culture of Discipline" he references, disciplined _, disciplined _, and disciplined _.

action, thought, people

The First Lady's primary source of power is

affiliative

When Henry Mintzberg referred to the manager as the "nerve center" and the "focal point" in his or her organization, he was talking about the manager in

an informational role

Frederick Taylor

analyzed jobs to improve efficiency.

According to Dan Ariely, when individuals are faced with complex decisions, the _________option is often chosen.

default

The first step in strategic planning is

determining the mission and strategic goals.

The task environment includes all of the following except

environmentalists

When a manager persists in a failing course of action and discounts negative information, he or she is engaging in

escalation of commitment

Three important trends that are impacting businesses today are e-business, global organizations, and

ethics and social responsibility

An employee's confidence that he or she can perform a task or behavior successfully is called

self-efficacy

Jay Wilkinson suggests the best way to deal with "haters" is to not hire them. If, its too late, and you already have them in your organization he suggests _____

fire them

When Henri Fayol said that management's role is to "forecast and plan, to organize, to command, to coordinate, and to control," he was stating the

functional definition of management

The so-called "Protestant ethic" held that

hard work and self-denial would lead to a better afterlife.

One of the significant conclusions that has been drawn from the Hawthorne studies is that

human relations an the social needs of workers are a critical variable in management

If unethical behavior receives great reward and little punishment, then the likelihood that unethical behavior will recur is

increased

According to Hofstede's cultural dimensions theory, _____ tend to be self-reliant and place a high level of importance on freedom and ambition, while _____ place more value on the team than the individual.

individualist; collectivists

When Weseeyu, Inc., of Rochester, New York, sells contact lenses to people in Moscow, Russia, the company

is exporting the lenses

The manager of the Boston Red Sox delivers a fiery speech just before the game about why it is critically important to beat the Yankees. He is

leading

The phrase caveat emptor means

let the buyer beware

A good way to judge the ethics of a decision is to

look at the situation from several viewpoints.

The doom loop describes

making decisions on trends

Social responsibility is the obligation a business has to

maximize its positive impact on society and minimize its negative impact

For a company to maintain ethical behavior, its policies, rules, and standards to encourage ethical decision making

must be enforced by rewards for proper behavior and punishments for unacceptable behavior.

Most businesspeople engaged in international trade underestimate the importance of

social and cultural differences

When the manager of the Boston Red Sox chooses his starting line-up for his next game, he is

planning

You admire Sam Walton because he founded Wal-Mart when everyone said that discount stores in small cities would not work. You admire his

self-confidence and intuitive abilitiy

The greater a person's exposure to unethical behavior, the greater is the likelihood that

the person will behave unethically

What is meant by importing?

the purchase of goods and services from a foreign source

What is meant by soldiering

the systematic slowdown in work by laborers with the deliberate purpose of keeping their employers ignorant of how fast the work can be done

What is meant by organizational structure?

the way managers group jobs into departments and departments into divisions

A major criticism of the classical theories of management has been that they were

too narrowly focused on work and efficiency and ignored human needs

One of the justified criticisms of the classical model of decision making is that it is

too unrealistic and time consuming to be applied to real situations.

Ethical violations destroy

trust

The behavioral approach to management is most concerned with

understanding the importance of human needs, behavior, and attitudes in organizations